UNIT 1 Growing up
回顾单元知识
一、核心单词
1．integrity n．正直诚实
2．virtue n. 美德
3．licence n. 执照
4．loan n. (银行等的)贷款
5．wage n. (按小时、日或周计算的)工资，薪金
6．tax n. 税
7．ambulance n. 救护车
8．mature adj. 成熟的，明白事理的
9．librarian n. 图书馆管理员
10．household adj. 家庭的
11．minimum adj. 最小的，最少的
12．routine n. 惯例，习惯
13．chew v. 咀嚼
14．consequence n. 后果
15．golf n. 高尔夫球运动
16．politics n. 政治
17．airline n. 航空公司
18．bond n. 纽带，关系
Ⅰ.用左栏单词的适当形式填空
1．Life is hard because the whole family has to live on his wage alone.
2．Tom lost his driving licence a year ago for drink driving.
3．The injured were rushed to hospital in an ambulance.
4．I think he is mature enough to be responsible for his own actions.
5．The librarian told her that she should return the book to the library in three days.
6．It is impossible for them to get the best products with the minimum cost.
7．Among his many virtues are honesty, courage and loyalty.
8．It will take me ten years to pay off the bank loan.
9．The airline announced that some flights were cancelled because of the storm.
二、拓展单词
1．adulthood n．成年→adult n．成年人
2．election n．选举→elect v．选举；推选；选择
3．legal adj.合法的→legally adv.法律上，合法地→illegal adj.不合法的
4．instantly adv.立即，马上→instant adj.立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的，方便的n.瞬间，片刻
5．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地，渐进地
6．selfish adj.自私的→selfless adj.无私的
7．approve v．赞成，同意→approval n．赞成，同意；批准，通过，认可→approving adj.赞成的；同意的→approved adj.经核准的，被认可的
8．steady adj.稳定的→steadily adv.稳定地；持续地；稳固地
9．tempt v．诱惑，引诱→temptation n．诱惑，引诱；诱惑物
10．commitment n．投入，花费→commit n．做出(错或非法的事)，犯(罪或错等)；自杀；承诺，保证；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
11．suitable adj.合适的→suit v．适合，适宜；(尤指服装、颜色等)相配，合身；满足(某人)需要 n．套装，西装
12．varied adj.各种各样的→vary v．变化，不同→variety n．种类；多样性→various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的
13．digestion n．消化(过程)→digest v．消化(食物)
14．evidence n．证据→evident adj.清楚的，显而易见的，显然的→evidently adv.明显地，显然地
15．memorable adj.难忘的→memory n．回忆，记忆；记忆力→memorize v．记住，记忆
16．conclusion n．结论→conclude v．断定，推断出，得出结论；(使)结束，终止
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It was the first time an unmanned car had driven legally (legal) on American streets.
2．China's image is improving steadily (steady), with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
3．A man should learn suitable (suit) ways to deal with life.
4．It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion (conclude) that she was innocent.
5．But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment (commit)．
6．It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approval (approve) they get online, often through “likes”．
7．For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source(来源) of temptation (tempt)．
8．Arts have a gradually (gradual) spreading effect.
9．But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly (instant) that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.
10．Her husband wants to make their honeymoon (蜜月) a memorable (memory) trip for her.
11．She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last year's election (elect)．
三、重点短语
1．in charge of 主管，负责
2．have a say 有发言权
3．behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车
4．take responsibility for 对……负责
5．a strong sense of social responsibility
一种强烈的社会责任感
6．for the first time 第一次
7．lay aside 把……搁置一边
8．devote oneself to 致力于，献身于
9．at a glance 一瞥，看一眼
10．close at hand 在附近，近在咫尺
Ⅲ.用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1．The final examination is close at hand so you'd better spend more time reading.
2．It is said that Tom will be in charge of the factory next week when the boss is on business.
3．After he realized the importance of learning, he began to devote himself to his studies.
4．All the people in China are masters of the country and have a say on the state affairs.
5．You must take responsibility for the accident to a certain extent, because you were not paying full attention.
四、经典句式
1．动词 ing形式作主语
In most countries, turning 18 (进入18岁) marks the start of adulthood.
2．be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.
But I think I'm already mature enough to understand (我已足够成熟能够明白)that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
3．as if引导状语从句或表语从句
I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed (仿佛我关上了)the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
4．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
They always need to have things explained (把事情解释一下)．
5．This/That is why ...句型
That is why (那就是为什么), at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.,Ⅳ.补全句子
1. My opening the door annoyed him.
我开门使他很烦恼。
2．I was lucky enough to catch the last bus last night.
昨天晚上我足够幸运，赶上了最后一班公交。
3．He looked at me in surprise, as if he had not known me before.
他吃惊地看着我，就好像以前不认识我似的。
4．I will have the room cleaned tomorrow.
我明天得让人把这个房间清理一下。
5．He stayed up late last night and that is why he got up late this morning.
