Unit 14 Careers
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·6月济南市高三针对性训练)
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps pay part of the school fee.Here are four types of part time jobs that provide students with extra income.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs.Taco Bell，for instance，offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $25，000 award through its Live Más Scholarship.The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two or four year college.Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.
Work study
For years the Federal Work Study Program has allowed students to earn money through part time work.Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program.While these jobs aren't always on campus，students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour—the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship(实习期) can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation.According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers，nearly two thirds of paid interns received a job offer，while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
On demand jobs
The gig economy known for its flexible jobs can help students earn cash between classes.These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride booking services.Students can typically earn more through on demand work，ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
1．What are the applicants for the Federal Work Study Program required to do
A．Submit an application.
B．Work part time for years.
C．Accept the minimum wage.
D．Live and work on campus.
2．What is the advantage of on demand jobs
A．Providing scholarships.
B．Having a fixed workplace.
C．Including an extra award.
D．Offering more job options.
3．Which type is of great help for students to find a full time job
A．Jobs with employer scholarships.
B．On demand jobs.
C．Paid internships.
D．Work study.
B
(2021·威海市高考模拟)
When people think about British music，for the most part they think about the '60s or '70s with the likes of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones or more modern artists like Adele or Ed Sheeran.However，stuck between these two ages was，in my opinion，British music's best period.The '90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe，with the economy recovering from the lows of the '80s and the Cold War ending.
One of the defining features of the '90s music was the birth of “Britpop”．This was a style of pop music that aimed to promote “Britishness” and commonly featured electric guitars，drums and male singers.Britpop was the style used by world famous bands such as Oasis，Blur，Pulp and Suede who became known as “The Big Four”．The summer of 1995 was dominated by the “Battle of Britpop” which was between Blur and Oasis for the number one spot.Eventually，Blur won the battle and Oasis settled for second best.
However，the '90s weren't only for the boys，with major female groups also finding fame，the most well known of which were “The Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world.Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics，but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide.It isn't too far to assume that without their music，many female singers and artists who we love today would not have had the confidence to pursue their dream.
British music may have had many great times，however，the ' 90s are often overlooked.Although I was not alive to enjoy the music properly，the '90s had a huge impact on British culture that can be felt today and I feel that the decade should get the recognition it deserves!
4．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．The Cold War came to an end in the '80s.
B．Britain's economy began to pick up in the '90s.
C．The Beatles represented the best British music.
D．Adele is better than Ed Sheeran in modern music.
5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Britpop. B．Britishness.
C．The Big Four. D．The Battle of Britpop.
6．What's the most important influence of “The Spice Girls” according to the text
A．Promoting “Britishness”．
B．Empowering girls and women.
C．Creating catchy melodies.
D．Finding fame for female groups.
7．The writer thinks the impact of the ' 90s music on British culture is ________．
A．underestimated B．well recognized
C．fairly evaluated D．reasonably doubted
C
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture(针刺疗法)，means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body—usually at acupoints(穴位)—to restore the yin yang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法)，which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID 19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
8．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．TCM. B．Acupuncture.
C．Yin yang balance. D．Moxibustion.
9．What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
10．What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID 19.
11．What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
D
(2021·山西省六校高三第一次阶段测试)
More than half of working Africans have jobs in agriculture，but inadequate tools and a lack of investment have left the continent's mostly small farms struggling to feed a growing population.Now，a wave of technological solutions is aiming to help.
Esther Usman，from Kaduna State，Northwest Nigeria，has been growing corn since she was 17，when she dropped out of school to support her family after her father's death.Two decades on，she was struggling.She often lay awake at night worrying about how to feed and educate her children.At times，money ran so low that she was forced to sell her crop for a bit.
“If my farm was affected by pests，I could only afford to buy a small amount of pesticide，which was usually not effective.And corn in storage is often lost to moisture(潮气) and pests，which is a big problem，” says Usman，now 38.
