(共44张PPT)
外研版八年级下精品教学课件
Module 3
Journey to space
Unit 3
Language in use
To learn present perfect tense with “just”, “yet”, “already”.
To practise the use of present perfect tense with just, yet, already.
To learn the learning strategy of word map.
To make a poster about space travel.
1. ______________ a model spaceship.
我刚刚做了个宇宙飞船模型。
2. ____ it ____________
它已经到达了吗？
3. Astronauts ___________________ the moon.
宇航员已经去过月球了。
4. We _____________ life on any other planets _______.
我们还没有在其他星球发现生命。
I’ve just made
arrived yet
have already been to
yet
Has
have not found
一、常用于现在完成时的副词
just, already, ever和yet
1. just 刚刚，通常用在肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前。
e.g. Susan ________________ her homework.
Susan刚刚完成了她的作业。
has just finished
现在完成时 (2)
2. already 已经，通常用在肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前。
e.g. We __________________ the Great Wall.
我们已经参观了长城。
3. ever 曾经，通常用在疑问句或肯定句中。
e.g. — ____________________ America
—No. But _________________________.
—你曾去过美国吗？
—没有。但我曾去过英国。
have already visited
Have you ever been to
I have ever been to England
4. yet 还；尚未。常用在否定句或疑问句中，放句末。
e.g. Jack ______________________.
Jack还没有读过这本书。
Has your sister entered the speaking competition ______
你姐姐还没有报名参加演讲比赛吗？
hasn’t read the book yet
yet
词条 意义 用法
already 已经 肯定句中，放have/has之后，过去分词前
just 刚刚 肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前
ever 曾经 疑问句或肯定句中，放have/has之后，过去分词前
yet 还；尚未 否定句或疑问句中，放句末
【归纳】
already, just, ever, yet
二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在或虽未持续到现在但仍对现在有影响，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. —Would you like to watch the movie with me tomorrow
—Sorry, I _______________.
—你愿意明天和我一起看这部电影吗？
—对不起，我已经看过了。
have watched it
2. 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在不产生影响。表示过去的时间状语只能与一般过去时连用，不能与现在完成时连用。如：
—________________ Beijing
—Yes. I went there last year.
—你已经去过北京了吗？
—是的。我去年去的。
Have you been to
Spaceship on Mars!
Astronauts have (1) ________ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spaceship (2) has _______ arrived on Mars and it has (3) _______ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars We do not know (4) ________.
already
just
already
yet
Complete the news with already, just and yet.
have/has been to去过某地，现在已经回来了。
have/has gone to去某地了，这个人已经不在这里了。
have/has been to & have/has gone to
The spaceship has gone to Mars.
It has gone there, but it has not come back yet.
Astronauts have been to the moon. They went there and then they came back.
Look at these sentences.
1. Astronauts have been/gone to the moon and returned.
2. The spaceship has been/gone into space. It will travel for ten days.
3. The astronaut has been/gone to the space station. He will come back tomorrow.
Now choose the correct answer.
4. The spaceship has been/gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts.
Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.
have/has been have/has gone
1. A spaceship ________ to Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year.
has gone
2. Lots of astronauts __________ to the space station. They found it very interesting.
3. Some astronauts __________ to the moon twice.
4. Two British astronauts __________ to the space station. They will come back in January.
have been
have been
have gone
Nicky: I’ve just (1) ________ (watch) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2) __________ (discover) water on Mars
Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists (3) __________ (try) to find life on Mars now.
watched
discovered
are trying
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Nicky: Yes, they’re looking for life but they (4) ____________ (not find) anything yet.
Bill: There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. (5) _______ you ______ (see) them yet
Nicky: Yes. They’re amazing!
haven’t found
Have seen
Role-play the conversation.
Nicky: I’ve just watched a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have discovered water on Mars
Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists are trying to find life on Mars now.
Nicky: Yes, they’re looking for life but they haven't found anything yet.
Bill: There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. Have you seen them yet
Nicky: Yes. They’re amazing!
Complete the email with the words in the box.
been just met never read written yet
FROM: Liu Dan
TO: Li Fang
SUBJECT: I’ve found a great book.