他昨晚熬夜了，那就是为什么他今早起床晚的原因。
1．be born in ... 出生于……
2．family background 家庭背景
3．put one's heart into ... 全心投入于
4．establish good interpersonal relationships
建立良好的人际关系
5．trust each other 互相信任
6．lack of understanding 缺乏理解
7．a state of mind 心态
8．broaden our horizons 开阔我们的视野
9．have the opportunity to do sth. 有做某事的机会
10．ups and downs 起起落落
11．embrace this harsh truth 接受这个残酷的事实
12．take action 采取行动
13．blame your mistakes on others 把你的错误归咎于他人
14．have the right to vote 有投票的权利
15．make one's dream come true 梦想成真
16．apply the theory to practice 把理论运用于实践
17．academic record/achievement 学习成绩
18．study pressure 学习压力
19．make our school life colorful and meaningful
使我们的学校生活丰富多彩且有意义
20．have an ability to think independently 有独立思考的能力
21．prepare for the future 为未来做准备
22．narrow the generation gap between parents and children
缩小父母与子女间的代沟
23．take an active part in social practice 积极参与社会实践
24．build up one's confidence 增强某人的信心
25．spare no effort to improve yourself 不遗余力地提高你自己
26．make a difference to the world 改变这个世界
27．to fully realize your potential 为了充分发挥你的潜力
28．be of equal importance 同样重要
29．improve your communication and problem solving skills
提高你的沟通和解决问题的能力
30．develop into a well rounded individual 发展成为一个全面的人
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A鱼
单元自
与提升Writing a book review
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠解 [教材原文] [名师论道]
The Little Prince BOOK REVIEWThe Little Prince was written and illustrated by the French writer Antoine de Saint Exupéry during World War Ⅱ.It is a children's fantasy book, but it is also enjoyed by adults.It tells a story about a pilot who has crashed in the desert.While he is trying to fix his aeroplane, a little prince comes to him.Visiting from another planet, the little prince recounts his adventures to the pilot, and the two become friends.The book talks about the importance of looking beneath the surface of things to uncover their real meanings.I like it because it is simple, and yet it really made me think a lot about life and death, love and responsibility, friendship and loneliness.One of the most memorable characters in the book is a rose, which the little prince fell in love with.I was really touched by the line —“It's the time you spent on your rose that makes your rose so important.”— because it shows how we form special bonds with others by caring and taking responsibility for them.Personally, I think this is a touching book that everyone should read, whatever their age. [学语言]1.时态：一般现在时和一般过去时。2.人称：第一、三人称。3.亮点词汇①be written by ②tell a story about③come to sb ④responsibility⑤memorable ⑥character⑦fall in love with ⑧be touched by⑨personally ⑩touching4.高级句式①who引导的定语从句②现在分词短语Visiting from another planet作状语③I like it because ...④强调句型It's the time ... that ...⑤whatever引导的让步状语从句[学结构]本文为书评。分为四段：第一段：本书概要介绍(书名、作者、写作时间及书的类型等)；第二段：本书故事情节；第三段：对本书的评论；第四段：总结并推荐本书。
佳句背诵 1.The novel is set in the 19th century London.这部小说以19世纪的伦敦为背景。2．Published in 2010, the book is popular among teenagers.出版于2010年，这本书很受青少年欢迎。3．Robinson Crusoe is the work of the famous novelist Daniel Defoe, which is worth reading.《鲁滨逊漂流记》是著名小说家丹尼尔·笛福的作品，值得阅读。4．In fact, the fiction story is so meaningful that I can learn a lot from it.事实上，这本小说的故事描述很有意义，我可以从中学到很多东西。5．I think everyone should read it and get this wonderful experience.我想每个人都应该读一读这本书，并从中体会这种美妙的经历。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
《简·爱》是英国作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的一部著名小说。请根据下表提供的信息，写一篇书评。
书名 《简·爱》 作者 夏洛蒂·勃朗特 出版时间 1847年 地点 英国伦敦
情节 简·爱一直生活在一个艰难的环境中，却一直在为自己的理想生活而奋斗。她的父母在她很小的时候就去世了。她没有得到她一直期待的东西——仅仅是被视为一个普通人。痛苦教会了她独立。
评价 这个故事可以被看作是独立精神的象征。生活在改变，但我们的生活原则依然存在。坚定不移地坚持独立自主会给我们足够的信心和勇气。
参考词汇：《简·爱》Jane Eyre 夏洛蒂·勃朗特Charlotte Bronte 珍惜尊严cherish dignity
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 一仿结构布局合理
第一段：总体介绍这本书：书名、作者等；
第二段：简要介绍本书内容：主要人物、重要情节；
第三段：对本书的评价与启示。
Step 2 二仿语言规范美观
1．《简·爱》是英国作家夏洛特·勃朗特的一部著名小说。
Jane Eyre is a famous novel written by the English writer Charlotte Bronte.
2．这是一个关于一个特殊的女人的故事，她生活在一个艰难的环境却一直在为自己的理想生活而奋斗。
This is a story about a special woman, who lives in a difficult environment but has been fighting for her ideal life.
3．简·爱的父母在她很小的时候就去世了。
Jane Eyre's parents died when she was very young.
4．她没有得到她一直所期望的东西——仅仅被看做一个普通的人。
She didn't get what she had been expecting — simply being regarded as an ordinary person.
5．痛苦教会了她独立。
The sufferings taught her to be independent.
6．这个故事可以看作是独立精神的象征。
The story can be regarded as a symbol of the independent spirit.
Step 3 三仿句间过渡自然
用连词连接句3和句4
Jane Eyre's parents died when she was very young so she didn't get what she had been expecting — simply being regarded as an ordinary person.
Step 4 誊写
Jane Eyre is a famous novel written by the English writer Charlotte Bronte.It was published in London, England, in 1847.
This is a story about a special woman who lives in a difficult environment, but has been fighting for her ideal life.Jane Eyre's parents died when she was very young so she didn't get what she had been expecting — simply being regarded as an ordinary person.The sufferings taught her to be independent.
The story can be regarded as a symbol of the independent spirit.Life is changing, but our living principles remain.Firmly persisting in being independent gives us enough confidence and courage.
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A鱼Developing ideas
The Little Prince
Once when I was six years old I saw a magnificent① picture in a book, [1]called True Stories from Nature, about the primeval② forest.It was a picture of a boa constrictor③ in the act of④ swallowing⑤ an animal.Here is a copy of the drawing.
[1]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词a book。
In the book it said：“Boa constrictors swallow their prey⑥ whole, without chewing⑦ it.After that they are not able to move, and they sleep through the six months [2]that they need for digestion⑧.”
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the six months，that在从句中作宾语。
I pondered⑨ deeply, then, over the adventures of the jungle⑩.And after some work with a colored pencil I succeeded in making my first drawing.My Drawing Number One.It looked like this：
I showed my masterpiece to the grown ups ， and asked them [3]whether the drawing frightened them.
[3]whether引导宾语从句。
But they answered：“Frighten Why should anyone be frightened by a hat？”
My drawing was not a picture of a hat.It was a picture of a boa constrictor [4]digesting an elephant.But [5]since the grown ups were not able to understand it, I made another drawing：I drew the inside of the boa constrictor, [6]so that the grown ups could see it clearly.[7]They always need to have things explained.My Drawing Number Two looked like this：
[4]现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a boa constrictor。
[5]since引导原因状语从句。
[6]so that引导目的状语从句。
[7]本句中have things explained为“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中过去分词explained作宾语补足语。
The grown ups' response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, whether from the inside or the outside, and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar.[8]That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and my Drawing Number Two.Grown ups never understand anything by themselves ， and [9]it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.
[8]That is why ...意为“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句；what引导宾语从句。
[9]本句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to be always and forever explaining things to them作真正的主语。
So then I chose another profession， and learned to pilot airplanes.I have flown a little over all parts of the world; and it is true that geography has been very useful to me.At a glance I can distinguish China from Arizona.If one gets lost in the night, such knowledge is valuable.
In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people [10]who have been concerned with matters of consequence.I have lived a great deal among grown ups.I have seen them intimately， close at hand.And that hasn't much improved my opinion of them.
[10]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a great many people。
[11]Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clear sighted, I tried the experiment of showing him my Drawing Number One, which I have always kept. I would try to find out, so, if this was a person of true understanding.But, [12]whoever it was, he, or she, would always say：
“That is a hat.”
