【课后练习】unit 1 Growing up Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
unit 1 Growing up
Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
No matter what difficulty you will meet with, carry out your (commit).
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his (contribute) to Quantum Theory.
3．I would appreciate it if my application could get your (approve).
4．(浙江卷)But when he looked to the side, he saw (instant) that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf.
5．(天津卷) (donate) began flooding in from hundreds of people.
6．It took her the whole afternoon to look for and select the (suit) clothes.
7．We should take measures to forbid returning (legal) cooking oil to dinner tables.
8．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew (gradual) from 800 people to 8 million.
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．From then on, I committed myself to (lose) weight and getting into shape gradually.
2．(2018·天津卷)Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited fast food restaurants than homes and high end restaurants.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I am determined to study hard, to be a useful person to the country and to contribute the improvement of people's lives.
4．Nowadays，increasing numbers of people elect (work) at home.
5．(2019·北京卷)She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits Big Smiles.
6．We have made a rule not to smoke in the office.
7．This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt the way we use memory is changing.
8．The Act provides that only the parents of a child have a responsibility that child's financial support.
9．Much to my surprise, she burst into tears instant she read the letter.
10．I don't like the way you talk to the librarian of our university library.
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．每天早晨朗读英语会有助于提高你的英语口语。
Reading English every morning ．
2．这个协会的成员承诺他们不会卷入这一争端。
The members of the association that they wouldn't be involved in the dispute.
3．Without doubt, he is the world's most powerful economist.
→ he is the world's most powerful economist.
4．他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。
① and left after two weeks. (suited adj.)
② and he left after two weeks. (suitable adj.)
③ and he left after two weeks. (suit v．)
5．这位老人给当地聋哑学校捐了很多钱。
①The old man the local school for the deaf.(donate v．)
②The old man the local school for the deaf.(donation n．)
维度四　课文语法填空
What does reaching this milestone, the age of majority, really mean Three young people tell us what turning 18 1. (mean), or meant, to them.
Bethany, 16, from Victoria, Australia, has been working ever since 2. (leave) school, but she still can't vote in the next general 3. (elect). She thinks that when she's old enough 4. (earn) a wage and pay taxes, she should have a say 5. ____how the government spends them, and that she's mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility 6. her life and the lives of other people.
Lin Ning, 19，from Shanghai, China, celebrated his 18th birthday just before he went to university. He expected to feel instantly different, as if he 7. (close) the door on his childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. But it wasn't like that. When he woke up the next day, there were still rules to obey and lessons to attend. At 18, he can do things like getting a credit card. More 8. (important), he can act on his desire to help others, for example 9. signing an organ donation agreement.
Morgan, 20, from Florida, the US, thought that once he was 18 and took a full time job, he'd be able to move into a rented apartment, but his salary is not high enough. He also finds 10. hard to save money because of contribution to the household bills and high commuting costs.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Fresh off the biggest win of her short gymnastics career, 16 year old Morgan Hurd and her coach, Siava Glazunov, landed at Philadelphia International Airport, headed to baggage claim and prepared for the hour long drive home to Middletown, Delaware. It was a dull drill they'd performed hundreds of times before.
She is that gymnast who competes wearing glasses. She is so petite (娇小) that she looks tiny standing next to other gymnasts.
“No one is born perfect，” Hurd says. “You will have imperfections. I hope more people see me and try to do sports or gymnastics with glasses. Nothing should stop you from doing something you are passionate about.”
Hurd was 11 months old when her mom, Sherri, adopted her from Wenzhou, China, and brought her to Middletown. When Morgan was 3, Sherri began signing her up for various sports—gymnastics, soccer, T ball, dance. Because of her size, most sports were tough. But at gymnastics class, being tiny and flexible was a gift. By the fifth grade, her talent had outgrown her classes, so Sherri brought her to First State.
