北师大版 高一下册 模块4 Unit 12 Culture Shock提能练(word原卷板+解析版)

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名称 北师大版 高一下册 模块4 Unit 12 Culture Shock提能练(word原卷板+解析版)
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Unit 12 Culture Shock
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·绵阳市第一次诊断考试)
FOUR BEST BOOKSHOPS IN LONDON
Looking for something to read while in London?If so,you're in luck:the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops.
Daunt Books
Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or nonfiction book set in the place you're headed?This bookshop arranges books by country,so it's easy to find anything by the place.(83 Marylebone High Street.Monday—Saturday:09:00—19:30;Sunday:11:00—18:00.)
Foyles
With four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books,this legendary(享有盛名的) bookshop won't let you leave empty handed.It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet.(107 Charing Cross Road.Monday—Saturday:9:00—21:00;Sunday:11:30—18:00.)
Hatchards
In the year 1797,this London bookshop—the oldest in the city today—first flicked its lights on.It stocks an excellent selection of fiction,nonfiction,history and other genres.(187 Piccadilly Street.Monday—Saturday:09:30—20:00;Sunday:12:00—18:30.)
London Review Bookshop
There's an excellent selection of history,philosophy,politics,new fiction and many other genres here.Plus there's a nice café in which you can crack open that tome(巨著)for the first time and start reading.(14 Bury Place.Monday—Saturday:10:00—18:30;Sunday:12:00—18:00.)
1.Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records
A.Daunt Books.
B.Foyles.
C.Hatchards.
D.London Review Bookshop.
2.What is special about Hatchards
A.It has a long history.
B.It has 200,000 books.
C.It has a café.
D.It has both fiction and nonfiction books.
3.Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee
A.83 Marylebone High Street.
B.107 Charing Cross Road.
C.187 Piccadilly Street.
D.14 Bury Place.
B
(2021·武昌区高三调研考试)
I grew up in libraries,or at least it feels that way.I went there several times a week with my mother when I was young.Those visits were fantastic.The library might have been the first place where I was ever given autonomy(自主权).In the library,I could have anything I wanted.And on the ride back to home,my mom and I would talk about the order in which we were going to read our books,a solemn conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves through this charming period until the books were due.
When I left for college,one of the many ways I differentiated myself from my mom was that I was wild about owning books.All I know is that I lost my appreciation of the slow pace of making my way through a library and of having books on borrowed time.If my mother ever mentioned to me that she was on the waiting list for some books at the library,I got annoyed and asked why she didn't just buy it.
But in 2011,one of my son's school assignments was to interview someone who worked for the city.He said he wanted to interview a librarian.As my son and I drove to meet the librarian,I was flooded by a sense of absolute familiarity,a recollection of the journey of the parent and child on their way to the library.I had taken this trip so many times before,but at that moment I turned my thought on its head,and I was the parent bringing my child on that special trip.
As I walked into the library,nothing had changed—the sense of gentle,steady busyness,like a pot of water on a rolling boil(沸点),was just the same.In the library,time is dammed up—not just stopped but saved.I knew what hooked me was the shock of familiarity I felt—the way it revealed my childhood,my relationship with my mom,my love of books.However,as I was rediscovering those memories,my mother was losing all of hers.The writer Amadou Hamp té Ba once said that in Africa,whenever an old man dies,it is as though a library were burning down.But if you can take something from his or her internal collection and share it,it takes on a life of its own.
4.What can be inferred about the author's childhood from Paragraph 1
A.She lived near a library.
B.She possessed a library.
C.She didn't borrow books from libraries.
D.She enjoyed visits to libraries.
5.How did the author change after entering college
A.She lost her enthusiasm for reading.
B.She did not return books on time.
C.She quit the habit of going to libraries.
D.She wanted to buy books for her mom.
6.What did the author rediscover when she walked into the library with her son
A.Her love of libraries.
B.Her delight in owning books.
C.Her lost memory of her mom.
D.Her familiarity with her mom.
7.Which can be the title of this passage
A.The library—a world of knowledge
B.The library—a place of memory
C.The library—a busy place
D.The library—an old man
C
(2021·福建省高三毕业班质量检查测试)
George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker,not an artist.Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure,Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist.For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs,tables,and cabinets.
Nakashima had a clear goal.He intended to make each piece of furniture as perfect as possible.Even making a box was an act of creation,because it produced an object that had never existed before.Initially Nakashima used local wood,sometimes from his own property.Later,he traveled to seek out English oak,Persian walnut,African zebrawood and Indian teak.He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was cut down.Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.
Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards,but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots(节疤) and cracks.These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a colourful life.
He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful.One early piece Nakashima designed was a three legged chair for his small daughter,Mira,to use when she sat at the table for meals.The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions.Another famous piece,the conoid chair,has two legs supported by bladelike feet.Always,Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful,marked by the simplicity that revealed his love for the wood.
