2022年中考英语语法专练——动词语态（含答案）

中考英语语法专练——动词语态
【01 巩固练】
一、单项选择
1．A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year.
A．have sent B．will send C．are sent D．were sent
2．—I ________ to the party yesterday.
—How lucky you are!
A．was invited B．is invited C．has invited D．were invited
3．The doctor ________ for yet.
A．isn't sent B．hasn't been sent
C．won't be sent D．wasn't sent
4．In our school, more chances ________ to students to do things on their own.
A．offer B．are offered C．have offered D．will offer
5．Trees ________ on both sides of the road next year.
A．will plant B．will be planted C．are going to plant D．are planted
6．The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022.
A．held B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
7．Teenagers ________ allowed to drive.
A．should not be B．should be not C．not should be D．should
8．Much attention should ________ these details.
A．pay B．be paid C．pay to D．be paid to
9．The bookstore called Tai Man in Liu Yuan ________ for 12 hours a day. It________at 10:00 p.m..
A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is close D．is open; closes
10．I never doubt________this exhibition is worth________.
A．whether; to visit B．that; to visit C．that; visiting D．whether; being visited
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·广西中考真题）All customers ________ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.
A．is asked B．was asked C．are asked D．were asked
2．（2021·吉林中考真题）China Panda Train from Chengdu to Zunyi _________ to use on March 28, 202l.
A．is put B．was put C．will be put D．puts
3．（2021·江苏中考真题）—Good news! The Underground Line 1 in Nantong ________ to come into service soon.
—That’s great! Transport will become much easier for us.
A．will be expected B．is expected C．expects D．is expecting
4．（2021·黑龙江中考真题）Some new airports ________ in the west of our country. It will save our time to go there.
A．build B．will build C．will be built
5．（2020·湖北中考真题）—Do you need any help
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A．have offered B．have been offered C．were offered D．were offering
6．（2021·贵州）No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end.
A．solve B．be solved C．answer D．be answered
7．（2021·湖北中考真题）—How long may I ________ your magazine
—For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.
A．borrow; lend B．keep; be lent C．lend; be borrowed D．have; lend
8．（2019·四川中考真题）﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____，Cindy？
﹣In Beijing， the capital of China，the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics．
A．be taken place B．take place C．take part D．be taken part
9．（2021·天津中考真题）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved C．is loved D．will be loved
10．（2017·天津中考真题）Let’s wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
A．replace . B．Replaced C．will be replaced . D．were replaced
二、完成句子
11．(辽宁省丹东市2021)我们班的学生不允许玩网游。
The students in our class ________ online games.
12．(广东省广州市2021)这款机器人是由一位十岁的小学生发明的。
This robot _________ _________ by a ten-year-old pupil.
13．(湖北省荆州市2021)许多年前，不同的作家把这本书翻译成了不同的语言。(translate)
The book ______ different languages by different writers many years ago.
14．(辽宁省朝阳市2021)2022年北京将举办第24届冬奥会。
The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022.
15．(辽宁省盘锦市2021)不久之后, 我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。
A skating club ________ in our school soon.
16．(内蒙古自治区通辽市2021)据报道今年中国又有一颗卫星被送入轨道。
It is reported that another satellite has been ________ ________ orbit in China this year.
三、完型填空(山东省青岛市2021年中考英语试题)
Every year, thousands of young inventors show their ideas at NICEE. Some kids get invited to NICEE. The main goal of NICEE is to help kids know real problems and find ways to 17 them.
To support this 18 , many schools now have invention clubs. Kids in the clubs work together. They look 19 ways to make life better. They might invent something to make a job 20 or make people safer.
For example, Lucca wanted to help people 21 his grandmother. She had to wear a breathing mask(面罩) in the hospital. That made it hard for others to hear her 22 . So Lucca invented a new mask. It has a microphone. It 23 the person’s voice to a speaker(扬声器). Now users can talk with others.
Inventions can be simple. One winner, Maddox, made a new garden shovel (铁铲). The shovel has marks on 24 to help gardeners know how deep to dig their holes.
25 kids choose an idea, they have to build a model that works. They cannot spend more than $50. The invention must be something new. It also must fit inside a certain space.
NICEE shows the best inventions from the states. Young inventors get to meet one another. They see others, great ideas. Some of them win prizes. They can 26 learn about ways to sell their inventions.
17．A．answer B．solve C．develop D．create
18．A．way B．chance C．goal D．decision
19．A．for B．into C．up D．at
20．A．harder B．easier C．worse D．stronger
21．A．as B．with C．by D．like
22．A．sound B．noise C．voice D．sign
23．A．hears B．says C．discovers D．sends
24．A．it B．him C．its D．them
25．A．Before B．Although C．When D．While
26．A．instead B．never C．finally D．Even
解析及答案
【01 巩固练】
一、单项选择
1．A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year.
