2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题3 数词（45张ppt）

(共45张PPT)
第二篇　攻专题 · 能力提升
第一部分　中考语法专题突破
专题三　数词
知识网络
数词
1．基数词的用法
考点精析
考点1　基数词和序数词
用法 举例
表示数量 two/2 apples两个苹果
表示顺序，主要由“单数名词＋基数词”构成，且名词和基数词的首字母通常大写 Room 2067 2067号房间
Grade Nine九年级
知识精讲
用法 举例
表示年份、时间 in 2019在2019年；at nine在九点钟
表示年龄，其中“in one's＋整十的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时” 25 years old 25岁
in her thirties在她30多岁时
表示“在……世纪……年代”用“in the＋整十年份-s” in the 2020s在21世纪20年代
构成复合形容词，作定语，修饰名词，其结构为“基数词-单数名词(-形容词)” a two-year-old girl一个两岁的女孩；a seven-day holiday一个七天的假期
2.序数词的用法
用法 举例
表示顺序，序数词前必须加the，后跟单数可数名词 June is the sixth month of a year.六月是一年中的第六个月。
表示年月日中的“日” August 18th,20192019年8月18日
给物品编号时，序号在前用序数词，序号在后用基数词 the twentieth page＝Page 20　第20页
序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不加定冠词the This is my third watch.这是我的第三块手表。
“a/an＋序数词”意为“又一，再一”，表示在原有的基础上增加一 a third time第三次
an eighth time第八次
3.基数词变序数词
数量范围 举例
1～10 one→first；two→second；three→third；four→fourth；five→fifth；six→sixth；seven→seventh；eight→eighth；nine→ninth；ten→tenth
11～19 eleven→eleventh；twelve→twelfth；thirteen→thirteenth；fourteen→fourteenth；fifteen→fifteenth；sixteen→sixteenth；seventeen→seventeenth；eighteen→eighteenth；nineteen→nineteenth
数量范围 举例
整十、百 twenty→twentieth；thirty→thirtieth；forty→fortieth；fifty→fiftieth；sixty→sixtieth；seventy→seventieth；eighty→eightieth；ninety→ninetieth；hundred→hundredth
几十几 twenty-one→twenty-first；thirty-two→thirty-second；forty-three→forty-third；fifty-four→fifty-fourth；sixty-five→sixty-fifth
序数词构成口诀：
基变序，有规律；一二三，特殊记，词尾字母tdd(first，second，third)；-th从4加起，8去t(eighth)，9去 e(ninth)，f来把-ve替(fifth，twelfth)；-ty变成-tie，再加-th，fortieth千万别忘记；若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。
1．解答考查基数词与序数词的题时，先结合常识或分析语境，再根据基数词和序数词的基本用法明确答案。
【例题】 (2019·山东滨州)—Which month of the year do you like best
—July，the ________ month，because summer vacation begins in this month.
A．seven B．six
C．seventh D．sixth
方法突破
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“你最喜欢一年中的哪一个月？”“七月，第七个月，因为暑假在这个月开始。”结合常识可知，七月是一年中的第七个月，排除B、D两项；此处表示“第七”，用序数词seventh。
【跟进训练1】 (2021·湖南湘西州改编)—When is the birthday of the Communist Party of China
—It's on the ___day of July.
A．one B．first
C．once D．two
B　
2．根据以下特征可快速解题：名词复数前用基数词(one除外)，名词单数前多用序数词；谓语动词为复数时常用基数词(one除外)，谓语动词为第三人称单数时常用序数词。
【例题】 (2021·辽宁营口)He got________ birthday cakes on his ________ birthday.
A．second；fifteen B．two；fifteen
C．second；fifteenth D．two；fifteenth
【答案】D
【解析】第一空后的cakes为可数名词复数，故第一空用基数词two，表示数量“二”；第二空后的birthday为可数名词单数，故第二空用序数词fifteenth，表示“第十五”。结合选项可知选D。
【跟进训练2】 The_________(fifty) World Environment Day was on June 5th,2021.
fiftieth　
3．分析句子结构并结合固定搭配明确答案。
【例题】 (湖南郴州改编)—Look at the girl in the square!
—Oh.I'm surprised that a ________ girl can dance so well!
