2022年牛津深圳版中考英语阅读理解之--推理判断解题技巧及练习（无答案）

中考英语阅读理解之---推理判断解题技巧
这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，才能获得正确答案。应从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如：时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。
下面我们一起来看一篇文章，希望你先做完然后再看分析。
根据蛛丝马迹，推断文章隐含意义
例1：2021年东城一模
Is life really better than it was 100 years ago It is certainly true that people live longer than they used to, travel faster than they could and own more things than they did. But they still have to suffer from noise, overcrowding and bad air which are still a basic part of modern life.
100 years ago there was a clear difference between town and country. But the motor car has changed all that. One motorway can take up a huge amount of land. Cars are also a basic part of modern life.
But industry and modern life do not have to be enemies of beauty. We can have both beauty and progress. In fact, we need clean rivers and open countryside just as much as people did 100 years ago. But nowadays the problem is that it’s becoming more and more difficult to have open land, clean water and fresh air.
53. From the passage, we can infer that ________.
A. beauty in nature can be considered as the enemy of modern life
B. there’s a big difference between town and country nowadays
C. life today is certainly better than it was 100 years ago
D. the environment is as important as development
技巧点拨一：
紧紧抓住所给文章,决不能脱离 原文__凭空想像；
练一练：2021年东城二模
“Have you ever noticed how people always use the same colours for the same things ” says Verity. “Our toothpaste is always white or blue or maybe red. It’s never green. Why not For some reason we think that blue and white is clean, while we think of green products(产品)as being a bit unpleasant. It’s the same for businesses. We respect a company which writes its name in blue or black, but we don’t respect one that uses pink or orange. People who design（设计）new products can use these ideas to influence what we buy.”
54. What can you infer from Paragraph 2
A. Colours influence people’s feelings and opinions. B. People get ideas for new products from colours.
C. New products are popular because of colours. D. Most companies prefer bright colours.
打开作者内心之门，推断其观点或态度
例2：2020东城二模
　 I guess it is not really surprising that DIY programmes are so popular. Two common sayings in Britain----“an Englishman’s home is his castle” and “there’s no place like home”----show how important our houses are to us. With the recent economic downturn, many people can’t afford to buy a bigger house so they are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. DIY is the perfect choice.
　　But be careful! I read a report that said over 230,000 people were hurt while doing home improvements in the UK in just one year, including 41,000 who fell off steps and 5,800 who were seriously hurt by tools.
　　I won’t be going down to the hardware store. I’d rather watch DIY on TV with a nice cup of tea!
　　
56．From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer __________.
　　A. thinks DIY is a good way to relax B. likes watching DIY programme
　　C. is becoming interested in DIY D. has no plan to do DIY himself
技巧点拨二：
深入理解作者在字里行间渗透出来的深层含义,决不能用自己的观点来主观臆断作者的观点；
练一练：2021通州二模
The note read, “Call Margaret at 555-6167.” As a car instructor (教员), I often got calls from people to repair their cars. I dialed. A voice answered, “I have something to tell you.”
“All right,” I answered, looking at the clock. I only had a few minutes before I went back to class. “Yesterday I was driving when my car started acting up (出故障). It was late at night. I was so afraid to stop the car to the side of the rode, but finally my car just broke down. I sat there wondering what to do.”
I really needed to get back to class. “Would you like me to look at your car ” I asked.
“Let me finish. Suddenly, two young men came. I didn’t know what they were going to do. I was so scared.”
“They asked me what happened and said they might be able to get the car running again. I sat in the car hoping that these men weren’t doing something bad. A few minutes later, they started the car. It started right up! They told me the car would be fine but that I should get it checked out.”
“And you’d like me to look at it, right ” I asked.
“No,” the woman went on. “I was so thankful. I offered them money, but they wouldn’t take it. Then they told me they were former (以前的) students of yours.”
“What ” I asked in surprise. “Who were they ”
“They didn’t tell me. They just gave me your name and the school’s name and made me call to thank you. I hope you know how thankful I am.”
