山西省太原市第二十一中学2021-2022学年高一1月阶段性测试英语试卷（Word版含答案，无听力试题 ）
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| 名称 | 山西省太原市第二十一中学2021-2022学年高一1月阶段性测试英语试卷（Word版含答案，无听力试题 ） |  | |
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山西省太原市第二十一中学2021-2022学年高一1月阶段性测试英语试卷
A
Paper cutting is one of China's most popular folk arts.Archaeological（考古学上的） finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century,it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.
Paper cuts have special importance at festivals and on holidays.To get rid of（摆脱） the old and bring good luck,people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
Paper cuts are not produced by machine,but by hand.They are done all over China,but are different in the method in different areas.There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors（剪刀） or knives.As the name suggests,scissors cuttings are made with scissors.Several pieces of paper （up to eight pieces） are placed together.The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors.Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table.Following a pattern,the artist cuts the patterns into the paper with a knife.
In the past,paper cuts were usually made only by women and girls.They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple tees,peach blossoms,mice,fighting roosters （公鸡） and rabbits eating carrots.
This used to be one of the skills that every girl was to master.Professional paper cutting artists are,on the other hand,almost always men who can make a living by working together in workshops.
1. How long has paper cutting lasted at least？ ______
A. About 600 years. B. About 1，500 years.
C. About 2，000 years. D. About 2，700 years.
2. People put up paper cuts on the windows in order to ______ .
A. make them look more beautiful
B. show others their excellent skills
C. bring them good luck in the new year
D. sell them on the Eve of the Spring Festival
3. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us？ ______
A. Two kinds of paper cuts.
B. Paper cuts are made by hand.
C. Paper cuts are made by machine.
D. The process of making paper cuts.
B
Maggie,a girl of thirteen years old,lived on the west coast of the United States.She had never experienced an earthquake before；she only prepared for it.As long as she could remember,preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.
One day,Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time.However,it was not the same as usual.She was home alone.Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport.He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
After finishing her homework,Maggie felt a little hungry,so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat.Just then she felt a shake,then the violent shaking.Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room.The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening，and Maggie hugged herself in fear.
After what seemed like a very long time,the earthquake appeared to be over.Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement.And there was the smell of natural gas in the air.Maggie knew where the main water valve（阀门）was and how to turn it off.Dad had ever shown her before.
Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table.The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable.Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess.As Maggie approached the open basement door,she could see the steps.Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.
While placing her feet firmly on the floor,Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder.She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes.An hour later,she woke up and found her parents beside her.She was happy that she was still alive!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph？ ______
A. Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US.
B. Maggie's parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.
C. Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.
D. Maggie has some self-help awareness in earthquakes.
5. What does the underlined word "deafening" in Paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Very loud. B. Quite familiar.
C. Very distant. D. Quite strange.
6. What can we know about Maggie？ ______
A. She was the only child in her family.
B. She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.
C. She was hurt when tuning off the water valve.
D. She had experienced an earthquake before.
7. What does the passage mainly talk about？ ______
A. A story of a girl in an earthquake.
B. The importance of preparing for an earthquake.
C. The ways to escape from an earthquake.
D. The danger of an earthquake.
C
Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation.Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40，000 historical relics.These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However,hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time,war and human activities.Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board,Nguyen Doan Tuan,says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul："We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials.We must preserve its shape,size and style.We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."
Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work.Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc,says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation："We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics.At the same time,a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured,including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value."
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work.Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang QuocQuan,said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics.We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics,especially festival-related groups of buildings.This requires management and guidance by the government."
Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics："This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations.Creative restoration（修复）must be based on previous（先前的）values."
Experts have called for a systematic（系统的）guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
8. Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam？ ______
A. Human activities. B. Poor building materials.
C. War influence. D. The passing of time.
9. Where is the passage most probably taken from？ ______
A. A government survey. B. A research paper.
C. A newspaper report. D. A travel guide.
10. It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics,the government should ______ .
A. turn to the UNESCO for financial help
B. improve the scenic value by raising tourist fees
C. encourage the community to join in the rescue work
D. make full use of the money raised by the local people
11. What might be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Guide the Community in Proper Behaviors
B. Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style
C. Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins
D. Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics
D
The Notre Dame fire has been put out,but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged.The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world.On Chinese social media network Wechat a common comment on the disaster is： "What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore."
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them,namely via a video game called Assassin's Creed：Unity.In this game,the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality,and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.Further,with virtual reality technology（虚拟现实技术），which is already quite mature,one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there.Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings,making digital models of them so their data can be saved,dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then.By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers,building 3 D models with multiple images,as well as measuring everything precisely,engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular,the digital replica（复制品）has great use value.First,it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them,which helps protect them.The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes（敦煌洞穴）in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them.Furthermore,it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet.In 2000，a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo,which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years.Above all,it preserves all the information of the cultural relics.Even if the original ones are damaged one day,people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.
Of course,however precise a model is,it is not the original.Time is the biggest threat to a country's architectural heritage,which will always become ruins with the passing of time.Maybe we will have better technologies in the future,but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
12. What can we see about Notre Dame in the game？ ______
A. The damaged parts. B. Its wooden shape.
C. Its original look. D. The big fire.
13. What value does a digital replica have？ ______
A. It keeps the relics safe.
B. It helps to guard the relics.
C. It gathers data of the relics.
D. It advertises the history of the relics.
14. How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance？ ______
A. By comparison. B. By giving examples.
C. By classification.（分类） D. By listing data.
15. What is the authors attitude towards the application of digital technology？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Delighted.
C. Supportive. D. Conservative. （保守的）
I'm often asked how to study English effectively.I think this means getting the most out of your study time,and that means variety. (1) .
Study Every Day
It's important to study English every day.However,don't exaggerate （夸张）! (2) .This habit of studying English every day will help keep English in your brain fresh.
A Little Grammar,a Little Listening,a Little Reading,and a Little Writing
(3) .Study a little grammar,then do a short listening exercise,and then read an article on the same topic.Don't do too much；twenty minutes on three different types of exercises is plenty!
(4)
Give yourself one grammar goal when reading a new article or watching a new video.For example,try to write down each example of a form you are studying such as the present perfect.Use colored pens to highlight （使……突出） forms that you are studying.
Use Different Learning Methods
Don't just use one way to study English.Use many kinds of methods which will make all the parts of your brain help you. (5) .All of these methods together help with your learning.
Find Some Friends
You can practice the exercises together,have conversations together （in English）， and,as you study English together,help each other with exercises you may not understand.
A.Forget Grammar
B.Review Grammar as You Watch or Read
C.Here are some simple exercises to help you warm up
D.Here are some basic ideas to help you as you study English
E.Study for thirty minutes every day instead of two hours once a week
F.Make sure that you study a number of areas rather than focusing on just one
G.For example,if you are learning new vocabulary,create a word map,describe a picture,make a list
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top(21)，but on their way back conditions were very(22).Joe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon(23)alone,he would probably get back(24).But Simon decided to risk his(25)and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope.
