2022届高三英语二轮复习定语从句专题复习教案
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语二轮复习定语从句专题复习教案 |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 165.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-19 10:37:24 | ||
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定语从句专题：
Learning objectives：
Sum up the usage of “that，which，who，whom or whose”in attributive clauses through discovering，analyzing and comparing；
Summarize the usages of “when，where，why”introducing attributive clauses by finding，comparing and analyzing；
Summarize the usages of attributive clause introduced by “a preposition+whom/which” by finding，comparing and analyzing.
知识精讲：
一. 定语的定义
可以用来修饰或者限定名词或者代词的成分。作定语的成分既可以是单个的词，也可以是短语，还可以是从句。
1. a lovely girl/something important
2. a girl in red
3. a girl standing on the platform
4. a girl dressed in red
5. a girl who is dressed in red
二. 定语从句的概念及要素
1. 概念:在复合句中用来修饰或者限定名词或者代词的从句。
2. 要素:
（1）先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
（2）关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:
①引导定语从句；
②代替先行词；
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the man, “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词 the man,在定语从句中作主语。
根据关系词在从句中所做的成分，我们可以把关系词分为：关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
三．关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
△注意:关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom/who )you met just now is my old friend.
3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5. whose 通常指人，也可指物,在定语从句中做定语，翻译为“的”。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
四．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
△注意：
1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking. (误)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom，不可用 who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用 that。关系代词是所有格时用 whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.(正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbor.(误)
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他 的父母,他们俩待他都很好。
五．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
△注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。
Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live. 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。
The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear. 他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。
六. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别
1. 形式上：
限制:不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
非限制:用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
2. 意义上：
前者：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
后者：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：
Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.
她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(含义：她还有其他哥哥。)
Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。(含义：她只有一个哥哥。)
All the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。)
All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。(意含：没有不带插图的书。)
△限制性定语从句中只能用 that 引导定语从句的情况
①当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some 等代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等代词修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗
There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。
All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。
There is little that I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。
②当先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
③当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
④当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。
⑤当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时。
Who is the man that is standing by the gate 站在门口的那个人是谁？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？
⑥当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。
△关系代词 as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句
as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：
①as 和 which 都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。
He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。
He is honest, as / which we can see. 他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。
②as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。
As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。
He is from the south, as we can know from his accent. 他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。
典例精析：
1.The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
解析：先行词The little problems在定语从句中作动词meet的宾语，指物，所以应用关系代词that引导该从句。句意为：我们在日常生活中所遇到的那些小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。因此选A。
2.I live next door to a couple_____ children often make a lot of noise.
A. whose B. why C. where D. which
解析：根据题干可知，先行词为a couple，设空处在定语从句中作children的定语，因此选择whose。句意为：我隔壁住着一对夫妻，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。因此选A。
3.Opposite is St. Paul's Church _______ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析：先行词为St. Paul's Church，定语从句缺少地点状语，由此可知关系词应用where。句意为：你们在对面的圣保罗教堂能听到一些动人的音乐。因此选D。
4.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from a library last week, _______ my classmates recommended to me.
A. who B. which C. when D. where
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes，从句中recommended后缺少宾语成分，故用关系代词which引导。句意为：我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书，这本书是我的同学推荐给我的。因此选B。
5. Yesterday I went back to my primary school, ______ my teachers and I recalled our good old days.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析：分析该句结构可知，本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为my primary school，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。句意为：昨天我回到了我的小学，在那里我和我的老师们一起回忆了我们美好的旧日时光。因此选D。
6.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. who B. which C. when D. what
解析：先行词为The days表示时间，从句句子结构完整，故用关系副词when引导。句意为：靠体力谋生的日子已经过去了。因此选C。
7.Travel deals ________ sound too good probably come with big risks.
A. who B. that C. when D. where
解析：Travel deals为先行词，且在从句中作主语，表示事物，故用关系代词that引导。句意为：听起来太好的旅游交易也许伴随着巨大的风险。因此选B。
8.They will run an after-class club _______ kids can have fun and learn how to protect themselves.
A. that B. when C. where D. what
解析：先行词为“ an after-class club ”，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。句意为：他们将开办一家课外俱乐部，在那里孩子们可以愉快玩耍并且学习如何保护自己。因此选C。
题型精练：
（一）基础过关
1. ---Have you heard any news about Sarah
----Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, _____ surprised everyone.
