高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Starting out课后检测练（含答案和解析）
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| 名称 | 高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Starting out课后检测练（含答案和解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-20 16:51:02 | ||
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Unit 4 Breaking boundaries——Starting out
一、完成句子
1.我第一次爬到屋顶时,感到紧张不安。
I climbed onto the roof,I felt nervous.
2.与老师面对面交流后,我决心要努力学习。
After a face-to-face talk with my teacher,I to study hard.
3.到户外晒晒太阳是有益的,但过分在阳光下曝晒,你的生命将会面临危险。
It’s nice to get out in the sun,but if you overdo it,you will .
4.我们不仅应该在课堂上认真听讲,而且应该经常练习说英语。
should we listen attentively in class, practise speaking English frequently.
5.她精力充沛,在她五十多岁的时候仍然活跃在政坛上。
She is full of energy and she remains active in politics .
二、阅读理解
It was a red letter day in the history of medicine —“Target Zero Day”， 8 May 1980, marking the complete removal of smallpox (天花), a terrifying disease.It was untreatable but, luckily, it turned out that vaccination (接种疫苗) provided good protection — and that mass immunization (免疫) could wipe out the smallpox virus by blocking its spread.
According to legend, vaccination was invented by Dr Edward Jenner.Jenner showed that healthy children vaccinated with cowpox, a mild infection of cattle, could not catch smallpox.He was supposedly inspired by a comment from a local milkmaid, but there is evidence that the idea came from a medical friend, John Fewster, who had experimented with cowpox.Nevertheless, Jenner deserves credit for introducing vaccination into the medical mainstream with his paper published in 1798.
In 1966, 160 years after the prediction that vaccination would clean off the disease, the World Health Organization launched its Smallpox Eradication Programme.This heroic 11 year drive was directed by two American public health doctors, DA Henderson and Bill Foege.Their hardships were enormous.One WHO official even promised to eat a tyre if smallpox was removed.Henderson promised to send him the tyre and wished him good appetite.But Henderson and Foege's hard work paid off — three years after the last smallpox case was informed (to make sure no outbreaks had been missed) Target Zero Day was declared.
40 years on, why should we remember Target Zero Day First, to celebrate victory of preventative medicine and freedom from a cruel disease.Then, we must remember the victims of smallpox.It had previously killed 1 in 12 worldwide.In 1914, a Canadian professor warned against forgetting smallpox, which was fast disappearing from North America.It went on to kill at least another 250 million people — three times more than both world wars combined.Target Zero Day also reminds us of undefeated infections, including polio, measles, malaria, and of course the coronavirus COVID 19.Let's recognize Target Zero Day for what it is：a milestone in world history and a monument to the art of the possible.
1．What inspired Jenner to invent the vaccination
A．A medical friend. B．A local milkmaid.
C．Cattle. D．Children.
2．What is the writer's purpose of mentioning the WHO official's promise
A．To introduce the support from the WHO.
B．To stress the importance of good appetite.
C．To suggest the difficulty in removing smallpox.
D．To show his determination to carry on the drive.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．All undefeated infections will be conquered soon.
B．World wars are worse than infections.
C．Canadians benefit from the vaccine most.
D．Smallpox is a terrifying disease.
4．What message does the text convey
A．Every dog has his day.
B．A good beginning is half the battle.
C．A trouble shared is a trouble halved.
D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eight women from across the UK 1. (announce) on December 5,2018 as winners of the 2018 NatWest everywoman Awards.As a part of the Awards,the Aphrodite Award is for women 2. have started businesses while their children were under 12,aiming 3.(inspire) others to follow in their footsteps.
We’ve always known that the entrants to the Aphrodite Award were special,but this year we’ve been 4. (true) bowled over by their impressive successes.From pioneering business principles,to facing down sexism,the brilliant businesswomen 5. (reinvent) enterprise once again and beating all the challenges.