[11]本句为主从复合句。其中Whenever引导让步状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰代词them；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Drawing Number One。
[12]whoever引导让步状语从句。
Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictors, or primeval forests, or stars. I would bring myself down to his level.I would talk to him about bridge, and golf， and politics , and neckties.And the grown up would be greatly pleased to have met such a sensible man.
(Excerpt from The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint Exupéry),
①magnificent adj. 令人印象深刻的；宏伟的；壮丽的
②primeval adj. 原始的，远古的
primeval forest 原始森林
③boa constrictor 蟒蛇
④in the act of 正在做……
⑤swallow v. 吞下，咽下
⑥prey n. 猎物
⑦chew v. 咀嚼
⑧digestion n. 消化(过程)
⑨ponder v. 仔细考虑，深思
ponder over 仔细考虑
⑩jungle n. (热带)丛林，密林
masterpiece n. 杰作
grown up n. 大人，成人
frighten v. 使惊吓，使惊恐
digest v. 消化(食物)
lay aside 把……搁置一边
devote oneself to 致力于，献身于
arithmetic n. 算术
disheartened adj. 沮丧的，灰心的
by oneself 单独地， 独自地
tiresome adj. 烦人的，令人厌烦的
profession n. 职业，行业
pilot v. 驾驶(飞行器)；领航(船只)
at a glance 一瞥， 看一眼
distinguish v. 区分，辨别
distinguish ... from ...区分……和……
have an encounter with 遇到……，与……狭路相逢
consequence n. 后果
intimately adv. 亲密地，密切地
close at hand 在附近，近在咫尺
golf n. 高尔夫球运动
politics n. 政治
necktie n. 领带
sensible adj. 明智的，理智的
[参考译文]
小王子
我六岁的时候在一本书里看到了一张非常震撼的图。书的名字是《大自然的真实故事》，讲的是原始森林。那张图片上有一条蟒蛇正在吞掉一只动物。这是那张图的摹本：
书上写着：“蟒蛇把猎物整个吞下，完全不咀嚼。吞下以后，蟒蛇就动不了了。消化食物需要六个月，因此蟒蛇就睡六个月。”
那个时候，我深深地思考着原始丛林里的奇遇。我用一支彩色铅笔，成功画出了我的第一幅画作。我的“一号画作”是这样的：
我把我的杰作给大人看，问他们有没有被我的画吓到。
但他们回答说：“吓到？为什么有人会被一顶帽子吓到？”
我画的不是帽子，而是一条正在消化一头大象的蟒蛇。但由于大人们没有看懂，我又画了一幅：我画出了蟒蛇身体的内部，这样大人就能看清楚了。所有事情都非要你跟他们解释清楚他们才能懂。我的“二号画作”是这样的：
这次，大人的回答是建议我把不管是蟒蛇内部还是外部的画都放到一边，然后转而专心学习地理、历史、算术和语法。所以，六岁的时候，我放弃了可能会十分辉煌的画家职业道路。“一号画作”和“二号画作”的失败使我心灰意冷。大人从来没法自己弄懂任何事情，小孩永远要给他们解释是很辛苦的。
所以后来我选了另一个职业，我开始学习驾驶飞机。世界上每个地方我差不多都去过；地理对我确实很有用。我一眼就能分辨中国和亚利桑那州。如果晚上迷路了，这样的知识很有价值。
在生命历程中，我多次遇到过很多关心大事的人。我在大人之中生活了很久。我密切地观察过他们，近在咫尺地看过。然而我对他们的看法还是没有改观。
每一次我遇到一个看上去头脑完全清楚的大人，我都会给他看我一直带着的“一号画作”，想看看这个人是不是能真正地理解。但是，不论这个人是谁，他(她)总是会说：
“那是顶帽子。”
然后我就不再跟那个人聊任何有关蟒蛇、原始森林或是星星的事情了。我就会把自己降低到他的层次，跟他聊桥梁、高尔夫、政治、领带。而这个大人就会很高兴能遇到这样一个明智的人。
(节选自安托万·德·圣埃克苏佩里的《小王子》)
Step One：Pre reading
Have you ever read The Little Prince before What do you think you should know when reading a story？Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.
□The author.
□The main characters.
□The plot.
□The author's personal experience.
□Other people's comments on it.
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
Which of the following can best describe the meaning of the story
A．Improve yourself and become a better person.
B．Adults have no responsibility to understand the children.
C．Adults focus on practical matters only and seldom pay attention to imagination or creativity.
D．Children should communicate with adults more to understand them well.
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What do grown ups think the writer's Drawing Number One is about
A．An elephant. B．A cat.
C．A hat. D．A boa constrictor.
2．How did the writer feel after the failure of his Drawing Number Two
A．Disheartened. B．Encouraged.
C．Pleased. D．Frightened.
3．What profession did the writer choose when he grew up
A．A pilot. B．An engineer.
C．A doctor. D．An advisor.
4．What gave him help in his profession
A．His painting of a boa constrictor.
B．Geography knowledge.
C．The experiment of showing others his painting.
D．The bridge, golf, politics and neckties.
答案：1～4 CAAB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I saw a magnificent picture in a book,1.called (call) True Stories from Nature, about the primeval forest when I was at the age of 6.It was a picture of a boa constrictor in the act of 2.swallowing (swallow) an animal.So I began to draw my picture.
My Drawing Number One was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting 3.an elephant, but the grown ups believed it to be a hat.My Drawing Number Two was about the inside of the boa constrictor, so that the grown ups could see it 4.clearly (clear)．However, the grown ups advised me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors and devote myself instead 5.to other fields.That is 6.why I gave up painting when I was 6 years old.I think many people lack 7.imagination (imagine) and only care about matters of consequence.
Later, I 8.chose (choose) to work as a pilot.In the course of this life, whenever I met one grown up who seemed 9.to be (be) clear sighted, I showed my Drawing Number One to him.If the person thought that was a hat, I would never talk to him about boa constrictors, or primeval forests, or stars.I would bring myself down to his level.And the grown up would be greatly 10.pleased (please) to have met such a sensible man.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．join the golf club 加入高尔夫俱乐部
2．ponder over his words 仔细考虑他的话
3．chew food well 细嚼食物
4．the world's biggest airline 世界上最大的航空公司
5．a masterpiece of Chinese literature 中国文学的一部杰作
6．bury the prey beneath the ground 把猎物埋藏在地下
7．quit the tiresome job 辞去这份烦人的工作
8．distance himself from politics 使他自己置身于政治之外
9．a necessary consequence of progress 发展的必然结果
10．This kind of food is difficult to digest so it takes longer time of digestion.(digest)
11．It is evident that he has no evidence to prove his honesty.(evident)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．以t结尾的形容词变t为ce构成名词
①absent→absence ②confident→confidence
③evident→evidence ④important→importance
⑤silent→silence ⑥significant→significance
⑦patient→patience ⑧violent→violence
2．以line结尾的单词
①outline n. 轮廓；大纲
②underline v. 在词下画线；强调
③deadline n. 最后期限；截止期限
④guideline n. 指导方针；指导原则
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．It's normal for you to feel nervous when you give a speech for the first time (第一次)．
2．At the age of (在……岁时) five, he showed exceptional talent as a musician.