Dear Li Fang,
I’ve (1) _______ finished reading a great book at school. I haven’t (2) ______ anything as good as that for a long time! It’s a story about the solar system. In the book, the writer imagines that astronauts have (3) ______ to Mars. I’ve (4) _______ thought about that before and I think it’s very interesting.
just
read
been
never
I haven’t (5) ______ anyone famous in my life but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut. I’ve (6) _______ to a Chinese astronaut for more information about space and his experience of space travel. I hope he will write back. He hasn’t (7) ______. Maybe he is too busy. I’m still waiting.
Best wishes,
Liu Dan
met
written
yet
been just met never read written yet
Listen and complete the notes.
1. The astronaut joined CNSA _______ years ago.
2. He has flown in a spaceship _______ times.
3. He felt _________ when he was in the spaceship.
six
two
excited
4. He has been to the space station _________.
5. The earth was blue and very __________ when he saw it from the space station.
6. He decided to be an astronaut because he has always been __________ in space.
twice
beautiful
interested
Tapescript:
Interviewer: Today’s programme is about space travel. I’m talking to an astronaut from CNSA. Hello, we’re interested to hear about your experiences in space. When did you join CNSA
Astronaut: Six years ago.
Interviewer: And how many times have you flown in a spaceship
Astronaut: Two times.
Interviewer: How did you feel when you were in the spaceship
Astronaut: I enjoyed it. It was very exciting.
Interviewer: Have you worked on the space station
Astronaut: Yes, I have. I’ve already been there twice.
Interviewer: Have you seen the earth from the space station
Astronaut: Yes, I have. It’s very blue, and very beautiful.
Interviewer: How wonderful! How did you feel when you saw it
Astronaut: I was so happy. I wanted to cry.
Interviewer: I’m sure. Tell me, why did you decide to become an astronaut
Astronaut: I’ve always been interested in space. It’s so exciting!
Interviewer: Do you think there’s life on other planets
Astronaut: Yes, I do. The universe is so big. There are so many galaxies, and so many solar systems.
Interviewer: But we haven’t found anything yet.
Astronaut: We’ve only just begun to look. Give us time!
Interviewer: (laughing) Another hundred years maybe Well, thank you for talking to us. It’s been great to talk to you.
Astronaut: Thank you.
Complete the word map with the words and expressions in the box.
astronaut, Mars, spaceship, space station,
the earth, the moon, the sun
SPACE
space travel
solar system
astronaut
Mars
spaceship
space station
the earth
the moon
the sun
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now add more words about space to the word map and write five sentences.
1. We’ve just read a story about a space station near the sun.
2. Astronauts haven’t been to the sun, because it’s too hot.
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
3. Spaceships are travelling in our solar system at the moment.
4. I am interested in space and the stars and planets in our galaxy.
5. I think scientists will send astronauts to Mars one day.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.
astronaut, discover, moon, news, reach, spaceship, yet
In July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first (1) __________ to walk on the (2) _________. People all around the world watched their televisions and waited for the (3) _________ to (4) _________ the earth.
astronaut
moon
news
reach
We have now (5) __________ a lot more about our solar system, and we have sent (6) __________ to Mars, but no one has walked on that planet (7) _________. But I believe one day someone will!
discovered
spaceships
yet
Around the world
Names of the days of the week
Many European languages use the names of the heavenly bodies for the days of the week. For example, in English, Saturday is named after the planet Saturn, the sixth planet from the sun. Sunday is the day of the sun, a traditional day of rest. Monday gets its name from the moon and is the day of the moon.
Module task
Making a poster about space travel
Work in groups. Choose a subject, for example, the first moon landing or China’s manned space travels. Look for some photos and information about it.
Write captions for the photos and use the information you found in Activity 10 to write a description of each one.
Give your poster a title. Put it up for your classmates to see.
Ⅰ. 根据语境选用have/has been或have/has gone填空。
1. My parents _____________ to Beijing before. They will take me there next month.
2. —Dad, where is mum
—She _____________ to the supermarket.
3. They _____________ to the Great Wall four times. They know the way.
have been
has gone
have been
4. —Where is your father, Tim
—He ____________ to Shanghai. He’ll be back in 3 days.
5. The Blacks aren’t at home. They _____________ to the park already.
6. Mike wants to go to the history museum again, although he ____________ there many times.
has gone
have gone
has been
Ⅱ. 根据所给英文提示语将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 你已经读完那本书了吗？ (finish doing)
_________________________________________________
2. 我父母已经在上海呆了一段时间了。 (for a long time)
_________________________________________________
3. 他们已经决定返回太空站。 (decide)
_________________________________________________
4. 我们从没有考虑过这个计划。 (think about)
_________________________________________________
5. 这个小男孩的父母还没有送他去学校。 (send ... to)
_________________________________________________
Have you finished reading that book
My parents have been in Shanghai for a long time.