In 2017，Usman joined Babban Gona，a social enterprise that acts as a farmers' partner and offers farmers credit，training and other support.It was launched in 2012 with 102 farmers，and now works with 20，000.Field officers employed by Babban Gona photograph its farmers' fields.An app reviews the photos，evaluating the germination(发芽) rate and seeing if the soil needs nutrients based on leaf colors.The field officers step in to warn farmers of any problems they find and advise on possible solutions.Some farmers have increased their yields(产量) by 50 percent.
Once the corn is harvested，Babban Gona stores it in sealed containers and aims to sell it at the right time to maximize the farmers' profits.The payments Usman receives from Babban Gona allow her to invest in a cow，to buy new clothes for her family，and to build a house.
12．What can Usman be described in her early life
A．Active but unskilled.
B．Responsible and wise.
C．Hardworking but penniless.
D．Pained and unambitious.
13．What was the challenge for Usman after harvesting corn
A．Selling it.
B．Reserving it.
C．Killing pests on the farm.
D．Feeding and educating her children.
14．How do the field officers work in Babban Gona
A．They evaluate the photos of crops.
B．They lend money to needy farmers.
C．They send photos taken by farmers to an app.
D．They serve as a bridge between farmers and it.
15．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Technology helps African farmers live better.
B．A company supports African farmers.
C．Farming in Africa is faced with a difficult situation.
D．African farmers invent smart farming.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测)
So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home，putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same old job.__1__ And while it's perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine，there's much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones.
There is no exception to a man aged 53.__2__ He knew it was going to be hard to find another job.He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant.But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work.
__3__ He didn't want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself.Also，Mrs.Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on，considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.
__4__ Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease(租约).__5__ But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day.He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.After that，he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee，and made it alive.Eighteen years later，they're still there and doing better than ever.Brian says he's extremely grateful for the decision to make a change.
A．Then came the opportunity.
B．The thought filled him with anxiety.
C.That was exactly what Brian needed.
D.Even our New Year's decisions to change hardly make it.
E．With the support of his family，he took a job in the local cafe.
F．Several weeks after consideration，he decided to have a change.
G.Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·“四省八校”高三第二次质量检测)
My son Leon's passion for surfing began at the age of 13.After school each day，he put on his wet suit and swam out to challenge his __1__．
One afternoon，my husband Wilson was informed that Leon's eye got badly __2__ by his board.
Wilson rushed Leon to the __3__ room.He received 26 stitches(缝线)from the corner of his eye to the bridge of his nose.
I was flying home while Leon's eye was being stitched.Wilson drove __4__ to the airport after they left the doctor's office.He greeted me at the gate，saying Leon was waiting in the __5__．
“Leon？” I thought the waves must have been __6__ that day.
“He's been in an accident，but he's going to be __7__．”
A traveling working mother's worst nightmare had come true.I __8__ to the car so fast that the heel of my shoe broke off.And I saw my youngest son having a patch over his __9__ and leaning toward me __10__，“Oh，Ma，I'm so glad you're home.”
I cried in his arms telling him how __11__ I felt about not being there.
“It's okay，Mom，” he comforted me.“You don't know how to surf __12__．”
“What？” I asked，__13__ by his logic.
“I'll be fine.The doctor says I can go back in the __14__ in eight days.”
I wanted to tell him he wasn't allowed to go near water again，but instead I __15__ my tongue，hoping he would forget about __16__．
For the next seven days he kept pressing me to let him surf again.“Mom，you taught us never to __17__ what we love.” After __18__ “No” for the 100th time，finally I gave in.
Back then Leon was just a boy with a(n) __19__ for surfing.Now he's a man with a strong sense of responsibility，ranking among the top 25 professional surfers in the world.
Passionate people __20__ what they love and never give up.