As the years passed,Nakashima's reputation grew and he received many awards.His children Mira and Kevin,now adults,joined the team of craftspeople in their father's studio.Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true.
8.Which of the following best describes Nakashima
A.Generous and outgoing.      B.Honest and simple.
C.Capable and friendly.      D.Creative and modest.
9.Which of the following is true about Nakashima
A.His artworks made trees live again.
B.He always used precious wood materials.
C.His chairs were beautifully designed but useless.
D.He devoted himself to shaping wood.
10.What can we learn about Nakashima from the last two paragraphs
A.He loved his work and family.
B.He made chairs of the same style.
C.He sought for a simple life and art.
D.He was lost in researching the wood.
11.What can be inferred about Mira and Kevin
A.They had an art studio of their own.
B.They still lacked the ability to create artworks.
C.They had a common interest with their father.
D.They enjoyed the same reputation with their father.
D
(2021·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性测试)
There's one easy thing you can do every day to live longer and happier,according to a recent study,and it has nothing to do with diet,exercise,or cutting out bad habits.
A review of nearly 150 studies with more than 300,000 participants found that having active social circles decreases your chances of dying by 50 percent,regardless of age,gender or medical history.“When we're social,we live longer,” Dr.Kelli Harding noted.“Loneliness is more of a risk factor to health than other known risk factors,like high blood pressure and obesity.”
The findings are written up in Dr.Harding's new book,The Rabbit Effect,which is about how kindness,rather than laughter,may be the best medicine.The book gets its title from a famous 1978 study of the relationship between cholesterol(胆固醇) and heart health in rabbits.Researchers accidentally discovered that those rabbits that received the most affection from their human handlers lived much longer than the others.
We live in a world where most of our social interactions happen through our phones.But to get the health benefits of a more active social circle,you don't have to throw away your device and join a book club.More casual interactions with neighbors,shop owners,and others you meet every day can do_the_trick.Increasingly,those relationships can start online.That's where Nextdoor comes in.The stated purpose of the company is “to cultivate a kinder world where everyone has a neighborhood they can depend on”.
When asked for advice on one thing you can do to live longer and happier,Dr.Harding said it perfectly,“Be kind.It's actually pretty amazing how much each person can make the world a better,kinder,healthier place.It really takes very little and you never know the impact you have on somebody.”
12.What do we know about The Rabbit Effect
A.Its title comes from a study.
B.It's a report about heart health.
C.Laughter could cure diseases.
D.Rabbits could help live longer.
13.What's the purpose of Nextdoor
A.To advocate online shopping to save time.
B.To offer the neighborhood sports facilities.
C.To settle the arguments among the families.
D.To create a harmonious community to rely on.
14.What does the underlined phrase “do the trick” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Improve health and wellness.
B.Set up online relationships.
C.Build a happy and warm family.
D.Keep away from bad habits.
15.What can be inferred from Dr.Harding's words in the last paragraph
A.We can look for a kind neighborhood.
B.We should be kind to animals in the wild.
C.Every small act of kindness can make a difference.
D.All kinds of social activities can make a better world.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断)
We usually interpret someone looking us straight in the eye during an interaction as a sign of trustworthiness.__1__ This is at least the case in the Western world.
But research is increasingly challenging this view.__2__ In a competitive environment where a negotiation is taking place,looking at another person directly in the eye can be a sign of competition and unkindness,rather than kindness.
While folk wisdom tells us eye contact is a sign of honesty and trustworthiness,these findings were not a surprise.Animals have direct eye contact not before engaging in kind behavior but rather immediately before an attack.__3__ We humans seem to be carrying this tradition by looking our opponent directly in the eye before we “attack”.
What does this mean for the workplace?In a competitive business environment,when taking part in negotiations or a business deal,for example,be aware that people who look you directly in the eye may not be as friendly as you think.__4__ In many Asian cultures,for example,looking a person of higher status in the eye is a sign of disrespect,while looking away signals respect.
__5__ And this must be fully understood.This means they most likely don't apply to social environments,such as spending time with friends,family or loved ones.In these cases,direct eye contact,often referred to as a “gaze”,can still be a sign of intimacy(亲密) and kindness.
A.This may help you understand eye contact much better.
B.Eye contact is a sign of a challenge and threat from another.
C.The study led by Jennifer Jordan shows quite the opposite.
D.All the experiments took place in a competitive environment.
E.We use eye contact as a marker of intimacy and straightforwardness.
F.Actually it can be rather upsetting when someone avoids eye contact.
G.If you want to express honesty and reliability,direct eye contact may indicate the opposite.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·开封市高三第一次模拟)
On a Monday morning,back in 2015,I remembered parking my car outside my doctor's clinic in Broadwater,Western Australia.I felt __1__ and I carefully practiced what I wanted to tell my doctor.Heartbreak,sorrow and the loss of a complete family left me not coping well.
