2022年中考英语阅读理解做题技巧课件（共有PPT36张）

(共36张PPT)
阅读理解做题技巧
之细节理解题
1.
Hello大家好，今天很高兴见到大家哦。欢迎大家来到我的英语课堂。不管你来自哪里，无论你基础如何，你要相信 ，只要正确的方法加上不懈的努力，英语一定能学好。
2.
在沙漠中行驶切忌打轮用力过猛，因为打轮过猛会增加沙子对轮胎的阻力，从而降低行驶速度。所以应尽量缓打方向盘。
3.
汽油经喷射装置直接喷入气缸,形成可燃混合气体,在缸体部分上部的雾气浓度较大,从而带动下部的稀薄气体,从而实现分层燃烧。
4.
有位哲人说:如果你不能成为大道,那你就当一条小路如果你不能成为太阳,那就当一颗星星。意思是说,如果你不能成为伟大的人,那就当好一个平凡的人。我却要说,无论你身处怎样的岗位,从事怎样的事业,肩负怎样的使命,都要有执着的精神,做一个最好的自己。
5.
张三丰叫道:“鞑子住手,休得行凶伤人!"急速扳橹,将渡船摇近,跟着身子纵起,大袖飘飘,从空中扑向小船。两名蒙古武官嗖嗖两箭,向他射来。张三丰袍袖挥动,两枝羽箭远远飞了出去,双定一踏上船板,左掌挥出,登时两名番僧摔出丈许,扑通、扑通两声,跌入了江中,众武官见他犹似飞将军由天而降,一出手便将两名武功甚强的番僧震飞,无不惊惧。
6.
阅读理解三大题型
细节题常见设问方式
特殊疑问词提问类型
How many/much ……What/who/when/where/why ……
例证题类型
The author gives the example in … paragraph in order to ……
表唯一细节概念题类型：……the most / ~ est …………the only ……
True or NOT true 是非判断类型
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
Which of the following statements is NOT true
Which of the following is NOT considered as ……
阅读理解4s阅读法
1.预读 Surveying
预读先读题干，划定位词，找“锚”
细节题划锚的三个原则：
① 时间、数字、人名、地名、大写字母优先划
② 独特的名词 > 独特动词 > 独特形容词和副词
③ 主人公或主题词不用划（到处都是），锚的数目 2-4 个之间理想。
56. Oprah got her first pair of shoes when she was ____years old.
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
57. Why was Oprah Winfrey fired
A. She was the same as the other reporters.
B. The tv station wanted to reduce its workers.
C. Her style was not suitable for news reporting.
D She was too famous.
58. When did the talk show Oprah begin
A. 1986
B. After she graduated from high school.
C. Before she worked for a morning talk show.
D.1981
59. What makes Oprah so popular according to the passage
A. It shares people' s joy and sadness.
B. It helps people solve problems.
C. It teaches people how to interview others.
D. It only tells famous people' s lives.
2. 寻读 Scanning
把文章快速扫描一遍，抓五句话，熟悉文章的排列顺序，了解文章主旨
① 首段首句
② 首段尾句
③ 尾段首句
④ 尾段尾句
⑤ 中间各段开头句
① According to Forbes magazine, Oprah Winfrey is one of the richest women in America. She has worked as a news reporter, movie actress, and author, but she is best known for her popular television talk show, Oprah.
② Life has not always been easy for Oprah. When she was young, her parents did not live together and she often moved house. Her family was poor, and Oprah did not have her first pair of shoes until she was six years old. But Oprah was smart, she learned how to read before she started school. and even from her young age Oprah loved to talk.
③ After graduating from high school, Oprah got a job as a newsreader at a television station in Baltimore. Oprah was very different from the other reporters. She laughed when she made a mistake, and cried if a story was sad Her style was not right for news reporting, so she was fired（解雇）.
④ Oprah’ s boss at the tv station offered her a job as the co-host of a morning talk show called People Are Talking. She was very popular on that show, and in 1981 Oprah moved to Chicago where she had a larger studio audience who loved her program so much. Five years later, her show Oprah was broadcast(广播) for the first time.
⑤ Every day, 14 million people watch Oprah in the USA and 130 other countries. she interviews not only famous people but also ordinary people, who she asks to talk about their personal problems. When a guest' s story moves her, she cries and opens her arms for a hug(拥抱). People throughout the USA and around the world feel close to Oprah because of her emotional(情感的) communication style.
