2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题2 冠词（45张ppt）

(共45张PPT)
第二篇　攻专题 · 能力提升
第一部分　中考语法专题突破
专题二　冠词
知识网络
1．辨析不定冠词a与an
考点精析
词条 用法 举例
a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a desk/pen/bowl/card/glass/jacket...
an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前 an artist/egg/uncle/orange/idea/hour/honest boy...
知识精讲
不定冠词a 和 an的区别：
冠词 a、an 两种帽，许多名词都需要；
读音开头若是元，要把an帽戴前面；
读音开头若是辅，一定要把a帽选。
2.不定冠词的基本用法
用法 举例
泛指某一类人或事物中的一个 Mo Yan is a famous writer.莫言是一位著名的作家。
指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物 A girl is waiting for you at the door.有个女孩在门口等你。
表示数量“一”，但数的概念不如one强烈 I have a blue car and she has a red car.我有一辆蓝色的车，她有一辆红色的车。
用于首次提到的人或物前，起介绍作用 There is a man swimming in the swimming pool.有个男人在泳池里游泳。
用法 举例
用在长度、重量、时间等单位名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every They go to the park once a week.他们每周去公园一次。
用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”，相当于another Would you like a second cup of tea 你想再要一杯茶吗？
用法 举例
用在某些固定短语中 a bit of/a few/a little 一点儿，一些
a lot of/a number of许多，大量
a kind of一种
a pair of一双
after a while过了一会儿
as a result结果
at a time每次，一次
go for a walk去散步
in a way从某种程度上讲
用法 举例
用在某些固定短语中 in a hurry匆忙
in a minute立刻，马上，一会儿
in a word总之
have a good time玩得愉快
have a look at...看……一眼
have a headache头痛
have a rest 休息
leadA．..life过……生活
make a living谋生
once upon a time从前
不定冠词的用法：
不定冠词 a或an，基本用法记心间；泛指“一个”或首提，与one相当表数“一”；表示某人或某物，何人何物不具体；单位名前表每一，习惯用法莫忘记。
3.定冠词的基本用法
用法 举例
特指某(些)人或某(些)事物 The man under the tree is my father's friend.树下的那个人是我爸爸的朋友。
指谈话双方都知道的人或事物 Please open the door.请开门。
特指上文提过的人或事物 I have a new bike.The bike is green.我有一辆新的自行车。这辆自行车是绿色的。
用法 举例
表示世界上独一无二的事物 the earth 地球；the moon 月亮、月球；the sun 太阳；the world 世界；the universe 宇宙
用在序数词前表顺序或用在形容词的最高级之前 The second girl in the picture is the tallest.照片中的第二个女孩的个子最高。
用在某些形容词前表示某一类人或事物 the blind 盲人；the rich 富人；
the poor 穷人；the wounded 伤员；the young年轻人；the old老年人
用法 举例
用在与play搭配使用的乐器名词前 She likes to play the piano while her sister likes to play the guitar.她喜欢弹钢琴，而她的妹妹喜欢弹吉他。
用在姓氏的复数之前，表示“一家人” The Browns are getting ready for the holiday.布朗一家正在为假日做准备。
用在国家、党派以及江河湖海、山川、海岛前 the United States美国；
the Pacific Ocean太平洋
用法 举例
用在朝代、年代之前 the Tang dynasty 唐朝；
in the 1870s在19世纪70年代
用在“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”中，表示“越……越……” The more trees we plant，the better our environment will be.我们种的树越多，我们的环境就会越好。
用法 举例
用于某些固定词组中 all the year round全年
all the time一直
at the same time同时
at the moment此刻
at the age of...在……岁时
at the beginning/end of...
