2022年中考英语语法专练——宾语从句（含答案）

中考英语语法专练——宾语从句
【01 巩固练】
1．Please describe ________ the criminal ________.
A．what; looks B．how; look
C．how; looks like D．what; looks like
2．Life on Mars would be very difficult _________ with _________ it is on Earth.
A．compared; how B．compared; what C．comparing; what D．comparing; how
3．Could you tell me ________
A．what the matter is with your friend B．if he would go to your party
C．when will the lesson start D．what happened to Sam
4．Jack asked me _________ .
A．that I could help him with his English B．which shirt he should choose
C．how could he get to the nearest restaurant D．if will I go with him
5．I hope _____ each other soon.
A．us meet B．us to meet C．we meeting D．we will meet
6．We never doubt ________ the song Where has the time gone is ________ again and again.
A．whether, well worth listening to B．that, well worth listening to
C．that, very worth to listen to D．whether, very worth to listen
7．—Could you tell me ________
— Of course. Go straight ahead and you’ll see it’s just opposite the cinema.
A．how can I get to the nearest bus station B．where the nearest flower shop was
C．how I can get to the nearest bookshop D．where is the nearest bank
8．—Amy looked so sleepy in the English class. I wonder ________.
—Of course not. She must have stayed up late to study.
A．when she went to sleep last night B．if she had enough sleep last night
C．when did she get up this morning D．why she was so tired
9．—Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. Only ten minutes’ walk.
A．how soon he will be back B．how long have you been here C．how far it is from the park
10．—This article is too hard to understand. I wonder ________.
—Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wang. He reads a lot and is ready to help.
A．who I can ask for help B．who can I ask for help
C．how I can ask for help D．how can I ask for help
11．—I’m not sure ___________.
—Hainan sounds like a good choice.
A．whether I should take a jacket B．what the weather is like in Hainan
C．how long it takes to fly to Hainan D．where I can spend my summer holiday
12．— What did he say I couldn’t hear him. — _____________.
A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun.
C．He said the earth went round the sun. D．He says the earth went round the sun.
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·青海）—Hi, Mary! I want to go to Qinghai Museum, but I am not sure ________ get there.
—Don’t worry. Let me tell you.
A．how could I B．how I can C．how can I D．how I did
2．（2021·江苏中考真题）—Any news about China’s space station Do you know ________
—At the end of 2022, I think.
A．when it will be in service B．where it will be sent up
C．when will it be in service D．where will it be sent up
3．（2021·山西中考真题）— China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
— They never gave up and fought to the last minute in the game.
A．how they won the game B．why they played the game C．where they played the game
4．（2021·江苏中考真题）—A celebration for the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC(中国共产党) will be held，and I’m wondering ________.
—Let’s have a discussion about it this afternoon.
A．how will we get there B．which clubs will take part
C．what we could do for it D．whether can we do something for it
5．（2021·湖北中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holidays
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A．where are you going B．where you go
C．where you are going D．where you went
6．（2021·广西中考真题）The doctor wanted to know ________ this morning.
A．what did you have B．what you had C．what you have
7．（2021·北京中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________
—Next Thursday morning.
A．when we visited the Capital Museum B．when did we visit the Capital Museum
C．when we will visit the Capital Museum D．when will we visit the Capital Museum
8．（2021·辽宁真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________
—Well, go along this street and turn right. It’s on the left.
A．how can I get to the bank B．where I can find a restaurant
C．when I can find a restaurant D．what can I do next
9．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市2021年中考英语试题）—Could you tell me
—You should be friendly, polite and helpful.
A．how can I become a popular student
B．why I could become a popular student
C．how I can become a popular student
10．（2021·辽宁中考真题）—Daming, do you know ________
—The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A．how large Zhangjiajie is B．what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C．how large is Zhangjiajie D．what Zhangjiajie is famous for
二、完成句子
11．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）能否完成这项任务并不取决于你愿意花多少时间。
Whether you can finish this task ________ to spend on it.