I was __2__.I had tried to pick myself up,tried to throw myself into my work as an educator in before and after school care,and also tried to focus on my art.__3__ these efforts,my depression hadn't gone away.It kept __4__ like a cancer in my inner world.I wanted a normal __5__.I wanted to be as healthy as my son,Kai,who was __6__ me.I took a few deep breaths and went into the clinic for my __7__.
After I returned to my car,I shut the door and started __8__ uncontrollably.My doctor said I had severe depression.I needed to take antidepressants(抗抑郁药).I had to make some big __9__ to get better.
Still sobbing,I was __10__ to hear a knock on my car door.A slim lady with short fair hair __11__ opened it and began to speak calmly and kindly to me.“I don't know what you're __12__ right now.But know this,I wish you well.I believe you will be __13__ and what you are going through will pass,” she said.“Can I give you a hug?”
There I was,a weeping mess,__14__ accepting this kind stranger's comforting hug.All I __15__ to reply in a choked(哽咽的) voice was “Thank you”.
This was the most significant act of __16__ that I've ever experienced from a stranger.It gave me hope.My __17__ started right there.
About a year later,I bumped into the same kind __18__ at the opening of an art exhibition.She __19__ me and smiled.She said she could tell I was doing well.We __20__ again,and once more I could express my appreciation for her act.
1.A.confident      B.proud
C.nervous      D.patient
2.A.ashamed      B.astonished
C.depressed      D.confused
3.A.Without      B.Despite
C.Beyond      D.Through
4.A.growing      B.surviving
C.moving      D.wandering
5.A.excuse      B.life
C.job      D.reward
6.A.looking for      B.waiting for
C.walking around      D.depending on
7.A.school      B.neighborhood
C.house      D.appointment
8.A.coughing      B.weeping
C.laughing      D.shaking
9.A.preparations      B.comments
C.changes      D.contributions
10.A.surprised      B.delighted
C.disappointed      D.excited
11.A.quickly      B.madly
C.gently      D.casually
12.A.describing      B.observing
C.determining      D.experiencing
13.A.left behind      B.looked after
C.called on      D.turned off
14.A.calmly      B.eagerly
C.unwillingly      D.gratefully
15.A.managed      B.decided
C.failed      D.attempted
16.A.courage      B.kindness
C.wisdom      D.devotion
17.A.treatment      B.experiment
C.recovery      D.adventure
18.A.lady      B.doctor
C.educator      D.girl
19.A.recognized      B.forgave
C.understood      D.comforted
20.A.met      B.nodded
C.acted      D.hugged
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·济宁市6月模拟)
Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that 1.________(appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.2.________(combine) music,song,dance and acrobatics(杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display,it is a 3.________(relative) new style of drama,compared to other types of Chinese theater.
In the early years of Peking Opera,all the actors were men,4.________ the roles of women played by young boys.The stories fell into two main 5.________(category)—wen,or civil theater,which focused on love,marriage and other civilian concerns,and wu,or military theater,which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions.
In the first half of the 6.________(twenty) century,the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang,7.________ played a key role in popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West.Additionally,Mei also took the bold step in taking on female students,which was 8.________ highly risky and unconventional step at the time.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China,Peking Opera performances,which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes,were encouraged.Despite 9.________(it) ups and downs,Peking Opera was revived(复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 10.________(perform) today.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)
Lucy,the 5th grader,has a love of writing letters.She wrote to her mailman to express her thanks in last week.“Doug,you may know me as a person who wrote lots of letters and decorates the envelopes too.I want thank you for taking my letters and delivering it.I make people happily with my letters,but you do too,” Lucy wrote.
The next day,Lucy got a letter from Doug thanking her for recognizing which he had done and the importances of his job.Feeling moved and inspiring,Doug shared Lucy's letter online.It received more than 200,000 likes.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·长沙市高三统一模拟)
假设你是李华,目前在英国一所中学做交换生,得知学校书法俱乐部正在招收新成员。请你给俱乐部写一封自荐信,内容包括:
1.自我介绍及书法爱好;
2.加入后的打算,如传播中国文化等。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:书法calligraphy
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
PAGE
17Unit 12 Culture Shock
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·绵阳市第一次诊断考试)
FOUR BEST BOOKSHOPS IN LONDON
Looking for something to read while in London?If so,you're in luck:the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops.
Daunt Books
Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or nonfiction book set in the place you're headed?This bookshop arranges books by country,so it's easy to find anything by the place.(83 Marylebone High Street.Monday—Saturday:09:00—19:30;Sunday:11:00—18:00.)
Foyles
With four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books,this legendary(享有盛名的) bookshop won't let you leave empty handed.It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet.(107 Charing Cross Road.Monday—Saturday:9:00—21:00;Sunday:11:30—18:00.)
Hatchards
In the year 1797,this London bookshop—the oldest in the city today—first flicked its lights on.It stocks an excellent selection of fiction,nonfiction,history and other genres.(187 Piccadilly Street.Monday—Saturday:09:30—20:00;Sunday:12:00—18:30.)