A．three-years-old B．three-year-old
C．three years old D．three year old
【答案】B
【解析】分析句子成分可知，空格处在句中作定语修饰girl，需用复合形容词，排除C和D。常见的复合形容词的结构为“基数词-单数名词-形容词”，故选B。
【跟进训练3】 Peter asked for a ___leave because he was ill and had to stay in bed.
A．three-day B．three days
C．three-days D．third-day
A　
1．表概数的用法
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of意为 “成百上千的/成千上万的/数百万的/数十亿的”。它们用于表示概数，其后接复数名词。◇Millions of people watched the football game on TV.数百万人通过电视观看了这场足球比赛。
考点2　hundred、thousand、million、billion的用法
知识精讲
2．表确数的用法
“基数词＋hundred/thousand/million/billion＋名词复数”表示确数，意为“几百/几千/几百万/几十亿”。◇There are six hundred students in their primary school.在他们的小学有六百名学生。
考生在解答考查hundred/thousand/million/billion等数词的题时，首先观察前面是否有具体的数字或不定冠词a。如有，hundred等数词要用单数形式，且不与of连用；若没有，则用hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of短语。
方法突破
【例题】 (2021·山东滨州)—China is a great country with a history of about five ________ years.
—Yes.And ________ of foreigners come to visit it every year.
A．thousand；thousand
B．thousands；thousands
C．thousand；thousands
D．thousands；thousand
【答案】C
【解析】第一空前面有基数词five，表示确数，thousand用单数形式且不与of连用；第二空前面没有基数词，且空后有of，表示概数，用thousands of，意为“成千上万的”。
【跟进训练4】 (重庆B卷) ___ people visited Hongyadong，Chongqing on May Day this year.
A．Thousand B．Thousands
C．Thousand of D．Thousands of
D　
考点3　分数
知识精讲
英语分数巧记：
英语分数不费事，母序子基四个字；分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
2.分数的用法
分数接名词作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据分数后面的名词的单复数而定。若名词为复数，动词用复数形式；若名词为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。◇About two thirds of the students prefer to eat fast food.大约三分之二的学生更喜欢吃快餐。Two thirds of the work has been finished.三分之二的工作已完成。
考生在做考查分数的题时，首先要记住分数的表达法“分子为基数词，分母为序数词；分子大于一时，分母加-s”。同时还得注意，谓语动词的单复数取决于分数之后的名词的单复数。
方法突破
【例题】 (2019·甘肃天水)________ of the students in our class ________ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A．Two fifths；is B．Second fifths；are
C．Second fifths；is D．Two fifths；are
【答案】D
【解析】表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，且分子大于1时，作分母的序数词要用复数形式，排除B和C；分数后面跟的是可数名词复数形式students，所以谓语中的be动词要用are。
【跟进训练5】 (2021·广西玉林)—Susan，how many women teachers are there in your school
—In our school，___of the teachers ________ women teachers.
A．third fourth；are B．third fourth；is
C．three fourths；is D．three fourths；are
D　
1．(2020·眉山)There are nineteen people waiting for the dentist in front of me. I’m the t__________.
2．(2021·达州)My mother will be _____years old next week. I’m planning to buy a gift for her ______birthday.
A．fourty; fourtieth B．forty; fortieth
C．fourty; fortieth D．forty; fourtieth
四川中考真题精练
wentieth　
B　
3．(2021·泸州改编)—When was the Communist Party of China founded
—In 1921.It was her___birthday in 2021.
A．hundred B．hundredth
C．hundreds of D．the hundredth
B　
4．(2021·广元)In our school every student has to choose a club to join，so about one ___ students have joined the Sports Club.
A．hundred of B．hundreds of
C．hundred D．hundreds
5．(2021·乐山)—Our school is going to hold the ___Culture Festival.
—I see.And we can take part in the activity again.
A．five B．fifth
C．fifths
C　
B　
6．(2020·达州)—It’s said that the two ______ doctors have just come back from Wuhan.
—Yeah, I know them. They are both already in their ________.
A．woman; sixty
B．women; sixtieth
C．women; sixties
D．woman; sixties
C　
7．(2020·攀枝花改编)—Plenty of people went to the city in ___.
—So they did.My grandfather was one of them. He went there in his________.
A．1990s；thirties B．1990s；thirty
C．the 1990s；thirtieth D．the 1990s；thirties
8．(2020·遂宁)They worked for___ days，and finished the________ task successfully.