在……开始/结束时
by the way顺便说一下
用法 举例
用于某些固定词组中 in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上
in the distance 在远处
in the middle of 在……的中间
in the end 最后；终于
in the south/east/west/northof...在……的南方/东方/西方/北方
定冠词的用法：
特指双方都熟悉，上文已经被提及；世上无二仅独一，序数词前最高级；山河海岛建筑物，姓氏复数和乐器；形容词表示一类人，方位名词须牢记；特殊用法特殊记，灵活运用才是理。　
4.不使用冠词的情况
用法 举例
人名、地名、街道名、国家、头衔、职务、节日等专有名词前 Teachers' Day教师节；Fifth Avenue第五大道
名词前已经有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、数词或名词的所有格等修饰 this book 这本书；Rose's book罗斯的书
表示季节、星期、月份的名词前 in spring在春天；in October在十月
用法 举例
一日三餐、球类、棋类、学科、语言名词等之前 after supper晚饭后；play football踢足球
某些固定词组或习惯用语中 by bus/train/plane/subway/ferry乘公共汽车/火车/飞机/地铁/渡船；at work工作中；at noon/midnight在中午/午夜；after school放学以后；go to bed上床睡觉；go to college上大学；go to school上学；from morning till night从早到晚；for example例如；hour after hour一小时接一小时；in class在课堂上；in surprise惊奇地；on foot步行；on time准时
零冠词的用法：
抽象物质专有名，名词之前代词限；复数形式表类别，球类、学科和三餐；交通方式和语言，星期、月份、季节前；习惯用语和头衔，固定词组记心间。
1．首先分析语境，弄清楚用不定冠词、定冠词还是零冠词。若是用不定冠词，则须根据紧跟其后的词来决定使用a还是an。
【例题】 (2021·浙江温州)Tony is a kind boy and I'm very lucky to have ________ friend like him.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
【答案】A
方法突破
【解析】句意：托尼是一个善良的男孩，我很幸运有________像他这样的朋友。分析语境可知，空格处表示“一个”，是泛指，用不定冠词。friend以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。
【跟进训练1】 (2021·辽宁盘锦)Locus usually has ___ egg and some milk for breakfast.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
B　
2．根据固定搭配或习惯用语来确定答案。
【例题】 (2019·天津)I'm going to have ________ picnic on ________ Sunday.
A．the；an B．an；the
C．a；\ D．an；\
【答案】C
【解析】have a picnic是固定搭配，意为“进行野餐”；on Sunday是固定搭配，意为“在星期日”，表示星期的名词前不加任何冠词。
【跟进训练2】 (2021·辽宁朝阳)—What do you think of ___ trip to Fenghuang Mountain
—Wonderful！We all had ________ good time.
A．the；a B．a；the
C．a；a D．the；the
A　
1．(2021·达州)China is _____ Asian country, while France is ________ European country.　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．an; a B．a; an C．an; an D．a; a
2．(2021·雅安)I would like to be ___teacher when I grow up.
A．a B．an C．the D．\
3．(2021·凉山州)It is believed that taking the panda-themed tourist train to Zunyi is ___ enjoyable experience.
A．the B．an C．a D．\
四川中考真题精练
A　
B　
A　
4．(2020·攀枝花)—There is a mistake in your sentence.
—Oh，I see. I've dropped ___“u” in the word “usually”．
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
5．(2020·广元)As we know，schools and families play ___ important role in teaching students about the value of working hard.
A．the B．a C．an
A　
C　
6．(2020·达州改编)—There was ___ 8-day art exhibition(展览) in Da Zhou.We enjoyed great works like Mona Lisa by Da Vinci.
—Wow! It must be ________ most unusual exhibition.
A．a；the B．a；an
C．an；a D．an；the
7．(2020·甘孜州)She is ___famous singer in China and has many fans.
A．the B．a C．an
C　
B　
8．(2019·凉山州)Laura is ___ 11-year-old girl.She is good at playing ________ guitar.
A．\；a B．an；
C．an；the D．a；an
9．(2019·内江)I want to be ___ English teacher because English is ________ useful language.