As they(26)down,the weather got worse.Then another(27)occurred.They couldn't see or hear each other and,(28)，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）.It was (29) for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe's(30) was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.(31)，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold,Simon had to(32).In tears,he cut the rope.Joe(33) into a huge crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn't walk,but he(34)to get out of the crevasse and started to(35) towards their camp,nearly ten kilometers(36).
Simon had(37)the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be(38)，but he didn't want to leave(39).Three days later,in the middle of the night,he heard Joe's voice.He couldn't (40) it.Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive.
21. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
22. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal
23. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
24. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
25. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
26. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
27. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble
28. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck
29. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
30. A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment
31. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly
32. A. stand back B. take a rest
C. make a decision D. hold on
33. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed
34. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
35. A. run B. skate C. move D. march
36. A. around B. away C. above D. along
37. A. headed for B. traveled to C. left for D. returned to
38. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late
39. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
40. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
A.prevent...from...B.A variety of C.relate to D.lay in ruins E.nothing but F.of great importance G.suffer from H.turn to I.Keeping the right balance J.make sure
41.
(1) In less than one minute,the city of Tangshan ______ .
(2) The police have been trying to ______ workers ______ carrying weapons.
(3) Everywhere survivors looked,there was ______ ruins.
(4) He looked in the bathroom to ______ that he was alone.
(5) To solve the problem,the Egyptian government had to ______ the UN for help.
(6) If you can't keep healthy,you will often ______ your weak body.
(7) ______ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
(8) That writing system was ______ in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
(9) His remarks didn't ______ the topic under discussion.
(10) ______ after-class activities will be held in our school next week.
42. Tangshan's revival After one of the most deadly earthquakes (1) happened on 28 July 1976，Tangshan started to revive (2) （ it） and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people,a new Tangshan (3) （ build） upon the earthquake ruins.The new city became a home to more than 7 million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that (4) times of disaster,people must unify and show the (5) （ wise） to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
43. An effective way to build vocabulary One of the most effective ways to build vocabulary (1) （ be） to read good books.You need to (2) （ real） read at least one good book a week,preferably a classic.This isn't as hard as it sounds,and it is far (3) （ good） than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading (4) interesting piece of literature.Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and their use unconsciously, (5) （ mean） that you will tend to use the words learned this way in conversations almost automatically.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
44. ______the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
45. Written Chinese has also become an important means, ______ China's present ______ its past.
书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
46. Even today, ______ Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can still ______ in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写进行交流。
47. Big challenges, ______，can sometimes ______great solutions.
然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。
48. ______ the project ended in 1980，it was considered______.
1980年该项目完工时，被视为一个巨大的成功。
49. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Work is a very important part of life in the United States.When the early immigrants came to this country,they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven.This attitude still influences America today.Work is not only important for the salary,but also for social and psychological working,being productive.For most Americans,they are what they do.What happens,then,when a person retires at the age of sixty-five or seventy？It's easy to imagine that retirement is no easy thing.Retirees often feel they are unproductive and no longer needed by others.
Once people retire,they may also get into financial trouble.Many people rely on Social Security checks every month.During their working years,employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government.When people retire,they receive this money as income.These checks do not provide enough money to live on,however,because prices are increasing very rapidly.After retirement,they have to change their lifestyles.They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to buy food,fuel,and other necessities.
Of course,not all senior citizens feel sad when they are in face of retirement.Working for so many years,they eventually have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies such as reading,traveling or joining some senior citizen clubs.Some continue to work part time；others choose to do volunteer work like helping young people to get started in new business.
American government is taking steps to ease the problems of retired people.They are building new housing,offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses,and providing other services,such as free courses,food service,and help with housework.It is wise to do so.Retired citizens are an important part of the population and their special needs must be concerned about.After all,everyone will be a senior citizen someday.
50.
答案
1.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段Archaeological（考古学上的） finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century,it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.发现表明，这一传统始于6世纪，甚至有人认为剪纸的开始甚至早了几个世纪。可知，考古发现显示剪纸起源于六世纪，甚至有人认为还要早上几个世纪。由此可以推知，剪纸至少有约1500年的历史了。故选B。（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句To get rid of（摆脱） the old and bring good luck,people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.为了摆脱坏运带来好运，人们在春节前夕在窗户上贴上剪纸。可知，人们把剪纸贴在窗户上，是为了摆脱老旧的东西，带来好运。故选C。（3）A.段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段介绍了两种不同的剪纸方法—剪刀剪纸和刻刀剪纸。尤其是There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors（剪刀） or knives.有两种做剪纸的方法——用剪刀制或者用刀子制作。故选A。
剪纸是中国最流行的民间艺术之一。考古发现表明，剪纸的传统始于6世纪，人们甚至认为剪纸的开始甚至早于几个世纪，本文介绍剪纸艺术的情况。
考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
4.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】A
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。由文章第一段"As long as she could remember,preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.（从她记事起，防备地震（的训练）在她的学校就很普及。）"可推知，Maggie有在地震中自救的意识。故选D。
