2022年人教版中考英语三年重点语法-（初二部分）5.原级，比较级和最高级的讲解与练习

中考三年重点语法-初二部分
五．原级，比较级和最高级讲解与练习（适用于初二 初三）
原级
“甲+动词+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”
“甲+动词+not +as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…即，as…as 既可用于肯定句也可用于否定句，但so…as只能用于否定句
比较级
用于两者之间的比较
最高级
用于三者及以上的比较
比较级和最高级变化规则
情况 构成方法 例词
单音节词和少数双音节词 small ---smaller --- the smallest
以不发音的e字母结尾 late --- later --- the latest
以辅音字母加y结尾 easy --- easier --- the easiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 big --- bigger --- the biggest
部分双音节词和多音节词 important --- more important --- the most important
以ly结尾的副词，-ing，-ed 结尾的形容词 interesting-more interesting-the most interesting
不规则变化 　bad/ill/badly-worse-worst
五．比较级的用法
①“A+be+形容词的比较级+than+B” A比B更…….
The tree is taller than that one.
②“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级” 越来越……
It becomes warmer and warmer.
③含有or的选择疑问句中，若两者之间选择，则用比较级。
Who is taller,Tom or Mary
④“the+ 比较级…..,the+比较级” 越来越……
The more money you make, the more you spend.
⑤倍数的用法
同级比较
“A is as+形容词原级+as B.” A和B一样…
倍数比较
a)“A is +倍数 the size/height/length/width of B”
The new building is three times the height of the old one.
（新楼比旧楼高三倍。）
b)“A is +倍数as big/high/long/wide/large as B.”
The new building is three times as high as the old one.
（新楼是旧楼的三倍大=新楼比旧楼高两倍。）
c)“A is+倍数larger/higher/longer/wider than B.”
The new building is three times higher than the old one.
（新楼比旧楼大三倍。）
最高级的用法
①“主语+动词+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of/among短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。
例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.
汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
______________________________________这个苹果是五个当中最大的。
②“主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
____________________________________北京是中国最大城市之一。
③“特殊疑问词+动词+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。
例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
④表示“第二、第三……”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, …”（但“第一”习惯上不能用first通常用最高级来表示）
______________________________________________长江是世界第三长河。
形容词最高级前必须加the， 副词最高级前常省略the
当最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。如：
He is our/ Jim’s best friend.
Li Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class.
七.比较级表示最高级
“A+动词+比较级+than+ any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。
=“A+动词+比较级+than+ the other +复数名词(+介词短语)”
=“A+动词+the+最高级+单数名词(+介词短语)”
“A+动词+比较级+than+ any +单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比不同范围的任何一个人/物都……”，
Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class ( × )　
正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.__________________________________________________==_____________________________=Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.
China is bigger than _______________ country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。
　 China is bigger than ______________ country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。
________________________________迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学高。
八．能修饰比较级的词：
A bit ,a little ,rather ,much ,far ,by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even…..
练习1.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Luke’s shoes are __________(dirty) today than they were yesterday.
—Jack, how are you feeling today
—Much __________(good). I think I can go to school tomorrow.
Of all the film stars, who do you think is __________(popular)
Who is __________(beautiful), Madonna or Sophia
—It’s warm today, Mary.
—Yes. It will be even __________(warm) tomorrow. We can wear light summer clothes.
Everybody knows that Kevin is __________(strong) than Alan.
David is __________(tall) student in our class. Nobody is taller than him.
—It’s one of the __________(happy) things in the world to stay with friends.
—I agree. It always makes us relaxed.
Jack thinks Maths is __________(interesting) than English. So he joins the English Club.
This house is __________(beautiful) of all. So nobody likes it.
练习2.同义句转换。
Today’s English test is easier than last week’s English test.
Last week’s English test is __________ __________ __________ today’s English test.
Football is more popular than any other sport in the world.
Football is __________ __________ __________ sport in the world.
Bikes are cheaper than cars.
Bikes are __________ __________ __________ cars.
Jane is fatter than her twin sister.
Jane’s twin sister is __________ __________ Jane.
My sister is the same height as me.
My sister is __________ __________ __________ me.
Light travels faster than sound.
Sound travels __________ __________ than light.
Pasta cooked best of all the cooks in the restaurant.
Pasta cooked __________ __________ other cooks in the restaurant.
Tom studies less carefully than Jack.
Jack studies __________ __________ than Tom.
