【课后练习】Unit 2 Improving yourself Period 3（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Improving yourself
Period 3
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．The main duty of the fire prevention professionals is to check and maintain fire prevention (equip).
2．It's hard to give a(n) (object) opinion about your own children.
3．(2018·江苏卷) Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong (invest).
4．Last year the price of daily (necessary) went up by 15 percent.
5．My father has a habit of reading the (headline) of newspapers over breakfast.
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．Now (come) your turn to donate your money to the animal charity.
2．Every classroom in this modern school is equipped a new computer.
3．This produced a chain reaction，which made possible for life to develop.
4．You ought to have put some amount of money for a rainy day.
5．Our company is control of six factories throughout China.
6．When you look at their new system, ours seems very old?fashioned contrast.
7．There (be) a variety of goods in the supermarket.
8．You will find this map great value in helping you to get around Beijing.
9．Her bike required (repaire).
10．Whether he goes abroad stays at home, his parents will support him.
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．于是，他拿出数百万元帮助其他人进行农业研究。
He therefore gives millions of yuan to in agriculture.
2．他把收音机的音量调高了，因此每个人都能听到那首歌。
He turned up the radio, .
3．我们国家各地风俗习惯迥然不同。
Our country ．
4．His boss made the man work twelve hours a day constantly.
→ twelve hours a day constantly by his boss. (改为被动语态)
5．一位白发苍苍的老教授站在这座雕塑的前面。
①An old professor with white hair ．
② an old professor with white hair.
维度四　课文语法填空
It is different for young people to spend their money, but age isn't 1. barrier to making good use of money. “Kare Bags”， 2. _there were toothpaste, soap and socks, etc. 3. (be) made for the poor and homeless people by eight?year?old Khloe Thompson with the help of her grandmother.
Jerry Witkovsky used four jars to teach his grandchildren how to spend their money 4. (wise): one for Spending, one for Saving, one for Giving and a fourth jar for Investing. 5. (spend), save, invest or give their money is up to his grandchildren, from which they 6. (learn) lifelong values. The Spending jar means their 7. (responsible) for their own happiness because they are free to buy something they like. While both the Saving jar and the Investing jar can involve 8. (put) aside money for their university education or something special, the latter can also mean investing in theirselves. The value of the Giving jar is about helping out 9. _(other)，which reflects kindness.
All these jars intend to encourage teenagers to think about what to do 10._ their money and understand the value of the valuable.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Despite all of the motivational quotes that say getting out of comfort zone is essential for your happy life, it's still a struggle breaking from regular routine. Your comfort zone is a space for balance, and is neither good nor bad. It's simply a natural tendency we all have, and while leaving it can cause anxiety and stress, it's often for the best.
The benefits to leaving your comfort zone are many?sided, impacting not only your emotional health but also your work?life balance. For instance, your work productivity will increase because you'll no longer be stuck being content with tasks that are easy for you. Rather than pretending to be busy. You'll feel the impact of a deadline and make an effort to learn from new experiences. By breaking out of your comfort zone, you will be prepared to deal with new and unexpected changes in life. Brine Brown, a research professor at University of Houston, explains this phenomenon further, where “one of the worst things we can do is pretend that fear and uncertainty don't exist. By taking risks in a controlled fashion and challenging yourself to things you normally wouldn't do, you can experience some of that uncertainty in controlled, manageable environment. Learning to live outside your comfort zone when you choose to can prepare you for life changes that force you out of it.” You'll find a renewed sense of optimism, regarding obstacles (障碍), and brainstorm to use creativity to get yourself to your desired goal.
Getting out of your comfort zone is also a way to challenge yourself in a beneficial way, as long as you're aware of what your limitations are for just enough anxiety and stress. You can stretch your personal boundaries to do amazing things, like climbing Kilimanjaro or meeting new people. As you break out of your comfort zone, make sure you take time to recover mentally by coming back to your routine occasionally and you don't burn out. Soon, you'll find yourself making it a habit to leave your comfort zone to pursue greater, better things.