12．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）我们非常憧憬未来是什么样子的。
We’re really expecting ________.
13．（2021·湖北黄石·中考真题）你知道他什么时候带我去参观他的工厂吗？
Do you know when _________ _________ _________ me _________ his factory
14．（2021·山东日照·中考真题）The boy _________ (承诺) he wouldn’t be late for school any more.
三、阅读单选（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）
Walking
If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you — walking. You may think that simply taking a walk is not enough to make a big difference. You may think that you need to do something like running to stay healthy. Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.
Running is a high-impact (高强度的) activity and can be hard on the body. So, many people cannot run. Walking seems to have all of the advantages and none of the disadvantages of running.
Dr Russell Pate is a professor of exercise science at the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina. He says, “Walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises a person can do. You do not need to learn a lot to get results.”
Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere. It fits easily into your daily schedule (日程表). You can walk at work. You can walk if you want to go shopping. You can take the stairs instead of the lift.
Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect. You can do a little at a time, or as we like to say, take baby steps.
15．The new study shows that ________.
A．running is better than walking B．walking is the best way of exercising
C．walking and running are not good enough D．walking is as good as running
16．Dr Russell Pate says walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises because ________.
A．walking is a high-impact activity and can be easy on the body
B．walking needs no skills
C．walking needs no special skills or equipment, and we can do it anywhere
D．walking has more advantages than running
17．What does the underlined word “equipment” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese
A．器材 B．食宿 C．机会 D．阶段
18．Which one is TRUE according to this passage
A．Walking is not good for a beginner.
B．Walking seems to have all of the advantages of running.
C．You’d better drive when you want to go shopping.
D．Walking does harm to all people after an illness or accident.
19．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell people that they shouldn’t walk more. B．To tell people that walking is a waste of time.
C．To tell people that they should walk moreD．To tell people that they don’t need to run any more
解析及答案
【01 巩固练】
1．Please describe ________ the criminal ________.
A．what; looks B．how; look
C．how; looks like D．what; looks like
【答案】D
【详解】句意：请描述一下罪犯的长相。考查宾语从句和固定句型。固定句型what do/does sb. look like表示“某人长什么样”，放在宾语从句中，则要变为陈述语序，第一个空为宾语从句中引导词，应用what；look like“看起来像”，固定搭配。故选D。
2．Life on Mars would be very difficult _________ with _________ it is on Earth.
A．compared; how B．compared; what C．comparing; what D．comparing; how
【答案】B
【详解】句意：火星上的生活比地球上的生活要困难得多。考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。此处指火星上的生活被拿来与地球上的生活相比，用compare的过去分词形式compared；“it is”后缺少表语，用what，how不能作表语。故选B。
3．Could you tell me ________
A．what the matter is with your friend B．if he would go to your party
C．when will the lesson start D．what happened to Sam
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你能告诉我Sam怎么了吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，AC语序错误；主句“Could you tell me”是委婉语气，时态是一般现在时，“主现从不限”，B项使用过去将来时，时态错误，故选D。
4．Jack asked me _________ .
A．that I could help him with his English B．which shirt he should choose
C．how could he get to the nearest restaurant D．if will I go with him
【答案】B
【详解】句意：Jack问他应该选择哪一个衬衫。考查宾语从句。that I could help him with his English我能帮助他学英语；which shirt he should choose他应该选择哪一个衬衫；how could he get to the nearest restaurant 他怎样去最近的餐馆；if will I go with him我是否会和他一起去。根据句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除C和D；句子的谓语动词是“asked”“问……”，A选项不是一个问题，B选项符合语境，故选B。
5．I hope _____ each other soon.
A．us meet B．us to meet C．we meeting D．we will meet
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我希望我们能很快见面。考查hope用法。hope sb to do错误，故排除B;C选项缺少谓语动词，排除C；hope的用法是：hope to do或者hope that从句；此处是接从句的用法，主句是现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合“soon”可知，从句应用一般将来时，此处省略了引导词that，故选D。
6．We never doubt ________ the song Where has the time gone is ________ again and again.
