【课后练习】unit 1 Growing up Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
unit 1 Growing up
Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．At present we have no (evident) of life on other planets.
2．He had been ill for a long time and (consequent) he was left behind in his schoolwork.
3．Honestly speaking，I admire your (distinguish) achievements.
4．But with some hard work and (devote), you'll make progress.
5．In our country women enjoy equal rights with men in (politics) life as well as in family life.
6．(2018·江苏卷)It can be (conclusion) that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables”， given that they're profitable.
7．No liquids are served with meals because they interfere with (digest).
8．(2019·江苏卷)Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly (memory).
维度二　固定用法和搭配(空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．I usually have my clothes (wash) on Sundays, but I don't wash my clothes by myself.
2． conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
3．There is a lot of evidence stress is partly responsible for disease.
4．The city was in ruins as consequence of a severe earthquake.
5．The young man distinguished (he) by designing varied neckties.
6．I could see first glance that it wasn't the work of Xu Beihong.
7．(北京卷)Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to (help) others rebuild.
8． is responsible for this will be punished.
9．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)My mom is really concerned the health of everyone in our family.
10．From space, the earth looks blue.This is about seventy one percent of the surface is covered by water.
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．我一直渴望去中国的原因是我想体验中国文化。
I want to experience Chinese culture.
2．她已经开始将精力从表演转移到教学中。
She had started to ．
3．The woman devotes herself to the research，so she has little time to go home.
→ , the woman has little time to go home.(过去分词短语作状语)
→ , the woman has little time to go home.(现在分词短语作状语)
4．No matter where I went, the dog always followed me.
→ ，the dog always followed me.
5．老板让我记下出席会议的人员所说的话。
①The boss what people present at the meeting said. (have)
②The boss what people present at the meeting said. (get)
维度四　课文语法填空
When I was a child, I saw a magnificent picture of a boa constrictor 1. the act of swallowing an animal. Boa constrictors don't chew their prey. After that they are not able 2. (move), and they sleep through the six months that they need for 3. (digest).
I showed My Drawing Number One to the grown ups and they 4. (think) it was a hat. My drawing was not a picture of a hat. It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting 5. elephant. I drew the inside of the boa constrictor in My Drawing Number Two, so that the grown ups could see it 6. (clear). They always need to have things 7. (explain). The grown ups' response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, and devote myself instead 8. geography, history, arithmetic and grammar.
So then I chose another profession, and learned to pilot airplanes. And it is true that geography has been very useful to me. 9. a glance I can distinguish China from Arizona. During my life of a pilot, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been 10. (concern) with matters of consequence. I haven't changed my opinion of them after living among grown ups.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Teenagers from low income families in particular are more likely than their middle class peers (同龄人) to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. Studies have shown, however, that a positive attitude towards schoolwork and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement (参与) comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how teenagers experience their fathers' warmth and the beliefs and behavior that are most affected by it.
This new study is part of a large one focusing on low income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Researchers asked 183 sixth graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their school work, and how they experienced their fathers' warmth. The students' maths and language arts grades were also gained. The research team took into account the influence that mothers have on their children's well being in their analyses.
Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school. “Low income fathers affect their teenagers' beliefs about themselves and their future, and these beliefs influence their achievement by increasing their determination to complete school tasks，” says Dr. Marie Anne.
These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways. Experiencing their fathers' warmth first influences daughters' sense of optimism, and then spills_over_into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better maths grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers, love and boys' belief in their ability to succeed in academic field.
1．What is more likely to happen to teenagers from low income families
A．They will be more determined to struggle.
B．They will have fewer happy things to share.
C．They will fail in their studies and quit school.
D．They will receive less love from their parents.
2．How is the new research different from the previous ones
A．It only researches families in the north of America.
B．It only studies low education families in the world.
C．It combines questionnaire data and students' grades.
D．It mainly focuses on the effects of fathers' involvement.
3．What can we know about fathers' warmth
A．It is less effective than that of mothers.
B．It affects girls and boys in different ways.
C．It mainly applies to girls rather than boys.