（2）A.词句猜测题。根据第三段中"Maggie hugged herself in fear（Maggie害怕得抱住自己。）可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕，该词用来描述声音，故可知deafening意为"非常大声，震耳欲聋的"之意。A.Very loud.非常大声；B.Quite familiar.很熟悉；C.Very distant.非常遥远；D.Quite strange.很奇怪。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。由第四段"Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement（Maggic能听到地下室里水在她下面奔流的声音。）"和"Maggie knew where the main water valve （阀门） was and how to turn it off（Maggie知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关掉它。）"及第六段第一句"While placing her feet firmly on the foor,Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder（正当她稳稳地把脚放在地板上时，一块大木头击中了她的头和肩膀，她突然感到一阵疼痛。）"可知，Maggie在关水阀的时候被木头砸伤了。故选C。
（4）A.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的13岁小女孩Magie独自在家中时遭遇地震的经历，选项A"一个女孩在地震中的故事"符合题意。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的小女孩Maggie在地震中的经历。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句However,hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time,war and human activities.（然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏）可知B选项"建筑材料差"不属于越南文物损毁的原因。故选B。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.（越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产）以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，分析选项可推测文章最有可能来自一份新闻报道。A.A government survey一份政府调查；B.A research paper一篇研究论文；C.A newspaper report一份报纸的报道；D.A travel guide一份旅游指南。故选C。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段中The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work.Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan,said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics.（当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。越南革命博物馆馆长Dang Quoc Quan说，社区必须引导进入（文物的）保存和保护工作，"联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保护"）可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。故选C。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据最后一段Experts have called for a systematic guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.（专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复）以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，C选项Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics" 专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物"符合文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C
【解析】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第二段 In this game,the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality,and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.在该游戏中，玩家可以一个接一个地前往一个城市，然后像进入现实世界一样进入建筑物，并看到大火之前的巴黎圣母院。可知，我们在游戏中可以看到关于巴黎圣母院的原始外观。故选C。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Even if the original ones are damaged one day,people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.即使原件有一天被损坏，人们仍然可以知道自己的样子，并可以根据需要构建副本。可知，数字副本可以确保文物的安全。故选A。
（3）B．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them.甘肃省敦煌石窟的虚拟游览就是一个很好的例子，游客可以不用站在旁边看画。可知，作者通过实例证明数字拷贝具有至关重要的现实意义。故选B。
（4）C．观点态度题。根据最后一段 Maybe we will have better technologies in the future,but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.也许将来我们会拥有更好的技术，但是数字技术现在可以提供一种实用的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。可知，作者对数字技术的应用是支持的态度。A．Delighted高兴的；B．Doubtful怀疑的；C．Supportive支持的；D．Conservative保守的。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数字技术现在可以提供一种实用的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】E 【小题3】F 【小题4】B 【小题5】G
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据前句I'm often asked how to study English effectively.I think this means getting the most out of your study time,and that means variety表示"经常有人问我如何有效地学习英语。我认为这意味着充分利用你的学习时间，这意味着多样化"，以及后文介绍的学习方法，可知表示"这里有一些简单的练习来帮助你学习英语"的选项D可以起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
（2）E.细节理解题。根据后句This habit of studying English every day will help keep English in your brain fresh表示" 这种每天学习英语的习惯将有助于保持英语在你大脑中的新鲜感"，可知表示"每天学习30分钟，而不是每周学习两小时"的选项E符合前后的语境，studying English every day和Study for thirty minutes every day是关联词，故选E。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据后句Study a little grammar,then do a short listening exercise,and then read an article on the same topic表示"学习一点语法，然后做一个简短的听力练习，然后读一篇关于同一主题的文章"，可知表示"确保你研究了许多领域，而不是只关注其中一个"的选项F符合前后的语境，study a number of areas 是关键词，故选F。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据后句Give yourself one grammar goal when reading a new article or watching a new video表示"阅读一篇新文章或观看一段新视频时，给自己一个语法目标"，可知表示"边看边读，复习语法"的选项B符合前后的语境，one grammar goal和Review Grammar是关联词，故选B。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据后句All of these methods together help with your learning表示"这些方法会使你大脑的各个部分都对你有所帮助"，可知表示"例如，如果你正在学习新词汇，创建一个单词地图，描述一幅图片，列出一个列表"的选项G符合前后的语境，All of these methods代指create a word map,describe a picture,make a list,故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍有效地学习英语的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】D
【小题6】C 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】D 【小题10】B
【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】B 【小题14】A 【小题15】C
【小题16】B 【小题17】D 【小题18】A 【小题19】C 【小题20】B
【解析】（1）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.carefully仔细地；C.successfully成功地；D.early早早地。句意：他们成功地登上了顶峰，但在返回途中情况变得非常困难。根据前句Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes Mountains 及后文on their way back（在回来的路上）可知他们都成功地登上了Siula Grande。故选C。
（2）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.similar相似的；C.special特别的；D.normal正常的。句意：他们成功地登上了顶峰，但在返回途中情况变得非常困难。根据后文Joe fell and broke his leg （Joe摔断了腿）及（6）空后的the weather got worse（天气变得更糟糕了）可知在他们返回的路上情况变得很糟糕、很困难。故选A。
（3）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.climbed攀登；B.worked工作；C.rested休息；D.continued继续。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon独自一人继续返回，他可能会安全到达营地。continue to do sth."继续做某事"，这里是假设Simon不顾及Joe,一个人继续往山下走。故选D。
（4）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.safely安全地；C.slowly缓慢地；D.regretfully遗憾地。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon独自一人继续返回，他可能会安全到达营地。根据后文But Simon decided to risk his （5）____and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope （绳）可知，如果他带着Joe一起回去，可能谁都无法安全返回。故选B。
（5）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.fortune财富；B.time时间；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。句意：但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险，用登山绳帮助Joe下山。在困难的情况下Simon带上受伤的同伴下山是在冒着生命的危险。故选D。
（6）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.lay躺，位于；B.settled解决；C.went走，移动；D.looked看。句意：当他们两个人从山顶上向下走的时候，天气变得更糟糕。从上文 on their way back 可知他们是在下山，go down"向下走"，符合语境。故选C。
（7）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.damage损坏；B.storm暴风雨；C.change改变；D.trouble麻烦。句意：接着又发生了另一个麻烦。Joe fell and broke his leg 是一件很麻烦的事情，They couldn't see or hear each other（他们相互看不见对方）这又是一件麻烦的事情。故选D。
（8）A.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.by mistake错误地；B.by chance偶然地；C.by choice自愿地；D.by luck侥幸地。句意：他们看不见对方，听不见对方说话，于是，Simon误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边上。根据They couldn't see or hear each other可知，Simon错误地把Joe送到了峭壁边上。故选A。
（9）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unnecessary没必要的；B.practical实际的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。句意：Joe不可能爬回去，Simon也不可能把他拉上来。Joe fell and broke his leg, 所以他不可能自己爬上来；They couldn't see or hear each other（他们相互看不见对方），Simon也不可能把他拉上来。所以impossible"不可能的"，符合语境。故选D。
（10）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.height高度；B.weight重量，体重；C.strength力气；D.equipment设备。句意：Joe的体重把Simon慢慢地拉向悬崖。根据pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice可知Simon也被拉向峭壁这边来了，这主要是因为Joe的体重。因为他们两个人系在一根绳子上，所以Joe拉着Simon向峭壁这边来了。故选B。