A．a；a B．an；a
C．a；an D．an；an
C　
B　
10．(2019·眉山)—Do you know how to spell ___ word “expensive” in English
—Yes.It begins with ________ “e”．
A．the；a B．the；an
C．a；an D．the；the
B　
11．(2019·遂宁)Beijing is ___ capital city of China.It has ________ long history.
A．the；an B．a；an
C．the；a D．the；\
C　
单项选择。
1．(2020·重庆B卷)What___nice day! Let's go for a picnic.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
2022年迎考特训
A　
2．(2020·湖北咸宁)—Does your teacher go to work by ___car every day
—No.He usually takes ________bus.
A．\ B.the
C．a；the D．the；a
3．(2020·吉林改编)Many more people have realized saving___earth begins with small things.
A．a B．a C．the D．\
B　
C　
4．(2019·湖北随州)—Look at the tall boy over there.He's ___winner of the school painting competition.
—Oh，he must be ________ creative boy.
A．the；a B．the；an
C．a；the D．an；a
5．(2019·江苏连云港)If you want to take ___short ride in the city，choose ________shared bike.
A．a；\ B.the；the
C．a；a D．\；a
A　
C　
6．(2019·贵州铜仁)China is ___Asian country while England is ________European country.
A．an；an B．a；a
C．an；a D．a；an
7．(2021·广西桂林改编)It is good to eat ___apple every day.
A．the B．an
C．a D．\
C　
B　
8．(2021·黑龙江龙东地区改编)—Have you seen ___TV program Volunteer
—Yes，I have never seen such________educational program.
A．a；the B．the；an
C．the；a D．\；an
B　
9．(2019·贵州安顺)—Look! Who's ___girl in a red skirt over there
—Oh，she is my sister，Kate.She is ________honest girl.
A．that；a B．this；the
C．this；a D．that；an
D　
10．(2019·江苏扬州)—Look at ___boy over there.He looks excited.
—Yeah，he has won ________first prize in the school English Reading & Writing Competition.
A．a；the B．the；a
C．the；the D．a；a
C　
11．(2021·贵州铜仁)—The sun shines brightly.You'd better take ___umbrella when you go out.
—OK.It's ________useful suggestion.
A．an；the B．a；the
C．an；a D．a；an
C　
12．(2021·湖南邵阳改编)―Look，many people are planting trees and flowers in Ziwei Park!
―Yeah.They are trying to build ___more beautiful garden in Shaoyang.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
A　
13．(2021·江苏南通)My family have ___breakfast together every day.This helps us start a day well.
A．\ B.a
C．an D．the
14．(2021·天津)This is ___story of friendship.Let's read ________story together.
A．a；an B．an；the
C．an；a D．a；the
A　
D　
15．(2020·江苏淮安改编)—Amy，do you know Mr.Black and his wife
—Of course.They play ___piano well.
A．a B．an
C．\ D.the
D　
16．(2019·江苏宿迁)Daniel had ___egg，a piece of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
17．(2019·湖北孝感)Autumn is ___beautiful season with fresh air and fallen leaves.
A．\ B.an
C．the D．a
B　
D　
18．(2021·辽宁营口)He is going to buy ___useful book.And ________book is on science.
A．a；an B．a；the
C．an；an D．an；the
19．(2019·浙江温州)—Peter，shall we go for a picnic this Sunday
—OK.Let's add it to ___weekend plan.
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
B　
C　
20．(2021·黑龙江大庆)Daqing is in ___north of China and it has ________population of more than 2.7 million.
A．a；a B．a；the
C．the；a D．the；the
21．(2019·贵州贵阳改编)Learning is ___lifelong journey because every day brings something new.
A．\ B.a
C．the D．an
C　
B　
22．(2019·湖北咸宁)—Do you know 2019 is the year of the Pig
—Sure.The pig is ___twelfth sign in the Chinese zodiac cycle(生肖)．
A．a B．an
C．the D．\
23．(2019·甘肃兰州)Hide-and-seek is___interesting game for children.
A．a B．an C．the D．\
C　
B