London Review Bookshop
There's an excellent selection of history,philosophy,politics,new fiction and many other genres here.Plus there's a nice café in which you can crack open that tome(巨著)for the first time and start reading.(14 Bury Place.Monday—Saturday:10:00—18:30;Sunday:12:00—18:00.)
语篇解读: 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了位于伦敦的四个具有特色且非常值得参观的书店,包括其地点、开放时间等。
1.Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records
A.Daunt Books.
B.Foyles.
C.Hatchards.
D.London Review Bookshop.
B [考查细节理解。根据Foyles部分中的“It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records”可知,Foyles曾被列入吉尼斯世界纪录,故选B。]
2.What is special about Hatchards
A.It has a long history.
B.It has 200,000 books.
C.It has a café.
D.It has both fiction and nonfiction books.
A [考查细节理解。根据Hatchards部分中的“the oldest in the city today”可知,Hatchards不同于其他书店的地方是它是伦敦最古老的书店,故选A。]
3.Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee
A.83 Marylebone High Street.
B.107 Charing Cross Road.
C.187 Piccadilly Street.
D.14 Bury Place.
D [考查细节理解。根据London Review Bookshop部分中的“there's a nice café in which you can...and start reading”可知,London Review Bookshop有一个不错的咖啡馆,在这里你可以一边读书,一边喝咖啡,故选D。]
B
(2021·武昌区高三调研考试)
I grew up in libraries,or at least it feels that way.I went there several times a week with my mother when I was young.Those visits were fantastic.The library might have been the first place where I was ever given autonomy(自主权).In the library,I could have anything I wanted.And on the ride back to home,my mom and I would talk about the order in which we were going to read our books,a solemn conversation in which we planned how to pace ourselves through this charming period until the books were due.
When I left for college,one of the many ways I differentiated myself from my mom was that I was wild about owning books.All I know is that I lost my appreciation of the slow pace of making my way through a library and of having books on borrowed time.If my mother ever mentioned to me that she was on the waiting list for some books at the library,I got annoyed and asked why she didn't just buy it.
But in 2011,one of my son's school assignments was to interview someone who worked for the city.He said he wanted to interview a librarian.As my son and I drove to meet the librarian,I was flooded by a sense of absolute familiarity,a recollection of the journey of the parent and child on their way to the library.I had taken this trip so many times before,but at that moment I turned my thought on its head,and I was the parent bringing my child on that special trip.
As I walked into the library,nothing had changed—the sense of gentle,steady busyness,like a pot of water on a rolling boil(沸点),was just the same.In the library,time is dammed up—not just stopped but saved.I knew what hooked me was the shock of familiarity I felt—the way it revealed my childhood,my relationship with my mom,my love of books.However,as I was rediscovering those memories,my mother was losing all of hers.The writer Amadou Hamp té Ba once said that in Africa,whenever an old man dies,it is as though a library were burning down.But if you can take something from his or her internal collection and share it,it takes on a life of its own.
语篇解读: 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历,最终认识到了图书馆对她的价值,即它是承载无数记忆的地方。
4.What can be inferred about the author's childhood from Paragraph 1
A.She lived near a library.
B.She possessed a library.
C.She didn't borrow books from libraries.
D.She enjoyed visits to libraries.
D [考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Those visits were fantastic.The library might have been the first place where I was ever given autonomy(自主权).In the library,I could have anything I wanted”可推知,作者在孩童时期喜欢去图书馆。故选D。]
5.How did the author change after entering college
A.She lost her enthusiasm for reading.
B.She did not return books on time.
C.She quit the habit of going to libraries.
D.She wanted to buy books for her mom.
C [考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“I was wild about owning books”以及最后一句中的“I got annoyed and asked why she didn't just buy it”可知,作者上大学后,不再喜欢到图书馆借书了。故选C。]
6.What did the author rediscover when she walked into the library with her son
A.Her love of libraries.
B.Her delight in owning books.
C.Her lost memory of her mom.
D.Her familiarity with her mom.
A [考查推理判断。根据第四段第三句“I knew what hooked me was the shock of familiarity I felt—the way it revealed my childhood,my relationship with my mom,my love of books”可知,当作者和自己的儿子走进图书馆的时候,作者重拾了那些与图书馆相关的美好回忆,由此可推知,作者重新发现了自己对图书馆的喜爱。故选A。]
7.Which can be the title of this passage
A.The library—a world of knowledge
B.The library—a place of memory
C.The library—a busy place
D.The library—an old man
B [考查标题判断。文章讲述了作者通过“喜欢图书馆——疏远图书馆——重新发现对图书馆的喜爱”这样一段亲身经历,最终认识到了图书馆对她的价值,即它是承载无数记忆的地方。由此可知,B项适合作本文标题。]
C
(2021·福建省高三毕业班质量检查测试)
George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker,not an artist.Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure,Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist.For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs,tables,and cabinets.