D．It has a more direct effect on girls than on boys.
4．Which of the following best explains “spills over” underlined in the last paragraph
A．Spreads. B．Changes.
C．Bursts. D．Checks.
B
Young people's career expectations have become more concentrated in fewer occupations (职业) over the past two decades though social media and technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI)are developing rapidly, according to a report from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Traditional occupations from the 19th and 20th centuries, such as lawyers and police officers, continue to trap (使陷入) the imaginations of young people around the world as they did nearly 20 years ago.
The report, based on a latest survey of the 15 year olds in 41 countries, said the career expectations of youngsters may be“antiquated and unrealistic”．Nearly half of young people around the world wish to work in just 10 of the most common professions.
The surveys show that too many teenagers are ignoring, or don't know, new types of jobs that are coming up, particularly as a result of digitalisation (数字化). It is a concern that more young people than before appear to be picking their dream job from a small list of the most popular, traditional occupations, like teachers, lawyers or business managers.
The report found that among boys and girls who perform similarly in science, boys are more likely to expect to work in science and engineering. The top 10 occupations preferred by boys have changed very little since 2000—but girls are now more likely to want to be architects, police officers, and designers rather than hairdressers or writers.
The report also found a broader range of career expectations in countries with strong and firm occupational training for teenagers. For example, in Germany teenagers show a much wider range of career interests that better reflect patterns of labour market demands. More than a third of students in the UK report a lack of career advice at schools and colleges. Young people's wishes are set as young as age 7, and do not change enough over time to meet demands.
5．What does the underlined word “antiquated” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Outdated B．Uncertain.
C．Purposeful. D．Demanding.
6．How does the author feel about the young's job interest
A．Puzzled. B．Surprised.
C．Satisfied. D．Worried.
7．What measure can widen career interests of the youth
A．Strengthening the occupational training for teenagers.
B．Offering more new types of occupations with high pay.
C．Advertising new types of occupations on social media.
D．Enriching the occupation imaginations of young people.
8．What is the best title for the text
A．New Occupations for Young People
B．Young People's Career Expectations
C．The Occupational Training for Teenagers
D．The Different Demands in Labour Market
Ⅱ.完形填空
Growing up, I knew one thing about my accountant father: he understood everything. In my teen years, he taught me things I'd need to know to __1__ in the real world. When I moved out, I called him each week, usually when something __2__ in my apartment. But then I got married, I needed him __3__. When I called, our conversations __4__ into several words: “Hi, Dad.” He: “Hi, sweets.” Here's I loved my dad, __5__ I wondered at times if maybe he had already __6__ everything I needed to know.
This past summer, I moved in with my parents while our house was being repaired. Dad asked me to help him __7__ the bulkhead at their dock. As we put the new bulkhead together piece by piece, my dad knowing __8__ what went where, I looked at him. “How do you know how to build a bulkhead？” “I spent a summer in college building them.” “You did？” I thought I knew everything about my dad—all his __9__ jobs. I knew about him being the apple collector, the TV repairer. But I never knew this. “Yep. Now let me teach you how to use this saw (锯子).As he explained the __10__， I realized that maybe it's not that there's nothing left to say. Maybe it's just that I've spent my life asking him the __11__ questions.
After I moved back, I called my parents. Dad answered. “Hi, sweets.” Here's “ __12__ Dad.” I said. “How are you？” We __13__ talking about work he was doing. To anyone else, it would sound like a(n) __14__ conversation between a dad and his daughter. But to me, it was a new __15__. I spent the first part of my life needing to talk to my dad. Now I talk to him because I want to.