（11）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.Finally最终，最后；B.Patiently耐心地；C.Surely当然；D.Quickly迅速地。句意：最后，在黑暗和寒冷中呆了一个多小时后，Simon不得不做出决定。根据after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold 可知，Simon一直坚持到最后，没办法才放弃他的同伴。finally"最后"，符合语境。故选A。
（12）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A stand back往后站，避开；B take a rest休息；C make a decision做出决定；D hold on坚持。句意：最后，在黑暗和寒冷中呆了一个多小时后，Simon不得不做出了一个决定。根据下文内容In tears,he cut the rope 可知，他终于做出了放弃朋友的决定。故选C。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.jumped跳；B.fell摔倒，掉下；C.escaped逃脱；D.backed支持。句意：Joe摔到了下面冰上的一个巨大的裂缝中。根据he cut the rope （他割掉绳子）判断，Joe是摔了下去。故选B。
（14）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.managed设法做成，管理；B.planned计划；C.waited等待；D.hoped希望。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。从下文Joe was there,a few meters from their tent. 可知，他设法从裂缝里爬了出来。故选A。
（15）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑，经营；B.skate滑冰；C.move移动；D.march行军。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。从上文Joe fell and broke his leg 可知Joe已经摔断了腿，所以他不可能是奔跑、滑冰或者行军前进，他只能是在地上慢慢移动。故选C。
（16）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.around大约，周围；B.away在远处，远离；C.above在……上面；D.along沿着。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。away和具体的表示距离的词连用，表示"……之外的地方"。故选B。
（17）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.headed for朝某地进发；B.traveled to旅行去某地；C.left for动身去某地；D.returned to回到。句意：Simon回到山脚下的营地。根据上下文及句意可知，这里指Simon自己回到了营地。故选D。
（18）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dead死的；B.hurt受伤的；C.weak虚弱的；D.late迟的。句意：他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想马上离开。根据前文Joe fell and broke his leg 及Joe（13）____into a huge crevasse （裂缝） in the ice below 可知，Simon认为他肯定无法幸存下来了。故选A。
（19）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.secretly秘密地；B.tiredly疲倦地；C.immediately立即；D.anxiously焦虑地。句意：他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想马上离开。根据后文Three days later 可知，虽然他认为Joe肯定死了，但是他也没有立刻就离开这个营地。故选C。
（20）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.find发现；B.believe相信；C.make使，制作；D.accept接受。句意：他简直不敢相信。根据前文He thought that Joe must be dead 可知，当他半夜听见Joe的声音的时候，他无法相信这竟是真的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英国登山家Joe Simpson和同伴Simon Yates攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇。他们成功地在西坡登顶，但是在下山时却遇到了困难，Joe腿部受伤，天气越来越恶劣。尝试救援Joe失败后，不得已Simon独自一人返回营地。但是最终他们都成功地活了下来。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】A
【小题4】E
【小题5】J
【小题6】H
【小题7】G
【小题8】I
【小题9】F
【小题10】C
【解析】（1）D.考查动词短语的时态。根据句意"不到一分钟，唐山市就成了废墟。"可知要填的词为"lay in ruins沦为废墟"，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故选D。
（2）A.考查动词短语的不定式形式。根据句意"警方一直试图阻止工人携带武器。"可知要填的词为"prevent...from...阻止某人做某事"，try to do sth.尽力做某事，故选A。
（3）E.考查固定搭配。根据句意"幸存者们所看到之处都是废墟。"可知要填的词为"nothing but只是"，故选E。
（4）J.考查动词短语的不定式形式。根据句意"他往浴室里看了看，确定自己是一个人。"可知要填的词为"make sure确保"，不定式作目的状语，故选J。
（5）H.考查动词短语作谓语。根据句意"为了解决这个问题，埃及政府不得不求助于联合国。"可知要填的词为"turn to求助于"，前面有情态动词，所以用动词原形，故选H。
（6）G.考查动词短语主谓一致。根据句意"如果你不能保持健康，你会经常遭受身体虚弱的折磨。"可知要填的词为"suffer from遭受"，前面有will,所以用动词原形，故选G。
（7）I.考查动词短语的动名词形式。根据句意"在进步和文化遗址保护之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。"可知要填的词为"Keeping the right balance保持平衡"，作主语，所以用动名词，故选I。
（8）F.考查名词。根据句意"这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。"可知要填的词为"of great importance很重要"，故选F。
（9）C.考查动词短语作谓语。根据句意"他的话与正在讨论的话题无关。"可知要填的词为"relate to与…有关"，前面有助动词，所以用动词原形，故选C。
（10）B.考查固定搭配。根据句意"下周我们学校将举行各种各样的课外活动。"可知要填的词为"A variety of各种各样的"，后跟复数名词，故选B。
（1）不到一分钟，唐山市就成了废墟。
（2）警方一直试图阻止工人携带武器。
（3）幸存者们所到之处都是废墟。
（4）他往浴室里看了看，确定自己是一个人。
（5）为了解决这个问题，埃及政府不得不求助于联合国。
（6）如果你不能保持健康，你会经常遭受身体虚弱的折磨。
（7）在进步和文化遗址保护之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。
（8）这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。
（9）他的话与正在讨论的话题无关。
（10）下周我们学校将举行各种各样的课外活动。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
42.【答案】【小题1】that
【小题2】itself
【小题3】was built
【小题4】in
【小题5】wisdom
【解析】（1）that.考查定语从句。句意：在1976年7月28日发生的最严重的地震之后，唐山开始自我复苏，并重新站起来。先行词为物，前面有形容词最高级修饰，在定语从句中作主语，所以用that引导，故填that。
（2）itself.考查反身代词。句意：在1976年7月28日发生的最严重的地震之后，唐山开始自我复苏，并重新站起来。指主语Tangshan本身，所以用反身代词，故填itself。
（3）was built.考查时态语态。句意：在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语和build之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填was built。
（4）in.考查介词。句意：唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。in times of在……的日子里，为固定搭配，故填in。
（5）wisdom.考查名词。句意：唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填wisdom。
本文讲述大地震后唐山的重建，告诉人们：在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】【小题1】is
【小题2】really
【小题3】better
【小题4】an
【小题5】meaning
【解析】（1）is.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：建立词汇量最有效的方法之一是阅读好书。描述事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为one,故填is。
（2）really.考查副词。句意：你需要每周至少读一本好书，最好是一本经典书。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填really。
（3）better.考查形容词比较级。句意：这并不像听起来那么难，而且比任何其他方法都好，因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填better。
（4）an.考查冠词。句意：这并不像听起来那么难，而且比任何其他方法都好，因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，interesting是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（5）meaning.考查现在分词。句意：另一个就是，你会无意识地学习生词和它们的用法，这意味着你会倾向于在对话中几乎自动地使用这种方式学习的单词。指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语，故填meaning。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
44.【答案】It seemed as if
【解析】答案：It seemed as if .It seems as if是一个句型，意为"看起来好像……"，根据后面的were可知，要用一般过去时。故填：It seemed as if。
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
45.【答案】by which
【解析】答案：by which；is connected with.先行词means在非限制性定语从句中作介词by的宾语，用关系代词which引导定语从句；be connected with与 ...有关；与 ...相连，因指的是现在的事情，要用一般现在时。故填：by which；is connected with。
书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
46.【答案】no matter where
【解析】答案：no matter where；communicate.no matter where无论何处，引导让步状语从句；情态动词can后接动词原形。故填：no matter where；communicate。
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写进行交流。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
47.【答案】however
【解析】答案：however；lead to.副词however修饰句子；lead to导致，引起，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时。故填：however；lead to。
然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
48.【答案】When
【解析】答案：When；a great success.When当……时候，引导时间状语从句；此处是"be considered+名词"结构，意为"被认为是……"，success意为"成功的人或事"时是可数名词。故填：When；a great success。
1980年该项目完工时，被视为一个巨大的成功。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
49.【答案】Work plays an extremely important role in American culture,so people find retirement diffcult as they may feel useless without jobs.（美国人发现退休很困难）Retirement can also bring financial problems as Social Security checks don't provide enough money.【高分句型一】（退体带来经济问题）However,some senior citizens feel happy about retirement as they finally get time to do what they really want.（有的人喜欢去做自己喜欢的事）American government is solving retired citizens problems and concerning their special needs,which is wise and necessary,because everyone will get old.【高分句型二】（政府正解决这方面的问题）
【解析】本文介绍了美国的退休问题。
高分句型一：Retirement can also bring financial problems as Social Security checks don't provide enough money.
翻译：退休也会带来经济问题，因为社保支票不能够提供足够的资金。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二：American government is solving retired citizens problems and concerning their special needs,which is wise and necessary,because everyone will get old.
翻译：美国政府正在解决公民退休问题，关注他们的特殊需要，这是明智和必要的，因为每个人都会变老。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
A
Paper cutting is one of China's most popular folk arts.Archaeological（考古学上的） finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century,it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.