A. Who B. that C. which D. it
2. According to the author, those ________ enjoy reading will never feel lonely.
A. when B. who C. where D. which
3. We have a learning center ______ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
4. I gave some money to John, _____ house was destroyed in the flood.
A. Which B. what C. who D. whose
5. Scott was amazed by the Great Wall, _______ he described as the greatest attraction in Beijing.
A. where B. which C. what D. why
6. Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day ______ he can show his talent at school.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
7. It is the talent and hard work of the musical group ______ allows them to win over many fans.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
8. It snowed heavily all night, ______ really annoyed everyone.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
9. Mr. Sawyer started his career at Stanford University, _____ he became Professor of Physics in 2020.
A. which B. where C. when D. that
10. Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments _______ we can only keep silent.
who B. which C. when D. why
（二）强化训练
11. This year’s children’s party, ______ some parents were invited to, was a great success.
A. which B. why C. whose D. where
12. Mobike is a popular service ______ brings convenience to us.
A. which B. where C. when D. who
13. I got the kids to clean the house this morning, ______ made a great break for me.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
14. We really appreciate our learning environment, ________ we can have open and friendly communication.
A. whose B. which C. where D. what
15. The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.
A. that B. where C. which D. why
16. The total number of shared bikes, _____ are easy to rent through smart phone apps, is increasing rapidly.
A. which B. why C. that D. who
17. We are living in an age ______ QR codes（二维码）are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.
A. why B. that C. whose D. when
18. We have a learning center ______ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
19. Look up in the dictionary the words ________ meanings you are not sure about.
A. that B. why C. where D. whose
20. I have never been to Rome but that’s the city _____.
A. where I most like to visit B. Id most like to visit
C. which I most like to visit it D. what Id like to visit
21. The band, _________ members are all over 70， is currently on tour all over country.
A. whose B. who C. which D. What
22. I will never forget my experience in Africa, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
23. His father had three part-time jobs, ___brought in some extra money for her family.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
24. The Twins Days Festival, ______ began in 1975, is the largest annual gathering of twins.
A. that B. which C. who D. when
25. Scott was amazed by the Great Wall, _______ he described as the greatest attraction in Beijing.
A. where B. which C. what D. why
26. The Centre became a place _____ many came to talk about their hopes and fears.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
27. Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments _______ we can only keep silent.
A. who B. which C. when D. why
28. The project aims to get kids to a stage called deep reading, _____ they can read to learn.
A. which B. where C. that D. what
29. Molly is an impressive photographer, _______ pictures have appeared in many magazines.
A. who B. which C. whose D. what
（三）拓展提高
31. Many universities share teaching resources online, creating a learning space ______ benefits life--long learners.
A. how B. what C. which D. where
32. Please go through the text and underline the words ______ meanings you dont know.
A. when B. where C. whose D. that
33. Everyone tried to help the family _________ house had burned down in the fire.
A. why B. whose C. where D. which
34. An elephant _________ is the earths largest land animal has few natural enemies other than human beings.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
35. We were grateful to Mr. Marks, in _______ car we had travelled home on the rainy night.
A. which B. whom C. that D. whose
36. It was an exciting moment for us, ________ our basketball team won the champion for the first time.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair.
A. which B. whose C. what D. that
38. About an hour after sunrise, I rode across the countryside _______ birds were singing.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
39. Harry Potter has made reading popular again, ______ is why parents and teachers like the book, too.
A. that B. who C. which D. what
40. The Alibaba Group, _____ was founded in 1999, has become Chinas largest e-commerce company.
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
41. The glorious moment would live in my mind ________ our football team won the championship.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
42. A student _____ friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades.
A. who B. that C. whose D. whom
43. His mother made Greg orange juice every day, _____ would help his discovery.
A. which B. who C. when D. that
44. They reached the top pf the mountain __________ they could see the highway wandering before them.
A. which B. why C. whose D. where
45. My uncle has a large greenhouse in his garden _____ he grows vegetables in winter.
A. which B. where C. when D. whose
46. Jack will hold a meeting ______ people can voice their opinions on todays global economy.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
47. Prince William took a visit to the Forbidden City on Feb. 28, ______ emperors once lived.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
48. Steve, the vacation is coming soon. Have you found a summer job yet
I suppose I can work at the boys camp _____ I worked last summer.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
49. My office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ______ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
50. Visitors can see the large diamond, ______ has been kept at the Tower since the 17th century.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
定从基础过关答案：1~5 CBCDB 6~10 ABABC
定从强化训练答案：11~15 AADCB 16~20 ADCDB
21~25 ABCBB 26~30 CCBC
定从拓展训练答案：31~35 CCBBD 36~40 DBACA
41~45 ACADB 46~50 CCBDA
Learning objectives：
Sum up the usage of “that，which，who，whom or whose”in attributive clauses through discovering，analyzing and comparing；
Summarize the usages of “when，where，why”introducing attributive clauses by finding，comparing and analyzing；
Summarize the usages of attributive clause introduced by “a preposition+whom/which” by finding，comparing and analyzing.