Nakashima had a clear goal.He intended to make each piece of furniture as perfect as possible.Even making a box was an act of creation,because it produced an object that had never existed before.Initially Nakashima used local wood,sometimes from his own property.Later,he traveled to seek out English oak,Persian walnut,African zebrawood and Indian teak.He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was cut down.Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.
Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards,but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots(节疤) and cracks.These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a colourful life.
He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful.One early piece Nakashima designed was a three legged chair for his small daughter,Mira,to use when she sat at the table for meals.The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions.Another famous piece,the conoid chair,has two legs supported by bladelike feet.Always,Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful,marked by the simplicity that revealed his love for the wood.
As the years passed,Nakashima's reputation grew and he received many awards.His children Mira and Kevin,now adults,joined the team of craftspeople in their father's studio.Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true.
语篇解读: George Nakashima善于使用各种木材制作每一件尽可能完美的家具,尤其乐于用带节疤和裂纹的木材,他制作的每一件家具都既实用又美观,在他的影响下,他的孩子也开始从事这项工作。
8.Which of the following best describes Nakashima
A.Generous and outgoing.      B.Honest and simple.
C.Capable and friendly.      D.Creative and modest.
D [考查推理判断。根据第一段第一、二句“George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker,not an artist...Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist”可知,George Nakashima一直坚称自己只是个普通的木工,而不是艺术家。尽管各大博物馆都展出了他的作品,美国工艺博物馆负责人也称他为“国宝”,但他还是拒绝了“艺术家”的标签。据此可推知,George Nakashima是一个谦逊的人;又结合第四段讲述的他为小女儿制作的三条腿的椅子以及另一件著名的圆锥形椅子可推知,他是一个有创造力的人,故D项正确。]
9.Which of the following is true about Nakashima
A.His artworks made trees live again.
B.He always used precious wood materials.
C.His chairs were beautifully designed but useless.
D.He devoted himself to shaping wood.
D [考查推理判断。根据第一段尾句“For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs,tables,and cabinets”以及下文内容可推知,Nakashima致力于加工木料,故D项正确。]
10.What can we learn about Nakashima from the last two paragraphs
A.He loved his work and family.
B.He made chairs of the same style.
C.He sought for a simple life and art.
D.He was lost in researching the wood.
A [考查推理判断。根据第四段尾句“Always,Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful,marked by the simplicity that revealed his love for the wood”可知,Nakashima的设计精确而雅致,被赋予简单的特征,表现出他对木材的热爱,据此可以推断,他热爱他的工作;根据尾段尾句“Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true”可知,Nakashima实现了将工作和家庭融为一体的梦想,据此可以推断,Nakashima热爱他的家庭,故A项正确。]
11.What can be inferred about Mira and Kevin
A.They had an art studio of their own.
B.They still lacked the ability to create artworks.
C.They had a common interest with their father.
D.They enjoyed the same reputation with their father.
C [考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词Mira and Kevin定位至尾段,根据尾段第二句“His children Mira and Kevin,now adults,joined the team of craftspeople in their father's studio”可知,他的两个孩子Mira和Kevin现在已经长大成人,加入了父亲工作室的手工艺团队。据此可推知,Mira和Kevin和他们的父亲有着同样的爱好,故C项正确。]
D
(2021·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性测试)
There's one easy thing you can do every day to live longer and happier,according to a recent study,and it has nothing to do with diet,exercise,or cutting out bad habits.
A review of nearly 150 studies with more than 300,000 participants found that having active social circles decreases your chances of dying by 50 percent,regardless of age,gender or medical history.“When we're social,we live longer,” Dr.Kelli Harding noted.“Loneliness is more of a risk factor to health than other known risk factors,like high blood pressure and obesity.”
The findings are written up in Dr.Harding's new book,The Rabbit Effect,which is about how kindness,rather than laughter,may be the best medicine.The book gets its title from a famous 1978 study of the relationship between cholesterol(胆固醇) and heart health in rabbits.Researchers accidentally discovered that those rabbits that received the most affection from their human handlers lived much longer than the others.
We live in a world where most of our social interactions happen through our phones.But to get the health benefits of a more active social circle,you don't have to throw away your device and join a book club.More casual interactions with neighbors,shop owners,and others you meet every day can do_the_trick.Increasingly,those relationships can start online.That's where Nextdoor comes in.The stated purpose of the company is “to cultivate a kinder world where everyone has a neighborhood they can depend on”.
When asked for advice on one thing you can do to live longer and happier,Dr.Harding said it perfectly,“Be kind.It's actually pretty amazing how much each person can make the world a better,kinder,healthier place.It really takes very little and you never know the impact you have on somebody.”
语篇解读: 研究发现,孤独比高血压、肥胖等对人的健康危害大,而积极的社交活动能延长人的寿命。本文还介绍了成为友善的人能让人活得更久、更快乐。
12.What do we know about The Rabbit Effect
A.Its title comes from a study.
