牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance-Grammar and usage教案

Unit 1 Nature in the balance
Grammar and usage教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Grammar and usage 课时：1课时
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：在语境中学习和理解省略的用法。
能力目标：获取更多主题语境的信息，加深对主题意义的理解。
情感目标：在新语境中应用省略句。
教学重难点
教学重点：理解省略的用法。
教学难点：识别省略，并了解常见的省略现象。
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-reading
1. Greeting
2. Leading-in
教师活动：教师让学生阅读第6页的part A，并回答下列问题。
(1) What is the documentary about
It's about environmental protection./It's about some of the worst environmental problems we are facing today.
(2) How did Jack feel when watching the documentary
He felt worried when watching the documentary.
(3) What do the leading experts suggest doing to solve the environmental problems
Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.
学生活动：完成第6页part A下面对话。
②watch it ③I was ④call for ⑤Have you ⑥It/That
二、While-reading
学生活动：在教师的引导下，了解省略。
1.词法上的省略
动词不定式的省略
①有些动词（词组），如want，wish，expect，hope，would like，try，forget等后接动词不定式作宾语时，为了避免重复，动词不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略。
I asked him to eat out, but he didn't want to.我让他去外面吃，但他不想去。
You'd better not take medicine unless your doctor told you to.
除非医生叫你吃药，否则你最好不要吃药。
②感官动词（词组）see，look at，hear，listen to，watch 等和使役动词make，let，have等后面作宾补的动词不定式要省略to，但在此类动词（词组）的被动语态中，to不可省略。
They made the boy go to bed early.他们让这个男孩儿早睡。
The boy was made to go to bed early.这个男孩儿被迫早睡。
③当省略的动词不定式内含有be或作助动词用的have时，to后要保留be或have。
—Has Mike finished his project 迈克完成他的项目了吗
—He seems to have (finished his project). 他似乎已经完成了。
—Are you a farmer 你是农民吗
—No, but I used to be(a farmer).不是，但我过去是。
2.句法上的省略
（1）简单句中的省略
①在口语中，某些句子成分可以省略。
(Will you) Have a drink 你喝饮料吗
(Is there)Anything else to say 还有别的要说吗
②在对话中，针对问题进行回答时，答语常常省略与问句中相同的部分。
—Did you go to the museum yesterday 你昨天去博物馆了吗？
—No, I didn't (go to the museum yesterday). 没有，我昨天没去博物馆。
（2）并列句中的省略
①省略共同的主语或宾语。
Mr Li picked up an ID card on the road and (Mr Li) handed it to a policeman.
李先生在路上捡了一张身份证，并把它交给了警察。
Normally many bacteria are present in (the human body) and on the human body.
通常在人体内和人体上都存在许多细菌。
②省略由“助动词+主动词”构成的复合谓语。
John was given a pen and Alice a book.
给了约翰一支钢笔，给了爱丽丝一本书。（第二分句中省略了was given）。
Tom has written a poem and Peter a short story.
汤姆写了一首诗。彼得写了一部短篇小说。（第二分句中省略了has written）。
③若主语与谓语相同，则省略后一分句的主语和谓语。
His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.
他的建议使我高兴，却使吉姆生气。
（3）状语从句中的省略
①在 when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if/as though，as，whether等引导的状语从句中，若从句谓语是be动词的某种形式，而从句主语又跟主句的主语相同或从句主语是it时，则从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 横穿街道的时候要当心车辆。
His opinion, whether (it is) right or wrong, would be considered.
他的意见，无论对错，都会被考虑。
You shouldn't go to his party unless (you are) invited. 你不应该去他的聚会，除非你被邀请。
②在if it is possible, when it is necessary 等类似结构中，it is常可省略。
三、After-reading
教师活动：指导学生完成第7页B1。
1 I cannot watch the documentary this weekend, though I would like.
I cannot watch the documentary this weekend, though I would like to.
2 Cows live on land, and fish the water.
Cows live on land, and fish in the water.
3 The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than was 50 years ago.
The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than 50 years ago.
4 He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection, but he didn't do.
He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection, but he didn't.
5 When taking photos of wildlife, every effort should be made to ensure that we keep away from the animals.
When taking photos of wildlife, we should make every effort to ensure that we keep away from the animals.
学生活动：完成第7页B2。
Last weekend, I took part in a forest clean-up activity. It was organized by GreenHope, an organization devoted to protecting forests. At first I didn't want to (take part in the forest clean-up activity), but then I thought, "What if nobody goes Our team leader, Joe, took us to a forest outside the city. I was sad to see litter everywhere. There was a "No littering (is allowed here)" sign at the entrance to the forest, but that didn't stop people from throwing their rubbish on the ground.
Joe divided us into two groups: one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other (group) (cleaned up) the south side (of the forest). We worked for several hours and (we) were happy to see (that) the forest looked cleaner than (it had looked) before. It was absolutely worth our effort! There'll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. You can find Joe and sign up if (you're) willing to help. Everyone who takes part in the activity will receive a medal. I'll join you too if I have time.
四、Summary
归纳总结省略的用法。
五、作业布置
完成活动B3。