2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题5 形容词和副词（64张ppt）

(共64张PPT)
第二篇　攻专题 · 能力提升
第一部分　中考语法专题突破
专题五　形容词和副词
知识网络
形容词和副词
1．以-ing结尾与以-ed结尾的形容词词义辨析
以-ing结尾的形容词意为“令人……的”，表示人或事物本身的性质；以-ed结尾的形容词意为“感到……的”，表示人或事物的感受。
考点精析
考点1　形容词和副词的词义辨析
知识精讲
2．副词词义辨析
分类 例词
频度副词 always总是；often通常；seldom很少，不常；hardly几乎不；usually经常；sometimes有时；never从不
程度副词 almost几乎，差不多；even甚至；nearly将近；quite相当；enough足够地；much很大程度上地；only仅仅；rather相当；so如此，非常；too太；still仍然；very很，非常
分类 例词
连接副词 besides此外；then然后；anyway尽管，无论如何；however然而
时间副词 soon很快；once曾经；early早；late晚；finally终于；recently近来；now现在
地点副词 here这里；there那里；home在家；anywhere任何地方；outside外面；nearby在附近
疑问副词 when何时；where在哪里；why为什么；how怎样，如何
分类 例词
以-ly结尾 的副词 carefully小心地，仔细地；certainly当然；exactly确切地；freely自由地；quickly快速地；seriously严肃地；slowly缓慢地；carelessly粗心地；clearly清晰地；easily容易地；happily开心地；quietly安静地；suddenly突然
其他常见副词 again再一次；perhaps大概，也许；well好地；probably大概，很可能
1．在做形容词或副词词义辨析题时，首先读懂句意，抓住题干中的关键信息；然后分析题中所缺成分；最后根据语境或常识确定答案。
方法突破
【例题】 (2019·贵州铜仁)—How often do you usually go to work by subway
—________.I always take a bus，because there is no subway in this city.
A．Sometimes B．Often
C．Never D．Seldom
【答案】C
【解析】根据关键句子“...because there is no subway in this city”可知，应该是从来不(never)坐地铁。
【跟进训练1】 (2021·湖北襄阳)—I think Miss Wang is the most ___ teacher in our school.
—That's true.She never gets angry with her students.
A．patient B．beautiful
C．interesting D．important
A　
2．考生在做有关形容词和副词的题时，首先根据题中要修饰的成分来确定用形容词还是用副词：修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词或形容词用副词，构成系表结构用形容词；然后根据语境确定答案。
【例题】 In the library，students are required to keep ________ and move ________.（quiet）
【答案】quiet；quietly
【解析】keep后面跟形容词quiet作表语，表示“保持安静”；第二空修饰的是动词move，应该用副词quietly。
【跟进训练2】 (2019·江苏泰州)—How about the fruit salad
—Yummy! It tastes very ___.By the way，who made it
A．good B．bad
C．well D．badly
A　
1．形容词和副词比较级、最高级的构成
考点2　形容词和副词的比较等级
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
规则变化 一般情况下，单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加 -er、-est great soft hard greater softer harder greatest
softest
hardest
知识精讲
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
规则变化 单音节词以不发音的e结尾时，只在词尾加-r、-st nice large close nicer larger closer nicest
largest
closest
单词以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母再加-er、-est big hot fat thin wet bigger hotter fatter thinner wetter biggest
hottest
fattest
thinnest
wettest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
规则变化 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，先变y为i，再加-er、-est angry easy happy early angrier easier happier earlier angriest
easiest
happiest
earliest
少数以er、ow结尾的双音节词，在词尾加-er、-est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest
narrowest
部分双音节词和多音节词在原级前加more、most careful quickly more careful more quickly most
careful
most
quickly
形容词和副词比较等级的规则变化：
比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。词尾若有哑音e，直接加-r就可以。一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。结尾若是辅加y，把y变i加-er。最高级词尾要加-est，仿照-er加法没问题。形副若是多音节，只把more、most 前面写。
2.形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法
结构 意义 举例
as＋原级＋as 两者比较， 程度相同 John is as honest as Mike.约翰和迈克一样诚实。
Tom listens to the teacher as carefully as Mary.汤姆和玛丽一样认真地听老师讲课。
not as/so＋原级＋as 两者相比， 一方不及 另一方 There are not as/so many books in our library as in yours.我们图书馆的书没有你们的多。
I can't speak English as/so fast as you.我说英语不能像你那样快。
结构 意义 举例
倍数＋as...as 是…… 的……倍 Our garden is ten times as big as theirs.我们的花园是他们的十倍大。
This street is twice as long as that one.这条街比那条街长一倍。