But most of all,it creates an opportunity to show 6. (admire) for unseen talent.Female enterprisers aren’t used to showing off their successes,though they contribute ￡7.4 billion a year 7. the UK economy.42 percent of women responded their companies were successful while 62 percent of men said 8. (they) were successful,when asked to assess their businesses by the University of Cambridge and Barclays.And yet,on average,businesses run by women report even 9. (high) pre-tax profits.One of finalists,Susie Hewson,has 10.____ annual turnover(营业额) ￡19 million for her company.
四、书面表达
“推行垃圾分类,提倡低碳生活”是个全民活动,你班英语课将举行主题为“Let’s Go Green Now”的一分钟英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿,要点包括:
1.倡导绿色生活的原因;
2.实践途径(至少两点)。
注意:
1.词数80左右(首尾已给,不计入词数);
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Boys and girls,
I’m greatly honoured to deliver the speech.
That’s all.Thank you.
答案和解析
一、完成句子
1.The first time
2.made up my mind
3.put your life at risk
4.Not only;but also
5.in her 50s
二、阅读理解
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中but there is evidence that the idea came from a medical friend, John Fewster, who had experimented with cowpox可知，有证据表明，Jenner发明天花疫苗的灵感来自他的一个医学方面的朋友John Fewster。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中Their hardships were enormous.One WHO official even promised to eat a tyre if smallpox was removed.可知，他们的困难是巨大的。一位世卫组织官员甚至承诺，如果天花被根除，他将吃掉一只轮胎。由此可以推断，文章提到这位世卫组织官员的承诺是暗示当时世卫组织认为根除天花几乎是不可能的事情，会有很多困难。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It had previously killed 1 in 12 worldwide.及It went on to kill at least another 250 million people — three times more than both world wars combined.可知，天花造成巨大的死亡人数。由此可以推断出天花是一种可怕的疾病。
4.D 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了天花被根除的艰难历程。文章最后一句提到Let's recognize Target Zero Day for what it is：a milestone in world history and a monument to the art of the possible.可知，作者认为“零目标日”是可能性艺术的典范。根除天花尽管很艰难，但是，最终人类还是将它变得可能。故本文要传达的是D项(心之所愿，无事不成)。
三、语法填空
1.were announced 考查动词时态和语态。“Eight women”与“announce”之间是被动关系,再结合后面的时间状语“on December 5,2018”可知,此处表示发生在过去的动作,故用were announced。
2.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰前面的women,且在从句中作主语,故用who/that。
3.to inspire 考查非谓语动词。此处表示旨在激励其他人仿效她们。aim to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“旨在做某事”。
4.truly 考查副词。此处是指作者确实被她们令人钦佩的种种成就所震撼,空处修饰动词,故用副词truly。
5.are reinventing 考查动词时态和主谓一致。这些出色的女企业家们正在彻底改造企业,突破所有挑战。结合句意和后面的“and beating”可知,此处应用现在进行时,主语businesswomen为复数,故填are reinventing。
6.admiration 考查名词。结合空前的show及空后的for可知,空处应为名词,故填admiration“钦佩,赞赏”。
7.to 考查介词。此处表示她们一年给英国经济贡献74亿英镑。contribute sth. to sth.意为“增进/添加某物到某物”,是固定搭配。
8.theirs 考查代词。根据语境可知,此处表示62%的男性说他们的(公司)是成功的。此处指代their companies,因此用名词性物主代词theirs。
9.higher 考查形容词比较级。此处是比较男性企业家与女性企业家的公司利润,平均来看,女性企业家的税前利润更高。空前的even也是提示。
10.an 考查冠词。此处表示“一个年度的营业额”,无特指含义,应用不定冠词,且后面的annual的发音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
四、书面表达
Boys and girls,
I’m greatly honoured to deliver the speech.As we all know,with the development of economy and society,the number of private cars is amazingly increasing.Cars and other vehicles let off carbon gases,so do many other human activities,which causes global warming,disasters,and so on.It’s high time that we should go green.
From my point of view,we should raise the public’s awareness of the significance of going green.And taking public transportation or riding bicycles instead of driving should be greatly encouraged.What’s more,it’s a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life.
