人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room讲义学案（无答案）

Could you please clean your room
Part 1
Grammar 1
情态动词could的用法：
表示“能力”或“可能性”，作为can的过去形式。
Could you speak English then？
那时你能讲英语吗？
He said he couldn't follow me.
他说他跟不上我。
2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等情绪。
Who could have taken them？
谁会把它们拿走了呢？
She couldn't have left so soon.
她不可能这么快就走了。
注意：在这种情况下，could和can是可以换用的，用could时口气较缓和，用can时不相信的程度更强一些，两者在时间上没有差别。
3. 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法
—Could you let me have your passport 看看你的护照好吗？
—Yes, here it is. 行，这就是。
I could come earlier, if necessary.
如果必要我可以早点来。
这时could和can没有时间上的差别。
4.在以Could引导的表示委婉语气的疑问句，常用来表示请求别人帮助或对长辈的请求的。
Could you come to my party on Saturday afternoon
周日下午，你能参加我的聚会吗？
注意：这里不是情态动词的用法。
回答为：肯定回答：Yes, I can./Sure./Certainly.
否定回答：Sorry, I am afraid not.
(在作否定回答时，要注意：在拒绝长辈的请求时，不能用can not，这样显得语气太过生硬，不礼貌。但是在长辈拒绝晚辈的请求是可以用can not的。)
Practice
（ ）1. —Could I go out with my friend on Sunday
—_______.
A. No, you don’t B. Yes, you could
C. Yes, you can D. Yes, you do
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. —Could you please _______ in the room
—Oh, I’m sorry.
A. not smoking B. not smoke
C. not to smoke D. don’t smoke
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. Could you please _______ the door
A. to open B. opens
C. open D. opening
【难度】：★★
（ ）4. —Could I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, of course you _______.
A. could B. will
C. can D. might
【难度】：★★
（ ）5. —Could you please help me open the windows
—Yes, I _______.
A. must B. can
C. could D. will
【难度】：★★★
（ ）6. —Mom, could I go shopping with you
—Yes, you _______. But you must finish your homework first.
A. could B. can
C. can’t D. couldn’t
【难度】：★★★
（ ）7. — I have a cold. You are near the window. _______ please close it
— OK. You should look after yourself.
A. Could I B. Can I C. Could you D. Do you
【难度】：★★
（ ）8. — He _______ speak three languages when he was ten years old.
— What a clever boy!
can B. could C. may D. might
【难度】：★★
Grammar 2
一、倒装句的句型结构：
1.“So/Nor/Neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”
该句型表示“……也是”
Nor/Neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”
该句型表示“……也不是”
助动词：do,did,does,will,have,has...
例句：
She did her homework yesterday. So did I.
She didn’t her homework yesterday.
Neither/Nor did I.
be动词: am,is ,are ,was ,were...
例句：I am a student, So is he.
情态动词：can,could,may,should,must,...
例句： I can play the piano，So can she.
neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语
“某人（主语） 也不”
例如：For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.
一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,
连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定
Neither Tom nor Jim is a student.
Tom和Jim都不是学生。
⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
The first one wasn't bad.
Neither was the second.
单项选择
（ ）1. — I have never been there.
— ________he.
A. Neither have B. Nor has
C. So have D. So has
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. —He has been to Beijing.
—________I.
A. So can B. Neither can
C. Nor can D. So have
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. —Lucy can speak a little Japanese.
—________I.
A. So can B. Neither have
C. Nor can D. So have
【难度】：★★
（ ）4.—Bod did well in English last term.
—________Lily.
A. So can B. Neither have
C. Nor can D. So did
【难度】：★★
按要求改写下列句子。
1. You aren’t allowed to smoke here.
____　____　____.　（他们也是．）
2. Jane has not certainly been working hard.
____　____　____．（Lily也是．）
3. Mike knows a lot about the Internet.
And ____　____　____.　（我也是．）
4. Bob is very hardworking.
____　_____　____.　（我也是）
5. Lily不是老师，Mary也不是。
Lily isn't a teacher. ________ Mary.