less＋原级＋than ……不 如…… The film is less interesting than the novel.这部电影不如小说有趣。
结构 意义 举例
比较级＋than 两者相比， 一方超过 另一方 Health is more important than wealth.健康比财富更重要。
My mother usually gets up earlier than others.我妈妈通常比别人起得早。
比较级＋and＋比较级/more and more＋原级 越来 越…… The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。
They become more and more interested in collecting stamps.他们对集邮越来越感兴趣。
结构 意义 举例
the＋比较级， the＋比较级 越……， 就越…… The higher the ground is，the thinner the air becomes.海拔越高，空气越稀薄。
The harder you study，the more you learn.你越努力，你学得就越多。
具体事物、数字、倍数等＋ 比较级＋than 比……高、长、大、小、宽、多、少…… He is a head taller than I．他比我高一个头。
This city is three times larger than that one.这座城市比那座城市大三倍。
结构 意义 举例
比较级＋than＋any other＋ 可数名词单数 比其他 任何一 个都…… He is cleverer than any other student.他比其他任何一个学生都聪明。
the＋比较 级＋of the two... 两者中 较……的 Bob is the taller of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的那个。
She runs the faster of the two girls.她是两个女孩中跑得较快的那个。
结构 意义 举例
最高级＋ 介词短语 (比较范围) 三者或三 者以上中 最……的 Jim's box is the heaviest of all.在所有的箱子中，吉姆的箱子最重。
Mary does best in physics in her class.玛丽是班里物理学得最好的。
one of the＋形容 词最高级＋ 复数名词 最……的…… 之一 He is one of the most popular singers.他是最受欢迎的歌星之一。
结构 意义 举例
the＋序数 词＋最高 级…… 第几最…… Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.海南岛是中国的第二大岛屿。
3.提示词
(1)比较级的提示词：than、much、a little、a bit、even等。◇He is a little stronger than you.他比你强壮一点。
(2)最高级的提示词：one of、of all、in、among等。◇Lucy is the tallest in our class.露西是我们班最高的。
1．考生在做关于比较等级的题时，可以先根据句意和上文语境，判断应使用原级、比较级还是最高级；然后根据比较等级的变化规则确定答案。
方法突破
(2021·黑龙江龙东地区)I admire the people who talk ________(little) but work most.
【答案】least
【解析】句意：我佩服那些少说多做的人。根据语境和空后的最高级most可知，空处要用所给词的最高级修饰动词talk，所以用little的最高级least。
【跟进训练3】 (2021·湖南邵阳改编)―Our final examination is coming and we are so busy.
―I agree.We have more exercises to do and ___ time to rest now.
A．more B．fewer
C．less D．little
C　
2．首先根据提示词或比较范围判断使用原级、比较级还是最高级；然后根据语境确定答案。
【例题】 (2021·湖北鄂州)—Lucy，have you changed a mobile phone with 5G
—Yes，I think the mobile phone with 5G can send videos much________ than the one with 4G.
A．fast B．fastest
C．the fastest D．faster
【答案】D
【解析】由空后的比较级标志词than和空前的much可知，空格处需要填比较级，故选D。
【跟进训练4】 (2021·云南昆明)It’s unbelievable that mountains can grow.According to a recent survey，Qomolangma has risen_____than before.
A．low B．lower
C．high D．higher
D　
1．(2020·自贡改编)The queen had never eaten pizza before and said it was one of the______(good)things she’d ever eaten.
2．(2020·南充改编)Einstein stood up and answered the question 　_________(perfect)．
3．(2020·宜宾改编)If you can, try to get news from all kinds of sources(来源). Read articles from government news platforms which 　_________(usual) give timely fact checks.
四川中考真题精练
best　
perfectly　
usually　
4．(2020·宜宾)I’m sure that the song will become even more 　__________(流行的)．
5．(2021·遂宁)The boy is only 10 years old, but he is much______　(高) than his father.
6．(2021·泸州)—Fishing is one of___activities among many people.
—Yes.But now it's not allowed to fish in the Yangtze River as well as other rivers.
A．popular B．more popular
C．most popular D．the most popular
D　
popular　
higher　
7．(2020·泸州)—Let's go to another restaurant instead.
—It's not necessary.The food here is ___ than before.
A．delicious B．less delicious
C．much delicious D．more delicious
8．(2021·达州)—Which country has a _____population, China or Canada
—China. Canada is a lot ________crowded than China.
A．bigger；less B．bigger；more
C．smaller；less D．smaller；more
D　
A　
9．(2020·达州)Of the two math problems, I can just work out ____　 one.