That’s all.Thank you.
一、完成句子
1.我第一次爬到屋顶时,感到紧张不安。
I climbed onto the roof,I felt nervous.
2.与老师面对面交流后,我决心要努力学习。
After a face-to-face talk with my teacher,I to study hard.
3.到户外晒晒太阳是有益的,但过分在阳光下曝晒,你的生命将会面临危险。
It’s nice to get out in the sun,but if you overdo it,you will .
4.我们不仅应该在课堂上认真听讲,而且应该经常练习说英语。
should we listen attentively in class, practise speaking English frequently.
5.她精力充沛,在她五十多岁的时候仍然活跃在政坛上。
She is full of energy and she remains active in politics .
二、阅读理解
It was a red letter day in the history of medicine —“Target Zero Day”， 8 May 1980, marking the complete removal of smallpox (天花), a terrifying disease.It was untreatable but, luckily, it turned out that vaccination (接种疫苗) provided good protection — and that mass immunization (免疫) could wipe out the smallpox virus by blocking its spread.
According to legend, vaccination was invented by Dr Edward Jenner.Jenner showed that healthy children vaccinated with cowpox, a mild infection of cattle, could not catch smallpox.He was supposedly inspired by a comment from a local milkmaid, but there is evidence that the idea came from a medical friend, John Fewster, who had experimented with cowpox.Nevertheless, Jenner deserves credit for introducing vaccination into the medical mainstream with his paper published in 1798.
In 1966, 160 years after the prediction that vaccination would clean off the disease, the World Health Organization launched its Smallpox Eradication Programme.This heroic 11 year drive was directed by two American public health doctors, DA Henderson and Bill Foege.Their hardships were enormous.One WHO official even promised to eat a tyre if smallpox was removed.Henderson promised to send him the tyre and wished him good appetite.But Henderson and Foege's hard work paid off — three years after the last smallpox case was informed (to make sure no outbreaks had been missed) Target Zero Day was declared.
40 years on, why should we remember Target Zero Day First, to celebrate victory of preventative medicine and freedom from a cruel disease.Then, we must remember the victims of smallpox.It had previously killed 1 in 12 worldwide.In 1914, a Canadian professor warned against forgetting smallpox, which was fast disappearing from North America.It went on to kill at least another 250 million people — three times more than both world wars combined.Target Zero Day also reminds us of undefeated infections, including polio, measles, malaria, and of course the coronavirus COVID 19.Let's recognize Target Zero Day for what it is：a milestone in world history and a monument to the art of the possible.
1．What inspired Jenner to invent the vaccination
A．A medical friend. B．A local milkmaid.
C．Cattle. D．Children.
2．What is the writer's purpose of mentioning the WHO official's promise
A．To introduce the support from the WHO.
B．To stress the importance of good appetite.
C．To suggest the difficulty in removing smallpox.
D．To show his determination to carry on the drive.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．All undefeated infections will be conquered soon.
B．World wars are worse than infections.
C．Canadians benefit from the vaccine most.
D．Smallpox is a terrifying disease.
4．What message does the text convey
A．Every dog has his day.
B．A good beginning is half the battle.
C．A trouble shared is a trouble halved.
D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eight women from across the UK 1. (announce) on December 5,2018 as winners of the 2018 NatWest everywoman Awards.As a part of the Awards,the Aphrodite Award is for women 2. have started businesses while their children were under 12,aiming 3.(inspire) others to follow in their footsteps.
We’ve always known that the entrants to the Aphrodite Award were special,but this year we’ve been 4. (true) bowled over by their impressive successes.From pioneering business principles,to facing down sexism,the brilliant businesswomen 5. (reinvent) enterprise once again and beating all the challenges.