【难度】：★★★
New Words
英文 中文 英文 中文
few adj.很少的 finish v. 完成
enough adv. 足够地 rubbish n.垃圾
fold v. 折叠 mess n. 混乱
at least 至少 pretty adj. 漂亮的
be back 回来 tidy adj. 整齐的
help out with 帮助解决
课本原句再现
I do not mind doing them. 我不介意做它们。
【解析】：mind doing sth 介意做某事
Would you mind turning down the TV
你介意把电视调低吗？
与mind相关的必备短语
1. make up one's mind 某人下定决心
2. never mind 没有关系，不要记在心上
3. would you mind doing sth 你介意…吗
4. keep in mind 记住
Practice
（ ）1. How long will it take to finish ____ basketball
A. play B. plays
C. played D. playing
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. Lily made up her mind to finish ____ homework.
A. do B. does
C. doing D. did
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. Would you mind ____ down the music？
A. turn B. turns
C. turned D. turning
【难度】：★★
（ ）4. Lily made up her ____ to play the piano.
A. head B. lip
C. mind D. decision
【难度】：★★
用所给词适当形式填空
1. Can you finish ________ (read) these books before 10 o'clock
2. Could I finish ________ (watch) this show
3. He didn't mind ________ (clean) the room.
4. Would you mind ________(open) the door for me
【难度】：★★
Grammar 3
few , a few和 little ，a little辨析
few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；
He has few friends here, he feels lonely.
他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。
例如：
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me alittle ink
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
Practice
（ ）1. My father has many books, but he has_____ English books.
A. little B. a little
C. few D. a few Answer
【难度】：★★★
（ ）2. The twins can speak only ___ French.
A. a few B. few
C. little D. a little
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. There's only _______ juice in the fridge. Would you like to buy ______ bottles
A. a little; a few B. a few; a little
C. few; little D. little; few
【难度】：★★★
（ ）4. He knows _______ English but he has _____ English friends.
A. few; little B. little; few
C. little; a few D. a few; little
【难度】：★★★
（ ）5. Rest for ________ hours and drink ________ water, and you'll get well soon.
A. few; a little B. a few; a little
C. little; few D. a little; a few
【难度】：★★★
（ ）6. Bruce has read ________ science books, but I'm sorry to say he has learned ________ from them.
few; a little B. a few; little
C. few; little D. a few; a little
【难度】：★★★
根据句意，用little、few、a little、a few填空。
1.There are ______ new words in this article, so it's not difficult for us.
2. You can put ______ honey in the milk. It will taste better.
3. There are ______ classrooms on the ground floor. One of them is ours.
4. We have ______ milk to drink. I have to get some.
【难度】：★★
Part 2
New Words
英文 中文 英文 中文
want vt. 需要,想要 tired adj. 疲倦的
take vt. 拿，取 walk v. 走，步行；
reply vi. 回答 angrily adv. 愤怒地
understand vt. 理解；懂 need v. 必须，需要
threw down 扔下 living room 客厅，起居室
clean and tidy 干净整洁 need to do sth 需要做某事
shout back 大声回应 walk away 走开；离去
sit down 坐下；扎营 in front of 在.....前面
come over 过来；顺便来访 all the time 始终，一直
let sb do 让某人做某事 a waste of 浪费…
spend on 花费 in order to 为了，目的是
depend on 依靠 too much 太多
look after 照顾，照看 live in 居住
take care of 照顾，照看 As a result 结果
Enough
enough adj.足够的,修饰名词,可以之前与之后;
She asked from her mother enough money to buy the skirt.
她向她母亲要了足够的钱来买这条裙子。
have enough time to do sth 有足够的时间做某事;
I have enough food to eat.有足够的吃
enough adv.足够地,修饰形容词、副词、动词,并放在其后。
interesting enough 足够有趣
This story is interesting enough.
我有足够的食物吃。
Practice
（ ）1. Mr.Liu wants to buy an expensive car. he has ＿＿.