A．the less difficult
B．more difficult
C．the more difficult
D．less difficult
A　
10．(2021·遂宁)—What's ___mountain in the world
—Qomolangma.It is 8848.86 meters high according to the latest report.
A．higher B．highest
C．the highest D．high
C　
11．(2021·广元)I think there's no need to buy such an expensive coat for a kid.I'd like a ___ one.
A．cheap B．cheaper
C．cheapest D．lower
12．(2020·攀枝花)—Does your brother like his new job
—I think so. He works___，and he is________.
A．hard；happily B．hard；happy
C．hardly；happily D．hardly；happy
B　
B　
13．(2020·遂宁)The young man was___of all the performers.
A．more creative B．much creative
C．the most creative D．the creativest
14．(2020·广元)Sam didn't jump so ___ as Jim in yesterday's sports meeting.
A．high B．higher C．highly
C　
A　
15．(2020·甘孜州)—Which is___，the blue one or the red one
—The blue one.
A．good B．better C．best
16．(2020·广元)We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits(优点) and defects(缺点)，so we must treat them ___.
A．properly B．actually C．exactly
B　
A　
17．(2019·达州)—As we know，it's very difficult to live in a foreign country like the UK，the US and so on.
—I agree.___，if you don't understand the local language.
A．Especially B．Generally
C．Naturally D．Exactly
A　
18．(2019·达州)—Ma Ling's Chinese isn't so ___ as Wang Ming's.
—I know them very much，but now Ma Ling studies ________ than Wang Ming does.
A．good；harder B．good；hard
C．better；harder D．better；better
19．(2020·达州改编)It is the biggest city in China.(写出同义句)
It is ________ ______ any other city in China.
A　
bigger than　
一、词汇运用。
1．(2021·山东临沂)Our four week Earth Camp is a fun and 　_____________(education) summer camp for children aged 6 to 15.Kids enjoy time outdoors while learning about the earth.
2．(2021·黑龙江大庆)The teacher speaks________(high) of him for his hard work.
3．(2021·黑龙江大庆)It is________(polite) to speak when eating things.
2022年迎考特训
educational　
highly
impolite　
4．(2021·黑龙江大庆)We are _________ (excite) to see that Chinese vaccines(疫苗) are used around the world now.
5．(2021·黑龙江龙东地区)My grandparents live__________(peace) in the countryside and they like the life there.
6．(2021·江苏扬州)The next morning he got up ________(early) than before to practice football.
excited　
peacefully　
earlier　
7．(2021·江苏扬州)For a long time in history，people depended　________(great) on horses to trade goods.
8．(2021·江苏扬州)My parents and I had a __________(wonder) journey to Hainan.
9．(2021·广西北部湾经济区)The police usually help people out of 　_____________(danger) situations.
greatly
wonderful　
dangerous　
10．(2020·浙江金华)We__________(sudden) realized that everything seemed to have changed in one night.
11．(2020·浙江衢州)________(足够的) sleep is the key to a healthy lifestyle.
12．(2020·湖北荆门)So far, no _________(科学的)studies have shown that shark fins are good for our health.
13．(2020·湖北随州)In most countries, people usually eat t________　food on special holidays.
suddenly　
Enough　
scientific　
raditional　
二、单项选择。
1．(2021·湖南湘西州改编)—It's ___outside.Let's take the dog for a walk.
—That sounds great.
A．cloud B．sunny
C．rainy D．cold
B　
2．(2020·天津)Because people can find information on the Internet，knowledge spreads ___.
A．quickly B．loudly
C．hardly D．nearly
A　
3．(2021·黑龙江龙东地区改编)—The population of Heilongjiang is getting___.
—Yes，that's because many people move to the________part of China.
A．fewer；south B．less；southern
C．smaller；southern D．bigger；southern
C　
4．(2019·广西贵港)—Why was Jim late for work this morning
—He ___got up late.
A．nearly B．gradually
C．hardly D．probably
5．(2019·广西河池)Linda is ___of the three girls，but she is the tallest.
A．young B．younger
C．youngest D．the youngest
D　
D　
6．(2019·湖北黄冈)—Mike plays the drums so wonderfully!
—Of course.He is ___than any other student in his class.
A．talented B．more talented
C．less talented D．the most talented
7．(2019·江苏苏州)The flying squirrel might be one of ___animals you could meet during the trip.
A．strange B．stranger
C．strangest D．the strangest
B　
D　
8．(2020·湖北咸宁)—A Long March 5(长征五号) rocket carrying China's heaviest satellite was ___ launched.
