北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 10 Connections Lesson2 Community Spirit同步练习（含答案）

Unit 10　Connections
Lesson 2　Community Spirit
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You can pay bills over the Internet. ________ (此外), you can check your balance or order statements.
2．Buses run ________ (频繁地) from the city to the village.
3．Early in the morning, the ________ (一家人) got into a car and headed for the beach.
4．The discussions helped him understand the business and form a ________ (纽带) with his team.
5．Do it right next time or you'll see the ________ (后果)．
6．Every city has a ________ (紧密联结在一起的) telephone network.
7．They live on the ________ (郊区) of Milan.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The decision of dropping out of school ________ (affect) Bill Gates' whole career.
2．A team, ________ (consist) of two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorers.
3．She studied hard, and ________ consequence she passed the test.
4．I ________ (frequent) use sunflowers as symbols of strength.
5．There was ________ (addition) work to be done before all the troops would be ready.
6．Parents should protect the children from ________ (catch) a cold.
7．The ________ (convenient) of digital payment made many senior citizens start to use smartphones.
8．It's just ________ (typically) of him to lose interest and waste money.
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．The traffic is heavy today. I might arrive ____________ late, so could you save me a place
2．This medical team ____________ five doctors and ten nurses.
3．I met Mr. Maude by chance on the street. We haven't seen each other for ____________ days.
4．About 4,000 people ____________ this disease every year in Africa.
5．It is the test system, ____________ the teachers, that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students nowadays.
6．Obviously, he wanted to ____________ those common people and make friends with them!
7．My experience may ____________ yours.
8．Bamboo is ____________ hollow plant.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．除了法语之外，他还得学日语。
________________ French, he has to study Japanese.
2．因为你工作不好，我只能解雇你。
________________ your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you.
3．作为一个好班长，她有能力很好地组织团体活动。
As a good monitor, she has the ability to ________________________.
4．汤姆经常自愿帮助我们社区的穷人。
Tom usually volunteers to help the poor ____________.
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Amazon has plans to drop off packages directly into shoppers' houses. The world's largest online retailer has announced Amazon Key, a lock and camera system that users control remotely to let delivery associates (伙伴) put goods into their houses. Customers can create temporary passwords (密码) for friends and other service professionals to enter as well.
The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order, and don't want the package stolen from their doorstep. It also signals Amazon's determination to win the market of home security devices, where Alphabet Inc.'s Nest Labs competes.
“This is not an experiment for us，” said Peter Larsen, Amazon vice president of delivery technology, in an interview. “This is a key part of the Amazon shopping experience from this point forward.”
Members of Amazon's Prime shopping club can pay $249.99 and up for a cloud controlled camera and lock that the company offers to install. Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone's house. If no one greets them, they press “unlock” in a mobile app, and Amazon checks its systems in an instant to make sure the right associate and package are present. The camera then streams the video to the customer who remotely can watch the in home delivery take place. The associate cannot proceed with other trips until the house is again locked.
It is unclear whether such protections will persuade customers that the service is safe to use. Larsen said stealing was “not something that happens in practice”， based on early tests of the Amazon Key program. He added that if a problem arises, “You can call customer service and Amazon will work with you to make sure it's right, reimbursing (赔偿) you for any loss or damage in some cases.”
1．What can we learn about the Amazon Key
A．It has a limited use.
B．It can prevent stealing in reality.
C．It has been accepted by customers.
D．It plays an important in Amazon's market planning.
2．Who will be the customers to buy the smart lock
A．Those who entertain guests at home.
B．Those who often buy things on Amazon.
C．Those who can't receive the package in person.
D．Those who care about home safety very much.
3．What should delivery associates do first to start the lock
A．Make sure there is no one at home.
B．Install the lock for the customers.
C．Connect the lock to a camera.
D．Press “unlock” in a mobile app.
4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Entertainment. B．Technology.
C．Education. D．Lifestyle.
B
Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.
Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that's important for making decisions.”
David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can't recognize by itself.”
Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue (组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.
The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.
The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.