1．A.teachers B．companions
C．relatives D．parents
2．A.injured B．infected
C．influenced D．worsened
3．A.laboratory B．reception
C．observation D．emergency
4．A.simply B．normally
C．directly D．gradually
5．A.car B．room
C．hall D．counter
6．A.favorable B．terrible
C．smooth D．brilliant
7．A.competent B．impatient
C．fine D．wrong
8．A.flew B．ran
C．crawled D．jumped
9．A.eye B．jaw
C．cheek D．forehead
10．A.approving B．arguing
C．crying D．blaming
11．A.astonished B．fortunate
C．privileged D．awful
12．A.anywhere B．somewhat
C．somehow D．anyway
13．A.embarrassed B．frustrated
C．confused D．depressed
14．A.home B．school
C．water D．game
15．A.bit B．clicked
C．found D．loosened
16．A.performing B．reciting
C．learning D．surfing
17．A.give out B．give up
C．give off D．give away
18．A.declaring B．repeating
C．responding D．criticizing
19．A.passion B．inspiration
C．awareness D．expectation
20．A.claim B．forgive
C．convince D．hug
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·山西省八校高三第一次联考)
The New York City Police Department(NYPD) has a new way to figure out if citizens feel safe.The department is using something 1.________(call) a “sentiment(情绪)meter”，which asks people whether they feel safe in their neighborhood and whether the police are 2.________(responsibility)in their mind.
“This is a huge problem here.All the crime numbers that we want are easy 3.________(lay) out，but unless people feel safe，we're not doing our job 4.________(entire)，”Commissioner James P．O'Neill told the newspaper.A company hired by the NYPD 5.________(take) advantage of social media platforms to survey up to 7，500 New Yorkers.Survey questions included：“Do the police officers in my neighborhood treat local people 6.________ respect？” and “Do the police in my neighborhood listen and take the concerns of local people into 7.________(consider)？” The results showed that 6.6 out of 10 New Yorkers trusted the police.
“We want to figure out 8.________you don't feel safe in your neighborhood，” O'Neill said.“Maybe it is a quality?of?life condition that isn't being addressed.Maybe it's abandoned 9.________(vehicle).Maybe there are other problems going on.”The NYPD hopes in 10.________long term the information can be used to tailor manpower to each police station in the city.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·郑州高三第一次质检)
The first foreign language I never learnt was French，but it didn't go very well.My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven.French wasn't his native languages，but he used to live in France，so he could speak a little.However，I learnt very little until I didn't feel it related to my daily life anyway.When I entered into a senior high school，my attitude to language learning changed.I decided to learn Latin，that I've always been interested in because I want to study law.Learning Latin wasn't a struggle for myself for this reason.Soon I begin to read classics in Latin.Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·江西省五校协作体高三模拟)
假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“我们的地球，我们的家”(Our Earth，Our Home)的环保创意活动。请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容(照片展、环保海报等)；
3．期待Peter参加。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
17Unit 14 Careers
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·6月济南市高三针对性训练)
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps pay part of the school fee.Here are four types of part time jobs that provide students with extra income.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs.Taco Bell，for instance，offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $25，000 award through its Live Más Scholarship.The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two or four year college.Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.
Work study
For years the Federal Work Study Program has allowed students to earn money through part time work.Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program.While these jobs aren't always on campus，students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour—the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship(实习期) can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation.According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers，nearly two thirds of paid interns received a job offer，while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
On demand jobs
The gig economy known for its flexible jobs can help students earn cash between classes.These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride booking services.Students can typically earn more through on demand work，ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以为大学生提供额外收入以支付部分学费的四种兼职工作。
1．What are the applicants for the Federal Work Study Program required to do
A．Submit an application.
B．Work part time for years.
C．Accept the minimum wage.
D．Live and work on campus.
A [考查细节理解。根据Work study部分的第二句“Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Federal Student Aid may be qualified for the program”可知，年龄在16—24岁之间提交联邦学生援助免费申请的学生，才有资格参加这个项目。故选A。]
2．What is the advantage of on demand jobs
A．Providing scholarships.
B．Having a fixed workplace.
C．Including an extra award.
D．Offering more job options.
D [考查细节理解。根据On demand jobs部分的第二句“These on demand jobs include completing small jobs，making deliveries or even driving for ride bookings services”可知，这些兼职工作包括完成小任务或送货等。故选D。]
3．Which type is of great help for students to find a full time job
A．Jobs with employer scholarships.
B．On demand jobs.
C．Paid internships.
D．Work study.