1．Why is it hard for people to break out of their comfort zone?
A．Regular routine tortures people with much repeated work.
B．People's emotional health is closely related to their comfort zone.
C．Breaking the space for balance makes people worried and pressured.
D．People seek for happy life without following some inspiring quotes.
2．What can we infer from Brine Brown's words?
A.People can equip themselves to cope with some unknown changes by challenging themselves.
B.People always pretend to be fearful before the uncertainty is completely solved in life.
C.People can maintain a balance between work and life through getting out of comfort zone.
D.People can learn to control the uncertainty in a new environment by being exposed to risks.
3．Which of the following ways is NOT suggested by the author to break out of the comfort zone?
A．Sometimes come back to your routine.
B．Form a habit to take some challenges.
C．Pay less attention to our anxiety and stress.
D．Expand our limits to do something challenging.
B
If you don't use it, you will lose it. At least, that's how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something which does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. Muscles, for example, will waste away without use. In order to resist this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.
Well, what about the brain? As we age, our brains can naturally begin to decline. In some cases, this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia(痴呆)，which I'm sure you will agree, no one wants. However, all is not lost because these days it's relatively easy to train your brain. Smart phones and apps have put programmers into our hands that can test, maintain and even improve our memories, mathematical skills and a lot of other mental abilities. With a little practice every day, we can keep our brains nice and sharp, right?
Well, no, actually. According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health, even though many people thought it was important to play online games, such as puzzles and mind games, which are designed to improve brain health, the evidence of the benefits was “weak to non?existent”．
There are other ways to promote the old grey matter. It recommends seeking out new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially_engaging，while leading to a healthy lifestyle. Among their suggestions are practicing tai chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering.
There's more good news, too. James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable (不可避免的). As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”， they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it's time to try that hobby you've always wanted to do. And as for me? I'm off to learn the piano.
4．From which is the passage probably taken?
A．A biology textbook. B．A healthy magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A research paper.
5．Which has the closest meaning to the underlined words “socially engaging”？
A．Making more shopping. B．Avoiding brain decline.
C．Doing exercises alone. D．Going out with friends.
6．Which of the following can better keep your brain healthy according to the author?
A．Trying something new.
B．Using smart phone regularly.
C．Playing games online.
D．Doing what you are good at.
7．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Advantages of trying something new.
B．Disadvantages of using smart phones.
C．Ways to keep our brain as sharp as possible.
D．How to spend time meaningfully at an old age.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Martin Folsom was well?known in his school this summer. However, he had a ___1__ start in life. Living on and off the streets for much of his youth, Martin experienced years of ___2__．Yet，he didn't stop his footsteps. This summer, Martin ___3__ high school in Florida with a high score, which made him ___4__ stand out of his class and enabled him to make a(n) ___5__ at the graduation ceremony.
Martin and his mother had nowhere to live after his father deserted them. As a result, they had to ___6__ a lot. More than two years, they lived in a number of ___7__ across five different states. But throughout these ___8__ years, Martin remained determined and never ___9__ his goals. He never missed school and was the highest?ranking student in 2020.
Martin also experienced life in and out of the classroom. He was the president of several programs and ___10__ the class monitor in the last four years. “He's such a special guy and ___11__ leader，” Principal Cathy Bures told the reporter. “He has a big heart for his classmates, ___12__ them that they're a promising generation.” ___13__ Martin's efforts and excellence, he has been admitted to Valdosta State University in Georgia with a full scholarship.
Martin's ___14__ to students is to make goals early and work hard towards them. He said, “You never know whether you'll make it, or what you can end up achieving. But you need to ___15__ big. And once you succeed, you will feel really fantastic.”