Suzy doesn’t dance as beautifully as Susan.
Susan dances __________ __________ than Suzy.
Daniel got to school earlier than any other student.
Daniel got to school __________ of all the students.
练习3. 单项选择。
__________ all the stars, the sun is __________ to the earth.
A. Between; the nearest B. Between; the nearer
C. Of; the most near D. Of; the nearest
—__________ is the weight of the little tortoise
—It __________ only 150 grams.
A. How much; weigh B. How heavy; weigh
C. What; weighs D. How many; weighs
—Mum, could you buy me a dress like this, please
—We can buy __________ one than this, but __________ it.
A.a better; better than B.a worse; as good as
C.a cheaper; as good as D.a more important; not as good as
We all know that the Yangtze River is longer than __________ in China.
A.any river B.any rivers C.other river D.any other river
Our country now has __________ high-speed rail network in the world.
long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
—Does the dish taste as __________ as it looks
—Yes. I can’t wait to eat it.
A.well B.good C.better D.the nicest
My grandma is a really nice person — one of __________ people I know.
A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest
Dreams are powerful and they can drive you to work harder and become __________.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
Because of terrible bushfires, the number of the wild animals in Australia is getting much __________ now.
A.less B.fewer C.more D.smaller
Emma looked after her pet dog __________ of all her friends.
A.careful B.most careful C.more carefully D.the most carefully
—How can I get high marks in the morning exam
—Be careful and try your best to make __________ mistakes.
the fewest B. the least C. the most D. the best
—I got a score of 78 in the English exam. What about you
—I did __________ than you. I only got a score of 61.
well B. better C. badly D. worse
I like to wear cotton sweaters. And they cost __________ than woolen ones.
far more B. much less C. much cheaper D .a lot fewer
Daniel is __________ his twin brother. They are both 1.75 metres tall.
taller than B. shorter than C.as tall as D.so tall as
I’ll tell you when Kitty __________ the hotel.
arrives B. gets C. reaches D. arrives in
练习4. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Your classroom is _____ (wide) and _____ (bright) than ours.
2.There are _____ (few) hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer.
3.Which do you like _____ (well) , maths or chemistry
4.This is the _____ (good) film I have ever seen.
5.Africa is the second _____ (large) continent.
6.What he said made his mother much _____ (angry) .
7.I’m not as _____ (careful) as he.
8.We’ve got as _____ (many) books as we need.
9.Practice as _____ (much) as you can.
10.They have done _____ (much) work with _____ (little) money.
练习5. 基础巩固习题
1. My ____ sister is two years _____ than I.
A. older; older B. elder; elder C. older; elder D. elder; older
2. Can you do your work with _____ money and _____ people
A. less; few B. less; fewer C. little; less D. few; less
3. I didn’t know which was _____, so I took them both.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
5. The population of Beijing is larger than _____ Shengzhen.
A. / B. the one in C. that of D. those of
6. What an _____ story! I’m _____ in it.
A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interested C. interested; interested D. interesting; interesting
7. The jacket is _____ nice, but it’s _____ more expensive than that one.
A. much; much B. very; very C. much; very D. very; much
8.–Do you think the chicken tastes ______ -She cooked it _____, I think.
A. good; good B. well; well C. well; good D. good; well
9. Li Lei is running _____ now.
A. more and more slowly B. slowier and slowier C. slowly and slowly D. more slowly and more slowly
11.He worked _____ quietly _____ no one knew he was there.
A. so; as B. so; that C. very; that D. too; to
12.You must be more ______, Jim. Look, you didn’t write _____.
A. carefully; careful B. careful; carefully C. careful; careful D. carefully; carefully
13.The twins are together most of the time. So they never fell ______.
A. lonely B. alone C. happily D. friendly
14.New York is _____ in the United States.
A. larger than any city B. larger than any other city
C. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities
15.This street is much ______ than that one.
A. straight B. straighter C. straightest D. more straighter
16.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose ______ expensive one.
A. less B. the least C. the less D. the most
17.Would you please say it _____ I still can’t follow you.
A. more slow B. much slow C. more slowly D. much slowly
18.This kind of skirt looks ______ and sells ______.
A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice
19. –How was the weather yesterday -It was terrible. It rained _____. People could _____ go out.
A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly
20.The girl is _____, but her younger sister is even _____.
A. tallest; taller B. taller; tallest C. tall; tallest D. tall; taller