3．Let's lay aside (把……搁置一边) our differences and try to reach a compromise.
4．When I graduate, I will devote myself to (致力于) the cause of education.
5．She could tell at a glance (看一眼) that he was not happy.
6．Once they have made up their mind, they will never give up (放弃)．
7．We are close at hand (近在咫尺), but we can not see each other.
8．I caught him in the act of (正在) reading my private letters.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] He spent much of his life flying and writing about his adventures.
[句式分析] spend＋一段时间＋(in) doing sth. 花……时间做某事
[佳句仿写] She spends hours chatting with her friends on the telephone every day.
她每天花费数小时的时间在电话上与她的朋友聊天。
2．[教材原句] They always need to have things explained.
[句式分析] have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[佳句仿写] I'll have my hair cut this afternoon.
我今天下午要理发。
3．[教材原句] That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
[句式分析] This/That is why ... 这/那就是……的原因
[佳句仿写] He studies very hard.This is why he always gets high marks in exams.
他学习很努力。这就是他考试总是得高分的原因。
1．digest v．消化(食物)；理解，领悟，领会 n．文摘，摘要
(教材P8)It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.
它是一张正在消化一头大象的蟒蛇的图片。
(1)digest food 消化食物
digest the information 理解这个信息
(2)digestion n. 消化(过程)，消化能力
(经典佳句)Reading without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
阅读不思考犹如吃饭不消化。
[练透] 一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)
①You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.v.消化
②This chapter is so difficult to digest that I shall have to read it again later.v.领悟，理解
③A digest is a collection of pieces of writing.n.文摘
[写美] 完成句子
④Ever since her illness, she has a poor digestion.
自生病后，她的消化能力很弱。
2．lay aside 把……搁置一边；储存……以备后用；放下，抛开(情感或信仰)
(教材P9)The grown ups' response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, whether from the inside or the outside, and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar.
这次，大人的回答是建议我把不管是蟒蛇内部还是外部的画都放到一边，然后转而专心学习地理、历史、算术和语法。
lay down 放下，搁下；制定，颁布
lay on (尤指慷慨或盛情地)提供(食物、娱乐、服务等)
lay off 辞退，解雇，使下岗
lay out 铺开，展开；阐述，讲解；规划，设计(场地或建筑)
(经典佳句)Let's lay aside the minor differences for the sake of peace.
为了和平，让我们把一些小的分歧搁置一边。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Lay down your weapon and do as I say or I will kill you.
②Whenever their friends come, the couple always lay on the best food that they can offer.
③The factory has laid off some workers because of the drop in sales.
④All the judges listened carefully as Tom laid out his plan.
[写美] 完成句子
⑤Most Chinese people will lay aside money for a rainy day.
大多数中国人都会存钱以备不时之需。
[名师指津] lay的现在分词为laying，过去式和过去分词为laid。
3．consequence n．后果
(教材P9)In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been concerned with matters of consequence.
在生命历程中，我多次遇到过很多关心大事的人。
(1)as a consequence＝in consequence 因此，结果
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于……
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此；所以
(经典佳句)Be careful of what you say, for it will find its echo; be careful of what you do, for it will show its consequence.
慎尔言，将有和之；慎尔行，将有随之。
[练透] 单句语法填空/选词填空：as a consequence, as a consequence of
①They've increased the number of staff and consequently (consequent) the service is much better now.
②A severe flood struck the city and there was a consequent (consequence) shortage of food.
③As a consequence of his carelessness, he always makes some mistakes in the exams.
④He was always diligent in his study and as a consequence, he received high marks.
[写美] 一句多译
⑤昨天下雨了，结果比赛被取消了。
→It rained yesterday and in consequence, the match was cancelled.
→It rained yesterday and as a consequence, the match was cancelled.
4．evidence n．证据
(教材P10)Choose the author's attitude towards grown ups and find evidence to support your choice.
选择作者对成年人的态度，并找到证据来支持你的选择。
(1)evidence of/for sth. 某事/物的证据
There is evidence that ... 有证据证明……(that引导同位语从句)
(2)evident adj. 清楚的，显而易见的，显然的
It is evident that ... 显然……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地，显然地
(经典佳句)There is convincing evidence of a link between strong exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①At present we have no evidence of/for life on other planets.
②There is convincing evidence that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
③Evidently (evident), she had nothing to do with the whole affair.
[写美] 完成句子
④It is evident that in competitive society there are both losers and winners.
显然，在竞争激烈的社会中，输家和赢家并存。
5．conclusion n．结论
(教材P11)Conclusion and recommendation
结论与推荐
(1)in conclusion 总之；最后
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
(2)conclude v. (使)结束，终止；断定，推断，得出结论
conclude (...) with ... 以……结束(……)
conclude from sth. that ... 从某事中推断出……
to conclude 总之；最后
(经典佳句)I drew a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will, there is a way.
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I've come to the conclusion (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.
②He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
③The concert began with the national anthem and concluded with a piece of soft music.
[写美] 一句多译
④总之，中国愿同各国一道，共同建设和共享和平繁荣的美好未来。
→In conclusion, China is ready to work with all other countries to build and share a bright future of peace and prosperity.
→To conclude, China is ready to work with all other countries to build and share a bright future of peace and prosperity.
1．句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(教材P8)They always need to have things explained.
所有事情都非要你跟他们解释清楚他们才能慬。
(1)have sth. done 使某事完成；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；
让/叫别人做某事
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
(2)have sth. to do 有某事要做(主语自己做)
have sth. to be done 有某事要做(不是主语自己做)
(经典佳句)I had my wallet stolen on my way home last Monday.
上周一在我回家的路上，我的钱包被偷了。
[练透] 单句语法填空/根据汉语提示补全句子
①Mrs Smith had two of her bad teeth taken (take) out last week to relieve her pain.
②The teacher has us hand (hand) in our homework before 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
③You should go home quickly.Don't have your mother waiting (让你妈妈一直等着) all the time.
④I can't go with you, because I have a lot of homework to do (有很多家庭作业要做)．
⑤“Do you have any clothes to be washed (有衣服要洗)？” the servant asked her master.
[写美] 句型转换
⑥We must finish the work before the hurricane comes.
