人教版（新课程标准）必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes定语从句课件（57张PPT）

(共57张PPT)
The Attributive clause 1
定语从句
Grammar
Unit 4
The kinds of attribute(定语):
1.He is an honest boy.
2. We love our country.
3. What’s your telephone number
4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
5.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.
修饰, 限定
The positions of the attribute:
（定语的位置）
1. This is a flower basket.
2. This is a basket full of flowers.
3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）
定语从句的定义：
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。
The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.
主句
定语从句
先行词
关系词
The girl is Mary.
Mary is brave and clever.
关系代词 :who, whom, whose ,that,which,as
关系副词:where﹑when﹑why
关系词
which 指物，在句中
作主语或宾语，作宾
语时可以省略。
e.g. I’m not interested in the book which has just been published.
I showed him the letter.
I received it this morning
I showed him the letter
(which) I received this
morning.
The apple is mine.
The apple is mine.
The apple is yours.
The apple is small.
The apple is big.

which is red
which is green
which is red
which is green
Who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
Whom 指人，在句子中做宾语，不能做主语，常可省略。
The man (whom) you met just now is my father.
that指人或物， 在从
句中做主语表语或宾语,
作宾语时可以省略。
eg.The house that I’m
going to buy faces
south.
They’re talking about the film (that) I’ve seen.
They’re talking about the film.
I have seen the film.
whose 指人或物，在
从句中作定语。
eg. That’s the man
whose house was
burned down.
The girl got first.
Her father had given us a report.
The girl whose father had given us a report got first.
That is the new machine.
The parts of it are too small to see.
That’s the machine the parts of which are too small to see.
That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see.
把下列句子分成两层意思:
The one million people of the city, who
thought little of these events, went to
bed as usual that night.
1 The one million people of the city went
to bed as usual that night.
2 The one million people of the city thought
little of these events.
把下列句子分成两层意思:
It was felt in Beijing, which is one
hundred kilometres away.
1 It was felt in Beijing.
2 Beijing is one hundred kilometres
away.
把下列句子分成两层意思:
A huge crack that was eight kilometres long
and thirty metres wide cut across houses,
roads and canals.
1 A huge crack cut across houses, roads
and canals.
2 A huge crack was eight kilometres long
and thirty metres wide.
{
The woman who/that lives next door is a teacher.
The woman is a teacher.
The woman lives next door.
把简单句变成复合句
The boys are from Grade one.
The boys are playing basketball.
The boys
are from Grade One.
who/that are playing basketball
The boys who/that are from Grade one are playing basketball.
4. The young man is a famous writer.
You saw the young man yesterday.
The young man
is a famous writer.
whom/who/that you saw yesterday
5. This is the house.
Lu Xun once lived in the house.
This is the house
which/that Lu Xun once lived in.
Have a try
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school
is Mr. Wang.
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy.
3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
4.I like the book (which) you bought
yesterday.
主语
宾语
定语
宾语
Have a try
5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor.
6. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together.
定语
宾语
5.Titanic is the ship ___________sank after
hitting an iceberg.
which/that
__________
6.Zhang Guorong is
a pop star__________ died in the fall in March,
2003.
who/that
Beijing is the city has got the
chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
_____________
7.the city/ get the chance to host the 2008
Olympic Games
which /that
Which baby is Jack
穿红裤子的baby是Jack。
The baby is Jack.
whose trousers are red
Jack
Which house is mine
房顶是棕色的房子是我的。
The house is mine.
whose roof is brown
My house
This is the house whose windows face south.
the windows of which
of which the windows
The girl who / that is standing there is my sister.
She is the girl ( who/that/whom/x) you are waiting for.
Is there anyone whose name is Mary
the name of whom
of whom the name
小结
that /whose引导的定语从句可以修饰人也可以修饰物。
that/which/who在定语从句中可以做主语也可以做宾语,做宾语时可以省略个该词。
2.先行词指人可用 that/who/whom/whose
that/who在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略该词。
whom在定语从句中作宾语，作宾语时可以省略该词。
whose 在定语从句中作定语。
注意
1.指物时只用that 不用which 的情况
先行词是不定代词all, both, something, anything, nothing, everything, little, few, much, none
You can take anything that you like.