C [考查细节理解。根据Paid internships部分的第一句“A paid internship(实习期)can not only help students pay for college but also can open doors for full time work after graduation”可知，带薪实习也为毕业后的全职工作打开大门。故选C。]
B
(2021·威海市高考模拟)
When people think about British music，for the most part they think about the '60s or '70s with the likes of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones or more modern artists like Adele or Ed Sheeran.However，stuck between these two ages was，in my opinion，British music's best period.The '90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe，with the economy recovering from the lows of the '80s and the Cold War ending.
One of the defining features of the '90s music was the birth of “Britpop”．This was a style of pop music that aimed to promote “Britishness” and commonly featured electric guitars，drums and male singers.Britpop was the style used by world famous bands such as Oasis，Blur，Pulp and Suede who became known as “The Big Four”．The summer of 1995 was dominated by the “Battle of Britpop” which was between Blur and Oasis for the number one spot.Eventually，Blur won the battle and Oasis settled for second best.
However，the '90s weren't only for the boys，with major female groups also finding fame，the most well known of which were “The Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world.Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics，but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide.It isn't too far to assume that without their music，many female singers and artists who we love today would not have had the confidence to pursue their dream.
British music may have had many great times，however，the ' 90s are often overlooked.Although I was not alive to enjoy the music properly，the '90s had a huge impact on British culture that can be felt today and I feel that the decade should get the recognition it deserves!
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了90年代的英国音乐及其对英国文化产生的巨大影响。
4．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．The Cold War came to an end in the '80s.
B．Britain's economy began to pick up in the '90s.
C．The Beatles represented the best British music.
D．Adele is better than Ed Sheeran in modern music.
B [考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The '90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe，with the economy recovering from the lows of the '80s and the Cold War ending”可知，90年代是英国乃至欧洲的乐观时期，在这个时期经济从80年代的低点开始复苏，故选B。pick up在此处表示“改进，提高，好转”。]
5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Britpop. B．Britishness.
C．The Big Four. D．The Battle of Britpop.
A [考查段落大意。通过分析第二段的结构可知，段首句为主题句，其后句子为主题的延伸和拓展。首句“One of the defining features of the '90s music was the birth of ‘Britpop’”的中心词为Britpop，故本段主要围绕Britpop展开。]
6．What's the most important influence of “The Spice Girls” according to the text
A．Promoting “Britishness”．
B．Empowering girls and women.
C．Creating catchy melodies.
D．Finding fame for female groups.
B [考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“but they also started the ‘Girl Power’movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide...their dream”可知，“辣妹”组合还发起了“女孩力量”运动，帮助增加全世界女孩和妇女的自主权，故选B。]
7．The writer thinks the impact of the ' 90s music on British culture is ________．
A．underestimated B．well recognized
C．fairly evaluated D．reasonably doubted
A [考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“British music may have had many great times，however，the '90s are often overlooked”可知，作者认为英国音乐可能有很多伟大的时代，但90年代的音乐往往没有被给予应有的重视。故选A。]
C
(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture(针刺疗法)，means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body—usually at acupoints(穴位)—to restore the yin yang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法)，which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID 19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇说明文。首先介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，随后指出中医正在获得世界范围内的认可，且因其在提高新冠肺炎治愈率上的有效性而重新出现在新闻中。
8．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．TCM. B．Acupuncture.
C．Yin yang balance. D．Moxibustion.
B [词义猜测题。第三段第一句讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容，根据语境可知，此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法，故It指的是Acupuncture。]
9．What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，第一部明确谈到针刺疗法和灸法的文献就是《黄帝内经》，它是最早和最重要的中医书面著作，并被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本，故选D“它极大地促进了中医的发展”。]
10．What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID 19.
A [考查理解写作目的的能力。文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，后面说中医正逐渐受到世界范围内的认可，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是向世人介绍中医。]
11．What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
C [推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，因其在提高治愈率上的成效，中医再次出现在新闻当中，故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开，故选C。]
D
(2021·山西省六校高三第一次阶段测试)
More than half of working Africans have jobs in agriculture，but inadequate tools and a lack of investment have left the continent's mostly small farms struggling to feed a growing population.Now，a wave of technological solutions is aiming to help.