“She stood out from the start，” Glazunov says. “She exhibited that desire. She loves to impress and she wanted it always. No one ever had to tell her to work hard.”
A single mom, Sherri worked as a dental hygienist for 30 years until retiring and taking a job for Discover Bank that allowed her to work from home, support her daughter's home schooling and help her daughter's gymnastics career.
“Who would have known when I went to get that little girl in China what was going to happen，” Sherri says. “This is our life now, but that is what I want for her, a life that is as fulfilling and happy as possible.”
1．What makes Morgan Hurd different from other athletes
A．She is a poor child who has a single mother.
B．She is an orphan who was adopted from China.
C．She is the gymnast who competed wearing glasses.
D．She is an athlete who first won the champion at 16.
2．Why did Sherri take a job for Discover Bank
A．She enjoyed working at home.
B．She didn't like the previous one.
C．She needed a thorough career change.
D．She could give her full support to Morgan.
3．Which of the following best describes Morgan Hurd
A．Tiny and perfect.
B．Talented and outstanding.
C．Flexible but incapable.
D．Passionate but proud.
4．In which column of a website can you most probably read this text
A．Culture. B．Sports.
C．Travel. D．Job.
B
That morning, I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.
On Monday morning, I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children' Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps.
Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didn't take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.
On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren't going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children.
5．How did the author feel about her hospital work
A．Unusually demanding.
B．Lacking in motivation.
C．Filled with challenges.
D．Packed with chances.
6．What led the author to decide to adopt children
A．She wanted to make a difference in other people.
B．She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew.
C．She felt confident about her ability to raise children.
D．She experienced training to raise children properly.
7．What does the underlined word “placement” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The child to be adopted.
B．The need to get trained.
C．The approval of adoption.
D．The official at the hospital.
8．Why did the author appear at the courtroom
A．To put the adopted kids elsewhere.
B．To receive another adopted child.
C．To begin the kids adoption in her home.
D．To make the adoption officially legal.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Flo Meiler was a Senior Olympics tennis player. She __1__ track and field at age 60.At 65, she tried the pole vault (撑竿跳高) for the first time. Now, over a decade later, Meiler has __2__ in the Nation Senior Games 13 times and holds 15 world records: one hundred meter, the high jump, the long jump, the pole vault and so on. Meiler's __3__ of accomplishments goes on. Meiler is proud of it. How many __4__ does your great grandma hold Maybe none yet. __5__， Meiler will tell her there's still plenty of __6__．
In Bernice Bates' yoga class, there is a motto: “I can do that.” You will feel __7__ when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into __8__ most healthy young people can't even do. Bates began __9__ herself yoga in 1980.Now, at 92, she __10__ a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth. While teaching free lessons to residents of her Florida retirement home, Bates __11__ those who're decades younger than her by __12__ one simple philosophy: As long as you're alive, it's never too late to love your __13__. This article must __14__ with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birth day last year by bringing the whole family to a party on Orcas Island. Century old smiles are a truly __15__ thing.