A．have sent B．will send C．are sent D．were sent
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每年，我们政府都会派大批工程师到非洲帮助那里的人民。考查时态语态。根据every year可知是一般现在时态，故排除ABD；此处be sent to“被送去”，主语engineers与谓语动词之间是被动关系。故选C。
2．—I ________ to the party yesterday.
—How lucky you are!
A．was invited B．is invited C．has invited D．were invited
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我昨天被邀请去参加派对。——你多么幸运呀！考查一般过去时被动语态。主语“I”与谓语动词“invite”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“yesterday”是一般过去时标志词，所以此空填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选A。
3．The doctor ________ for yet.
A．isn't sent B．hasn't been sent
C．won't be sent D．wasn't sent
【答案】B
【详解】句意：还没有派人去请医生。考查动词时态。根据“yet”，可知，此句应用现在完成时，主语“doctor”与动词“send”之间是被动关系，所以此空应填现在完成时被动语态has/have been done的结构，故选B。
4．In our school, more chances ________ to students to do things on their own.
A．offer B．are offered C．have offered D．will offer
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在我们学校，更多的机会提供给学生自己做事情。考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，机会是被提供的，所以句子主语“more chances”与动词“offer”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故本句为被动语态，四个选项中只有B选项是一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
5．Trees ________ on both sides of the road next year.
A．will plant B．will be planted C．are going to plant D．are planted
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：明年将在路的两边种上树。考查一般将来时的被动语态。A选项为一般将来时；B选项为一般将来时的被动语态；C选项为一般将来时；D选项为一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语“ next year（明年）”可知，该句应用一般将来时；又因为主语“Trees”和谓语动词“plant”是被动关系，所以该句应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
6．The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022.
A．held B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
【答案】D
【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会将于2022年在北京和张家口举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语The 24th Winter Olympic Games和谓语hold是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用被动语态；又根据“in 2022.”可知是将来时，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是will be done。故选D。
7．Teenagers ________ allowed to drive.
A．should not be B．should be not C．not should be D．should
【答案】A
【详解】句意：青少年不应该被允许驾驶车辆。考查情态动词的被动语态和否定句。根据语境可知，此题为否定句。“Teenagers”和“allowed”是被动关系，用被动语态。又因为含有情态动词，则应该用情态动词的被动语态，结构为should be done。否定形式为should not be done。故选A。
8．Much attention should ________ these details.
A．pay B．be paid C．pay to D．be paid to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这些细节要多加注意。考查动词短语和被动语态。pay attention to“注意”，而句子主语“Much attention”与动词“pay”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前是情态动词should，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，结构是“情态动词 be+过去分词”，而短语中介词to不能丢，故选D。
9．The bookstore called Tai Man in Liu Yuan ________ for 12 hours a day. It________at 10:00 p.m..
A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is close D．is open; closes
【答案】D
【详解】句意：刘元的太满书店一天营业12个小时，它晚上10点关门。考查形容词和动词的用法。open作形容词时，表示开放的，营业的，作不及物动词时表示公开，作及物动词时表示打开；close关闭，是及物动词。根据“The bookstore called Tai Man in Liu Yuan…for 12 hours a day.”可知，指这个书店一天营业12小时，所以第一空的open是形容词，前面要用系动词修饰，故排除AB；根据“at 10:00 p.m.”可知，指这个书店晚上10点关门，当动词close指主语某种属性时，用主动形式表示被动意义，故位谓语动词用三单形式。故选D。
10．I never doubt________this exhibition is worth________.
A．whether; to visit B．that; to visit C．that; visiting D．whether; being visited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我从来没有怀疑这个展览是值得参观的。考查宾语从句及固定搭配。doubt怀疑，用于肯定句经常加whether引导的从句；doubt用于否定句经常加that引导的从句。never doubt意为“从不怀疑”其后加that引导的宾语从句；be worth doing ……值得做；故选C。
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·广西中考真题）All customers ________ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.
A．is asked B．was asked C．are asked D．were asked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：所有顾客进入超市时都被要求量体温。考查一般现在时被动语态。主语all customers与动词ask之间是被动关系，且根据“enter”可知，句子用一般现在时，故此处应填一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，故选C。
2．（2021·吉林中考真题）China Panda Train from Chengdu to Zunyi _________ to use on March 28, 202l.