Esther Usman，from Kaduna State，Northwest Nigeria，has been growing corn since she was 17，when she dropped out of school to support her family after her father's death.Two decades on，she was struggling.She often lay awake at night worrying about how to feed and educate her children.At times，money ran so low that she was forced to sell her crop for a bit.
“If my farm was affected by pests，I could only afford to buy a small amount of pesticide，which was usually not effective.And corn in storage is often lost to moisture(潮气) and pests，which is a big problem，” says Usman，now 38.
In 2017，Usman joined Babban Gona，a social enterprise that acts as a farmers' partner and offers farmers credit，training and other support.It was launched in 2012 with 102 farmers，and now works with 20，000.Field officers employed by Babban Gona photograph its farmers' fields.An app reviews the photos，evaluating the germination(发芽) rate and seeing if the soil needs nutrients based on leaf colors.The field officers step in to warn farmers of any problems they find and advise on possible solutions.Some farmers have increased their yields(产量) by 50 percent.
Once the corn is harvested，Babban Gona stores it in sealed containers and aims to sell it at the right time to maximize the farmers' profits.The payments Usman receives from Babban Gona allow her to invest in a cow，to buy new clothes for her family，and to build a house.
语篇解读： 文章以Esther Usman为例介绍了非洲农民在科技的帮助下生活状况得以改善的情况。
12．What can Usman be described in her early life
A．Active but unskilled.
B．Responsible and wise.
C．Hardworking but penniless.
D．Pained and unambitious.
C [考查推理判断。根据第二段内容可推断，Usman在早年间虽然努力工作但过着贫穷的生活。]
13．What was the challenge for Usman after harvesting corn
A．Selling it.
B．Reserving it.
C．Killing pests on the farm.
D．Feeding and educating her children.
B [考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“And corn in storage is often lost to moisture(潮气) and pests，which is a big problem”可知，Usman说储藏中的玉米经常会因为潮气和害虫而坏掉，因此对她来说收完玉米后的储存是个问题，即储存玉米是一个挑战。故答案为B。]
14．How do the field officers work in Babban Gona
A．They evaluate the photos of crops.
B．They lend money to needy farmers.
C．They send photos taken by farmers to an app.
D．They serve as a bridge between farmers and it.
D [考查推理判断。根据第四段中对field officers的工作内容的介绍“Field officers employed by Babban Gona photograph its farmers' fields...The field officers step in to warn farmers of any problems they find and advise on possible solutions”可知，Babban Gona雇用的田地工作人员对农民的田地进行拍照，一个应用程序审核这些照片并评估这些照片中的农作物，而后田地工作人员告诉农民他们发现的任何问题，并就可能的解决方案提出建议。由此可推知，田地工作人员充当了农民和这个公司之间的桥梁。]
15．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Technology helps African farmers live better.
B．A company supports African farmers.
C．Farming in Africa is faced with a difficult situation.
D．African farmers invent smart farming.
A [考查主旨大意。本文以Esther Usman为例介绍了科技帮助非洲农民改善生活状况，故答案为A。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测)
So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home，putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same old job.__1__ And while it's perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine，there's much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones.
There is no exception to a man aged 53.__2__ He knew it was going to be hard to find another job.He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant.But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work.
__3__ He didn't want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself.Also，Mrs.Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on，considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.
__4__ Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease(租约).__5__ But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day.He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.After that，he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee，and made it alive.Eighteen years later，they're still there and doing better than ever.Brian says he's extremely grateful for the decision to make a change.
A．Then came the opportunity.
B．The thought filled him with anxiety.
C.That was exactly what Brian needed.
D.Even our New Year's decisions to change hardly make it.
E．With the support of his family，he took a job in the local cafe.
F．Several weeks after consideration，he decided to have a change.