①According to Forbes magazine, Oprah Winfrey is one of the richest women in America. ·············， but she is best known for her popular television talk show, Oprah.
② Life has not always been easy for Oprah. When she was young……
③After graduating from high school, Oprah got a job as a newsreader at a television station in Baltimore······
④Oprah s boss at the tv station offered her a job as the co-host of a morning talk show called People Are Talking. She was very popular……..
⑤Every day, 14 million people watch Oprah in the USA and 130 other countries. ………., People throughout the USA and around the world feel close to Oprah because of her emotional(情感的)communication style.
3. 跳读 Skimming
用“题文同序原则”，问什么读什么，脑子里带着锚去读文章
读文章时“凌波微步”
废话略读法：废话一扫而过“嗯嗯嗯···”
一旦找到“锚”慢下来，划下整个句子。
56. Oprah got her first pair of shoes when she was ____years old.
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
57. Why was Oprah Winfrey fired
A. She was the same as the other reporters.
B. The tv station wanted to reduce its workers.
C. Her style was not suitable for news reporting.
D She was too famous.
58. When did the talk show Oprah begin
A. 1986
B. After she graduated from high school.
C. Before she worked for a moming talk show.
D.1981
59. What makes Oprah so popular according to the passage
A. It shares people' s joy and sadness.
B. It helps people solve problems.
C. It teaches people how to interview others.
D. It only tells famous people' s lives.
2.
Life has not always been easy for Oprah. When she was young, her parents did not live together and she often moved house. Her family was poor, and Oprah did not have her first pair of shoes until she was six years old. But Oprah was smart, she learned how to read before she started school. and even from her young age Oprah loved to talk.
3.
After graduating from high school, Oprah got a job as a newsreader at a television station in Baltimore. Oprah was very different from the other reporters. She laughed when she made a mistake, and cried if a story was sad Her style was not right for news reporting, so she was fired（解雇）.
4.
Oprah’ s boss at the tv station offered her a job as the co-host of a morning talk show called people Are Talking. She was very popular on that show, and in 1981 Oprah moved to Chicago where she had a larger studio audience who loved her program so much. Five years later, her show Oprah was broadcast(广播) for the first time.
5.
Every day, 14 million people watch Oprah in the USA and 130
other countries. she interviews not only famous people but also ordinary people, who she asks to talk about their personal problems. When a guest' s story moves her, she cries and opens her arms for a hug(拥抱). People throughout the USA and around the world feel close to Oprah because of her emotional(情感的) communication style.
废话略读法
大量举例费心力
人地职构别抠细
让步转折作标记
According to Forbes magazine, Oprah Winfrey is one of the richest women in America. She has worked as a news reporter, movie actress, and author, but she is best known for her popular television talk show, Oprah.
定位到整个句子后，对比选项和整句
正确选项通常都是同义替换
同义=一模一样（原文、原词、原结构）
同义=近义词、同一个范畴词
同义=not+反义词（反说）
同义=原文的总结归纳
4. 精读 Studying
Which of the following statement is TURE
In many cultures ladybugs are believed to bring good luck.
B. Most of the ladybugs are harmful to crops.
C. Ladybugs live in many places except cities.
D. Winter is the best time for 7-spotted ladybugs to go out for food.
In many cultures, the ladybug is considered to be a symbol of good luck. Most ladybugs are kind to humans. They eat other insects which destroy crops. One ladybug can eat up to 5,000 insets in its lifetime.
Ladybugs have six short legs. They live in many different places, including green lands, forests, cities, the countryside and along rivers. Different ladybugs have different spots(a). Some of them don' t have spots at all. The most common kind in North America is the 7-spotted ladybug. The 7-spotted ladybugs are the most active from spring to autumn. when the weather tums cold, they look for a warm place to sleep, such as under stones or in houses.
路标词汇（出题角度）
一、转折常考；
二、条件因果关系常考；
三、中文翻译常考；
四、各段首尾句常考；
五、时间数字常考
……I was in a rush as always, but this time it was for an important date I just couldn't be late for! ……
41. Why was the writer in a hurry that day
A. He was to meet his girlfriend.
B. He had to go back to school soon.
C. He was delayed by an elderly lady.
D. He had to pick up some groceries.
① According to Forbes magazine, Oprah Winfrey is one of the richest women in America. She has worked as a news reporter, movie actress, and author, but she is best known for her popular television talk show, Oprah.