1．A.slow B．fresh
C．sound D．tough
2．A.hopelessness B．homelessness
C．fearlessness D．pricelessness
3．A.finished B．admired
C．attended D．remembered
4．A.frequently B．barely
C．impressively D．hardly
5．A.apology B．agreement
C．announcement D．speech
6．A.move B．work
C．exercise D．rest
7．A.apartments B．shelters
C．offices D．schools
8．A.available B．comfortable
C．miserable D．incredible
9．A.thought about B．complained about
C．look the place of D．gave up
10．A.served as B．cooperated with
C．turned to D．believed in
11．A.smart B．traditional
C．responsible D．stubborn
12．A.assuming B．encouraging
C．expecting D．requesting
13．A.As a result of B．Except for
C．In return for D．In terms of
14．A.attitude B．gratitude
C．devotion D．advice
15．A.talk B．smile
C．dream D．grow
参考答案与解析
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
Equipment
Objective
Investment
Necessities
Headlines
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
Comes
With
It
Aside
in
By
are
Of
repairing/to_be_repaired
Or
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
equip_others_for_their_research
so_that_everyone_could_hear_the_song
varies_widely_in_customs_from_one_area_to_another
The_man_was_made_to_work
①is_standing_in_front_of_the_statue②Standing_in_front_of_the_statue_is
维度四　课文语法填空
A
Where
Were
Wisely
To_spend
Learned
Responsibility
Putting
Others
With
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了打破常规，走出舒适区是一场斗争，会导致焦虑和压力，但走出舒适区后会有很多好处。
1.C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，打破平衡的空间让人焦虑和有压力，打破常规是一场斗争，这使得人们很难走出舒适区。故选C。
2.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中布琳·布朗说的话可推知，一个人可以通过可控的方式承担风险，挑战自己通常不会做的事情，用来武装自己，应对一些未知的变化。故选A。
3.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Getting out of your comfort zone is also a way to challenge yourself in a beneficial way, as long as you're aware of what your limitations are for just enough anxiety and stress.”可知，我们走出舒适区需要意识到自己的限制是什么，可以承受足够的焦虑和压力而不是不在意自己的焦虑和压力。故选C。
B
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类的大脑像肌肉一样，需要不断地使用，才能变得更灵活，从而降低患智力类疾病的风险。 现在，互联网上有各种宣称能帮助促进大脑功能的游戏，智力开发类游戏的效果实际不如我们预期的那样高。文章也说明了一些日常活动能帮助人们锻炼脑力。
4.B　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“If you don't use it, you will lose it...In order to resist this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.”和下文介绍的一些相关的保持大脑健康的知识可知，这篇文章的主题和健康有关，应该出自健康杂志。故选B。
5.D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Among their suggestions are practicing tai chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering.” 可猜测，画线词是指要参与社会活动，也就是和朋友一起出去(活动)。故选D。
6.A　解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，想要保持大脑健康就要尝试一些新的东西。故选A。
7.C　解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段给出的保持大脑敏捷的方法，以及文章的前几段的内容可知，文章是在向读者介绍如何保持大脑健康以及如何保持大脑敏捷。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被父亲遗弃的马丁·福尔松，青年时代大部分时间都在街头流浪，和母亲住过五个不同州的收容所，但正是在这样艰难的生活条件下，马丁凭借高分从高中毕业，从不放弃自己的目标，还被乔治亚州瓦尔多斯塔州立大学以全额奖学金录取的故事。马丁建议学生尽早设定目标，并为之努力，要有远大的梦想。
1.D　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的人生有一个艰难的开始。slow意为“缓慢的”，fresh意为“新鲜的”，sound意为“无损伤的”，tough意为“艰难的”。根据下文“Living on and off the streets for much of his youth”可知，马丁年少时居无定所，生活艰难。故选D。