G.Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了失业的Brian在太太的鼓励和支持下，创办了自己的咖啡店，实现了自己的梦想。
1．D [考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“我们每天都在同一个家醒来，穿上同样的衣服，乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作”可知，我们的生活总是一成不变；而空后一句“虽然人类坚持常规是非常自然的，但在我们的舒适区之外，还有很多东西等着我们去发现”则讲到了人们可以做出改变，因此空处讲到的应该是做出改变有多难，故D项符合语境。]
2．G [考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句“他知道很难再找到一份工作”可知，空处讲到的应该是他失业了，所以G项符合语境。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。空前一段讲到了Brian失业之后失落的状态，空后则讲到了他不愿无所事事，他的太太也鼓励他努力向前，所以F项“经过考虑，几周后他决定做出改变”符合语境。]
4．A [考查上下文衔接。上文讲到了Brian的太太鼓励他创造属于自己的事业，而空后一句则讲到了Brian在离家八个街区远的地方找到了他想要的东西——一个现成的咖啡馆，据此可知，空处讲到的应该是做出改变的机会来了，故A项符合语境。]
5．C [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了一个现成的咖啡馆表现不佳，老板也不愿意再干了，空后一句则讲到了但是他没有足够的钱面对这一天，所以空处讲到的应该是面前这个机会就是他想要的，故C项符合语境。]
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021·“四省八校”高三第二次质量检测)
My son Leon's passion for surfing began at the age of 13.After school each day，he put on his wet suit and swam out to challenge his __1__．
One afternoon，my husband Wilson was informed that Leon's eye got badly __2__ by his board.
Wilson rushed Leon to the __3__ room.He received 26 stitches(缝线)from the corner of his eye to the bridge of his nose.
I was flying home while Leon's eye was being stitched.Wilson drove __4__ to the airport after they left the doctor's office.He greeted me at the gate，saying Leon was waiting in the __5__．
“Leon？” I thought the waves must have been __6__ that day.
“He's been in an accident，but he's going to be __7__．”
A traveling working mother's worst nightmare had come true.I __8__ to the car so fast that the heel of my shoe broke off.And I saw my youngest son having a patch over his __9__ and leaning toward me __10__，“Oh，Ma，I'm so glad you're home.”
I cried in his arms telling him how __11__ I felt about not being there.
“It's okay，Mom，” he comforted me.“You don't know how to surf __12__．”
“What？” I asked，__13__ by his logic.
“I'll be fine.The doctor says I can go back in the __14__ in eight days.”
I wanted to tell him he wasn't allowed to go near water again，but instead I __15__ my tongue，hoping he would forget about __16__．
For the next seven days he kept pressing me to let him surf again.“Mom，you taught us never to __17__ what we love.” After __18__ “No” for the 100th time，finally I gave in.
Back then Leon was just a boy with a(n) __19__ for surfing.Now he's a man with a strong sense of responsibility，ranking among the top 25 professional surfers in the world.
Passionate people __20__ what they love and never give up.
语篇解读： 作者的儿子酷爱冲浪，在一次冲浪中眼睛不慎被滑板撞伤，从眼角到鼻梁被缝了26针。作者不想让他去冲浪，但是他对此坚持不懈，最后成了世界排名前25位的职业冲浪者。作者通过这件事告诉我们：具有强烈信念的人会拥抱自己所热爱的事物且从不放弃。
1．A.teachers B．companions
C．relatives D．parents
B [根据语境并结合选项可推知，Leon每天放学后都会去挑战他的同伴；B项意为“同伴”，故B项正确。]
2．A.injured B．infected
C．influenced D．worsened