② Life has not always been easy for Oprah. When she was young, her parents did not live together and she often moved house. Her family was poor, and Oprah did not have her first pair of shoes until she was six years old. But Oprah was smart, she learned how to read before she started school. and even from her young age Oprah loved to talk.
③ After graduating from high school, Oprah got a job as a newsreader at a television station in Baltimore. Oprah was very different from the other reporters. She laughed when she made a mistake, and cried if a story was sad Her style was not right for news reporting, so she was fired（解雇）.
④ Oprah’ s boss at the tv station offered her a job as the co-host of a morning talk show called People Are Talking. She was very popular on that show, and in 1981 Oprah moved to Chicago where she had a larger studio audience who loved her program so much. Five years later, her show Oprah was broadcast(广播) for the first time.
⑤ Every day, 14 million people watch Oprah in the USA and 130 other countries. she interviews not only famous people but also ordinary people, who she asks to talk about their personal problems. When a guest' s story moves her, she cries and opens her arms for a hug(拥抱). People throughout the USA and around the world feel close to Oprah because of her emotional(情感的) communication style.
表示原因的词还有：in order to ; since ; so that ; due to ; As
62. When did the writer return to the store to talk about her problem
Morning of March 27.
B. Afternoon of March 27
C. Morning of March 28.
D. Afternoon of March 28
Mail sent at 7: 35 pm March 28
To: The Manager Clothes Horse Store
① I am writing to tell you about an annoying experience i have just had in your store
② Yesterday morning I bought a shirt from your store.....
③ I went back to store in the afternoon to return the shirt and exchange it for another...
④ I have bought things from your store many times.....
⑤ I look forward to hearing from you and working out this problem as soon as possible
Yours XXX
In the summer holidays, buses going to the town center will leave the school gate every hour on the half hour during the day. The dining room will serve three meals a day from 7: 00 a.m. to 7: 00pm. during the week and two meals from noon to 7: 00 p.m. at weekends. The library will keep its usual hours during the week, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5: 00 p.m.
At which of the following times will the bus leave the school gate
A.8:00,9:00,10:00,11:00
B.8:30,9:30,10:30,11:30
C.8:30,9:00,9:30,10:00
D.8:00,9:30,11:00,12:30
…It was a very hot afternoon, and we decided to cool off in the river near my home. As we climbed down a small rocky hill toward the water, my boyfriend John suddenly started to shout then jumped into the water below peter and Mary quickly followed but I was too far away to jump. I was trapped……
46. How many people went swimming that day
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
Have you ever thought of being able to fly around the world in a few hours though it is about 40,000 kilometers Now, maybe you can Last Saturday, the American x-43A airplane made its first flight It reached a speed of 8,000 kilometers an hour. This makes it the fastest plane in the world. X-43A is only three to four meters long, but it' s very heavy. it weighs 1, 270 kilos.
51. If the X-43A goes round the Earth, it will take about hours to finish the trip.
A.3
B.5
C.8
D.12
秒选原则
正确的>不知道的>肯定错的
绝对化的词几乎错：never，none，every，all，almost，nothing，most （最高级），the only……
避免常见陷阱
细节题中的小陷阱：
选项中部分是正确的，但是部分是不正确的。
选项是文章中的内容，但是题干中要求的不是一码事。
符合常识，但不是原文想要表达的。
与原句的内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动。
59. What makes Oprah so popular according to the passage
A. It shares people' s joy and sadness.
B. It helps people solve problems.
C. It teaches people how to interview others.
D. It only tells famous people' s lives.
①A long time ago, there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale(夜莺) singing very beautifully.
②One day, the emperor heard about this little birds beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring her to him. As soon as the emperor heard the nightingale's voice he said, “Put her in a golden cage, so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her.”
③The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him the bird could sing very beautifully, too.
④The emperor was pleased.
⑤Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs Just at that time, the emperor became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted it to sing once again. But the robot bird couldn’t sing any more Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.
⑥After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From
then on, all his people cherished（爱戴）him for his love and kindness.
Which of the following statement NOT is true
Both the nightingale and the robot bird had a beautiful voice.
B The emperor kept the nightingale in a golden cage in order to hear her sing at any time.
C. The nightingale was very happy after she was kept in the golden cage.
D. The emperor learnt from the nightingale what love and kindness was.