A. enough money B. money enough
C. too money D. money
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. In the old days, lots of people didn't have＿＿ to eat.
A. enough money B. enough book
C. enough food D. enough big
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. — How do you like the talk show
— I think it’s _________ but some people think it’s so _________.
A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring
C. wonderful enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored
【难度】：★★
（ ）4. The students need ______their room by themselves.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. cleans D. to cleans
【难度】：★★★
（ ）5. Last year I ______ drive. I used to take the bus.
A. could B. couldn't C. should D. shouldn't
【难度】：★★
（ ）6. ______ exercise you take, _______ you are.
A. The more; the more B. The more; the stronger
C. The more; the better D. The more; the bigger
【难度】：★★★
（ ）7. I make money to____a big house _____my parents.
A. provide; on B. provide; of C. provide; for D. provide; with
【难度】：★★★
（ ）8. Students have ______ homework to do every day.
A. so many B. such many C. so much D. too many
【难度】：★★
（ ）9. The old men are playing chess. Would you mind ______
A. turning down B. turn down
C. turns down D. turned down
【难度】：★★
Grammar

spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1) spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+on sth
He spends too much time on the computer game.
◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doing sth
He spends too much time playing the computer game.
(2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth
I pay 10 yuan for the book.
(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.
(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.
做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
Practice
单项选择
（ ）1. How much time you ___ these tasks？
A. spent B. spend on C. cost D. pay
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. She asked from her mother ___ to buy the skirt.
A. enough money B. enough
C. as D. because of
【难度】：★★★
（ ）3. I ________ two hours on this maths problem yesterday.
A. took B. cost C. paid D. spent
【难度】：★★
（ ）4. They spend too much time _______ the report.
A. Writing B. to write C. on writing D. write
【难度】：★★
（ ）5. — What beautiful shoes you're wearing! They must be expensive.
— No, they only _______ 30 yuan.
spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【难度】：★★
（ ）6. It will _______ me too much time to read this foreign book.
A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay
【难度】：★★★
（ ）7. This science book _______ me a lot of money.
A . took B. cost C. used D. spent
【难度】：★★
（ ）8. I have to _______ them 20 pounds for this room each month.
A. pay B. pays C. cost D. took
【难度】：★★★
按要求改写句子
1. It takes him 3 hours to do his homework. (改为同义句)
He______3 hours ______ his homework.
2. Tom often lends books to me. (改为同义句)
I often ______ books______ Tom.
3. Sandy is the same age as Amy. (改为同义句)
Sandy is as ______ as Amy.
【难度】：★★
Part 3
Grammar
课本原句再现
It is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.
对孩子来说，学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务是很重要的。
形式主语结构It be +形容词 （for sb）to do sth
(对某人来说)做某事是.......
在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。
例句：
It is very important for us to learn English.
对于我们来说学习英语是重要的。
其中to learn English是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
It is so happy to see movies with you.
很高兴和你一起看电影。
其中to see movies with you是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
It is+adj.+of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关，这个adj.是用来形容sb.的。
表示某人这么做真是太adj.了。
这个句型中你把sb.和adj.提出来可以造个句sb. is(are) adj.
如It's very kind of you to help me.
把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind是说得通的。
It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth表示做某事对某人来说很adj.
这里的adj.是do sth.的属性
里面的sb.跟adj.没有直接联系
如It's difficult for you to deal with the problem.
不能说you are difficult
若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。
It's very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我，真好。
It's clever of you to work out the maths problem.
你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。
Practice
单项选择
（ ）1. It is ____ for children to learn how to do chores
A. importantly B. important C. importance D. importanted
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. It is not easy ____ us ____ a foreign language.
A. to, to learn B. for, learning
C. for , to learn D. to, learn
【难度】：★★★
（ ）3. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day
A. this B. that C. it D. he
【难度】：★★
（ ）4. _____ is possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. it D. he
【难度】：★★
（ ）5. It's clever ____ you ____ so many toy ships.