A [根据空后的“by his board”以及下文中的“He received 26 stitches(缝线)”可知，Leon的眼睛被冲浪板严重撞伤；A项意为“弄伤”；故A项正确。B项意为“传染，使感染”；D项意为“变得更糟”。]
3．A.laboratory B．reception
C．observation D．emergency
D [根据上文可知，Leon的眼睛被冲浪板撞伤；此处应是Wilson迅速将 Leon送往急救室，故D项正确。B项意为“接待处”；C项意为“观察”。]
4．A.simply B．normally
C．directly D．gradually
C [根据空后表述的Wilson去机场门口接作者而Leon在车里等着可知，他们离开医生的办公室后，Wilson径直开车去机场。C项意为“径直地”，故C项正确。]
5．A.car B．room
C．hall D．counter
A [根据下文中的“to the car”可知，Leon在车子里等待，故A项正确。]
6．A.favorable B．terrible
C．smooth D．brilliant
B [根据上文表述的Leon热爱冲浪，且每天放学后都去冲浪可知，作者认为当时的波浪一定很大，Leon才会不去冲浪而来接她，故B项正确。]
7．A.competent B．impatient
C．fine D．wrong
C [根据该句中的but，并结合上文表述的Leon从眼角到鼻梁被缝了26针可知，虽然Leon发生了事故，但是他会好起来的，故C项正确。competent“足以胜任的，有能力的”。]
8．A.flew B．ran
C．crawled D．jumped
B [根据该句中的“the heel of my shoe broke off”，并结合语境可知，作者快速地跑向汽车，连鞋跟都跑断了，故B项正确。]
9．A.eye B．jaw
C．cheek D．forehead
A [根据上文表述的Leon从眼角到鼻梁被缝了26针可知，Leon的一只眼戴着眼罩，故A项正确。]
10．A.approving B．arguing
C．crying D．blaming
C [根据下文中的“I cried in his arms”，并结合语境可知，Leon大声说“噢，妈妈，我很高兴你回家了”，故C项正确。]
11．A.astonished B．fortunate
C．privileged D．awful
D [根据该句中的“I cried in his arms”并结合上文叙述的作者儿子的眼睛被冲浪板撞伤可知，此处应是作者大声说当时不在场自己有多难受，D项意为“难受的”，故D项正确。C项意为“有特权的”。]
12．A.anywhere B．somewhat
C．somehow D．anyway
D [根据语境可知，Leon对作者说“反正你不知道如何冲浪”，D项意为“反正”，符合语境，故D项正确。B项意为“稍微，有点”；C项意为“不知怎么地”。]
13．A.embarrassed B．frustrated
C．confused D．depressed
C [上文表述作者对儿子冲浪时出事而自己不在场表示难受，而作者的儿子却说没关系，反正作者不知道如何冲浪；又结合空前的“What？”可知，作者被他的逻辑搞糊涂了；C项意为“糊涂的”，故C项正确。B项意为“沮丧”；D项意为“抑郁的”。]
14．A.home B．school
C．water D．game
C [根据下文中的“to go near water again”可知，Leon说“医生说我八天后可以回到水中”，故C项正确。]
15．A.bit B．clicked
C．found D．loosened
A [根据空前的“I wanted to tell him he wasn't allowed to go near water again，but instead”可知，作者想告诉Leon不许再靠近水，但作者忍着没有说出来。bite one's tongue为固定搭配，意为“强忍住不说”，故A项正确。click sb.'s tongue“用舌头发出啧啧声”；find sb.'s tongue“能表达自己的意见”；loosen sb.'s tongue“使无拘束地说话”。]
16．A.performing B．reciting
C．learning D．surfing
D [根据上文可知，作者的儿子酷爱冲浪；结合该句中的“hoping he would forget about”可知，作者希望儿子忘掉冲浪的事，故D项正确。]
17．A.give out B．give up
C．give off D．give away
B [根据语境以及下文中的“give up”可知，Leon说“妈妈，你教育我们绝不放弃喜欢做的事情”。B项意为“放弃”，故B项正确。A项意为“发布，发出”；C项意为“放出，发出”；D项意为“分发，泄露”。]
18．A.declaring B．repeating
C．responding D．criticizing
B [根据该句中的“for the 100th time”可知，在第100遍重复“不行”之后，作者选择了让步。]
19．A.passion B．inspiration
C．awareness D．expectation
A [根据文章首句中的“My son Leon's passion for surfing”，并结合语境可知，以前那个时候Leon只是一个酷爱冲浪的男孩，故A项正确。]
20．A.claim B．forgive
C．convince D．hug
D [根据上文表述的作者的儿子酷爱冲浪，受伤后也不放弃可知，此处总结全文，表示具有强烈信念的人会拥抱他们所热爱的事物，从不放弃。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·山西省八校高三第一次联考)
The New York City Police Department(NYPD) has a new way to figure out if citizens feel safe.The department is using something 1.________(call) a “sentiment(情绪)meter”，which asks people whether they feel safe in their neighborhood and whether the police are 2.________(responsibility)in their mind.