Paper cuts have special importance at festivals and on holidays.To get rid of（摆脱） the old and bring good luck,people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
Paper cuts are not produced by machine,but by hand.They are done all over China,but are different in the method in different areas.There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors（剪刀） or knives.As the name suggests,scissors cuttings are made with scissors.Several pieces of paper （up to eight pieces） are placed together.The patterns are then cut with pointed scissors.Knife cuttings are made by putting several pieces of paper on a table.Following a pattern,the artist cuts the patterns into the paper with a knife.
In the past,paper cuts were usually made only by women and girls.They used scissors and paper to cut all kinds of pictures such as apple tees,peach blossoms,mice,fighting roosters （公鸡） and rabbits eating carrots.
This used to be one of the skills that every girl was to master.Professional paper cutting artists are,on the other hand,almost always men who can make a living by working together in workshops.
1. How long has paper cutting lasted at least？ ______
A. About 600 years. B. About 1，500 years.
C. About 2，000 years. D. About 2，700 years.
2. People put up paper cuts on the windows in order to ______ .
A. make them look more beautiful
B. show others their excellent skills
C. bring them good luck in the new year
D. sell them on the Eve of the Spring Festival
3. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us？ ______
A. Two kinds of paper cuts.
B. Paper cuts are made by hand.
C. Paper cuts are made by machine.
D. The process of making paper cuts.
B
Maggie,a girl of thirteen years old,lived on the west coast of the United States.She had never experienced an earthquake before；she only prepared for it.As long as she could remember,preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.
One day,Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time.However,it was not the same as usual.She was home alone.Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport.He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
After finishing her homework,Maggie felt a little hungry,so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat.Just then she felt a shake,then the violent shaking.Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room.The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening，and Maggie hugged herself in fear.
After what seemed like a very long time,the earthquake appeared to be over.Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement.And there was the smell of natural gas in the air.Maggie knew where the main water valve（阀门）was and how to turn it off.Dad had ever shown her before.
Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table.The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable.Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess.As Maggie approached the open basement door,she could see the steps.Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.
While placing her feet firmly on the floor,Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder.She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes.An hour later,she woke up and found her parents beside her.She was happy that she was still alive!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph？ ______
A. Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US.
B. Maggie's parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.
C. Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.
D. Maggie has some self-help awareness in earthquakes.
5. What does the underlined word "deafening" in Paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Very loud. B. Quite familiar.
C. Very distant. D. Quite strange.
6. What can we know about Maggie？ ______
A. She was the only child in her family.
B. She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.
C. She was hurt when tuning off the water valve.
D. She had experienced an earthquake before.
7. What does the passage mainly talk about？ ______
A. A story of a girl in an earthquake.
B. The importance of preparing for an earthquake.
C. The ways to escape from an earthquake.
D. The danger of an earthquake.
C
Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation.Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40，000 historical relics.These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However,hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time,war and human activities.Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board,Nguyen Doan Tuan,says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul："We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials.We must preserve its shape,size and style.We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."
Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work.Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc,says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation："We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics.At the same time,a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured,including the grass field and garden to improve its scenic value."
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work.Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang QuocQuan,said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics.We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics,especially festival-related groups of buildings.This requires management and guidance by the government."
Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics："This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations.Creative restoration（修复）must be based on previous（先前的）values."
Experts have called for a systematic（系统的）guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
8. Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam？ ______
A. Human activities. B. Poor building materials.
C. War influence. D. The passing of time.
9. Where is the passage most probably taken from？ ______
A. A government survey. B. A research paper.
C. A newspaper report. D. A travel guide.
10. It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics,the government should ______ .
A. turn to the UNESCO for financial help
B. improve the scenic value by raising tourist fees
C. encourage the community to join in the rescue work
D. make full use of the money raised by the local people
11. What might be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Guide the Community in Proper Behaviors
B. Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style
C. Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins
D. Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics
D
The Notre Dame fire has been put out,but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged.The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world.On Chinese social media network Wechat a common comment on the disaster is： "What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore."
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them,namely via a video game called Assassin's Creed：Unity.In this game,the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality,and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.Further,with virtual reality technology（虚拟现实技术），which is already quite mature,one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there.Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings,making digital models of them so their data can be saved,dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then.By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers,building 3 D models with multiple images,as well as measuring everything precisely,engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular,the digital replica（复制品）has great use value.First,it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them,which helps protect them.The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes（敦煌洞穴）in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them.Furthermore,it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet.In 2000，a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo,which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years.Above all,it preserves all the information of the cultural relics.Even if the original ones are damaged one day,people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.
Of course,however precise a model is,it is not the original.Time is the biggest threat to a country's architectural heritage,which will always become ruins with the passing of time.Maybe we will have better technologies in the future,but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
12. What can we see about Notre Dame in the game？ ______
A. The damaged parts. B. Its wooden shape.
C. Its original look. D. The big fire.
13. What value does a digital replica have？ ______
A. It keeps the relics safe.
B. It helps to guard the relics.
C. It gathers data of the relics.
D. It advertises the history of the relics.
14. How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance？ ______
A. By comparison. B. By giving examples.
C. By classification.（分类） D. By listing data.
15. What is the authors attitude towards the application of digital technology？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Delighted.
C. Supportive. D. Conservative. （保守的）
I'm often asked how to study English effectively.I think this means getting the most out of your study time,and that means variety. (1) .
Study Every Day
It's important to study English every day.However,don't exaggerate （夸张）! (2) .This habit of studying English every day will help keep English in your brain fresh.
A Little Grammar,a Little Listening,a Little Reading,and a Little Writing
(3) .Study a little grammar,then do a short listening exercise,and then read an article on the same topic.Don't do too much；twenty minutes on three different types of exercises is plenty!
(4)
Give yourself one grammar goal when reading a new article or watching a new video.For example,try to write down each example of a form you are studying such as the present perfect.Use colored pens to highlight （使……突出） forms that you are studying.
Use Different Learning Methods
Don't just use one way to study English.Use many kinds of methods which will make all the parts of your brain help you. (5) .All of these methods together help with your learning.
Find Some Friends
You can practice the exercises together,have conversations together （in English）， and,as you study English together,help each other with exercises you may not understand.
A.Forget Grammar
B.Review Grammar as You Watch or Read
C.Here are some simple exercises to help you warm up
D.Here are some basic ideas to help you as you study English
E.Study for thirty minutes every day instead of two hours once a week
F.Make sure that you study a number of areas rather than focusing on just one
G.For example,if you are learning new vocabulary,create a word map,describe a picture,make a list
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top(21)，but on their way back conditions were very(22).Joe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon(23)alone,he would probably get back(24).But Simon decided to risk his(25)and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope.
As they(26)down,the weather got worse.Then another(27)occurred.They couldn't see or hear each other and,(28)，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）.It was (29) for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe's(30) was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.(31)，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold,Simon had to(32).In tears,he cut the rope.Joe(33) into a huge crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn't walk,but he(34)to get out of the crevasse and started to(35) towards their camp,nearly ten kilometers(36).