A．whether, well worth listening to B．that, well worth listening to
C．that, very worth to listen to D．whether, very worth to listen
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们从不怀疑《时间都去哪了》这首歌值得一遍遍地听。考查宾语从句引导词的辨析及固定搭配。doubt后面引导了宾语从句，引导词that无实意，whether意为“是否”。因为句中有never一词，never doubt 意为“毫无疑问”，后跟肯定内容，所以引导词用that。第二个空格考查的是固定搭配“be worth doing”。故选B。
7．—Could you tell me ________
— Of course. Go straight ahead and you’ll see it’s just opposite the cinema.
A．how can I get to the nearest bus station B．where the nearest flower shop was
C．how I can get to the nearest bookshop D．where is the nearest bank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样去最近的书店吗？ ——当然。一直往前走，你就会在电影院的对面看到它。考查宾语从句。could是can的过去式，用于表示请求的疑问句中不表示过去，而表示委婉的提出请求，排除B；含有宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除A；根据“Go straight ahead and you’ll see it’s just opposite the cinema.”可知，此处是问怎样去最近的书店。因此用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
8．—Amy looked so sleepy in the English class. I wonder ________.
—Of course not. She must have stayed up late to study.
A．when she went to sleep last night B．if she had enough sleep last night
C．when did she get up this morning D．why she was so tired
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——艾米在英语课上看起来很困。我不知道她昨晚睡得够不够。——当然不够。她一定熬夜学习了。考查宾语从句。when she went to sleep last night她昨晚什么时候睡觉；if she had enough sleep last night 她昨晚是否有足够的睡眠；when did she get up this morning她今天早上什么时候起床的；why she was so tired她为什么这么累。空格处是从句作宾语，宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，C是疑问句语序，排除；根据回答“Of course not. She must have stayed up late to study.”可知想知道睡眠是否充足，故选B。
9．—Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. Only ten minutes’ walk.
A．how soon he will be back B．how long have you been here
C．how far it is from the park
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我它离公园有多远吗？——当然可以。步行只需十分钟。
考查宾语从句。how soon多久以后，how long多长时间，how far多远距离。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，B项是疑问句语序，可排除。根据答语“Only ten minutes’ walk”，可知问的是距离，故选C。
10．—This article is too hard to understand. I wonder ________.
—Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wang. He reads a lot and is ready to help.
A．who I can ask for help B．who can I ask for help
C．how I can ask for help D．how can I ask for help
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这篇文章太难理解了。我不知道我能向谁求助。——也许你可以找王先生。他读书多，愿意帮忙。考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，空格上所填内容是宾语从句，宾语从句使用陈述语序，故可排除选项B和选项D；根据“Maybe you can turn to Mr. Wang. He reads a lot and is ready to help”可知， 空格所在句是在表达“向谁求助”，应用who，故选A。
11．—I’m not sure ___________.
—Hainan sounds like a good choice.
A．whether I should take a jacket B．what the weather is like in Hainan
C．how long it takes to fly to Hainan D．where I can spend my summer holiday
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我不确定我可以在哪里过暑假。——海南听起来是个不错的选择。
考查宾语从句。根据“I’m not sure ….”可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序；再根据“Hainan sounds like a good choice.”可知说的是地点，因此引导词用where，D选项符合题意，故选D。
12．— What did he say I couldn’t hear him. — _____________.
A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun.
C．He said the earth went round the sun. D．He says the earth went round the sun.
【答案】B
【详解】句意：--他说了什么？我不能听清。--他说地球绕着太阳转。分析：考查宾语从句的用法，从句要用陈述语序，当从句的内容为客观真理或者是事实的时候，要用一般现在时。他说的动作发生在过去，因此用said; 地球绕着太阳转，是客观真理，因此用一般现在时。故选 B。
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·青海）—Hi, Mary! I want to go to Qinghai Museum, but I am not sure ________ get there.