I didn’t know what to say. I always tried to teach students to be honest and other things about life — use what you know to help others. My students helped someone because of what I had taught them in my classroom. I had just got the greatest reward a teacher could ever get.
52. We can infer that the author was _____.
A. pleasant for what his students had done
B. proud of his students’ driving skill
C. unhappy for being late for class D. glad that Margaret’s car had been well
纵观全局，推断写作目的
例3：2020年海淀一模
The “halo effect” is a classic finding in social psychology. It is the idea that general evaluations (评价)　about a person (e.g. she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits（品质）(e.g. she is intelligent). Hollywood stars give the perfect example. Because they are often attractive and likeable, we naturally consider they are also intelligent, friendly and so on. That is, sometimes, not true.
Why does the author mention Hollywood stars in the first paragraph
A. To help us to evaluate others.
B. To explain what the halo effect is.
C. To show us the background of the story.
D. To tell us Hollywood stars are not truly friendly.
技巧点拨三：全面理解文章,统观全文,决不能以细节代替___整体___
练一练：2021年海淀二模
A Native American and his friend were in downtown New York City, walking near Times Square in Manhattan. It was during the noon lunch hour and the streets were filled with the noise of people and cars. Suddenly, the Native American said, “I hear a cricket (蟋蟀).”
His friend said, “What You must be crazy. You couldn’t possibly hear a cricket in all of this noise!” “No, I’m sure of it,” the Native American said, “I heard a cricket.” “That’s crazy,” said the friend.
The Native American listened carefully for a moment, and then walked across the street to a big wall. There they saw bushes (灌木). He looked into the bushes, and sure enough, he found a small cricket. His friend was quite amazed. “That’s unbelievable,” said his friend. “You must have superhuman ears!”
“No,” said the Native American. “My ears are not different from yours. It all depends on what you’re listening for.” “But that can’t be!” said the friend. “I could never hear a cricket in this noise.”
“Yes, it’s true,” came the reply. “It depends on what is really important to you. Here, let me show you.” He reached into his pocket, pulled out a few coins, and dropped them on the sidewalk. And then, with the noise of the crowded street still in their ears, they noticed every head within 20 feet turn and look to see if the money was theirs.
“See what I mean ” asked the Native American. “It all depends on what’s important to you.”
52. The writer wants to tell _______.
A. people believe what they heard
B. people wonder what is important to them
C. people can hear different sounds
D. people pay more attention to what is important to them
追查根源，推断文章出处
例4：2021年昌平二模
Each person has different learning preferences and ways which do good to them, including visual, auditory, logical, social, solitary or tactile. It is useful for people to discover some learning styles that work best for them or ways that are better in certain situations. It is also possible for people to work out new ways of learning in the near future.
To get the most out of your time studying, it is very helpful to find out your personal learning preferences and styles. It is very beneficial to know the learning styles that are best for you when selecting a major, preparing for a test and even selecting a future job.
57. Who might be the writer of this passage
A. Someone who studies at people. B. Someone who studies at testing.
C. Someone who studies at maths. D. Someone who studies at language.
58. Where can people probably find this passage
A. In a public newspaper. B. In a short storybook.
C. In a school magazine. D. In a personal diary.
技巧点拨四：决不能把事实陈述理解为____推理___判断。
练一练：2020年大兴一模
(
Are You an Active Reader
Before you use the book, take a minute to think about your reading habits, and your strong and weak points when reading in English.
Do you enjoy reading in English
A. Yes
B. No
How much time do your spend each day reading in
English
A. More than an hour B. About an hour
C. Less than an hour
What types of
material
do you read in English
A. Newspapers and
magazines
B. Textbooks and poetry C. Letters from
friends
You read these materials for_________
A. pleasure
B. duty
C. money
Which of the following would you most like to improve
A. Reading skills
B. Understanding
C. Reading speed
★ If your answers to the questions are all As, then,
congratulations
! You are
an active
reader now. You can find more interesting things on www. .
)
50. This passage may come from a ______.
A. newspaper B. magazine C. web-site D. book