Simon had(37)the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be(38)，but he didn't want to leave(39).Three days later,in the middle of the night,he heard Joe's voice.He couldn't (40) it.Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive.
21. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
22. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal
23. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
24. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
25. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
26. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
27. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble
28. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck
29. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
30. A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment
31. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly
32. A. stand back B. take a rest
C. make a decision D. hold on
33. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed
34. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
35. A. run B. skate C. move D. march
36. A. around B. away C. above D. along
37. A. headed for B. traveled to C. left for D. returned to
38. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late
39. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
40. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
A.prevent...from...B.A variety of C.relate to D.lay in ruins E.nothing but F.of great importance G.suffer from H.turn to I.Keeping the right balance J.make sure
41.
(1) In less than one minute,the city of Tangshan ______ .
(2) The police have been trying to ______ workers ______ carrying weapons.
(3) Everywhere survivors looked,there was ______ ruins.
(4) He looked in the bathroom to ______ that he was alone.
(5) To solve the problem,the Egyptian government had to ______ the UN for help.
(6) If you can't keep healthy,you will often ______ your weak body.
(7) ______ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
(8) That writing system was ______ in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
(9) His remarks didn't ______ the topic under discussion.
(10) ______ after-class activities will be held in our school next week.
42. Tangshan's revival After one of the most deadly earthquakes (1) happened on 28 July 1976，Tangshan started to revive (2) （ it） and get back up on its feet.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people,a new Tangshan (3) （ build） upon the earthquake ruins.The new city became a home to more than 7 million people,with great improvements in transportation,industry and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that (4) times of disaster,people must unify and show the (5) （ wise） to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
43. An effective way to build vocabulary One of the most effective ways to build vocabulary (1) （ be） to read good books.You need to (2) （ real） read at least one good book a week,preferably a classic.This isn't as hard as it sounds,and it is far (3) （ good） than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading (4) interesting piece of literature.Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and their use unconsciously, (5) （ mean） that you will tend to use the words learned this way in conversations almost automatically.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
44. ______the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
45. Written Chinese has also become an important means, ______ China's present ______ its past.
书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
46. Even today, ______ Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can still ______ in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写进行交流。
47. Big challenges, ______，can sometimes ______great solutions.
然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。
48. ______ the project ended in 1980，it was considered______.
1980年该项目完工时，被视为一个巨大的成功。
49. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Work is a very important part of life in the United States.When the early immigrants came to this country,they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven.This attitude still influences America today.Work is not only important for the salary,but also for social and psychological working,being productive.For most Americans,they are what they do.What happens,then,when a person retires at the age of sixty-five or seventy？It's easy to imagine that retirement is no easy thing.Retirees often feel they are unproductive and no longer needed by others.
Once people retire,they may also get into financial trouble.Many people rely on Social Security checks every month.During their working years,employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government.When people retire,they receive this money as income.These checks do not provide enough money to live on,however,because prices are increasing very rapidly.After retirement,they have to change their lifestyles.They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to buy food,fuel,and other necessities.
Of course,not all senior citizens feel sad when they are in face of retirement.Working for so many years,they eventually have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies such as reading,traveling or joining some senior citizen clubs.Some continue to work part time；others choose to do volunteer work like helping young people to get started in new business.
American government is taking steps to ease the problems of retired people.They are building new housing,offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses,and providing other services,such as free courses,food service,and help with housework.It is wise to do so.Retired citizens are an important part of the population and their special needs must be concerned about.After all,everyone will be a senior citizen someday.
50.
答案
1.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段Archaeological（考古学上的） finds show that the tradition started in the 6th century,it is even supposed that the beginning of paper cutting is even a few centuries earlier.发现表明，这一传统始于6世纪，甚至有人认为剪纸的开始甚至早了几个世纪。可知，考古发现显示剪纸起源于六世纪，甚至有人认为还要早上几个世纪。由此可以推知，剪纸至少有约1500年的历史了。故选B。（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句To get rid of（摆脱） the old and bring good luck,people put up paper cuts on the windows on the Eve of the Spring Festival.为了摆脱坏运带来好运，人们在春节前夕在窗户上贴上剪纸。可知，人们把剪纸贴在窗户上，是为了摆脱老旧的东西，带来好运。故选C。（3）A.段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段介绍了两种不同的剪纸方法—剪刀剪纸和刻刀剪纸。尤其是There are two methods of making paper cuts—by using scissors（剪刀） or knives.有两种做剪纸的方法——用剪刀制或者用刀子制作。故选A。
剪纸是中国最流行的民间艺术之一。考古发现表明，剪纸的传统始于6世纪，人们甚至认为剪纸的开始甚至早于几个世纪，本文介绍剪纸艺术的情况。
考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
4.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】A
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。由文章第一段"As long as she could remember,preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.（从她记事起，防备地震（的训练）在她的学校就很普及。）"可推知，Maggie有在地震中自救的意识。故选D。
（2）A.词句猜测题。根据第三段中"Maggie hugged herself in fear（Maggie害怕得抱住自己。）可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕，该词用来描述声音，故可知deafening意为"非常大声，震耳欲聋的"之意。A.Very loud.非常大声；B.Quite familiar.很熟悉；C.Very distant.非常遥远；D.Quite strange.很奇怪。故选A。