5．What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers
A．Recognize cancer patterns.
B．Treat liver cancer.
C．Collect useful information.
D．Store cancerous cells.
6．What can we learn about AI
A．It will be able to replace doctors.
B．Patients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.
C．It is making a difference in taking care of patients.
D．It can recognize cancer more accurately.
7．What's the author's attitude towards the future of AI
A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful.
C．Curious. D．Cold.
8．What is the best title for the text
A．AI Is Used to Treat Cancers
B．AI May Compete with Doctors
C．AI May Make Doctors Better
D．AI Is Better at Curing Cancers
C
There are more bicycles than residents in the Netherlands, and in cities like Amsterdam and The Hague up to 70% of all journeys are made by bike. The BBC's reporter, Anna Holligan, examines what made everyone get back in the saddle (车座)．
Before World War Ⅱ， journeys in the Netherlands were mainly made by bike, but in the 1950s and 1960s, as car ownership increased quickly, this changed. As in many countries in Europe, roads became increasingly crowded.
The jump in car number caused a huge rise in the number of deaths on the roads. In 1971 more than 3,000 people were killed by motor vehicles, and 450 of them were children. In response a social movement demanding safer cycling conditions for children was formed. Called Stop de Kindermoord, it took its name from the headline of an article written by journalist Vic Langenhoff whose own child had been killed in a road accident.
The Dutch love of the motor vehicle was also shaken by the Middle East oil crisis of 1973, when oil producing countries topped export to the US and Western Europe.
These twin pressures helped to persuade the Dutch government to invest in improving cycling infrastructure (基础设施) and the Dutch urban planners started to change from the road building policies designed mainly for cars.
To make cycling safer and more inviting, the Dutch have built a vast network of cycle paths. These are clearly marked, have smooth surfaces, separate signs and lights for those on two wheels, and are wide enough to allow cycling side by side and overtaking.
Even before they can walk, Dutch children live in a world of cycling. As babies they travel in special seats on bikes. As the children grow up they ride their own bikes. And, as the Dutch are not allowed to drive until 18, cycling offers teenagers an alternative form of freedom.
The state also plays a part in teaching, with cycling lessons a compulsory (必修的) part in Dutch schools. All schools have places to park bikes and at some schools 90% of pupils cycle to class.
9．What does Anna Holligan intend to find out
A．Why cycling is popular in the Netherlands.
B．How journeys are made in the Netherlands.
C．What's the main means of transport in the Netherlands.
D．What makes the children like cycling in the Netherlands.
10．Stop de Kindermoord is aimed at ________.
A．advising people to travel by bike
B．calling on more children to cycle
C．improving cycling conditions for children
D．asking the government to invest more in cycling
11．What resulted in the Dutch government's changing road building policies
A．More cars and road accidents.
B．More cars and higher oil prices.
C．Road accidents and oil shortage.
D．A social movement and oil crisis.
12．What do we learn about the Dutch children
A．They must get a license to ride a bike.
B．They are not allowed to drive until 16.
C．They must have cycling lessons at school.
D．They don't use bikes when they are very young.
Ⅱ.七选五
Critical Reading
Critical reading applies to non fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. __1__ Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
Consider the context of what is written.
You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context rather than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context rather than yours. __2__
Question opinions made by the author.
Don't accept what is written at face value. __3__ Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has involved the work of authorities.
__4__
Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to propose opinions. However, in many cases, you must read carefully in order to identify any indirect assumption. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.
Evaluate the sources the author uses.
In doing this, be certain that the sources are credible as well as relevant. __5__ For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.
A．Analyze assumptions made by the author.
B．What is written may very well reflect the author's position.
C．Before accepting it, be certain that the author provides abundant support for any view made.
D．Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject.
E．It involves questioning, evaluating and forming your own ideas about what the author is saying.
F．Moreover, if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current.
G．In either case, you must take into account the differences between your values and attitudes and the author's.