知识精讲：
一. 定语的定义
可以用来修饰或者限定名词或者代词的成分。作定语的成分既可以是单个的词，也可以是短语，还可以是从句。
1. a lovely girl/something important
2. a girl in red
3. a girl standing on the platform
4. a girl dressed in red
5. a girl who is dressed in red
二. 定语从句的概念及要素
1. 概念:在复合句中用来修饰或者限定名词或者代词的从句。
2. 要素:
（1）先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
（2）关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:
①引导定语从句；
②代替先行词；
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the man, “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词 the man,在定语从句中作主语。
根据关系词在从句中所做的成分，我们可以把关系词分为：关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
三．关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
△注意:关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom/who )you met just now is my old friend.
3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5. whose 通常指人，也可指物,在定语从句中做定语，翻译为“的”。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
四．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
△注意：
1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking. (误)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom，不可用 who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用 that。关系代词是所有格时用 whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.(正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbor.(误)
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他 的父母,他们俩待他都很好。
五．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
△注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。
Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live. 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。
The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear. 他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。
六. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别
1. 形式上：
限制:不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
非限制:用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
2. 意义上：
前者：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
后者：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：
Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.
她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(含义：她还有其他哥哥。)
Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。(含义：她只有一个哥哥。)
All the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。)
All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。(意含：没有不带插图的书。)
△限制性定语从句中只能用 that 引导定语从句的情况
①当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some 等代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等代词修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗
There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。
All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。
There is little that I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。
②当先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
③当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
④当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。
⑤当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时。
Who is the man that is standing by the gate 站在门口的那个人是谁？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？
⑥当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。
△关系代词 as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句
as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：
①as 和 which 都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。
He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。
He is honest, as / which we can see. 他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。
②as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。
As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。
He is from the south, as we can know from his accent. 他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。
典例精析：
1.The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
解析：先行词The little problems在定语从句中作动词meet的宾语，指物，所以应用关系代词that引导该从句。句意为：我们在日常生活中所遇到的那些小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。因此选A。
2.I live next door to a couple_____ children often make a lot of noise.
A. whose B. why C. where D. which
解析：根据题干可知，先行词为a couple，设空处在定语从句中作children的定语，因此选择whose。句意为：我隔壁住着一对夫妻，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。因此选A。
3.Opposite is St. Paul's Church _______ you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析：先行词为St. Paul's Church，定语从句缺少地点状语，由此可知关系词应用where。句意为：你们在对面的圣保罗教堂能听到一些动人的音乐。因此选D。
4.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from a library last week, _______ my classmates recommended to me.
A. who B. which C. when D. where
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes，从句中recommended后缺少宾语成分，故用关系代词which引导。句意为：我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书，这本书是我的同学推荐给我的。因此选B。
5. Yesterday I went back to my primary school, ______ my teachers and I recalled our good old days.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
解析：分析该句结构可知，本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为my primary school，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。句意为：昨天我回到了我的小学，在那里我和我的老师们一起回忆了我们美好的旧日时光。因此选D。
6.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. who B. which C. when D. what
解析：先行词为The days表示时间，从句句子结构完整，故用关系副词when引导。句意为：靠体力谋生的日子已经过去了。因此选C。
7.Travel deals ________ sound too good probably come with big risks.
A. who B. that C. when D. where
解析：Travel deals为先行词，且在从句中作主语，表示事物，故用关系代词that引导。句意为：听起来太好的旅游交易也许伴随着巨大的风险。因此选B。
8.They will run an after-class club _______ kids can have fun and learn how to protect themselves.
A. that B. when C. where D. what
解析：先行词为“ an after-class club ”，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。句意为：他们将开办一家课外俱乐部，在那里孩子们可以愉快玩耍并且学习如何保护自己。因此选C。
题型精练：
（一）基础过关
1. ---Have you heard any news about Sarah
----Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, _____ surprised everyone.