1．A.gave up B．took up
C．cleaned up D．set up
2．A.competed B．failed
C．studied D．practised
3．A.list B．dream
C．desire D．expectation
4．A.tests B．results
C．scores D．records
5．A.Besides B．However
C．Otherwise D．Therefore
6．A.time B．need
C．sense D．fate
7．A.relaxed B．upset
C．optimistic D．annoyed
8．A.examples B．pieces
C．structures D．shapes
9．A.showing B．awarding
C．teaching D．creating
10．A.searches B．holds
C．cleans D．reaches
11．A.promises B．invites
C．requires D．inspires
12．A.getting B．asking
C．sharing D．making
13．A.family B．body
C．friends D．careers
14．A.deal B．compare
C．end D．continue
15．A.common B．necessary
C．difficult D．beautiful
参考答案与解析
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
commitment
contribution
Approval
Instantly
Donations
Suitable
Illegal
gradually
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
losing
For
to
to_work
To
It
That
For
The
That
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
will_contribute_to_improving_your_oral_English
made_a_commitment
There_is_no_doubt_that
①He_wasn't_suited_for_the_job ②The_job_wasn't_suitable_for_him ③ The_job_didn't_suit_him
① donated_a_lot_of_money ②made_a_donation_of_a_lot_of_money_to
维度四　课文语法填空
Means
Leaving
Election
to_earn
On
For
had_closed
Importantly
By
it
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国国家体操队运动员摩根·赫德的成长经历。
1.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She is that gymnast who competes wearing glasses.”和第三段中“I hope more people see me and try to do sports or gymnastics with glasses.” 可知，摩根·赫德是戴着眼镜参加比赛的体操运动员。她希望有更多的人试着戴着眼镜做运动。因此，摩根与其他运动员的不同之处在于她戴着眼镜参加体操比赛。故选C。
2.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“...taking a job for Discover Bank that allowed her to work from home, support her daughter's home schooling and help her daughter's gymnastics career.(在发现银行的工作让她可以在家工作、支持女儿在家接受教育，并帮助女儿的体操事业。)”由此可以推断，摩根·赫德的妈妈退休后接受在发现银行的工作是为了全力支持摩根。故选D。
3.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“By the fifth grade, her talent had outgrown her classes”和第五段中的“She stood out from the start”可知，摩根在体操方面很有天赋，并且她的教练认为她一开始就很出色。故选B。
4.B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章是关于美国国家体操队运动员摩根·赫德的情况，应该是在网站的体育栏目读到这篇文章。故选B。
B
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院有一份满意的工作，但是作者想要通过自己的努力来改善他人的人生，于是走上了收养孩子的道路。
5.B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It was wonderful...who needed it desperately.”可知，作者的工作和生活都很好，但是作者意识到自己在医院的工作不能让别人的生活发生改变，需要做一些事来拓展她的极限、促使自己成长。由此推断作者觉得自己在医院的工作缺少动力。故选B。
6.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It was wonderful, but...who needed it desperately.”可知，作者意识到在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活，她需要一些能拓展她的极限、推动她成长的东西。于是希望挑战自己的能力，为需要安全的孩子提供安全的成长环境，由此可推知作者收养孩子的原因是她想给别人的生活造成影响。故选A。
7.A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room，...under our care.”可知，“我们”的placement在医院的急诊室等待作者，一脸的病态，并且营养不良。没过多久“我们”就意识到她的痛苦有多深。六个月后，她同父异母的弟弟应“我们”的要求来找“我们”。“我们”现在照顾五个孩子。故这里的placement指作者准备领养的孩子。故选A。