B.It's a report about heart health.
C.Laughter could cure diseases.
D.Rabbits could help live longer.
A [考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“The book gets its title from a famous 1978 study of the relationship between cholesterol(胆固醇)and heart health in rabbits”可知,《兔子效应》这本书的书名来自1978年所做的一项兔子中胆固醇和心脏健康的关系的研究,故A项正确。]
13.What's the purpose of Nextdoor
A.To advocate online shopping to save time.
B.To offer the neighborhood sports facilities.
C.To settle the arguments among the families.
D.To create a harmonious community to rely on.
D [考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“The stated purpose of the company is‘to cultivate a kinder world where everyone has a neighborhood they can depend on’”可知,Nextdoor的目的是建立一个更友善的世界,在那里每个人都有一个可以依靠的社区,故D项正确。]
14.What does the underlined phrase “do the trick” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Improve health and wellness.
B.Set up online relationships.
C.Build a happy and warm family.
D.Keep away from bad habits.
A [考查词义猜测。根据第四段第二句可知,为了从一个比较积极的社交圈中得到健康好处,你不用扔掉你的设备,加入一个书友会;结合第三句“More casual interactions with neighbors,shop owners,and others you meet every day can do the trick”可知,和邻居、商店店主以及你每天遇到的人较随意的互动可以改善健康。故A项正确。]
15.What can be inferred from Dr.Harding's words in the last paragraph
A.We can look for a kind neighborhood.
B.We should be kind to animals in the wild.
C.Every small act of kindness can make a difference.
D.All kinds of social activities can make a better world.
C [考查推理判断。根据尾段Dr.Harding所说的话“Be kind.It's actually pretty amazing...you never know the impact you have on somebody”可知,Dr.Harding告诫人们要善良,他认为每个人都能让世界变得更美好、更友善、更健康,而且只需要付出很少;你永远不知道你对某个人的影响。据此可以推知,每一个小的善举都会有作用,故C项正确。]
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断)
We usually interpret someone looking us straight in the eye during an interaction as a sign of trustworthiness.__1__ This is at least the case in the Western world.
But research is increasingly challenging this view.__2__ In a competitive environment where a negotiation is taking place,looking at another person directly in the eye can be a sign of competition and unkindness,rather than kindness.
While folk wisdom tells us eye contact is a sign of honesty and trustworthiness,these findings were not a surprise.Animals have direct eye contact not before engaging in kind behavior but rather immediately before an attack.__3__ We humans seem to be carrying this tradition by looking our opponent directly in the eye before we “attack”.
What does this mean for the workplace?In a competitive business environment,when taking part in negotiations or a business deal,for example,be aware that people who look you directly in the eye may not be as friendly as you think.__4__ In many Asian cultures,for example,looking a person of higher status in the eye is a sign of disrespect,while looking away signals respect.
__5__ And this must be fully understood.This means they most likely don't apply to social environments,such as spending time with friends,family or loved ones.In these cases,direct eye contact,often referred to as a “gaze”,can still be a sign of intimacy(亲密) and kindness.
A.This may help you understand eye contact much better.
B.Eye contact is a sign of a challenge and threat from another.
C.The study led by Jennifer Jordan shows quite the opposite.
D.All the experiments took place in a competitive environment.
E.We use eye contact as a marker of intimacy and straightforwardness.
F.Actually it can be rather upsetting when someone avoids eye contact.
G.If you want to express honesty and reliability,direct eye contact may indicate the opposite.
语篇解读: 在互动过程中,我们通常会将直视解读为值得信任的标志,但是有研究质疑了这一观点,指出在竞争环境中直视他人有可能是竞争和不友善的标志。但和亲密的人在一起时,直视仍是亲密的标志。
1.F [根据第二段开头But可知,第二段(表述一项研究指出在竞争环境中直视他人有可能是竞争和不友善的标志)与第一段形成逻辑上的转折关系,该空与前句则为顺承关系,前句说我们通常将直视解读为值得信任的标志,所以F项“实际上当有人避免目光接触时可能会相当令人不快”符合语境。]
2.C [空前一句提到有研究质疑了这一观点,空处应是对该研究的介绍,故C项承上启下,符合语境。]
3.B [空前一句提到动物不是在善意的行为前而是在攻击前才进行直接的目光接触,故B项“目光接触是来自于他人的挑战和威胁的标志”符合语境。]
4.G [空前一句提到在商业竞争环境中,直视他人的人可能是不友善的,空后一句提到直视地位较高的人是不尊重的表现,故G项“如果你想表达诚实和可靠,直接的目光接触可能意味着相反的情况”符合语境。]
5.D [根据空后的“they most likely don't apply to social environments”可知,D项中的“a competitive environment”与“social environments”形成对比,D项符合语境,故选D。]
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·开封市高三第一次模拟)
On a Monday morning,back in 2015,I remembered parking my car outside my doctor's clinic in Broadwater,Western Australia.I felt __1__ and I carefully practiced what I wanted to tell my doctor.Heartbreak,sorrow and the loss of a complete family left me not coping well.