A. Who B. that C. which D. it
2. According to the author, those ________ enjoy reading will never feel lonely.
A. when B. who C. where D. which
3. We have a learning center ______ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
4. I gave some money to John, _____ house was destroyed in the flood.
A. Which B. what C. who D. whose
5. Scott was amazed by the Great Wall, _______ he described as the greatest attraction in Beijing.
A. where B. which C. what D. why
6. Little Tom has been looking forward to the big day ______ he can show his talent at school.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
7. It is the talent and hard work of the musical group ______ allows them to win over many fans.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
8. It snowed heavily all night, ______ really annoyed everyone.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
9. Mr. Sawyer started his career at Stanford University, _____ he became Professor of Physics in 2020.
A. which B. where C. when D. that
10. Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments _______ we can only keep silent.
who B. which C. when D. why
（二）强化训练
11. This year’s children’s party, ______ some parents were invited to, was a great success.
A. which B. why C. whose D. where
12. Mobike is a popular service ______ brings convenience to us.
A. which B. where C. when D. who
13. I got the kids to clean the house this morning, ______ made a great break for me.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
14. We really appreciate our learning environment, ________ we can have open and friendly communication.
A. whose B. which C. where D. what
15. The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.
A. that B. where C. which D. why
16. The total number of shared bikes, _____ are easy to rent through smart phone apps, is increasing rapidly.
A. which B. why C. that D. who
17. We are living in an age ______ QR codes（二维码）are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.
A. why B. that C. whose D. when
18. We have a learning center ______ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
19. Look up in the dictionary the words ________ meanings you are not sure about.
A. that B. why C. where D. whose
20. I have never been to Rome but that’s the city _____.
A. where I most like to visit B. Id most like to visit
C. which I most like to visit it D. what Id like to visit
21. The band, _________ members are all over 70， is currently on tour all over country.
A. whose B. who C. which D. What
22. I will never forget my experience in Africa, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
23. His father had three part-time jobs, ___brought in some extra money for her family.
A. who B. that C. which D. where
24. The Twins Days Festival, ______ began in 1975, is the largest annual gathering of twins.
A. that B. which C. who D. when
25. Scott was amazed by the Great Wall, _______ he described as the greatest attraction in Beijing.
A. where B. which C. what D. why
26. The Centre became a place _____ many came to talk about their hopes and fears.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
27. Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments _______ we can only keep silent.
A. who B. which C. when D. why
28. The project aims to get kids to a stage called deep reading, _____ they can read to learn.
A. which B. where C. that D. what
29. Molly is an impressive photographer, _______ pictures have appeared in many magazines.
A. who B. which C. whose D. what
（三）拓展提高
31. Many universities share teaching resources online, creating a learning space ______ benefits life--long learners.
A. how B. what C. which D. where
32. Please go through the text and underline the words ______ meanings you dont know.
A. when B. where C. whose D. that
33. Everyone tried to help the family _________ house had burned down in the fire.
A. why B. whose C. where D. which
34. An elephant _________ is the earths largest land animal has few natural enemies other than human beings.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
35. We were grateful to Mr. Marks, in _______ car we had travelled home on the rainy night.
A. which B. whom C. that D. whose
36. It was an exciting moment for us, ________ our basketball team won the champion for the first time.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair.
A. which B. whose C. what D. that
38. About an hour after sunrise, I rode across the countryside _______ birds were singing.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
39. Harry Potter has made reading popular again, ______ is why parents and teachers like the book, too.
A. that B. who C. which D. what
40. The Alibaba Group, _____ was founded in 1999, has become Chinas largest e-commerce company.
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
41. The glorious moment would live in my mind ________ our football team won the championship.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
42. A student _____ friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades.
A. who B. that C. whose D. whom
43. His mother made Greg orange juice every day, _____ would help his discovery.
A. which B. who C. when D. that
44. They reached the top pf the mountain __________ they could see the highway wandering before them.
A. which B. why C. whose D. where
45. My uncle has a large greenhouse in his garden _____ he grows vegetables in winter.
A. which B. where C. when D. whose
46. Jack will hold a meeting ______ people can voice their opinions on todays global economy.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
47. Prince William took a visit to the Forbidden City on Feb. 28, ______ emperors once lived.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
48. Steve, the vacation is coming soon. Have you found a summer job yet
I suppose I can work at the boys camp _____ I worked last summer.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
49. My office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ______ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
50. Visitors can see the large diamond, ______ has been kept at the Tower since the 17th century.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
定从基础过关答案：1~5 CBCDB 6~10 ABABC
定从强化训练答案：11~15 AADCB 16~20 ADCDB
21~25 ABCBB 26~30 CCBC
定从拓展训练答案：31~35 CCBBD 36~40 DBACA
41~45 ACADB 46~50 CCBDA