2022年人教版中考重点语法6.基数词与序数词的讲解与练习（word版，无答案）

中考三年重点语法-七年级部分
六．基数词与序数词讲解与练习（适用于初一 初二 初三）
数词分为基数词和序数词：①表示数量多少的数词叫做基数词，如一one,二 two,三 three等；②表示顺序的数词叫做序数词，如第一first，第二second，第三third等…..
（一）基数词
1.基数词的拼写
(1)one—twelve, 无规律可言，应逐一记忆。
(2)thirteen—nineteen, 表示＂十几＂，在个位数后加后缀-teen。
特殊注意：：thirteen(13), fifteen(15), eighteen(18)，不满足规律。
(3)twenty到ninety, 表示＂几十＂，以-ty结尾。
特殊注意：twenty(20)，thirty(30)， forty(40)，fifty(50)，eighty(80)不满足规律。
(4)＂几十几＂的表达方法：用整十数加个位数表示，中间用连字符＂-＂把整十数和个位数连接起来。如：twenty-five(25)，sixty-eight(68)，无特殊情况。
(5)一百的表示方法为one hundred或a hundred。要表示＂几百＂，用具体数字加上hundred，如five hundred(500)，注意此时的hundred是单数形式。表示＂几百几＂时，要在百位数和十位数(或个位数)之间加and。如：one hundred and two(102)。
2.基数词的用法
（1）基数词只能修饰可数名词，要注意数词和名词在数上要保持一致。
one banana 一根香蕉
________boys 五个男孩 ________maps 十张地图
（2）hundred, thousand(千)million（百万）billion（千万）等的复数形式可表示不确定的数目。在这种情况下它们须用复数形式，且后面要加of,如：hundreds of(成百上千)；millions of(数以百万)。当这些词前有准确的基数词时，则用单数，不用of，如：six hundred(600);seven million(7000000).
hundreds of teachers 数百位老师 five hundred trees 五百课树
thousands of students数千位学生 three thousand trees 三千棵树
例题：
We plant ____________trees every year.
A. hundreds of B. hundred of
C. five hundreds D. five hundred of
（二）序数词
序数词用来表示事物的顺序，其前常加定冠词the。
1. 序数词的构成：
(1)英语中1～19的序数词，除了first，second，third外，其余均由基数词加-th构成。
特殊注意：fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth不满足规律。
(2)以-ty结尾的基数词，变为序数词时，将y变为i，再加-eth。如：twenty→twentieth第二十。
(3)＂几十几＂以上的基数词，变为序数词时，只把个位数变为序数词。如：thirty-five→thirty-fifth第三十五。
(4)序数词缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字后面加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。如：23rd→twenty-third第二十三。
2. 序数词的用法：
(1)序数词可以用来表示顺序、编号等，但要放在名词前面。如：the second picture第二幅图。
(2)序数词可以表示＂几月几日＂中的＂几日＂。
June 5th 6月5日
(3)序数词前面通常要加三类词：定冠词the，形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰，选其一中。
That is the fourth book. 那是第四本书。
This is Mike’s twelfth birthday. 这是迈克的第十二个生日。
练习1.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Mary is happy, because it’s her ________(nine) birthday today.
2. He is always the ________(one) one to come, but the last one to go.
3. Today is ________(Bob) birthday.Let’s have a party for him.
4. Mike and Tom are ________(thirteenth) years old this year.
5. The ________(twelve) month of the year is December.
练习2.单选
1.— A recent survey shows that 35 out of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.
— About of the students made such a choice Life is far more important, isn't it
A. half B. one third C. three quarters
2.As we all know, water covers about ________ of the Earth.
A. two three B. two third C. two thirds D. second three
3.The students in this school plant _____trees every year.
A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of
4.—We'll celebrate the National Day this year.
—That's really exciting.
A. seventy B. seventeen C. seventieth
5.— The number of the students in our school is about nine _____.
— I see. ______ of them are boys.
A. hundred; Two thirds B. hundred; Two third
C. hundreds; Two thirds D. hundreds; Two third
6.I'm in __________. What about you
A. Class One B. One Class C. class one D. one class
7.A few years later, Lu Yu mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
8.Basketball is so exciting that people play it for fun.
A. million B. two millions C. million of D. millions of
9.It's never too old to learn. Mars began to learn English in his ____
A. The fiftieth B. fiftieth C. fifty D. fifties
10.—We have only _____ kinds of T-shirts. Which one would you like
—The ______ one. I prefer the color.
A. three, third B. third, three C. three, three D. third, third
11.Mrs Green has ____daughters,and mary is her _____daughter.
A. two;two B. two;second C. second;two D. second;second
12.There are about two ________ students in the newly built school.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
e on, baby. We have already done _________ of the work.
A. two-three B. two-third C. two-thirds D. second-three
14.There are more than one hundred teachers in our school. ________ of them are _______.
A. Two fifth, man teachers B. Second fifths, men teacher C. Two fifths, men teachers
15.There are ___ floors in the building and my home is on the ____ floor.
A. twenty; fifteenth B. twenty; fifteen C. twentieth; fifteen D. twentieth; fifteenth
16.The snowstorm brought disaster to ________ people.
A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousand
17.About of the students in our class were born in the .
A. two thirds; 2000s B. two threes; 2000s C. two third; 2000 D. two thirds; 2000
18._______of the newspaper in the world are written in English.
A. Three quarter B. Three-fourths C. Three-fourth D. Third-four
19.—When is your birthday —It's on January_______.
A. twelve B. twenty C. ninth D. nineth
20.— What did you see on the large farm last Sunday
— Oh, I saw about three ________ hens and _________ of eggs.
A. hundred; hundreds B. hundreds; thousands
C. thousands; thousand D. hundred; thousand
练习3语法填空
1.Peter and his wife are celebrating their ________(five)wedding anniversary (结婚纪念日).
2.Look! Thai is my________(one) English teacher．
3.Many women have babies in their ________(thirty) because of the two-child policy.
4.The ________ (seventy) birthday of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy(中共人民解放军海军) was celebrated on April 23rd in Qingdao.
5.The ________ (five) talent show gave us a big surprise.
6.India has the ________(two) largest population with 1.1 billion in the world.
7.That story happened at the beginning of the________(twenty) century.
8.Mum, one ________(five) of the girls wear glasses in my class.
9.I need to go to the library, and if I post the letter on the way, I'll be killing two birds with ________ (first) stone.
10.Look! The ________ lady from the left in the photo is my favorite teacher. (six)