→We must have the work finished before the hurricane comes.(用“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构改写)
2．句型公式：That/This is why ... 句型
(教材P9)That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
所以，六岁的时候，我放弃了可能会十分辉煌的画家职业道路。
(1)That/This is/was why ... 这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)
(2)That/It is/was because ... 这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
(3)The reason why ... is/was that ... ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
(经典佳句)He stayed up late into the night yesterday.That is why he is very tired.
他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。那就是为什么他很疲惫的原因。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Jack was late for school.That is because he got up late this morning.
②The reason why she must stay at home is that she has to look after her sick mother.
[写美] 句型转换
③The earth looks blue from the space because 71 percent of its surface is covered with water.
→71 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water.That is why it looks blue from the space.
→The reason why the earth looks blue from the space is that 71 percent of its surface is covered with water.
PAGE
12(共60张PPT)
A鱼Using language
Grammar——将来进行时
一、语法图解
二、语法突破
1．将来进行时的构成
将来进行时由“shall/will be doing”构成，其否定式是在shall/will后加not，常与表示将来的时间状语(如soon, tomorrow, this evening, this time tomorrow, next year, in two days等)连用。shall多用于第一人称。
This time tomorrow they will be sitting in the cinema watching a film.
明天这个时候他们会坐在电影院里看电影。
I shall/will be flying to London in two days.
两天后我将在飞往伦敦的路上。
2．将来进行时的基本用法
(1)表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
Don't phone me between 8：00 am and 9：00 am tomorrow.We will be having classes then.
明天上午8点到9点之间不要给我打电话。我们那时正在上课。
I will be studying in America next year.
我明年将在美国学习。
(2)表示已经安排好要发生的动作。
We shall be meeting at the school gate at 6 o'clock this afternoon.
我们定于今天下午六点在学校门口见面。
Tom will be seeing his friend off at the airport tomorrow.
汤姆明天将到机场为他的朋友送行。
(3)表示预测可能会发生的事。
When I arrive home, my mother will probably be waiting for me for lunch.
当我到家时，我妈妈可能正在等我吃饭。
If we keep working hard like this, we will be making a miracle.
如果我们继续这样努力工作的话，我们会创造奇迹的。
(4)将来进行时用于疑问句、条件状语从句或I hope/think 等的宾语从句中，表示亲切或委婉的语气。
If you will be needing me for help, please let me know.
你如果需要我的帮助，请告诉我。
Will you be staying here long
你会长时间待在这儿吗？
[即时演练1] 单句语法填空
①By 10：00 am tomorrow my lecture will have ended and I will be meeting (meet) my guests in my office at that time.
②Don't phone me at 7：00 this evening.We will be having (have) dinner then.
③I will be taking (take) an exam at 2：30 tomorrow afternoon, so I can't go skating with you.
④Doctor Wang will be giving (give) another talk on this subject at the same time next week.
⑤Mr Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because he will be teaching (teach) a class then.
3．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别
(1)将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。而一般将来时表示将来要做的事、事先没有考虑而只是在说话时做出的临时的决定或表示事物的倾向性、规律性和习惯。
I will be reading a book at 10：00 tomorrow morning.
明天上午10点我(肯定)正在看书。(将来正在进行的动作)
It is a terribly heavy box.Don't worry, I will help you to carry it.
这是一个很重的箱子。别担心，让我来帮你搬。(临时决定)
Fish will die without water.
鱼没有水就会死。(事物的规律性)
(2)be going to do表示计划、打算和安排要发生或有种种迹象表明将要发生的事；而将来进行时表示主观上臆断和猜测要发生某事。
It will be snowing now in London.
现在伦敦可能下雪。(强调主观上臆断和猜测)
Tom is going to cut the grass tomorrow.
汤姆明天打算去割草。(计划、打算和安排)
[即时演练2] 单句语法填空
①—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon
—I'm sorry, but by then I will be flying (fly) to Beijing.How about five
②—What time is it
—I have no idea.But just a minute, I will check (check) it for you.
③She will be (be) twenty four years old next year.
④At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be (be) in her office and she will be writing (write) a report for the manager.
varied adj.各种各样的
(教材P6)But as life continues, we're presented with more varied experiences：starting university, getting a job and raising a family.
但是随着生活的继续，我们会有更多不同的经历：上大学、找工作，还有养家。
(1)vary v． 变化，改变；(大小、形状等)相异，不同
vary with 随……而变化
vary in 在……方面不同
vary from ... to ... 从……到……的变化
(2)various adj. 各种各样的，多姿多彩的
(3)variety n. 品种，种类
a variety of＝varieties of 种多样的
(经典佳句)It is essential that your diet is varied and balanced.
关键是你的饮食要多样化，并保持均衡。
[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Generally speaking, prices of fruit and vegetables vary with the season.
②Though Lucy and Lily are twins, they vary in height and character.
③Based on their personal experience, chefs make various/varied (vary) dishes.
④Wedding traditions and customs vary from one country to another.
各国的婚礼传统和习俗各不相同。
[写美] 一句多译
⑤我们种多种农作物，包括白菜、小麦和大麦。
→We grow a variety of crops, including cabbages, wheat and barley.
→We grow varieties of crops, including cabbages, wheat and barley.
[巧学助记] There is a variety of animals and plants in the world.They vary in shape and size and exist in varied parts of the world.But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.
世界上有各种各样的动植物。它们的形状和大小各不相同，存在于世界不同的地方。但由于种种原因，其中一些正在消亡。
[名师指津] varied和various都可以指同一范畴的不同种类，在表示 “各种各样的，各不相同的”意思时，一般可以换用。另外，various侧重于强调种类不同，varied侧重于强调多变的，变化的。
维度一 基础题型练
1．—Will you be available at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon
—No.I will be attending (attend) a lecture then.
2．I will be flying (fly) from Miami to New York to meet the other members of the group at this time tomorrow.
3．Paula says that she will be working (work) late every evening next month.
4．At 7 o'clock this evening we will be celebrating (celebrate) Tom's birthday.
5．When you reach the other end of the bridge, I will be waiting (wait) right there to show you the way.
6．I'm sure you will arrive (arrive) in time if you hurry.
7．—Look! The light is still on at noon.
—Sorry.I will turn (turn) it off.
8．In the year 3000, a lot of people will be living (live) on space stations.
9．When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing (write) the report.
10．He describes what houses will look (look) like in thirty years.
维度二 语法与写作
1．Don't worry; you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T shirt at that time.
别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫。
2．This time tomorrow I will be watching you play on TV.
明天这时候我将在电视上看你的比赛。
3．What will you be doing this time tomorrow
你明天这时正在做什么？
4．—I'd like to call you at 10 o'clock next Friday morning if it is convenient.
—I'm afraid I will be attending an important exam.