A．is put B．was put C．will be put D．puts
【答案】B
【详解】句意：从成都到遵义的中国熊猫专列于2021年3月28日投入使用。考一般过去时被动语态。主语China Panda Train与动词put之间是被动关系，且“March 28, 2021”是一般过去时的标志词，故此空应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故B。
3．（2021·江苏中考真题）—Good news! The Underground Line 1 in Nantong ________ to come into service soon.
—That’s great! Transport will become much easier for us.
A．will be expected B．is expected C．expects D．is expecting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——好消息！南通地铁一号线预计很快就会投入使用。——太棒了！对我们来说，交通将变得容易得多。考查被动语态和时态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除C/D选项；此处应用一般现在时表示将来，故选B。
4．（2021·黑龙江中考真题）Some new airports ________ in the west of our country. It will save our time to go there.
A．build B．will build C．will be built
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我国西部将修建一些新机场。 去那里会节省我们的时间。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“It will save”可知此处讲述的是将来的动作，主语airports与动词build之间是被动关系，表示“将被建”用will be built。故选C。
5．（2020·湖北中考真题）—Do you need any help
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A．have offered B．have been offered C．were offered D．were offering
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你需要帮助吗？——不，谢谢。自去年以来，我们得到了许多支持。考查现在完成时的被动语态。offer提供。have offered现在完成时；have been offered现在完成时的被动语态；were offered一般过去时的被动语态；were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动词offer之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态，结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offered。故选B。
6．（2021·贵州）No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end.
A．solve B．be solved C．answer D．be answered
【答案】B
【详解】句意为：无论我们将遇到多少困难，我相信最终所有的问题都会得到解决。考查被动语态和动词辨析。solve解决；answer回答；根据句意可知，此处指的是问题会解决，句子主语problems与动词solve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，此处是情态动词的被动，结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”，故选B。
7．（2021·湖北中考真题）—How long may I ________ your magazine
—For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.
A．borrow; lend B．keep; be lent C．lend; be borrowed D．have; lend
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我能借你的字典多长时间？——一周。但是你不能把它借给其他人。考查动词辨析。borrow借，是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间搭配使用；keep保存，保持，是延续性动词；lend借给，瞬间性动词；have拥有。根据第一句话中How long可知，表示一段时间，要与延续性动词一起连用，排除AC。主语it是动作lend的承受者，用被动语态，故选B。
8．（2019·四川中考真题）﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____，Cindy？
﹣In Beijing， the capital of China，the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics．
A．be taken place B．take place C．take part D．be taken part
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——2022年冬季奥运会将在哪里举行,辛迪 ——北京，中国的首都，第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。考查动词语态辨析。take part in参加；take place举行/发生，没有被动语态。根据句意语境，可知take place符合句意，需用主动形式表被动意义，故选B。
9．（2021·天津中考真题）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved C．is loved D．will be loved
【答案】C
【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天，他受到了各年龄段人们的喜爱。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语he与动词love之间是被动关系，根据“today”可知，此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。
10．（2017·天津中考真题）Let’s wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
A．replace . B．Replaced C．will be replaced . D．were replaced
【答案】C
【解析】句意：让咱们等着看看在未来书是否被因特网所取代。考查动词的被动语态。A. replace 一般现在时；B. replaced 一般过去式；C. will be replaced 一般将来时的被动语态；D. were replaced过去式的被动语态。根据句中的in the future，该题是一般将来时；其次books与replace之间是被动关系，因此本题是一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
二、完成句子
11．(辽宁省丹东市2021)我们班的学生不允许玩网游。
The students in our class ________ online games.
12．(广东省广州市2021)这款机器人是由一位十岁的小学生发明的。
This robot _________ _________ by a ten-year-old pupil.
13．(湖北省荆州市2021)许多年前，不同的作家把这本书翻译成了不同的语言。(translate)
The book ______ different languages by different writers many years ago.
14．(辽宁省朝阳市2021)2022年北京将举办第24届冬奥会。
The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022.
15．(辽宁省盘锦市2021)不久之后, 我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。
A skating club ________ in our school soon.
16．(内蒙古自治区通辽市2021)据报道今年中国又有一颗卫星被送入轨道。
It is reported that another satellite has been ________ ________ orbit in China this year.