—Don’t worry. Let me tell you.
A．how could I B．how I can C．how can I D．how I did
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——嗨，玛丽！我想去青海博物馆，但我不知道怎么才能到那里。——别担心。我来告诉你。考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A、C项；在宾语从句中，原形动词get之前应是情态动词can，而不是did，故排除D。故选B。
2．（2021·江苏中考真题）—Any news about China’s space station Do you know ________
—At the end of 2022, I think.
A．when it will be in service B．where it will be sent up
C．when will it be in service D．where will it be sent up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——有关于中国空间站的消息吗？你知道它什么时候可以使用吗？——我想2022年底。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；根据回答“At the end of 2022, I think.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when引导，故选A。
3．（2021·山西中考真题）— China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
— They never gave up and fought to the last minute in the game.
A．how they won the game B．why they played the game C．where they played the game
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——4月13日，中国女足击败了韩国队。我想知道她们是如何获胜的。——她们永不放弃，奋战到最后一分钟。考查宾语从句。根据答语“They never gave up and fought to the last minute in the game”可知，从句是询问女足是如何获胜的，用how引导宾语从句，故选A。
4．（2021·江苏中考真题）—A celebration for the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC(中国共产党) will be held，and I’m wondering ________.
—Let’s have a discussion about it this afternoon.
A．how will we get there B．which clubs will take part
C．what we could do for it D．whether can we do something for it
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——庆祝中国共产党成立100周年，我想知道我们能做些什么。——今天下午我们来讨论一下。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/D选项；根据回答“Let’s have a discussion about it this afternoon.”可知，此处是说能做些什么，应用what引导，故选C。
5．（2021·湖北中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holidays
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A．where are you going B．where you go
C．where you are going D．where you went
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你假期要去哪里吗？——对不起，我不知道。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A选项；主句时态是现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合“for the coming holidays”可知，从句应用一般将来时，排除B/D选项，故选C。
6．（2021·广西中考真题）The doctor wanted to know ________ this morning.
A．what did you have B．what you had C．what you have
【答案】B
【详解】句意：医生想知道你今早吃了什么。考查宾语从句。know后缺少宾语，此处用宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；再由“wanted”可知主过从必过，排除C。故选B。
7．（2021·北京中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________
—Next Thursday morning.
A．when we visited the Capital Museum B．when did we visit the Capital Museum
C．when we will visit the Capital Museum D．when will we visit the Capital Museum
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—你能告诉我我们什么时候去参观首都博物馆吗？—下个星期四早上。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据答语“Next Thursday morning.”可知，对将来时间提问，故选C。
8．（2021·辽宁真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________
—Well, go along this street and turn right. It’s on the left.
A．how can I get to the bank B．where I can find a restaurant
C．when I can find a restaurant D．what can I do next
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道我在哪里可以找到餐馆吗？——噢，沿着这条街走，然后右转。它在左边。考查宾语从句。know后缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AD；再由“Well, go along this street and turn right. It’s on the left.”可知询问地点，用where引导宾语从句。故选B。
9．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市2021年中考英语试题）—Could you tell me
—You should be friendly, polite and helpful. A．how can I become a popular student
B．why I could become a popular student C．how I can become a popular student
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能成为一个受欢迎的学生吗？——你应该友好、礼貌、乐于助人。考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，此处用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；再由“You should be friendly, polite and helpful.”可知问如何成为受欢迎的人，用how引导宾语从句，排除B。故选C。
10．（2021·辽宁中考真题）—Daming, do you know ________
—The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A．how large Zhangjiajie is B．what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C．how large is Zhangjiajie D．what Zhangjiajie is famous for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——大明，你知道张家界以什么闻名吗？——以它高大岩石的奇怪形状而闻名。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B/C选项；结合回答“The strange shapes of its tall rocks.”可知，此处问的是以什么闻名，应用what引导，故选D。
二、完成句子
11．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）能否完成这项任务并不取决于你愿意花多少时间。
Whether you can finish this task ________ to spend on it.