I was __2__.I had tried to pick myself up,tried to throw myself into my work as an educator in before and after school care,and also tried to focus on my art.__3__ these efforts,my depression hadn't gone away.It kept __4__ like a cancer in my inner world.I wanted a normal __5__.I wanted to be as healthy as my son,Kai,who was __6__ me.I took a few deep breaths and went into the clinic for my __7__.
After I returned to my car,I shut the door and started __8__ uncontrollably.My doctor said I had severe depression.I needed to take antidepressants(抗抑郁药).I had to make some big __9__ to get better.
Still sobbing,I was __10__ to hear a knock on my car door.A slim lady with short fair hair __11__ opened it and began to speak calmly and kindly to me.“I don't know what you're __12__ right now.But know this,I wish you well.I believe you will be __13__ and what you are going through will pass,” she said.“Can I give you a hug?”
There I was,a weeping mess,__14__ accepting this kind stranger's comforting hug.All I __15__ to reply in a choked(哽咽的) voice was “Thank you”.
This was the most significant act of __16__ that I've ever experienced from a stranger.It gave me hope.My __17__ started right there.
About a year later,I bumped into the same kind __18__ at the opening of an art exhibition.She __19__ me and smiled.She said she could tell I was doing well.We __20__ again,and once more I could express my appreciation for her act.
语篇解读: 作者遭遇家庭变故后变得异常郁闷,去诊所看医生时,被医生诊断为严重抑郁。作者从诊所出来后坐在车里哭泣,一位陌生的女士安慰了作者并给了作者一个拥抱,作者从那时开始好转。一年后,作者再次偶遇那位女士,那位女士也认出了作者并对作者微笑,作者再次和那位女士拥抱并向她表达了自己的感激之情。
1.A.confident      B.proud
C.nervous      D.patient
C [根据空后的“I carefully practiced what I wanted to tell my doctor”可推知,作者在面对医生之前很紧张。]
2.A.ashamed      B.astonished
C.depressed      D.confused
C [根据上文中的“Heartbreak,sorrow and the loss of a complete family left me not coping well”可知,作者在这种情况下应是很沮丧,与下文“my depression hadn't gone away”呼应。ashamed“羞愧”;astonished“吃惊的”;depressed“抑郁的,沮丧的”;confused“迷惑的”。]
3.A.Without      B.Despite
C.Beyond      D.Through
B [根据空后的“my depression hadn't gone away”可知,尽管作出了这些努力,但作者的抑郁并没有消失。despite“尽管”。]
4.A.growing      B.surviving
C.moving      D.wandering
A [根据本句中的“like a cancer”,并结合下文作者失控大哭可知,此处表示抑郁像癌症一样在作者内心继续增长。]
5.A.excuse      B.life
C.job      D.reward
B [根据空后的“I wanted to be as healthy as my son”和语境可知,作者想要一种正常的生活。]
6.A.looking for      B.waiting for
C.walking around      D.depending on
D [根据上文中的“the loss of a complete family”可推知,作者的儿子是依靠作者生活的。]
7.A.school      B.neighborhood
C.house      D.appointment
D [根据上文的“I remembered parking my car outside my doctor's clinic”和语境可知,作者上文是在交代自己去看医生之前的心理状态和故事背景,此处表示作者深呼吸,然后进入诊所赴约。appointment“约定,预约”。]
8.A.coughing      B.weeping
C.laughing      D.shaking
B [根据下文的“Still sobbing”可知,作者看完医生后回到车里开始失控哭泣。]
9.A.preparations      B.comments
C.changes      D.contributions
C [根据本句中的“to get better”和语境可知,作者必须作出一些大的改变才能够有所改善。]
10.A.surprised      B.delighted
C.disappointed      D.excited
A [根据语境可知,一位陌生的女士来敲作者的车门,这让作者感到很意外。]
11.A.quickly      B.madly
C.gently      D.casually
C [结合本句中的“speak calmly and kindly to me”可知,那位女士应是轻轻地打开作者的车门。]
12.A.describing      B.observing
C.determining      D.experiencing
D [作为陌生人,那位女士并不了解作者正在经历的事情,与下文中的“what you are going through”呼应。]
13.A.left behind      B.looked after
C.called on      D.turned off
B [根据上文的“I wish you well”和上文作者去看医生可知,那位女士告诉作者,“我相信你将得到照顾,你正在经历的终将过去”。leave behind“把……抛在后面”;look after“照顾,照料”;call on“要求”;turn off“关掉”。]
14.A.calmly      B.eagerly
C.unwillingly      D.gratefully
D [根据下文的“Thank you”可推知,作者心怀感激地接受了这个陌生人给予的令人安慰的拥抱。eagerly“热切地”;unwillingly“不情愿地”;gratefully“感激地”。]
15.A.managed      B.decided
C.failed      D.attempted
A [根据语境可知,作者以哽咽的声音勉强回答了一句“谢谢你”。]
16.A.courage      B.kindness
C.wisdom      D.devotion
B [根据上文一位陌生的女士安慰作者并给了作者一个拥抱可知,此处表示这是作者经历的来自一个陌生人的最重要的善举。]
17.A.treatment      B.experiment
C.recovery      D.adventure
C [根据上文的“It gave me hope”和下文中的“She said she could tell I was doing well”可知,此处表示作者从那时开始恢复。recovery“恢复”。]
18.A.lady      B.doctor
C.educator      D.girl
A [根据上文的“A slim lady”和本句中的“the same”可推知,作者一年后又偶遇了那位女士。]
19.A.recognized      B.forgave
C.understood      D.comforted
A [根据本句中的“and smiled”和“She said she could tell I was doing well”可推知,那位女士也认出了作者。recognize“认出”。]
20.A.met      B.nodded
C.acted      D.hugged
D [根据本句中的“again”,并与上文的“accepting this kind stranger's comforting hug”呼应可推知,作者和那位女士再次拥抱。]
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·济宁市6月模拟)
Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that 1.________(appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.2.________(combine) music,song,dance and acrobatics(杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display,it is a 3.________(relative) new style of drama,compared to other types of Chinese theater.