Ⅲ.语法填空
When we exercise hard, we burn fat. But have you ever wondered where exactly the fat 1.________ (go)
Some doctors think that fat is changed 2.________ heat and given off in the air. Others think the body burns it. According to a study that 3.________ (carry) out by Australian scientists earlier this year, however, the correct answer is 4.________ most of the fat is breathed out as carbon dioxide and then disappears.
In 5.________ study, scientists followed the atoms in 10 kilograms of fat as they became lost. They found that 8.4 of those kilograms had been breathed out as carbon dioxide through the lungs. And the other weight, 1.6 kilograms, became water and then left the body.
“None of this is easy 6.________ (understand) because we can't see the carbon dioxide we breathe out，” said the study's lead expert.
Does that mean you can lose more weight by breathing more Not really. The study shows that 7.________ (breathe) too much can make you uncomfortable. You may feel dizzy (眩晕的) and lose the 8.________ (able) to see, move or feel.
So how can people lose weight 9.________ (healthy) The key is to eat less food and do 10.________ (much) exercise.
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sabrina and I were in gym class together. I was quiet and kind. She was a bully (恃强凌弱者). She and her sidekicks (死党) enjoyed harassing (骚扰) me on a daily basis.
I was less than athletic. That day, we had played soccer. I not only embarrassed myself, but also made Sabrina mad—basically because she was in my team, and we didn't win. So, in the shower, she threatened me! “I will meet you after class，” she sneered (讥笑)．
Immediately class was over, I slid out of the teacher's entrance and ran to my locker where Susan, my elder sister, was already waiting for me, so we could walk home together.
“What's up with you？” she asked, noticing the look of panic in my eyes. “Sabrina！” I choked. “We lost the soccer game in gym and it was my fault.”
“Oh，” Susan simply stated. “Well，” she said, “We will walk down Seventeenth South instead of Harrison. It's out of the way enough so that Sabrina won't find us.”
The next day, in the homeroom, Sabrina's best friend passed me a note that stated, “At lunch, you will pay for running away！” I didn't even look up, but I accidentally swallowed my gum and felt a severe pain in my chest. Mr. Mckonkie excused me going to the nurse's office.
Walking down the hall, I felt a slight sense of relief and freedom. But suddenly someone hit me on the shoulder from behind. “You little chicken！” Sabrina's voice sneered. I didn't turn around. I started running down the hall. I had no idea what she was going to do and I was really freaked out (吓坏了)．
Sabrina was now chasing me. At last, she caught up with me enough to kick the back of my legs, trying to knock me down. In a panic, I swung around to the stairs. Sabrina was so close to me by then that my sudden shift in direction knocked her off balance and she toppled down the stairs. I stood there watching her fall.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
At first, I felt a sudden independence and victory._________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Sabrina never harassed me after that. __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Additionally　2.frequently　3.household　4.bond
5．consequence　6.closely knit　7.outskirts
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．affected　2.consisting　3.in　4.frequently　5.additional
6．catching　7.convenience　8.typical
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．a bit　2.consists of　3.quite a few　4.die of　5.rather than　6.be close to　7.be similar to　8.a sort of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．In addition to　2.In consequence of　3.organize group activities very well　4.in our community
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网上零售商巨头亚马逊推出的智能锁。顾客不在家里，家门也能被打开，这样快递人员可以将包裹送入家中。
1．D'推理判断题。根据第二段的“It also signals Amazon's determination to win the market of home security devices...”可知，智能锁在亚马逊的市场计划中扮演着重要的角色。