【答案】11 aren’t allowed to play 12 was invented 13 was translated into
14 will be held 15 will be set up/will be established/will be founded 16 sent into
11【详解】此处缺的是“不允许玩”，allow“允许”，是动词，此处是allow sb to do sth的结构，句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，play“玩”，故填aren’t allowed to play。
12【详解】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填意为“被发明”的短语。be invented by意为“被……发明”，根据语境可知，此处所指动作已经发生过了，且主语为robot，故be动词应用was。故填was；invented。
13【详解】根据句中“by different writers”及中文句意可知，空格处应填入意为“被翻译成”的短语。be translated into意为“被翻译成……”，且根据“many years ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语为book，be动词应用was。故填was translated into。
14【详解】hold“举办”；主语“The 24th Winter Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，且时间状语in 2022是一般将来时标志词，此空应填一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故填will be held。
15【详解】建立：set up或establish或found，主语“a skating club”与动词之间是被动关系，且根据“soon”可知，此处要用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故填will be set up/ established/ founded。
16【详解】send into“发送到……”，结合语境及“has been”可知，此处是现在完成时的被动结构，动词应用过去分词，故填sent into。
三、完型填空(山东省青岛市2021年中考英语试题)
Every year, thousands of young inventors show their ideas at NICEE. Some kids get invited to NICEE. The main goal of NICEE is to help kids know real problems and find ways to 17 them.
To support this 18 , many schools now have invention clubs. Kids in the clubs work together. They look 19 ways to make life better. They might invent something to make a job 20 or make people safer.
For example, Lucca wanted to help people 21 his grandmother. She had to wear a breathing mask(面罩) in the hospital. That made it hard for others to hear her 22 . So Lucca invented a new mask. It has a microphone. It 23 the person’s voice to a speaker(扬声器). Now users can talk with others.
Inventions can be simple. One winner, Maddox, made a new garden shovel (铁铲). The shovel has marks on 24 to help gardeners know how deep to dig their holes.
25 kids choose an idea, they have to build a model that works. They cannot spend more than $50. The invention must be something new. It also must fit inside a certain space.
NICEE shows the best inventions from the states. Young inventors get to meet one another. They see others, great ideas. Some of them win prizes. They can 26 learn about ways to sell their inventions.
17．A．answer B．solve C．develop D．create
18．A．way B．chance C．goal D．decision
19．A．for B．into C．up D．at
20．A．harder B．easier C．worse D．stronger
21．A．as B．with C．by D．like
22．A．sound B．noise C．voice D．sign
23．A．hears B．says C．discovers D．sends
24．A．it B．him C．its D．them
25．A．Before B．Although C．When D．While
26．A．instead B．never C．finally D．even
【答案】
17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍了发明创业博览会相关内容。
17．【详解】句意：发明创业博览会的主要目标是帮助孩子了解真正的问题，并找到解决问题的方法。answer回答；solve解决；develop发展；create创造。根据“help kids know real problems”和“find ways”可知，是找到方法去解决问题，因此solve符合句意。故选B。
18．【详解】句意：为了支持这一目标，许多学校现在都有发明俱乐部。way方法；chance机会；goal目标；decision决定。根据“support”和“The main goal of NICEE is to help kids know real problems...”可知，是支持这个目标，因此goal符合句意。故选C。
19．【详解】句意：他们寻找使生活更美好的方法。look for寻找；look into调查；look up向上看；look at看着。根据“ways to make life better”可知，是寻找使生活更美好的方法；再者根据固定搭配“寻找：look for”可知，for符合句意。故选A。
20．【详解】句意：他们可能会发明一些东西让工作更容易，或者让人们更安全。harder更难的；easier更简单的；worse更糟糕的；stronger更强壮的。根据“make people safer”可知，是让工作更容易，因此easier符合句意。故选B。
21．【详解】句意：例如，卢卡想帮助像他祖母一样的人。as正如；with和；by通过；like像。根据“She had to wear a breathing mask(面罩) in the hospital.”可知，是想帮助像他祖母一样的人，因此like符合句意。故选D。
22．【详解】句意：这让别人很难听到她的声音。sound声音；noise噪音；voice嗓音；sign标志。根据“hear”和“the person’s voice to a speaker(扬声器)”可知，是很难听到她的声音，因此voice符合句意。故选C。
23．【详解】句意：它把人的声音发送给扬声器。hears听到；says说；discovers发现；sends发送。根据“voice to a speaker”可知，是把声音发送到扬声器，因此sends符合句意。故选D。
24．【详解】句意：铲子上有记号，可以帮助园丁知道挖洞要挖多深。it它；him他；its它的；them他们。根据“The shovel”可知，是铲子上有记号，因此it符合句意。故选A。
25．【详解】句意：当孩子们选择一个想法时，他们必须建立一个可行的模型。Before在……之前；Although尽管；When当……时；While当……时。根据“kids choose an idea”和“they have to build a model that works”可知，当孩子们选择一个想法时，而“choose”是短暂动词，因此when符合句意。故选C。
26．【详解】句意：他们甚至可以学习如何销售他们的发明。instead相反；never从不；finally最后；even甚至。根据“sell their inventions”可知，甚至可以学习如何销售他们的发明，因此even符合句意。故选D