1．A.survive B．imagine
C．change D．discover
2．A.stopped B．broke
C．interrupted D．disappeared
3．A.more B．better
C．less D．little
4．A.changed B．remained
C．cut D．summarized
5．A.as B．and
C．so D．but
6．A.commanded B．required
C．informed D．shared
7．A.reform B．recall
C．rebuild D．recycle
8．A.specially B．exactly
C．actually D．generally
9．A.random B．formal
C．official D．current
10．A.decision B．plan
C．skills D．phenomena
11．A.wrong B．simple
C．difficult D．awkward
12．A.Listen B．Hello
C．Wait D．Pardon
13．A.ended up B．took up
C．aimed at D．paused at
14．A.special B．normal
C．aimless D．occasional
15．A.conversation B．reality
C．skill D．beginning
参考答案与解析
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
evidence
Consequently
Distinguished
Devotion
Political
Concluded
Digestion
Memorable
维度二　固定用法和搭配(空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
Washed
In
That
a
Himself
At
Helping
Whoever
With
Because
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
The_reason_why_I_have_been_longing_to_go_to_China_is_that
devote_her_energies_to_teaching_rather_than_performing
Devoted_to_the_research Devoting_herself_to_the_research
Wherever_I_went
①had_me_set_down②got_me_to_set_down
维度四　课文语法填空
in
to_move
Digestion
Thought
An
clearly
Explained
to
At
Concerned
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在低收入家庭中，父亲的爱和温暖会让孩子对学业更有信心。
1.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Teenagers from low income families in particular are more likely than their middle class peers to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. ”可知，来自低收入家庭的青少年比中产阶级的同龄人更有可能学业没那么好，更可能辍学。故选C。
2.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school.”可知，新的研究结果表明，父亲如何支持青少年才能使孩子更乐观，在学校取得更好的成绩。由此可知，新的研究主要关注父亲的参与对孩子的影响。故选D。
3.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways.”可知，父亲的温暖带来的积极影响以不同的方式影响着女孩和男孩。故选B。
4.A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Experiencing their fathers' warmth first influences daughters' sense of optimism”可知，父亲的温暖首先会影响女儿的乐观情绪；then表示顺承关系；根据画线词下文“into...their feeling...”可知，这种温暖进入到他们的情感中；由此可以猜测spill over 意为“渗透、蔓延”。故选A。
B
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年职业理想的现状、研究结果和解决措施。
5.A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The surveys show that too many teenagers are ignoring, or don't know, new types of jobs that are coming up”可知，太多的青少年不知道正在出现的新型工作，所以年轻人对职业的期望可能是“过时的和不现实的”，画线词语意为“过时的”。故选A。
6.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is a concern that more young people than before appear to be picking their dream job from a small list of the most popular, traditional occupations, like teachers, lawyers or business managers.”可知，作者认为更多的年轻人从少量的最流行、最传统的职业中选择自己的职业这件事是令人担心的事。故选D。
7.A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The report also found a broader range of career expectations in countries with strong and firm occupational training for teenagers.”可知，对青少年加强职业培训会带来更广泛的职业兴趣。故选A。
8.B　解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段主要介绍了年轻人的职业理想的现状，下文介绍了研究结果和解决措施，由此可知，本文是介绍年轻人的职业理想。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候经常问父亲各种问题，父亲也教会作者如何在现实世界生存，随着作者长大，结婚后，与父亲对话就越来越少了。直到有一次，父亲让作者重建码头的舱壁，工作中的对话让作者意识到自己并不是和父亲没话可说。从那以后，作者更加珍惜和父亲一起交流。
1.A　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我十几岁的时候，他教会了我在现实世界中生存需要知道的事情。survive意为“生存”， imagine意为“想象”， change意为“变化”， discover意为“发现”。根据上文“In my teen years”可知，当作者十几岁的时候，父亲教给她的是怎样“生存”。故选A。