In the early years of Peking Opera,all the actors were men,4.________ the roles of women played by young boys.The stories fell into two main 5.________(category)—wen,or civil theater,which focused on love,marriage and other civilian concerns,and wu,or military theater,which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions.
In the first half of the 6.________(twenty) century,the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang,7.________ played a key role in popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West.Additionally,Mei also took the bold step in taking on female students,which was 8.________ highly risky and unconventional step at the time.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China,Peking Opera performances,which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes,were encouraged.Despite 9.________(it) ups and downs,Peking Opera was revived(复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 10.________(perform) today.
语篇解读: 文章属于说明文,介绍了京剧的发展。
1.解析: 考查时态。根据时间状语“in the late 18th century”可知,此处陈述发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。
答案: appeared
2.解析: 考查非谓语动词。combine的逻辑主语为it,两者之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
答案: Combining
3.解析: 考查副词。应用副词修饰形容词new,故填relatively。
答案: relatively
4.解析: 考查介词。分析句子结构可知,此处为with复合结构。考查的结构形式为“with+名词+过去分词”,在句中作状语。
答案: with
5.解析: 考查名词单复数。根据空前的“two main”可知,此处应填所给名词的复数形式categories。
答案: categories
6.解析: 考查序数词。根据句意和空前的“the”可知,此处应用序数词,故填twentieth。
答案: twentieth
7.解析: 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为Mei Lanfang,故用who。
答案: who
8.解析: 考查冠词。此处表泛指,且highly以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。
答案: a
9.解析: 考查代词。Despite为介词,ups and downs意为“兴衰,浮沉”,为名词短语,故此处应用形容词性物主代词its。
答案: its
10.解析: 考查语态。perform与Peking Opera之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态,且空处位于不定式符号to之后,故填be performed。
答案: be performed
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)
Lucy,the 5th grader,has a love of writing letters.She wrote to her mailman to express her thanks in last week.“Doug,you may know me as a person who wrote lots of letters and decorates the envelopes too.I want thank you for taking my letters and delivering it.I make people happily with my letters,but you do too,” Lucy wrote.
The next day,Lucy got a letter from Doug thanking her for recognizing which he had done and the importances of his job.Feeling moved and inspiring,Doug shared Lucy's letter online.It received more than 200,000 likes.
答案:
Lucy, 5th grader,has a love of writing letters.She wrote to her mailman to express her thanks last week.“Doug,you may know me as a person who lots of letters and decorates the envelopes too.I want thank you for taking my letters and delivering .I make people with my letters, you do too,” Lucy wrote.
The next day,Lucy got a letter from Doug thanking her for recognizing he had done and the of his job.Feeling moved and ,Doug shared Lucy's letter online.It received more than 200,000 likes.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·长沙市高三统一模拟)
假设你是李华,目前在英国一所中学做交换生,得知学校书法俱乐部正在招收新成员。请你给俱乐部写一封自荐信,内容包括:
1.自我介绍及书法爱好;
2.加入后的打算,如传播中国文化等。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:书法calligraphy
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua,a Chinese exchange student studying in the school.After reading the announcement of the Calligraphy Club posted on the Internet,I immediately took a profound interest in it.I've been practising Chinese calligraphy for 10 years,and I have won first prize in a Chinese National Calligraphy Contest.What is more,I am good at Chinese painting as well.If I have a chance to join the club,I would set up a group for those who are interested in Chinese painting and share my experience in calligraphy and Chinese painting.
I hope I will be accepted as a member of your club.Look forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
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