They have already decided to return to the space station.
We have never thought about this plan.
The little boy’s parents haven’t sent him to a school yet.
language, if, understand, already, it, find, compare, possible, build, use
Ⅲ. 根据内容从方框中选择恰当的单词填空。
A British scientist has started a computer programme that could help catch messages from aliens (外星人). If we discover aliens one day, scientists worry their language may make it impossible (1)____________ them. But John Elliott of Leeds Metropolitan University in Britain has come up with a programme (2)__________. This programme can find out the structure (结构) of their (3)__________.
to understand
already
language
language, if, understand, already, it, find, compare, possible, build, use
Dr. Elliott’s programme would (4)________ an alien language to a database (数据库) of 60 different languages in the world to look for a similar (相似的) structure. He believes that even an alien language will have (5)________ own structure. “Language has to be structured in some way, or it will be hard (6)________,” he told New Scientist magazine.
Research shows that it is (7)________ to know if a signal (信号) carries a language.
compare
its
to use
possible
language, if, understand, already, it, find, compare, possible, build, use
Dr. Elliott has gone a step (步) further by (8)________ a way to pick out what might be words and sentences. Because languages have different word orders, Dr. Elliott (9)________ a library of the sentence structures of 60 human (人类的) languages.
(10)________ we receive a message from outer space, we could compare it to this database. Then we could see if it’s similar to any human language, or a mix of the languages.
finding
has built
If
There must be something you’ve done for years, such as studying English. Write 5 sentences using present perfect tense.
e.g. I have studied English for 6 years.
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Unit 3 同步练习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及括号内所给词语的提示，用适当的时态填空，每空一词（含缩略形式）。
1. When I left home, Mum ________ ________(watch) a film and I guess she ________ already ________(finish) watching it.
2. Jane doesn’t like climbing mountains, and so far she ________ ________ ________(never / climb) a mountain.
3. —________ Linda ________(get) back home yet
—Yes. She ________ ________ ________(just / arrive) home.
4. —How much money ________ I ________(give) you this morning
—Ten dollars. But I ________ ________(spend) it yet.
5. So far Jack ________ ________(learn) ten English words but he ________ ________(forget) them already.
Ⅱ. 根据括号内所给英文提示语将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 我爸爸现在不在家，因为他去上海了。 (have gone to)
_________________________________
2. 记得早点回来。 (come back)
_________________________________
3. 我去过长城三次。 (have been to)
_________________________________
4. 他是第一个使用这台机器的人。 (the first ... to)
_________________________________
5. 我希望有一天我们能在月球上生活。 (one day)
_________________________________
Ⅲ. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思完整、通顺，有的需要变换形式，每词限用一次。
find, everything, astronaut, one, possible, planet, universe, spaceship, but, happy
People are always interested in space. Many years ago, they looked up at the stars. Today people use modern machines to look at these (1)________. People really want to explore (探索) the (2)________. Well, when did people go into space for the first time The story began not so very long ago, but the first (3)________ were not people. They were animals.
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as safe as (4)________ for people. So they decided to experiment (做实验) with animals. Mice, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals that first went into space. Many of them died (5)________ they helped to make space travel safer for people. We shouldn’t forget those animals.
Albert II was the (6)________ monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died after his (7)________ landed back on the earth. For Ham the monkey, luckily the result (结果) was different. His story ended (8)________ when he returned to the earth in very good health.
Scientists wanted to (9)________ the answer to the important question: could an animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on the earth The answer came when scientists sent Ham into space in 1961. Yes, he did (10)________ well. And Ham lived for another 16 years.
答案
Ⅰ. 1. was watching; has; finished
2. has never climbed
3. Has; got; has just arrived
4. did; give; haven’t spent
5. has learned; has forgotten
Ⅱ. 1. My father isn’t at home now because he has gone to Shanghai.
2. Remember to come back early.
3. I have been to the Great Wall three times.
4. He is the first man to use the machine.
5. I hope we can live on the moon one day.
Ⅲ. 1. planets 2. universe
3. astronauts 4. possible
5. but 6. first
7. spaceship 8. happily
9. find 10. everything
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