2.B　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我搬出去的时候，我每周都给他打电话，通常是在我的公寓有什么东西坏了的时候。stop意为“停止”， break意为“打破、损坏”， interrupt意为“打断(说话)”， disappear意为“消失”。根据上文可知，作者小时候，父亲教她生存，作者渐渐长大，搬出去后，生活中遇到问题，还要求助于父亲，所以此处指有东西损坏的时候，就向父亲求助。故选B。
3.C　解析：考查形容词及比较级词义辨析。句意：但我结婚后，就不那么需要他了。more意为“更多的”， better意为“更好的”， less意为“更少的”， little意为“少的”。根据“But”的语义转折可知，原来东西坏了求助父亲，结婚后有丈夫帮忙，就不怎么求助父亲了。因此是和没有结婚前作比较，故排除D项。故选C。
4.A　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话时，我们的对话变成了几个字：“嗨，爸爸。”他说：“嗨，宝贝。”change意为“改变”， remain意为“保持”， cut意为“削减”， summarize意为“总结”。根据句意可知，因为生活上不再求助于父亲，所以电话内容就变成了简单的问候。故选A。
5.D　解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：我爱我的父亲，但有时我想知道他是否已经告诉了我所需要知道的一切。as意为“当……时”， and意为“并且”， so意为“因此”， but意为“但是”。下文“I wondered at times if maybe he had already ______ everything I needed to know.”和上文“I loved my dad”是转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故选D。
6.D　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱我的父亲，但有时我想知道他是否已经告诉了我所需要知道的一切。command意为“命令”，require意为“要求”， inform意为“通知”， share意为“分享”。根据上文“In my teen years, he taught me things I'd need to know to ______ in the real world.”可知，作者想知道父亲是否已经告诉了作者所需要知道的一切。故选D。
7.C　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸让我帮他重建码头的舱壁。reform意为“改革”， recall意为“回忆”， rebuild意为“重建”， recycle意为“再利用”。根据下文“How do you know how to build a bulkhead？”可知，这里应指“重建”。故选C。
8.B　解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们一块一块地把新的舱壁组装起来的时候，我爸爸精确地知道什么东西放在哪里，我看着他。specially意为“特别地”， exactly意为“确切地、精确地”， actually意为“实际上”， generally意为“一般地”。这里作者描写父亲丰富的工作经验，根据上文“As we put the new bulkhead together piece by piece”可知，父亲能够精确地知道每个部件的位置。故选B。
9.A　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为我知道关于我爸爸的一切——他所有的任意的工作。random意为“随机的、任意的”， formal意为“正式的”， official意为“权威的” current意为“通用的”。根据上文“everything”可知，这里指所有的任意的工作。故选A。
10.C　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他解释这些技巧的时候，我意识到也许这并不是没什么可说的。decision意为“决定”， plan意为“计划”， skill意为“技巧”， phenomenon意为“现象”。根据上文“Now let me teach you how to use this saw.”可知，父亲解释给作者的是“技巧”。故选C。
11.A　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许我这辈子都在问他不合适的问题。wrong意为“错误的、不合适的”， simple意为“简单的”， difficult意为“困难的”， awkward意为“笨拙的”。根据上文“I realized that maybe it's not that there's nothing left to say”可知，作者意识到和父亲并不是没什么可说的了，也许是问的问题不合适，问的问题不对。故选A。
12.C　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是“等一等，爸爸。”我说。listen意为“听”， hello意为“喂”， wait意为“等”， pardon意为“请再说一遍”。根据下文“We ______ talking about work he was doing.”作者和父亲继续交流可知，原来作者和父亲在电话里都是简单的问候，现在作者怕父亲挂电话，所以说“等一等”。故选C。
13.A　解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后我们谈到了他正在做的工作。end up意为“最终处于”， take up意为“拿起、从事”， aim at意为“对准”， pause at意为“暂停在”。因为作者意识到父亲有丰富的工作经验，所以从问候开始，最终谈论的是父亲正在做的工作。故选A。
14.B　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对其他人来说，这听起来就像是父女之间的平常对话。special意为“特殊的、专门的”， normal意为“正常的、平常的”， aimless意为“漫无目的的”， occasional意为“偶然的、临时的”。根据下文“ between a dad and his daughter”可知，此处指作者和父亲的对话看似平常。故选B。
15.D　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对我来说，这是一个新的开始。conversation意为“对话”， reality意为“现实”， skill意为“技巧”， beginning意为“开始、开端”。根据上文“ To anyone else, it would sound like a(n) ______ conversation between a dad and his daughter. But to me”以及下文“I spent the first part of my life needing to talk to my dad.”可知，对于作者来说，这是人生中的一个新的开端。故选D。
　
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)