先行词被the only, the very, the last, both, all, no, none, every, any, some, few, little, much修饰时
This is the very book that I am looking for.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
This is the first picture that I drew.
先行词既有人又有物时
We talked about the persons and the things that we remembered in the school.
关系代词在从句中作表语时
China is no longer the country that it used to be.
主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时
Which is the book that is written by LuXun
2.指物时只用 which 的情况
非限制性定语从句中
紧接在介词之后时
Yesterday I bought a book , which is useful.
Air ,without which man can’t live , is really important.
This is the book for which I paid 5 dollars.
He has many books, some of which are interesting .
(half of,50% of , four-fifths of, all of , most of , some of，both of … )
3.指人时用who 的情况
He who /anyone who/ those who
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.
He who is my friend , always helps me.
Anyone who is interested in English , can come here.
非限制性定语从句中用 who 不用 that
She has a son, who is a doctor.
4.紧接在介词之后时用 whom
This is the girl from whom I learned the news.
This is the girl with whom I share a room.
I have two brothers , both of whom are doctors.
Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
(some of, all of , most of ,half of ,20% of, one-third of …)
指人时用that的情况：句中已有who时
Who is the man that is standing beside Tom
非限制性定语从句
I lost my watch , which is not found.
Have you seen the film, whose leading actor is world famous.
注意
非限制性定语从句中不用 that ; 从句和主句用逗号隔开。
关系代词作宾语不省略
Her sister, whom you met at my home was a teacher.
He has two daughters ,both of them are students.
whom
He has two daughters ,and both of them are students.
关系词代替整个主句(as, which)
He was often late for class, which made the teacher angry.
As we all know , Taiwan belongs to China.
As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China.
Taiwan , as we all know , belongs to China.
Taiwan belongs to China , as we all know.
As is know to all , the earth runs around the sun.
He plays well, which is true.
Attention:
忌用人称代词代替关系代词。
That is the student his handwriting is good.
2.忌重复
The trees that we planted them are growing well.
Whose
3.way 做先行词，在从句中作状语。
I don’t like the way that/in which /x he spoke to me.
It is a good way that /which/x he told me.
4.从句的谓语动词与先行词一致。
I , who am your teacher , can help you.
5.插入语
This is Mr Wang ,who I think has something interesting to tell you.
He is the man who / that I suppose is able to do the work.
Ahead of me I saw a woman who / that I thought was his aunt.
6.先行词
Is this museum the one that / which he visited
Is this the museum that / which /x he visited.
7.先行词有the same, such, so修时,用as或that引导定语从句意义不同。
This is the same pen as I bought yesterday.
This is the same pen that I bought yesterday.
He is so lovely a boy as we all like .
He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.
二，关系副词
关系词在定语从句中作状语时用 when(时间) , where(地点 ),why(时间)
when:介词+which where:介词+which why: for + which
This is the village where he was born.
I will forget the day when I joined the league.
Tell me the reason why you are late.
找不同
This is the village that / which/x we visited before.
in which
on which
for which
That is the day that /which/x we spent together.
The reason that/ which / x he gave us was wise.
练一练
1.This is the factory ______ you worked last year.
This is the factory __________ you visited last year.
where
which/that/x
2.We will remember the days________________________ we spent holidays there.
Do you remember the days _____________we spent in the city.
when/in which/during which
which/that/x
3.Tell me the reason _______you are late .
Tell me the reason _______________ he explained to you.
why
which/that /x
注意
I don’t know the time when he will arrive.
There was a time when women had no right to vote.
It is the second time that I have visited the city.
It was the first time that I had visited the city.
point/situation/case/condition/stage充当先行词且在定语从句中作状语时从句通常用 where 引导。
介词+关系词（which/whom不用 that）
介词的选择：*根据先行词
*根据从句中的谓语动词的搭配
*根据句子意思（固定短语中的介词不提前）