——如果方便的话，我想下周五上午10点给你打电话。
——恐怕那时我正在参加一次重要的考试。
5．They will be playing football in the morning next Saturday.
下周六早上他们正在踢足球呢。
6．Don't call him at this time tomorrow, because he will be having a talk with his teacher.
明天这个时候不要给他打电话，因为他将正在和他的老师谈话。
维度三 以情景对话的形式练习语法
— Tom.There 1.will be (be) a concert tomorrow night.It begins at 7 pm and lasts about two hours.Can you go with me
— Sorry, I 2.will be doing (do) my homework at 8 pm so I'm afraid I can't go with you.
— What a pity! What about going for a picnic on Sunday morning We can set off at 8 am.
— My uncle 3.will visit (visit) me on Sunday morning and I 4.will be talking (talk) with him at 8 am.
— OK.In that case, I 5.will go (go) with Mary.
PAGE
5(共21张PPT)
A鱼
构成
shall/ will be doing
表示将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在
将来进行时
进行的动作或存在的状态
基本用法
表示已经安排好要发生的动作
·表示预测可能会发生的事
●表示委婉的语气
将来进行时与一般将来时的区别Starting out & Understanding ideas
In the game of life, if it often seems like you're on the losing end of things, you're not alone.Life is filled with ups and downs.That's why I want to tell you the harsh (残酷的) truths in the process of growing up.
1．Life isn't fair.
Life will hand you lemons, often when you least expect it.The sooner you embrace this harsh truth, the better prepared you'll be to handle tough (艰难的) situations that are sure to arise.
2．The first step is always the hardest.
Let's face it：changing bad habits is tough.Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu once said, “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” So if you want to change something, start with baby steps.
3．Not everyone will support you along the way.
In life, there's no shortage of doubters, haters, and pessimists (悲观主义者)．Overcoming this harsh truth is simple：don't listen.Choose to stick with your guns, trust your instincts (本能), and forget about people who don't support your goals and passions.
4．You are the only thing holding yourself back from greatness.
Often we are so absorbed in hoping for the next great thing that we don't realize what's unfolding right in front of our faces.Don't hold yourself back with negative thoughts.Instead, focus on the positive things you have in your life.
[理解] Read the passage and answer the following questions.1．What do “lemons” in Paragraph 2 refer to Lemons refer to the tough situations in life. 2．What should you do when some people don't support you You should choose to stick with your guns, trust your instincts, and forget about people who don't support your goals and passions. [积累] 1．ups and downs 兴衰沉浮，起起落落， 曲折起伏2．embrace v. 欣然接受，乐意采纳3．shortage n. 缺乏4．hold back 阻碍，阻止5．be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心致志于
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
The Age of Majority
In most countries, [1]turning 18 marks① the start of adulthood②.But what does reaching this milestone③， the age of majority④， really mean Will you be completely in charge of⑤ your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways What new responsibilities⑥ will this freedom⑦ bring Here, three young people tell us [2]what turning 18 means, or meant, to them.
[1]动词 ing形式作主语。
[2]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。
Bethany 16, Victoria, Australia
I can't wait to⑧ be 18.One reason is [3]that although I've been working ever since⑨ leaving school, I won't be voting⑩ in the next general election .Why Because I still won't be old enough.Surely ， [4]if you're old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes ， you should be allowed to have a say on [5]how the government spends them! I've also been taking driving lessons, and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18.My mum worries about me being behind the wheel .As an ambulance driver, she's seen a lot of car accidents [6]involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21.But I think I'm already mature enough to understand [7]that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
[3]that引导表语从句，从句中含有although引导的让步状语从句。
[4]if引导条件状语从句。
[5]how引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
[6]现在分词短语involving teenagers作后置定语，修饰名词car accidents。
[7]that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，可以省略。
Lin Ning 19, Shanghai, China
I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university.I expected to feel instantly different, [8]as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.But it wasn't like that.When I woke up the next day， [9]there were still rules to obey and lessons to attend.In fact, the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager [10]I used to be, I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility.To give an example, I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow.This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents (although I knew they would approve)．Turning 18 also changed the way [11]that society viewed me.I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer.Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently don't have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have!
[8]as if引导状语从句，意为“好像，仿佛，似乎”，从句使用了虚拟语气。
[9]动词不定式短语 to obey和to attend作定语，分别修饰名词rules和lessons。
[10]I used to be为定语从句，修饰名词teenager，从句省略了关系代词that/which。
[11]that引导定语从句，修饰名词way。
①mark v. 标志，意味着
②adulthood n. 成年
③milestone n. 重大事件，里程碑
④the age of majority 法定成年年龄
⑤in charge of 掌管，负责
⑥responsibility n. 责任，义务
⑦freedom n. 自由
⑧can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
⑨ever since 自……以来
⑩vote v. 投票；选举
election n. 选举
general election 大选，普选
surely adv. 当然；无疑，必定
wage n. (按小时、日或周计算的)工资，薪金
tax n. 税
pay taxes 交税，纳税
have a say 有发言权
very adj. 恰好的，(特指人或事物)正是的
behind the wheel 在驾驶汽车
ambulance n. 救护车
involve v. 牵涉，涉及
legal adj. 合法的
driving licence 驾照，驾驶执照
mature adj. 成熟的，明白事理的
take responsibility for 对……负责
go to university 上大学
instantly adv. 立即，马上
childhood n. 童年，儿童时代
the next day 第二天
obey v. 服从；遵守
subtle adj. 难以察觉的；微妙的
gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的
selfish adj. 自私的
a strong sense of social responsibility 一种强烈的社会责任感
organ donation 器官捐献
approve v. 赞成，同意
view v. 看待
credit card 信用卡
currently adv. 目前
steady adj. 稳定的
tempt v. 诱惑，引诱
Morgan 20, Florida, the US
[12]People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more independent.I used to believe this, but the reality for me has been very different.I assumed I'd already have a well paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was! My librarian's salary means that I'll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, [13]I find it hard to save any money.I'll be starting a new job next month, however, so maybe things will get easier.I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of commitment， and [14]I do like my mom's cooking.I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age.