（3）C.细节理解题。由第四段"Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement（Maggic能听到地下室里水在她下面奔流的声音。）"和"Maggie knew where the main water valve （阀门） was and how to turn it off（Maggie知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关掉它。）"及第六段第一句"While placing her feet firmly on the foor,Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder（正当她稳稳地把脚放在地板上时，一块大木头击中了她的头和肩膀，她突然感到一阵疼痛。）"可知，Maggie在关水阀的时候被木头砸伤了。故选C。
（4）A.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的13岁小女孩Magie独自在家中时遭遇地震的经历，选项A"一个女孩在地震中的故事"符合题意。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的小女孩Maggie在地震中的经历。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8.【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句However,hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time,war and human activities.（然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏）可知B选项"建筑材料差"不属于越南文物损毁的原因。故选B。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.（越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产）以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，分析选项可推测文章最有可能来自一份新闻报道。A.A government survey一份政府调查；B.A research paper一篇研究论文；C.A newspaper report一份报纸的报道；D.A travel guide一份旅游指南。故选C。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段中The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work.Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan,said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics.（当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。越南革命博物馆馆长Dang Quoc Quan说，社区必须引导进入（文物的）保存和保护工作，"联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保护"）可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。故选C。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据最后一段Experts have called for a systematic guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.（专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复）以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，C选项Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics" 专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物"符合文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C
【解析】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第二段 In this game,the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality,and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.在该游戏中，玩家可以一个接一个地前往一个城市，然后像进入现实世界一样进入建筑物，并看到大火之前的巴黎圣母院。可知，我们在游戏中可以看到关于巴黎圣母院的原始外观。故选C。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Even if the original ones are damaged one day,people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.即使原件有一天被损坏，人们仍然可以知道自己的样子，并可以根据需要构建副本。可知，数字副本可以确保文物的安全。故选A。
（3）B．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them.甘肃省敦煌石窟的虚拟游览就是一个很好的例子，游客可以不用站在旁边看画。可知，作者通过实例证明数字拷贝具有至关重要的现实意义。故选B。
（4）C．观点态度题。根据最后一段 Maybe we will have better technologies in the future,but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.也许将来我们会拥有更好的技术，但是数字技术现在可以提供一种实用的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。可知，作者对数字技术的应用是支持的态度。A．Delighted高兴的；B．Doubtful怀疑的；C．Supportive支持的；D．Conservative保守的。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数字技术现在可以提供一种实用的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】E 【小题3】F 【小题4】B 【小题5】G
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据前句I'm often asked how to study English effectively.I think this means getting the most out of your study time,and that means variety表示"经常有人问我如何有效地学习英语。我认为这意味着充分利用你的学习时间，这意味着多样化"，以及后文介绍的学习方法，可知表示"这里有一些简单的练习来帮助你学习英语"的选项D可以起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
（2）E.细节理解题。根据后句This habit of studying English every day will help keep English in your brain fresh表示" 这种每天学习英语的习惯将有助于保持英语在你大脑中的新鲜感"，可知表示"每天学习30分钟，而不是每周学习两小时"的选项E符合前后的语境，studying English every day和Study for thirty minutes every day是关联词，故选E。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据后句Study a little grammar,then do a short listening exercise,and then read an article on the same topic表示"学习一点语法，然后做一个简短的听力练习，然后读一篇关于同一主题的文章"，可知表示"确保你研究了许多领域，而不是只关注其中一个"的选项F符合前后的语境，study a number of areas 是关键词，故选F。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据后句Give yourself one grammar goal when reading a new article or watching a new video表示"阅读一篇新文章或观看一段新视频时，给自己一个语法目标"，可知表示"边看边读，复习语法"的选项B符合前后的语境，one grammar goal和Review Grammar是关联词，故选B。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据后句All of these methods together help with your learning表示"这些方法会使你大脑的各个部分都对你有所帮助"，可知表示"例如，如果你正在学习新词汇，创建一个单词地图，描述一幅图片，列出一个列表"的选项G符合前后的语境，All of these methods代指create a word map,describe a picture,make a list,故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍有效地学习英语的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】D
【小题6】C 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】D 【小题10】B
【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】B 【小题14】A 【小题15】C
【小题16】B 【小题17】D 【小题18】A 【小题19】C 【小题20】B
【解析】（1）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.carefully仔细地；C.successfully成功地；D.early早早地。句意：他们成功地登上了顶峰，但在返回途中情况变得非常困难。根据前句Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes Mountains 及后文on their way back（在回来的路上）可知他们都成功地登上了Siula Grande。故选C。
（2）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.similar相似的；C.special特别的；D.normal正常的。句意：他们成功地登上了顶峰，但在返回途中情况变得非常困难。根据后文Joe fell and broke his leg （Joe摔断了腿）及（6）空后的the weather got worse（天气变得更糟糕了）可知在他们返回的路上情况变得很糟糕、很困难。故选A。
（3）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.climbed攀登；B.worked工作；C.rested休息；D.continued继续。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon独自一人继续返回，他可能会安全到达营地。continue to do sth."继续做某事"，这里是假设Simon不顾及Joe,一个人继续往山下走。故选D。
（4）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.safely安全地；C.slowly缓慢地；D.regretfully遗憾地。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon独自一人继续返回，他可能会安全到达营地。根据后文But Simon decided to risk his （5）____and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope （绳）可知，如果他带着Joe一起回去，可能谁都无法安全返回。故选B。
（5）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.fortune财富；B.time时间；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。句意：但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险，用登山绳帮助Joe下山。在困难的情况下Simon带上受伤的同伴下山是在冒着生命的危险。故选D。
（6）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.lay躺，位于；B.settled解决；C.went走，移动；D.looked看。句意：当他们两个人从山顶上向下走的时候，天气变得更糟糕。从上文 on their way back 可知他们是在下山，go down"向下走"，符合语境。故选C。
（7）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.damage损坏；B.storm暴风雨；C.change改变；D.trouble麻烦。句意：接着又发生了另一个麻烦。Joe fell and broke his leg 是一件很麻烦的事情，They couldn't see or hear each other（他们相互看不见对方）这又是一件麻烦的事情。故选D。
（8）A.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.by mistake错误地；B.by chance偶然地；C.by choice自愿地；D.by luck侥幸地。句意：他们看不见对方，听不见对方说话，于是，Simon误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边上。根据They couldn't see or hear each other可知，Simon错误地把Joe送到了峭壁边上。故选A。
（9）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unnecessary没必要的；B.practical实际的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。句意：Joe不可能爬回去，Simon也不可能把他拉上来。Joe fell and broke his leg, 所以他不可能自己爬上来；They couldn't see or hear each other（他们相互看不见对方），Simon也不可能把他拉上来。所以impossible"不可能的"，符合语境。故选D。
（10）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.height高度；B.weight重量，体重；C.strength力气；D.equipment设备。句意：Joe的体重把Simon慢慢地拉向悬崖。根据pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice可知Simon也被拉向峭壁这边来了，这主要是因为Joe的体重。因为他们两个人系在一根绳子上，所以Joe拉着Simon向峭壁这边来了。故选B。