“This is a huge problem here.All the crime numbers that we want are easy 3.________(lay) out，but unless people feel safe，we're not doing our job 4.________(entire)，”Commissioner James P．O'Neill told the newspaper.A company hired by the NYPD 5.________(take) advantage of social media platforms to survey up to 7，500 New Yorkers.Survey questions included：“Do the police officers in my neighborhood treat local people 6.________ respect？” and “Do the police in my neighborhood listen and take the concerns of local people into 7.________(consider)？” The results showed that 6.6 out of 10 New Yorkers trusted the police.
“We want to figure out 8.________you don't feel safe in your neighborhood，” O'Neill said.“Maybe it is a quality?of?life condition that isn't being addressed.Maybe it's abandoned 9.________(vehicle).Maybe there are other problems going on.”The NYPD hopes in 10.________long term the information can be used to tailor manpower to each police station in the city.
语篇解读： 文章介绍了纽约警察局调查民情的新方法。
1．解析： 考查非谓语动词。call与something是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处表示动作已经完成，故用过去分词called。
答案： called
2．解析： 考查形容词。在他们心目中，警察是否可靠。根据语境和空前的are可知，此处应该用形容词作表语。responsible“可靠的，可信赖的”。
答案： responsible
3．解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是名词/代词＋be＋形容词＋to do结构，do和主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，但是不定式要用主动形式表示被动含义。
答案： to lay
4．解析： 考查副词。除非人们感觉安全，否则我们没有完全尽到我们的职责。此处用副词修饰动词。
答案： entirely
5．解析： 考查动词的时态。根据语境和下文所用的一般过去时可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
答案： took
6．解析： 考查介词。小区的警察是怀有敬意地对待当地的住户的吗？with在此表示“带着，怀有”。
答案： with
7．解析： 考查名词。此处是take...into consideration“考虑到”短语。注意：切不可看到into就以为此处填动词的?ing 形式。
答案： consideration
8．解析： 考查名词性从句。根据下文提到的一些原因可知，此处表示“我们想要搞清楚你们为什么感觉不安全”。宾语从句中表示为什么，所以用why引导。
答案： why
9．解析： 考查名词单复数。或许是废弃的汽车。虽然主语是it，但是它指代的是一种原因，而vehicle是可数名词，空前无冠词，故用复数表类指。
答案： vehicles
10．解析： 考查冠词。in the long term“从长远来看”，所以用the。
答案： the
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·郑州高三第一次质检)
The first foreign language I never learnt was French，but it didn't go very well.My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven.French wasn't his native languages，but he used to live in France，so he could speak a little.However，I learnt very little until I didn't feel it related to my daily life anyway.When I entered into a senior high school，my attitude to language learning changed.I decided to learn Latin，that I've always been interested in because I want to study law.Learning Latin wasn't a struggle for myself for this reason.Soon I begin to read classics in Latin.Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world.
答案：
The first foreign language I learnt was French，but it didn't go very well.My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven.French wasn't his native ，but he used to live in France，so he could speak a little.However，I learnt very little I didn't feel it related to my daily life anyway.When I entered a senior high school，my attitude to language learning changed.I decided to learn Latin， I've always been interested in because I want to study law.Learning Latin wasn't a struggle for for this reason.Soon I to read classics in Latin. those books opened a window for me to another world gave me a new point of view on my own world.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·江西省五校协作体高三模拟)
假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“我们的地球，我们的家”(Our Earth，Our Home)的环保创意活动。请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：
1．活动时间和地点；
2．活动内容(照片展、环保海报等)；
3．期待Peter参加。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
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Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Peter，
Our school will hold an environmental creative activity entitled “Our Earth，Our Home” in our school's stadium this Sunday.I sincerely invite you to take part in it.
This activity aims at improving students' environmental protection awareness and urging students to take effective action to protect our earth.Various activities will be held.For example，you will enjoy a photo show which displays students' efforts to gather and classify the rubbish.The process of recycling waste materials will tell us how to deal with the waste materials.The posters of environmental protection will arouse students' interest in protecting our earth.We also welcome students to put forward more creative methods to make this activity more interesting.
I'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
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