8.D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.”可知，2016年8月12日，“我们”一家七口走进一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工作者都在那里。只说了几句话，“我们”的收养就完成了。由此可推断，作者出现在法庭上是为了使收养正式合法化。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位老人家坚持挑战自我，取得了许多年轻人都望尘莫及的成绩。在文章的结尾，作者还赞美了已年过百岁的奶奶。
1.B　解析：考查动词短语。句意：梅勒以前是一位网球运动员，她在60岁时开始从事田径运动。give up意为“放弃”，take up意为“从事”，clean up意为“打扫”，set up意为“设定”。根据“At 65, she tried the pole vault for the first time.”可知，她60岁开始从事田径运动。故选B。
2.A　解析：考查动词。句意：直到现在，梅勒已经参加了13场国家老年人运动会。compete意为“竞赛”，fail意为“失败”，study意为“研究”，practise意为“练习”。根据“and holds 15 world records”可知，梅勒参加了运动会并保持了世界记录。故选A。
3.A　解析：考查名词。句意：梅勒的成就单还在继续。list意为“清单”，dream意为“梦想”，desire意为“渴望”，expectation意为“期待”。 根据“holds 15 world records: one hundred meter, the high jump, the long jump, the pole vault and so on. ”可知，这些都是她成就的项目清单。故选A。
4.D　解析：考查名词。句意：你的奶奶持有多少记录呢？也许一个都没有。test意为“测试”， result意为“结果”，score意为“得分”，record意为“记录”。 根据“Maybe none yet.”可知，前面问你的奶奶持有多少像梅勒一样的记录。 故选D。
5.B　解析：考查副词。句意：然而，梅勒会说她依旧还有大量的时间。besides意为“另外”， however意为“然而”， otherwise意为“否则”， therefore意为“因此”。根据“Maybe none yet.”你的奶奶持有多少记录呢？也许一个都没有，但是梅勒会说她依旧还有大量的时间，前后表示转折。故选B。
6.A　解析：考查名词。句意同上。time意为“时间”，need意为“需要”， sense意为“感觉”， fate意为“命运”。根据“She ____ track and field at age 60.At 65，she tried the pole vault for the first time.” 可知，梅勒用她的经历告诉大家老年人仍然有时间。故选A。
7.C　解析：考查形容词。句意：当你看到贝茨把身体弯曲成很多年轻人都无法做到的形状时，你会感觉很乐观。relaxed意为“放松的”， upset意为“失望的”， optimistic意为“乐观的”， annoyed意为“恼火的”。根据“when watching Bates twist and flatten her body into ____ most healthy young people can't even do.”可知，看到年老的贝茨能挑战一些年轻人无法做到的极限动作时，会感觉乐观。故选C。
8.D　解析：考查名词。 句意同上。example意为“例子”， piece意为“张”， structure意为“结构”， shape意为“形状”。根据“most healthy young people can't even do”可知，贝茨做出一些年轻人无法做到的动作，弯曲成很难做到的形状。故选D。
9.C　解析：考查动词。句意：贝茨在1980年开始自学瑜伽。show意为“展示”， award意为“授奖”， teach意为“教育”， create意为“创造”。teach oneself意为“自学”。故选C。
10.B　解析：考查动词。句意：贝茨现在保持着世界上最年老的瑜伽练习者的吉尼斯世界纪录。search意为“搜索”， hold意为“持有”， clean意为“打扫”， reach意为“达到”。根据“ in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest yogi on Earth”可知，是保持吉尼斯世界纪录。故选B。
11.D　解析：考查动词。句意：贝茨通过分享一句简单的哲理来激励那些比她年纪小几十岁的人。promise意为“答应”， invite意为“邀请”， require意为“需要”， inspire意为“激励”。根据“one simple philosophy: As long as you're alive, it's never too late to love your ______．”“只要你活着，爱惜自己的身体永远不晚”可知，这句哲理是激励别人的。故选D。
12.C　解析：考查动词。句意同上。get意为“得到”， ask意为“询问”， share意为“分享”， make意为“制作”。根据“one simple philosophy: As long as you're alive, it's never too late to love your______．” 可知，“只要你活着，爱惜自己的身体永远不晚”这是贝茨在和别人分享哲理。故选C。
13.B　解析：考查名词。句意：只要你活着，爱惜自己的身体永远不晚。family意为“家庭”， body意为“身体”， friend意为“朋友”， career意为“事业”。根据上下文语境可知，贝茨坚持锻炼，这是爱惜身体的表现。故选B。
14.C　解析：考查动词。句意：这篇文章必须以我去年刚过完100岁生日的奶奶来结束。deal意为“处理”， compare意为“比较”， end意为“结束”，continue意为“继续”。最后一段收尾，要结束文章。故选C。
15.D　解析：考查形容词。 句意：百岁的笑容真的是非常美妙的事情。common意为“普通的”， necessary意为“必要的”， difficult意为“困难的”， beautiful意为“美丽的”。根据“with my own great grandmother who celebrated her 100th birth day last year”可知，奶奶庆祝百岁生日，高兴地露出了美丽的笑容。故选D。
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