—Amazing! It happened on Dec 27,2019 in Wenchang，Hainan.
A．successful B．successfully
C．success D．succeed
9．(2019·广西贵港)—What do you think of the TV program The Reader
—Excellent.Many people are ___about it.They never miss it.
A．nervous B．worried
C．crazy D．angry
B　
C　
10．(2019·浙江温州)The living room becomes ___as the sunlight comes in through the windows.
A．bigger B．cleaner
C．quieter D．brighter
11．(2019·甘肃敦煌)Sam is 11 years old.Peter is 16 years old.Peter is 5 years ___than Sam.
A．older B．shorter
C．newer D．longer
D　
A　
12．(2019·广西贵港)—Frank has changed a lot，hasn't he
—Yes.He is much ___because he exercises every day.
A．strong B．stronger
C．strongest D．the strongest
13．(江苏常州)The coach thinks ___of Mary's sporting talent，for she jumped very________at the sports meeting.
A．high；high B．highly；highly
C．high；highly D．highly；high
B　
D　
14. (2021·河北)—What is the world's ___mountain
—Mount Qomolangma.
A．lower B．lowest
C．higher D．highest
15．(2020·江苏苏州)Kunqu Opera is___thought to be one of the symbols of Suzhou.Don't miss it during your stay here.
A．hardly B．widely
C．suddenly D．badly
D　
B　
16．(2020·江苏盐城)Although Zhong Nanshan knows the new virus is more___to old people，he cares little for his own safety.
A．polite B．dangerous
C．friendly D．important
17．(2019·黑龙江大庆)—If there are ___people driving，there will be ________air pollution.
—Yes，and the air will be fresher.
A．less；less B．less；fewer
C．fewer；fewer D．fewer；less
B　
D　
18．(2021·海南改编)In the war against COVID-19，the Chinese government is making efforts to make sure the vaccine(疫苗)is ___taken all over the country.
A．hardly B．deeply
C．widely D．lively
C　
19．(2019·广西河池)Tina，close the door ___.Your brother is studying for the exam.
A．clearly B．easily
C．widely D．quietly
20．(2021·湖北武汉)—Does the store have good fame
—Yes，the prices here are always very fair.The owner just wants to make a(n)___living.
A．honest B．healthy
C．relaxing D．exciting
D　
A　
21．(2021·辽宁本溪)Learn ___，and you will be a successful learner.
A．wisely B．lazily
C．quickly D．blindly
22．(2021·辽宁本溪)Our teacher often warns us it's ___to leave much personal information on the Internet.
A．interesting B．exciting
C．difficult D．dangerous
A　
D　
23．(2021·江苏苏州)Peter has ___ memory and often forgets the names of people round him.
A．long B．good
C．rich D．poor
24．(2021·海南改编)—Is everyone here today
—No.Two students are ___because they have a cold.
A．angry B．absent
C．active D．happy
D　
B　
25．(2021·河北)Please be polite and ___offer your seat to people who need it.
A．never B．seldom
C．sometimes D．always
26．(2021·辽宁营口)The ___news made him ________.He didn't fall asleep until midnight.
A．excited；excited B．exciting；exciting
C．exciting；excited D．excited；exciting
D　
C　
27．(2021·黑龙江大庆)The more ___you drive，the ________you are.
A．careful；safer B．carefully；safer
C．carefully；safely D．careful；safely
28．(2021·天津)Bill lives ___to school than Peter.
A．close B．closed
C．closer D．the closest
B　
C　
29．(2021·湖北黄冈)—Who is the girl dancing on the stage
—Oh，she's my friend Maria.She dances ___than before.
A．well B．much better
C．best D．the best
30．(2021·湖北黄石)Dr.Yuan Longping had a dream that he could develop rice as ___as peanuts (花生)．
A．large B．largest
C．larger D．the largest
B　
A　
31．(2021·江西)—Are you going to the airport by bus
—I'd rather take a taxi.It's___.
A．quicker B．cheaper
C．the quickest D．the cheapest
32．(2021·江西)Sue works___，so she never seems to make mistakes.
A．late B．alone
C．happily D．carefully
A　
D　
33．(2021·江苏南通)Our monitor is ___.He never shows off before others.
A．organized B．modest
C．generous D．energetic
34．(2021·广西贺州)During the exam，___you are，________mistakes you'll make.
A．the more careful；the less
B．the more careful；the fewer
C．the more careless；the less
D．the more careless；the fewer
B　
B　
35．(2021·江苏常州)China grows a great deal of cotton，___in the western areas.
A．finally B．highly
C．warmly D．mostly
D