2.B　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马丁青年时代的大部分时间都在街头流浪，经历了多年的无家可归。hopelessness意为“绝望”，homelessness意为“无家可归”，fearlessness意为“无畏”，pricelessness意为“无价”。根据上文“Living on and off the streets for much of his youth”可知，马丁大部分时间都在流浪，经历了多年的无家可归。故选B。
3.A　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年夏天，马丁在佛罗里达州以高分完成了高中学业，这使得他在班上脱颖而出，给人留下了深刻的印象，并能在毕业典礼上发表演讲。finish意为“结束、完成”，admire意为“钦佩”，attend意为“参加”，remember意为“记得”。根据后文at the graduation ceremony可知，马丁在今年夏天完成了高中学业。故选A。
4.C　解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。frequently意为“频繁地”，barely意为“仅仅”，impressively意为“令人难忘地”，hardly意为“几乎不”。根据后文stand out of his class以及上文提到的马丁在多年无家可归的情况下，还能取得高分读完高中，这令人印象深刻。故选C。
5.D　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。apology意为“道歉”，agreement意为“同意”，announcement意为“宣布”，speech意为“演讲”。根据“enabled him to make a(n)...at the graduation ceremony”可知，马丁高分完成了高中学业，所以得到了在毕业典礼上发表演讲的机会。故选D。
6.A　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们不得不经常搬家。move意为“搬家、行动”，work意为“工作”，exercise意为“锻炼”，rest意为“休息”。根据下文across five different states可知，他们经常搬家。故选A。
7.B　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两年多的时间里，他们住在五个不同州的一些收容所里。apartment意为“公寓”，shelter意为“收容所”，office意为“办公室”，school意为“学校”。根据上文“Living on and off the streets for much of his youth”可知，马丁和妈妈无家可归，流落街头，只能住收容所。故选B。
8.C　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在这些悲惨的岁月里，马丁始终意志坚定，从不放弃自己的目标。available意为“可获得的”，comfortable意为“舒服的”，miserable意为“悲惨的”，incredible意为“难以置信的”。根据常识，马丁和妈妈无家可归，只能住收容所，这样的日子是悲惨的。故选C。
9.D　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。think about意为“考虑”，complain about意为“抱怨”，take the place of意为“代替”，give up意为“放弃”。根据上文“Martin remained determined ”以及下文“He never missed school and was the highest?ranking student in 2020.”可知，马丁意志坚定，从未缺课，是2020年排名最高的学生，说明他从不放弃自己的目标。故选D。
10.A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是几个项目的主席，并在过去的四年担任班长。serve as意为“担任”，cooperate with意为“和……合作”，turn to意为“求助于”，believe in意为“相信”。根据后文the class monitor可知，此处指担任班长。故选A。
11.C　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：校长凯茜·贝尔斯对记者说，“他是一个非常特别的人，也是一个负责任的领导者。”smart意为“聪明的”，traditional意为“传统的”，responsible意为“负责的”，stubborn意为“固执的”。根据下文“He has a big heart for his classmates”以及上文马丁连续四年担任班长，可推知他是个负责任的领导者。故选C。
12.B　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对同学们有一颗宽宏大量的心，鼓励他们说他们是有前途的一代。assume意为“假设”，encourage意为“鼓励”，expect意为“期待”，request意为“要求”。根据下文“they're a promising generation”可知，马丁鼓励同学们，说他们是有前途的一代。故选B。
13.A　解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：由于马丁的努力和优秀，他被乔治亚州瓦尔多斯塔州立大学以全额奖学金录取。as a result of意为“由于”，except for意为“除了……之外”，in return for意为“作为……的报答”，in terms of意为“根据”。根据下文“Martin's efforts and excellence, he has been admitted to Valdosta State University in Georgia with a full scholarship”可知，马丁能够被乔治亚州瓦尔多斯塔州立大学以全额奖学金录取，是由于他的努力和优秀。故选A。
14.D　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马丁对学生的建议是尽早设定目标，并为之努力。attitude意为“态度”，gratitude意为“感激”，devotion意为“献身”，advice意为“建议”。根据下文“to students is to make goals early and work hard towards them”可知，尽早设定目标，并为之努力是马丁对学生的建议。故选D。
15.C　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但你得有远大的梦想。talk意为“谈话”，smile意为“微笑”，dream意为“梦想”，grow意为“成长”。根据上文讲述了生活艰难的马丁从不放弃自己的梦想，以优秀的成绩从高中毕业，并被大学录取可知，马丁认为学生应该有远大的梦想。dream big意为“远大梦想”。故选C。
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