But most of all,it creates an opportunity to show 6. (admire) for unseen talent.Female enterprisers aren’t used to showing off their successes,though they contribute ￡7.4 billion a year 7. the UK economy.42 percent of women responded their companies were successful while 62 percent of men said 8. (they) were successful,when asked to assess their businesses by the University of Cambridge and Barclays.And yet,on average,businesses run by women report even 9. (high) pre-tax profits.One of finalists,Susie Hewson,has 10.____ annual turnover(营业额) ￡19 million for her company.
四、书面表达
“推行垃圾分类,提倡低碳生活”是个全民活动,你班英语课将举行主题为“Let’s Go Green Now”的一分钟英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿,要点包括:
1.倡导绿色生活的原因;
2.实践途径(至少两点)。
注意:
1.词数80左右(首尾已给,不计入词数);
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Boys and girls,
I’m greatly honoured to deliver the speech.
That’s all.Thank you.
答案和解析
一、完成句子
1.The first time
2.made up my mind
3.put your life at risk
4.Not only;but also
5.in her 50s
二、阅读理解
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中but there is evidence that the idea came from a medical friend, John Fewster, who had experimented with cowpox可知，有证据表明，Jenner发明天花疫苗的灵感来自他的一个医学方面的朋友John Fewster。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中Their hardships were enormous.One WHO official even promised to eat a tyre if smallpox was removed.可知，他们的困难是巨大的。一位世卫组织官员甚至承诺，如果天花被根除，他将吃掉一只轮胎。由此可以推断，文章提到这位世卫组织官员的承诺是暗示当时世卫组织认为根除天花几乎是不可能的事情，会有很多困难。故选C项。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It had previously killed 1 in 12 worldwide.及It went on to kill at least another 250 million people — three times more than both world wars combined.可知，天花造成巨大的死亡人数。由此可以推断出天花是一种可怕的疾病。
4.D 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了天花被根除的艰难历程。文章最后一句提到Let's recognize Target Zero Day for what it is：a milestone in world history and a monument to the art of the possible.可知，作者认为“零目标日”是可能性艺术的典范。根除天花尽管很艰难，但是，最终人类还是将它变得可能。故本文要传达的是D项(心之所愿，无事不成)。
三、语法填空
1.were announced 考查动词时态和语态。“Eight women”与“announce”之间是被动关系,再结合后面的时间状语“on December 5,2018”可知,此处表示发生在过去的动作,故用were announced。
2.who/that 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰前面的women,且在从句中作主语,故用who/that。
3.to inspire 考查非谓语动词。此处表示旨在激励其他人仿效她们。aim to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“旨在做某事”。
4.truly 考查副词。此处是指作者确实被她们令人钦佩的种种成就所震撼,空处修饰动词,故用副词truly。
5.are reinventing 考查动词时态和主谓一致。这些出色的女企业家们正在彻底改造企业,突破所有挑战。结合句意和后面的“and beating”可知,此处应用现在进行时,主语businesswomen为复数,故填are reinventing。
6.admiration 考查名词。结合空前的show及空后的for可知,空处应为名词,故填admiration“钦佩,赞赏”。
7.to 考查介词。此处表示她们一年给英国经济贡献74亿英镑。contribute sth. to sth.意为“增进/添加某物到某物”,是固定搭配。
8.theirs 考查代词。根据语境可知,此处表示62%的男性说他们的(公司)是成功的。此处指代their companies,因此用名词性物主代词theirs。
9.higher 考查形容词比较级。此处是比较男性企业家与女性企业家的公司利润,平均来看,女性企业家的税前利润更高。空前的even也是提示。
10.an 考查冠词。此处表示“一个年度的营业额”,无特指含义,应用不定冠词,且后面的annual的发音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
四、书面表达
Boys and girls,
I’m greatly honoured to deliver the speech.As we all know,with the development of economy and society,the number of private cars is amazingly increasing.Cars and other vehicles let off carbon gases,so do many other human activities,which causes global warming,disasters,and so on.It’s high time that we should go green.
From my point of view,we should raise the public’s awareness of the significance of going green.And taking public transportation or riding bicycles instead of driving should be greatly encouraged.What’s more,it’s a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life.
That’s all.Thank you.