[12]本句中含有两个that引导的宾语从句。
[13]本句中it作形式宾语，不定式短语to save any money作真正的宾语。
[14]本句中do用来强调谓语动词like。
independent adj. 独立的；自主的
assume v. 假定；假设；认为
librarian n. 图书馆管理员
household adj. 家庭的
commute n. 每天上下班的路程
deposit n. 订金
pay the deposit on ... 支付……的订金
commitment n. 投入，花费
[参考译文]
成年
在大多数国家，进入18岁便意味着成年。但是到达成年这一里程碑到底意味着什么呢？你将完全主宰自己的生活吗？你能够用新奇的、激动人心的方式来表达自己吗？获得这种自由又会带来什么新的责任呢？接下来，有三位年轻人会为我们讲述年满18岁对他们意味着什么，或是曾经意味了什么。
贝萨妮16岁，澳大利亚 维多利亚州
我简直等不及想要到18岁了。其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。为什么？因为我依然不满18岁。当然，我认为如果一个人已经工作并且交税了，那他应该对政府在支配税收方面有一定的话语权。我也一直在学习驾驶，并且我会在18岁当天就去考驾照。妈妈十分担心我开车，作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过太多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为考驾照的法定年龄应该推迟到21岁。但是我觉得自己已经足够成熟，知道开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。
林宁19岁，中国 上海
上大学前我刚满18岁。我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。但是事实并非如此。第二天我醒来时，仍然有需要遵守的规则，需要参加的课程。事实上，这种变化比我想象的更微小，更平缓。相比自己之前那个自私的青少年角色，我已经开始更多地关注别人，并且去培养更强烈的社会责任感。比如说，明天这个时候我将会签署器官捐赠意向书。这对我来说是个重大的决定，做出这个决定我并未征求父母的意见(虽然我知道他们会同意的)。满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也改变了。有家银行给我打电话让我办理信用卡的时候，我非常惊讶。虽然我想在花钱方面更为自由，而且毫无疑问我将在未来的某个时间获得一张信用卡，但是我现在还没有稳定的收入，所以现在办理的话可能会让我透支！
摩根20岁，美国 佛罗里达州
人们都说18岁意味着翻开人生的新篇章，我们应该变得更独立。我曾经也这样认为，但是事实并非如此。我以为我一到18岁就有了一份薪水不错的工作，能搬进自己租的公寓，我是多么异想天开呀！作为一个图书馆管理员，我的工资只够我继续长时间和父母住在一起。因为我要分担家庭账单，而且我的通勤费用很高，所以我发现攒钱非常困难。不过下个月我会开始一份新工作，也许情况能有所好转。我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。我觉得要想负起一些责任，更多的是关乎态度，而不是年龄。
Step One：Pre reading
Do you expect to become an adult What do you think you can do when you become an adult
Yes, I do.When I become an adult, I think I can get a full time job, rent an apartment and get a driver's licence.
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
What is the passage mainly about
A．The age of majority varies in different countries.
B．Some views about the right to vote.
C．What the age of majority means.
D．Young people should be independent.
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Why can't Bethany wait to be 18
A．Because she is eager to work.
B．Because she wants to leave school.
C．Because she desires to get the vote and a driving licence.
D．Because she wants to have a say on how the government spends the taxes.
2．What age does Bethany's mother think the legal age for getting a driving licence should be
A．16. B．18.
C．20. D．21.
3．What does Lin Ning think being an adult means
A．It means he can go to university.
B．It means he can celebrate his birthday freely.
C．It means he needn't obey rules or attend lessons.
D．It means he should have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
4．Why will Morgan be living at home with his parents for a while longer
A．He has a well paid job.
B．He has to start a new job next month.
C．He is independent as expected.
D．He earns a low salary working as a librarian.
答案：1～4 CDDD
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In most countries, turning 18 1.marks (mark) the start of adulthood.In this passage, three young people tell us 2.what turning 18 means, or meant, to them.
16 year old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough 3.to vote (vote) in the election and have a say on how the government spends the taxes.Though Bethany's mum, an ambulance driver, worries about her 4.being (be) behind the wheel, Bethany thinks she can take 5.responsibility (responsible) for her life and the lives of other people.
Lin Ning, 19 year old from Shanghai in China, celebrated his 18th birthday just before he 6.went (go) to university.He expected to feel 7.instantly (instant) different, but it wasn't like that.In fact, the change has been more gradual and subtle than he imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be, he has begun to feel more aware 8.of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility.
Morgan, 20 year old from Florida in the US, used to believe he should become 9.more independent (independence) at the age of 18, but the reality for him has been very different.Because he contributes to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive, he finds 10.it hard to save any money.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．a driving licence 驾驶执照
2．repay a loan 偿还贷款
3．have legal rights 有合法的权利
4．several mature apple trees 几棵成熟的苹果树
5．profits after tax 税后利润
6．the traditional virtue of Chinese people 中华民族的传统美德
7．call an ambulance 打电话叫救护车
8．average wage 平均工资
9．a steady income 一份稳定的收入
10．require commitment of time and energy 需要时间和精力的投入
11．obey the rules 遵守规则
12．at a minimum cost 以最小的代价
13．I think this kind of accommodation suits you, because it offers an independent room and is more suitable for the long stay students.(suit)
14．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)
15．He won the election and was elected as President of the country.And he elected to operate a reform first.(elect)
16．Though my plan was not approved by the boss, I managed to earn the approval of many colleagues.(approve)
17．The instant the earthquake happened, all the people ran out of the building instantly.(instant)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．动词＋ion变名词
①attract→attraction ②instruct→instruction
③invent→invention ④discuss→discussion
⑤express→expression
2．动词去掉e加al变名词
①survive→survival ②arrive→arrival
③propose→proposal ④refuse→refusal
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．I'm looking for the person who is in charge of (掌管) the company.
2．We have a say (有发言权) in the decision to sell the company.
3．To our great shock, it was a little boy who was behind the wheel (在驾驶汽车)．
4．Organ donation (器官捐献) can save many patients from dying while they wait for transplants.
5．Each of us must take responsibility for (对……负责) our own actions.
6．The students in my class are all trying their best to study hard to go to university (上大学)．
7．As an adult, you should have a strong sense of social responsibility (一种强烈的社会责任感)．
8．I believe that each of us can contribute to (对……做出贡献) the future of the world.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] In most countries, turning 18 marks the start of adulthood.
[句式分析] 动词 ing形式作主语
[佳句仿写] Watching films is my favourite pastime.
看电影是我最喜欢的消遣。
2.[教材原句] But I think I'm already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people.
[句式分析] be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.
[佳句仿写] Our plans need to be flexible enough to meet the needs of everyone.
我们的计划需要足够灵活，以满足每个人的需要。
3．[教材原句] I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
[句式分析] as if引导状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反
[佳句仿写] She stood at the door as if she had turned to a sculpture.
我在门旁站着，好像变成了一尊雕塑。
1．election n．选举
(教材P3)One reason is that although I've been working ever since leaving school, I won't be voting in the next general election.
其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。
(1)win/lose an election 当/落选，在选举中获胜/失败
vote in an election 在选举中投票
(2)elect v. 选举，推选；选择，决定
elect to do sth. 决定/选择做某事
elect sb. as/to be＋职位 选某人为……(职位前无冠词)
(经典佳句)In China, every citizen who has reached the age of eighteen has the right to vote and stand for election.