12．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）我们非常憧憬未来是什么样子的。
We’re really expecting ________.
13．（2021·湖北黄石·中考真题）你知道他什么时候带我去参观他的工厂吗？
Do you know when _________ _________ _________ me _________ his factory
14．（2021·山东日照·中考真题）The boy _________ (承诺) he wouldn’t be late for school any more.
【答案】11 doesn’t depend on how much time you are willing
12 what the future will be like 13 he will show around 14 promised
11【详解】取决于depend on，后接宾语从句，根据中文提示，此处是否定句，应用助动词do/does构成，主语是Whether you can finish this task，助动词用does，否成是doesn’t，后接动词原形；多少时间how much time，是宾语从句的引导词；你愿意you are willing to；故填doesn’t depend on how much time you are willing。
12【详解】根据中英文对比，空格处应填意为“未来是什么样子的”的宾语从句。what will the future be like意为“未来是什么样子的”，为疑问句，时态为一般将来时，其陈述句语序为what the future will be like，符合宾语从句陈述句结构，故填what the future will be like。
13【详解】他he，作主语；带某人参观某地show sb around sp；根据语意，动作还未发生，用一般将来时will do结构。故填he；will；show；around。
14【详解】句意：这男孩保证他再也上学不迟到了。promise承诺，根据“wouldn’t”可知，此处满足“主过从必过”，动词用过去式，故填promised。
三、阅读单选（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）
Walking
If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you — walking. You may think that simply taking a walk is not enough to make a big difference. You may think that you need to do something like running to stay healthy. Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.
Running is a high-impact (高强度的) activity and can be hard on the body. So, many people cannot run. Walking seems to have all of the advantages and none of the disadvantages of running.
Dr Russell Pate is a professor of exercise science at the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina. He says, “Walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises a person can do. You do not need to learn a lot to get results.”
Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere. It fits easily into your daily schedule (日程表). You can walk at work. You can walk if you want to go shopping. You can take the stairs instead of the lift.
Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect. You can do a little at a time, or as we like to say, take baby steps.
15．The new study shows that ________.
A．running is better than walking B．walking is the best way of exercising
C．walking and running are not good enough D．walking is as good as running
16．Dr Russell Pate says walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises because ________.
A．walking is a high-impact activity and can be easy on the body
B．walking needs no skills
C．walking needs no special skills or equipment, and we can do it anywhere
D．walking has more advantages than running
17．What does the underlined word “equipment” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese
A．器材 B．食宿 C．机会 D．阶段
18．Which one is TRUE according to this passage
A．Walking is not good for a beginner. B．Walking seems to have all of the advantages of running.
C．You’d better drive when you want to go shopping.D．Walking does harm to all people after an illness or accident.
19．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell people that they shouldn’t walk more. B．To tell people that walking is a waste of time.
C．To tell people that they should walk more. D．To tell people that they don’t need to run any more.
【答案】
15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C
【分析】
本文介绍了散步的好处。散步能让人变得健康或保持健康，而且很健康，不需要特殊技能或设备，可以在任何地方进行。
15．【详解】细节理解题。根据“Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.”可知，一项新的研究表明散步和跑步一样好，故选D。
16．【详解】细节理解题。根据“Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere. It fits easily into your daily schedule.”可知， Russell Pate博士说散步是人们所能做的最简单、最安全的运动之一，这是因为散步不需要特殊技能或设备，我们可以在任何地方进行。故选C。
17．【详解】词义猜测题。根据“You can do it anywhere.”可知在任何地方都可以散步，不需要运动器材，“equipment”意为“器材”。故选A。
18．【详解】细节理解题。根据“Walking seems to have all of the advantages and none of the disadvantages of running.”可知走路似乎拥有跑步的所有优势，B项正确。故选B。
19．【详解】推理判断题。根据“If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you — walking.”可知，散步可以让人变得健康，能让人保持健康，作者写这篇文章是为了倡议人们多散步。故选C