A. of; making B. of; to make
C. for; to make D. for; making
【难度】：★★★
（ ）6. It is important ____ people ____ learn team spirit.
A. of; of B. of; to
C. for; to D. to;to
【难度】：★★★
（ ）7. It is fun ____ Tom ____ teach us.
A. of; of B. of; to C. for; to D. to;to
【难度】：★★★
（ ）8. It is easy ____ me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.
A. of B. to C. for D. with
【难度】：★★★
Quiz
单项选择
（ ）1. He helps his mother ______ after every meal.
A. does the dishes B. do the dish
C. do the dishes D. does the dish
【难度】：★★
（ ）2. Now all of us exercise at ___ least ____ hour a day and outside school.
A. the; a B. a; an
C. 不填；a D. 不填；an
【难度】：★★
（ ）3. —Which magazine do you like better, Crazy Reading or Teen’s space
—I like ___of them. They are useful for English lessons.
A. none B. neither
C. all D. both
【难度】：★★★
（ ）4. Could you please ____ me where the bus station is
told B. telling C. to tell D. tell
【难度】：★★
（ ）5. —Could you please provide us ____ some information about the students’ health
—Of course, it’s my pleasure.
A. to B. of C. from D. with
【难度】：★★
（ ）6. — May I ____ your bike
— Certainly, but you can't ____it to other.
lend; lend B. borrow; lend
C. borrow; borrow D. lend; borrow
【难度】：★★★
（ ）7. You are not ____ to take part in the match. Please work hard and try to improve yourself.
A. good enough B. enough good
C. well enough D. enough well
【难度】：★★★
完成下面句子
1.你能告诉我这个消息，真好。
It's very kind ______ you ______ tell me the news.
2.对于他来说学习两种语言是困难的。
It's very hard ___ him ___ study two languages.
3.你笑得越多，你就会感觉到快乐。
______ you smile,______ you will feel.
【难度】：★★★
Self-checking
根据提示填空，单词个数不限
1. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither _____________ I (我也没 做完).
2. He always gets to school _____________time (按时).
3. Peter, could you please _____________(open) the window
4. He spends too much time_____________ (填介词) the computer games.
5. The Internet _____________(provide) us with a lot of information we need.
6. The _____________(early) kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
7. He often _____________(借) money to his brother.
8. It's very hard for him _____________(study) two languages.
9. Could I finish _____________(watch) this show
10. I'm just as _____________(劳累的) as you are!
【难度】：★★★
2. 单项选择
（ ）(1) — ______ you please not smoke here
— Sorry, I will put out my cigarette at once.
A. May B. Could C. Must D. Might
【难度】：★★
（ ）(2) I can ______ you my notebook, but you can ______ it for only two weeks.
borrow; borrow B. lend; borrow
C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep
【难度】：★★
( ) (3) Julie________ the rubbish when she goes out to work every morning.
A. gives out B. hangs out C. runs out D. takes out
【难度】：★★★
( ) (4) —The weather is really terrible!
—Yes, we'd better plant trees.________ trees, ________ air pollution.
A. The more; the fewer B. The less; the more
C. The less; the fewer D. The more; the less
【难度】：★★★
( ）(5) I hate________ the dishes，but like________ TV.
doing; watch B. do; to watch
C. to do; watch D. to do; watching
【难度】：★★★★
( ）(6) —I' m going to add some tomato sauce to the salad, if you don't________ .
—Not at all. Go ahead.
care B. agree C. mind D. insist
【难度】：★★★★
( ）(7) Rose finished her study in the university and went to ______ a good job.
A. take after B. look after C. care for D. search for
【难度】：★★★
( ）(8) 一Mary, thank you for giving me the fashionable cat-paw mug（猫爪杯）.
一 ________
A. With pleasure B. My pleasure
C. Forget it D. Never mind
【难度】：★★★
( ）(9) Mary,could you please ________ the dishes
A. do B. make C. does D. makes
【难度】：★★
( ）(10) He doesn’t like playing cards, he thinks playing cards is a waste______ time.
A. of B. at C. for D. in
【难度】：★★