在中国，凡年满18岁的公民都有选举权和被选举权。
[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It's said that the election (elect) will be held two months behind schedule.
②Nowadays, increasing numbers of people elect to work (work) at home.
③Only the person who was born in the United States can be elected as/to be President.
只有出生于美国的人才可以被选为总统。
④It's impossible to tell who will win the next election.
很难断定谁会赢得下次选举。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤我的英语水平很好，所以我被选为英语老师的助理。
I have a good command of English, so I am elected as/to be an assistant to my English teacher.
2．legal adj.合法的
(教材P3)As an ambulance driver, she's seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21.
作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过太多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为考驾照的法定年龄应该推迟到21岁。
(1)It is legal (for sb.) to do sth. 某人做某事是合法的
(2)illegal adj. 违法的，犯法的
(3)legally adv. 合法地，在法律上
(经典佳句)For legal reasons, most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste.
由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止捐赠食物垃圾的规定。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①It's legal for employees to get (get) the salary that the boss has promised.
②The school is legally (legal) responsible for the children's safety.
[写美] 完成句子
③What she has done is perfectly/completely legal.
她的所作所为是完全合法的。
3．instantly adv.立即，马上
(教材P3)I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。
(1)instantly ... ＝the instant ... 一……就……
(2)instant adj. 立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的，方便的
n. 瞬间，片刻
in an instant 立即，马上
(经典佳句)Bank customers can access their checking accounts instantly through the electronic system.
银行客户可以通过电子系统立即查看自己的支票账户。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Fortunately, somebody called the fire department instantly (instant) when the fire broke out.
②The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man I was looking for.
③As soon as he got home, they forgot all their fears in an instant.
[写美] 一句多译
④一看见他，我就认出了他就是那个曾经帮助过我的警察。
→Instantly I saw him, I recognized that he was the policeman who had helped me before.
→The instant I saw him, I recognized that he was the policeman who had helped me before.
[名师指津] 表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句的还有：immediately/directly, as soon as，the moment/minute/second等。
4．approve v．赞成，同意；批准，通过(计划、要求等)
(教材P3)This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents (although I knew they would approve)．
这对我来说是个重大的决定，做出这个决定我并未征求父母的意见(虽然我知道他们会同意的)。
(1)approve sth. 批准/通过某事
approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 同意/赞成(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成，同意；批准，通过，认可
win/earn sb.'s approval 赢得某人的同意/赞许/认可
(3)approving adj. 赞成的，同意的，赞许的
approved adj. 经核准的，被认可的
(经典佳句)I don't approve of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
我不同意你说的话，但是我会誓死捍卫你说话的权利。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone
②I approve of your trying (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
③Without the approval (approve) of the government, no one can build houses on the farmland.
④His teacher nodded gladly and gave him an approving (approve) look.
⑤Only the approved (approve) products can be sold in the local market.
[写美] 完成句子
⑥Tom works very hard at school, hoping to win/earn his parents' approval.
汤姆在学校学习很努力，希望得到父母的认可。
5．suitable adj.合适的
(教材P4)Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons.
为这篇文章选择另一个合适的标题，并给出你的理由。
(1)be suitable for 适合……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2)suit v. 适合于(某人)；适宜；满足(某人)需要；
合(某人)心意
suit ... to ... 使……适合……
(3)suit n. 西装，套装
(经典佳句)She had no other dress suitable to wear for the party.
她没有其他适合在聚会上穿的裙子。
[练透] 一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空
①He was a big man in his forties, smartly dressed in a suit and tie.n.西装，套装
②The skirt is too long and the colour doesn't suit you.v.适合于
③The course is suitable for beginners and advanced students.
④A good teacher should suit his lessons to the age of his students.
[写美] 完成句子
⑤This piece is suitable to be played at the wedding.
这个曲子适合婚礼上演奏。
1．句型公式：动词 ing形式作主语
(教材P2)In most countries, turning 18 marks the start of adulthood.
在大多数国家，进入18岁便意味着成年。
(1)动词 ing形式作主语往往表示一般的或习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数形式；
(2)动词 ing形式作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构：
It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing sth.做某事是无用的/没有用的/没有好处的/浪费时间的；
(3)动词 ing形式作主语时可以有自己的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构。
(经典佳句)It's no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①His coming (come) surprised all the people present.
②Learning English well is (be) challenging for him as he is an average student.
③It is no good telling (tell) your trouble to a man like him.
[写美] 完成句子
④Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
忙碌一天之后，听音乐使我感到很放松。
2．句型公式：as if引导状语从句或表语从句
(教材P3)I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。
as if(＝as though)意为“似乎，好像”，常引导表语从句或状语从句。
(1)如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生，句子要用陈述语气。
(2)如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
①表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(从句中be动词常用were)；
②表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；
③表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
(3)当as if/though引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语和系动词可省略，后面直接跟名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式或分词。
(经典佳句)Live as if your were to die tomorrow.Learn as if you were to live forever.
—Gandhi
像知道你明天就要死一样地生活，像你将永远活着一样地学习。——甘地
[练透] 单句语法填空
①She treated her adopted son as if he were (be) her own child.
②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done (do) it
③He stared at me as if seeing (see) me for the first time.
④The student raised his hand as if to ask (ask) a question.
[写美] 完成句子
⑤She looked as if nothing had happened to her.
她看起来好像什么事都没发生过似的。
PAGE
14(共71张PPT)
单元知抢先知
素养目标
(主题语境:人与自我——认识自我,丰富自我,完善自我
文化意
反思自己的成长
必记单词
历程,理解成长的意
义,学会自我激励与 integrity commitment
积极生活,树立正确
Ⅵ irtue
suitable
的人生观与价值观。
licence
minmum
思维品质
重点短语
loan
ⅴ anec
理解成长的意义
与责任,树立坚定的
election
routine in charge of
经典句型
人生目标,形成积极wage
chew
have a say
的生活态度。
tax
digestion
1.动词-ing形式作
behind the wheel
学习能力
ambulance
digest
主语
恰当运用各种学
legal
consequence
take responsibility for2.be+形容词+ enough
习策略,在自主、合
作与探究式学习的过 mature
golf give up
tto do sth
核心语法
程中,监控、评价、反 instantly
politics for the first time
3.asi引导状语从句
思和调整自己的学习
或表语从句
将来进行时
gradual
evidence
内容和进程,提高分
lay aside
4have+宾语+宾语补
析和解决问题的能力 approv
airiine
devote oneself to
足语
话题写作
及理解和表达能力。
librarian
bond
5. This/that is
语言能力匚心
household conclusion at a glance
写一篇书评
why..句型
单元话
题导入
A鱼