2．C'细节理解题。根据第二段的“The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order”可知，那些不能亲自收快递的人会是购买智能锁的消费者。
3．A'细节理解题。根据第四段的“Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone's house.”可知，快递人员在开锁之前应先确定房间里没人。
4．B'推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文介绍了网上零售商巨头亚马逊推出的智能锁，是属于科技的范畴，因此最有可能出现在报纸的Technology部分。
B
【语篇解读】　人工智能有望帮助医生诊断和治疗癌症。
5．A'细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He says, ‘You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns...making decisions.’”可知，人工智能可以根据对其输入的数据来学习该模式，并进行癌症模式的识别。
6．D'推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“The hope is that...human mistakes.”可知，人工智能可以很快判别没有错误的癌症诊断。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精确地识别癌症。
7．A'观点态度题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知，人工智能将很快能够快速识别癌症，并且将应用到各种癌症之中。由此可推知，作者对人工智能的未来持乐观的态度。
8．C'标题归纳题。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，人工智能作为一种工具可以帮助医生更好地诊断和治疗癌症。
C
【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了在荷兰骑车是生活的一部分。交通事故和石油短缺使得荷兰政府投资改善了自行车基础设施，并采取了一系列促进自行车骑行的措施。
9．A'细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，Anna Holligan想弄清楚为什么骑自行车在荷兰受欢迎。故选A。
10．C'细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In response a social movement demanding safer cycling conditions for children was formed. Called Stop de Kindermoord”可知，Stop de Kindermoord的目标就是改善孩子们的骑车环境，使其更加安全。故选C。
11．C'推理判断题。根据第三、四段的内容可知，交通事故和石油短缺导致了这一结果。
12．C'细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，荷兰的孩子在学校一定要上自行车课。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，介绍了什么是批判性阅读以及如何成为批判性读者的策略。
1．E'上句“Critical reading is active reading.”是对批判性阅读的概括，下文应该是进一步的解释，E项与上句连接，是补充说明。故选E。
2．G'本段主要内容是建议读者考虑所读内容的创作背景，上文中的“You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context rather than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context rather than yours.”介绍了两种情况，G项中In either case与上文的两种情况呼应，故选G。
3．C'本段建议我们要质疑作者的观点。根据上文中的“Don't accept what is written at face value.”可知，我们不要接受表面上写的东西，C项中的accepting与文中的accept呼应，建议我们在接受它之前，要确定作者对任何观点都提供了充分的依据。故选C。
4．A'根据下文中的“Assumptions are...opinions.”和“indirect assumption”可知，本段主题是如何对待作者的假设。根据“you must read carefully in order to identify any indirect assumption. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid”可知，我们要分析作者的假设，故选A。
5．F'最后一段建议我们评估作者使用的资料来源。上句指出要确保信息来源是可信的，而且是相关的，下文提到所使用的资料应与当前的知识相一致，F项与上句承接，且下文是对F项的解释，符合本段语境。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，题材为日常生活类。我们运动时脂肪去哪儿了？答案是变成二氧化碳被呼出来了。想要健康减肥，最佳方法是少吃多运动。
1．goes'这里讲述的是经常发生或反复发生的动作，故用一般现在时。
2．into'change sth. into sth.是固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。此处用的是它的被动语态形式。
3．was carried'在关系代词that引导的定语从句中，主语that(指代a study)是carry out所表示动作的承受者，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是今年早些时候的事，故用一般过去时。
4．that'该空所填词引导表语从句，且在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，故填that。
5．the'the study特指前面提到的那个研究。
6．to understand'“主语(表示物的名词或指代物的代词)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，常用不定式主动形式表示被动含义。
7．breathing'breathing too much是动名词短语作主语。
8．ability'根据该空前后的内容可知，填形容词able的名词形式ability。
9．healthily'空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，故填形容词healthy的副词形式healthily。
10．more'根据该空前面的less可知，这里填much的比较级more。
Ⅳ.读后续写
参考范文：
At first, I felt a sudden independence and victory. I sneered and was turning to run away when I noticed that Sabrina struggled, attempting to rise but failed. Instinct taking over, I thought I must do something. I practically raced down the stairs and touched her shoulder. “Can I help？” I asked gently. “I cannot walk，” she moaned, breathing hard. Then she looked up, her eyes misted over. Instantly, I helped her into a standing position, put her arm around my shoulders and together we hobbled to the nurse's office.
Sabrina never harassed me after that. We never became friends, but from that moment at the foot of the stairs, I was convinced that I had earned her respect. She still hated being in my team in gym class and flared up sometimes, but things were different. Her best friend would still pick on me occasionally, but Sabrina would shake her head and quietly say, “Leave her alone.” And always she would.