A．twelve；two B．twelve；second
C．twelfth；two D．twelfth；second
D　
B　
9．(2020·广元)There are fifty students in this class.___ of them are boys，so the number of the boys is 30.
A．Three fifth B．Three fifths 　
C．Three five
10．(2019·凉山州)There are ________ people in Dale's family.They live on the ___ floor.
A．five；nine B．fifth；nine
C．five；ninth D．fifth；ninth
B　
C　
11．(2019·广元)On my ___ birthday，I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.
A．nine B．ninth
C．the ninth
B　
一、词汇运用。
1．(2021·黑龙江大庆)Tianwen 1，China's ______ (one) Mars probe(探测器) successfully entered space in July.
2．(2021·江苏扬州改编)I'm not sure how I feel about that，with my 　___________(eighteen)birthday coming.
3．(2020·贵州铜仁)March is the _______(第三) month of a year.
2022年迎考特训
first　
eighteenth　
third　
4．(2020·浙江衢州改编)It's a good idea for you to exercise for　_______(三十) minutes each time, at least three times a week.
5．(2019·江苏苏州)He seems to have a ______(第六) sense for knowing that his brother will win.
6．(2020·江苏淮安)The manager's room is right above mine. It's on the ______(three) floor.
7．(2019·浙江杭州)She is nineteen, and next year she is going to celebrate her _________birthday.
thirty　
sixth　
third　
twentieth　
8．(2019·江苏南京) —Where are our seats, Henry
—We should sit in the ______(five) row.
二、单项选择。
1．(2020·贵州黔东南州)—Dear，how is your homework going
—Oh，Mom，I've just finished___of it.
A．second three B．two third
C．second threes D．two thirds
D　
fifth　
2．(2020·黑龙江七台河改编)My son is___years old.Today is his________birthday.
A．twelve；twelve B．twelve；twelfth
C．twelfth；twelve D．twelfth；twelfth
3．(2020·重庆B卷)Teachers' Day is in September，the___month of the year.
A．nine B．ninth C．ten D．tenth
B　
B　
4．(2019·贵州铜仁)There are ___floors in the building.We live on ________floor.
A．the ninth；the ninth B．nine；the ninth
C．the ninth；nine D．nine；nine
5．(黑龙江哈尔滨改编)—What are you going to do this Saturday
—I am going to the old people's home to celebrate Mrs.Green's ___birthday.
A．ninty-ninth B．ninety-ninth C．ninety-nineth D．ninty-nine
B　
B　
6．(山东济南)—How many hours do you sleep every night
—About ___hours.From 9:00 p．m.to 6:00 a．m.
A．nine B．nineteen C．ninth D．ninety
7．(2019·湖北襄阳改编)—Is this high-speed railway station the ___largest in Hubei Province
—Yes，of course.It's just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
A　
B　
8．(2019·湖南湘西州改编)—How many books are there on the shelf
—Well，there are ___books.
A．two hundred and forty-six
B．two hundreds and forty
C．two hundred fourteen
D．two hundreds and fourth
A　
9．(2019·甘肃武威)September is the ___month of a year.
A．seventh B．eighth
C．ninth D．tenth
10．(2019·甘肃兰州)We gave away ___books to the school library last year.
A．six thousands B．six thousand
C．six thousands of D．six thousand of
C　
B　
11．(山东滨州)Nowadays，___farmers leave their hometown to search for work in the cities.
A．million of B．two millions
C．millions of D．two millions of
12．(贵州安顺)—What do you think of the environment here，Mr.Wang
—Wonderful! ___of the land ________covered with trees and grass.
A．Two fifths；is B．Two fifth；is
C．Two fifths；are D．Two fifth；are
C　
A　
13．(2021·辽宁朝阳)—How many students in your class get to school on foot
—About ___of them do.
A．three fifths B．two third
C．first four D．one seconds
14．(2021·贵州铜仁)There are ___floors in this building.He lives on the ________floor.
A．thirty；nine B．thirtieth；nine
C．thirtieth；ninth D．thirty；ninth
A　
D　
15．(2021·广西北部湾经济区)China's National Day comes in October，the ___month of the year.
A．eighth B．ninth
C．tenth D．eleventh
C