（11）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.Finally最终，最后；B.Patiently耐心地；C.Surely当然；D.Quickly迅速地。句意：最后，在黑暗和寒冷中呆了一个多小时后，Simon不得不做出决定。根据after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold 可知，Simon一直坚持到最后，没办法才放弃他的同伴。finally"最后"，符合语境。故选A。
（12）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A stand back往后站，避开；B take a rest休息；C make a decision做出决定；D hold on坚持。句意：最后，在黑暗和寒冷中呆了一个多小时后，Simon不得不做出了一个决定。根据下文内容In tears,he cut the rope 可知，他终于做出了放弃朋友的决定。故选C。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.jumped跳；B.fell摔倒，掉下；C.escaped逃脱；D.backed支持。句意：Joe摔到了下面冰上的一个巨大的裂缝中。根据he cut the rope （他割掉绳子）判断，Joe是摔了下去。故选B。
（14）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.managed设法做成，管理；B.planned计划；C.waited等待；D.hoped希望。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。从下文Joe was there,a few meters from their tent. 可知，他设法从裂缝里爬了出来。故选A。
（15）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑，经营；B.skate滑冰；C.move移动；D.march行军。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。从上文Joe fell and broke his leg 可知Joe已经摔断了腿，所以他不可能是奔跑、滑冰或者行军前进，他只能是在地上慢慢移动。故选C。
（16）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.around大约，周围；B.away在远处，远离；C.above在……上面；D.along沿着。句意：他不能走路，但他设法爬出了裂缝，并开始向近10公里远的他们的营地移动。away和具体的表示距离的词连用，表示"……之外的地方"。故选B。
（17）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.headed for朝某地进发；B.traveled to旅行去某地；C.left for动身去某地；D.returned to回到。句意：Simon回到山脚下的营地。根据上下文及句意可知，这里指Simon自己回到了营地。故选D。
（18）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dead死的；B.hurt受伤的；C.weak虚弱的；D.late迟的。句意：他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想马上离开。根据前文Joe fell and broke his leg 及Joe（13）____into a huge crevasse （裂缝） in the ice below 可知，Simon认为他肯定无法幸存下来了。故选A。
（19）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.secretly秘密地；B.tiredly疲倦地；C.immediately立即；D.anxiously焦虑地。句意：他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想马上离开。根据后文Three days later 可知，虽然他认为Joe肯定死了，但是他也没有立刻就离开这个营地。故选C。
（20）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.find发现；B.believe相信；C.make使，制作；D.accept接受。句意：他简直不敢相信。根据前文He thought that Joe must be dead 可知，当他半夜听见Joe的声音的时候，他无法相信这竟是真的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英国登山家Joe Simpson和同伴Simon Yates攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇。他们成功地在西坡登顶，但是在下山时却遇到了困难，Joe腿部受伤，天气越来越恶劣。尝试救援Joe失败后，不得已Simon独自一人返回营地。但是最终他们都成功地活了下来。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】A
【小题4】E
【小题5】J
【小题6】H
【小题7】G
【小题8】I
【小题9】F
【小题10】C
【解析】（1）D.考查动词短语的时态。根据句意"不到一分钟，唐山市就成了废墟。"可知要填的词为"lay in ruins沦为废墟"，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故选D。
（2）A.考查动词短语的不定式形式。根据句意"警方一直试图阻止工人携带武器。"可知要填的词为"prevent...from...阻止某人做某事"，try to do sth.尽力做某事，故选A。
（3）E.考查固定搭配。根据句意"幸存者们所看到之处都是废墟。"可知要填的词为"nothing but只是"，故选E。
（4）J.考查动词短语的不定式形式。根据句意"他往浴室里看了看，确定自己是一个人。"可知要填的词为"make sure确保"，不定式作目的状语，故选J。
（5）H.考查动词短语作谓语。根据句意"为了解决这个问题，埃及政府不得不求助于联合国。"可知要填的词为"turn to求助于"，前面有情态动词，所以用动词原形，故选H。
（6）G.考查动词短语主谓一致。根据句意"如果你不能保持健康，你会经常遭受身体虚弱的折磨。"可知要填的词为"suffer from遭受"，前面有will,所以用动词原形，故选G。
（7）I.考查动词短语的动名词形式。根据句意"在进步和文化遗址保护之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。"可知要填的词为"Keeping the right balance保持平衡"，作主语，所以用动名词，故选I。
（8）F.考查名词。根据句意"这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。"可知要填的词为"of great importance很重要"，故选F。
（9）C.考查动词短语作谓语。根据句意"他的话与正在讨论的话题无关。"可知要填的词为"relate to与…有关"，前面有助动词，所以用动词原形，故选C。
（10）B.考查固定搭配。根据句意"下周我们学校将举行各种各样的课外活动。"可知要填的词为"A variety of各种各样的"，后跟复数名词，故选B。
（1）不到一分钟，唐山市就成了废墟。
（2）警方一直试图阻止工人携带武器。
（3）幸存者们所到之处都是废墟。
（4）他往浴室里看了看，确定自己是一个人。
（5）为了解决这个问题，埃及政府不得不求助于联合国。
（6）如果你不能保持健康，你会经常遭受身体虚弱的折磨。
（7）在进步和文化遗址保护之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。
（8）这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。
（9）他的话与正在讨论的话题无关。
（10）下周我们学校将举行各种各样的课外活动。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
42.【答案】【小题1】that
【小题2】itself
【小题3】was built
【小题4】in
【小题5】wisdom
【解析】（1）that.考查定语从句。句意：在1976年7月28日发生的最严重的地震之后，唐山开始自我复苏，并重新站起来。先行词为物，前面有形容词最高级修饰，在定语从句中作主语，所以用that引导，故填that。
（2）itself.考查反身代词。句意：在1976年7月28日发生的最严重的地震之后，唐山开始自我复苏，并重新站起来。指主语Tangshan本身，所以用反身代词，故填itself。
（3）was built.考查时态语态。句意：在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语和build之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填was built。
（4）in.考查介词。句意：唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。in times of在……的日子里，为固定搭配，故填in。
（5）wisdom.考查名词。句意：唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填wisdom。
本文讲述大地震后唐山的重建，告诉人们：在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，展现积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】【小题1】is
【小题2】really
【小题3】better
【小题4】an
【小题5】meaning
【解析】（1）is.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：建立词汇量最有效的方法之一是阅读好书。描述事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为one,故填is。
（2）really.考查副词。句意：你需要每周至少读一本好书，最好是一本经典书。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填really。
（3）better.考查形容词比较级。句意：这并不像听起来那么难，而且比任何其他方法都好，因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填better。
（4）an.考查冠词。句意：这并不像听起来那么难，而且比任何其他方法都好，因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，interesting是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（5）meaning.考查现在分词。句意：另一个就是，你会无意识地学习生词和它们的用法，这意味着你会倾向于在对话中几乎自动地使用这种方式学习的单词。指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语，故填meaning。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
44.【答案】It seemed as if
【解析】答案：It seemed as if .It seems as if是一个句型，意为"看起来好像……"，根据后面的were可知，要用一般过去时。故填：It seemed as if。
仿佛世界末日即将来临!
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
45.【答案】by which
【解析】答案：by which；is connected with.先行词means在非限制性定语从句中作介词by的宾语，用关系代词which引导定语从句；be connected with与 ...有关；与 ...相连，因指的是现在的事情，要用一般现在时。故填：by which；is connected with。
书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
46.【答案】no matter where
【解析】答案：no matter where；communicate.no matter where无论何处，引导让步状语从句；情态动词can后接动词原形。故填：no matter where；communicate。
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写进行交流。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
47.【答案】however
【解析】答案：however；lead to.副词however修饰句子；lead to导致，引起，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时。故填：however；lead to。
然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
48.【答案】When
【解析】答案：When；a great success.When当……时候，引导时间状语从句；此处是"be considered+名词"结构，意为"被认为是……"，success意为"成功的人或事"时是可数名词。故填：When；a great success。
1980年该项目完工时，被视为一个巨大的成功。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
49.【答案】Work plays an extremely important role in American culture,so people find retirement diffcult as they may feel useless without jobs.（美国人发现退休很困难）Retirement can also bring financial problems as Social Security checks don't provide enough money.【高分句型一】（退体带来经济问题）However,some senior citizens feel happy about retirement as they finally get time to do what they really want.（有的人喜欢去做自己喜欢的事）American government is solving retired citizens problems and concerning their special needs,which is wise and necessary,because everyone will get old.【高分句型二】（政府正解决这方面的问题）
【解析】本文介绍了美国的退休问题。
高分句型一：Retirement can also bring financial problems as Social Security checks don't provide enough money.
翻译：退休也会带来经济问题，因为社保支票不能够提供足够的资金。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的原因状语从句。
高分句型二：American government is solving retired citizens problems and concerning their special needs,which is wise and necessary,because everyone will get old.
翻译：美国政府正在解决公民退休问题，关注他们的特殊需要，这是明智和必要的，因为每个人都会变老。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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