Writing about a change
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Big Ben is located in the tower at the eastern end of the Houses of Parliament, Westminster, Greater London.It was designed by Edmund Beckett and Baron Grimthorpe.
The Big Ben is very famous throughout the world, but nobody really knows why it is called Big Ben.There are two hearsays about this.Some people say that it was named after Benjamin Caunt, a boxer, who was called Big Ben.More people believe it was called after Welshman, Sir Benjamin Hall.He was the commissioner (专员) of the work at the time of its installation in 1859.A story was told that during a debate in the Commons on what to call the bell, Sir Benjamin was about to give his ideas when a MP who sat behind the front bench shouted, “Let's call it Big Ben！” Then this name came into being.
The bell hasn't gone through a smooth road since the beginning of its design.Because there was great disagreement about the design of the clock.It took fifteen years to build.In 1857, the bell was completed and tested on the ground, but a four foot crack appeared and the bell had to be cast again.Finally, the clock started ticking on 31 May 1859, and struck its first chime (报时) on 11 July.Then in September, the bell cracked again.It was silent for four years but was eventually turned a quarter of a revolution (旋转)．In this way, the crack was not under the striking hammer.Craftsmen made a square above the crack to stop it growing longer and it can still be seen today.
The Big Ben is famous not only for its 13 ton weight, but also for its accuracy (准确性) which is a result of its precise mechanism (机械装置)．Even one extra penny's weight on the balance will cause a gain of two fifths of a second in twenty four hours.Although there have been several problems, the bell is still striking today.Its chimes can be heard all over the world on the BBC.
1．What can we know about the Big Ben
A．It is located in the Houses of Parliament.
B．It is the largest and tallest clock tower in the world.
C．It is well known all over the world.
D．It is the heaviest clock in the world.
2．What can we learn from the third paragraph
A．The bell worked well at its first test.
B．The construction of the clock was long but not smooth.
C．The clock started to strike chimes on 31 May 1859.
D．The crack finally disappeared after a quarter of a revolution.
3．Which of the following can best explain why Big Ben is world famous
A．Accurate and heavy.
B．Accurate and colorful.
C．Heavy and colorful.
D．Attractive and accurate.
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．Sir Benjamin Hall was a famous architect at that time.
B．Even the tiniest extra weight on the balance will affect the clock's accuracy.
C．The chimes of the clock could be heard all over the world.
D．The clock has been ticking ever since 31 May 1859.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Mr Wu is an English teacher.Last Monday at the beginning of class, he 1 asked his students how their weekends had been.One girl said that she had spent a 2 weekend — she had her wisdom teeth pulled out and they still hurt.“Why do you always seem to be so happy, Mr Wu？” she asked.
The girl's 3 reminded Mr Wu of something he had read somewhere before.“Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to spend that day，” Mr Wu said with a smile.“I 4 to be cheerful.”
“And today is my lucky day，” he added.
“ 5 ” The whole class were curious.
“This morning, I 6 to school as usual.I only had to go another kilometer down the road when my e bike broke down ...”
“Your e bike broke down and it's your lucky day？” The students were 7 .“What do you mean, Mr Wu？”
“My e bike broke down a quarter before class, so I 8 it on the roadside, took my books, and walked down the road.It took me ten minutes to arrive at the 9 .I live eight kilometers away.My e bike could have broken down 10 along the way.But it didn't. 11 ， it broke down in the perfect place — off the main road, within walking distance of here.I'm still able to teach my class 12 I'll be able to get it repaired after class.If my e bike must break down 13 ， it couldn't be arranged (安排) in a better way.”
The students' eyes opened wide, and then they smiled.Mr Wu smiled back.His story had 14 them.He was happy that they had a perfect chance to consider 15 in a new way.
1．A.proudly B．cheerfully
C．seriously D．angrily
2．A.busy B．satisfying
C．terrible D．meaningful
3．A.question B．suggestion
C．decision D．introduction
4．A.fail B．hate
C．seem D．choose
5．A.Who B．When
C．Why D．How
6．A.walked B．ran
C．drove D．rode
7．A.surprised B．bored
C．impatient D．nervous
8．A.left B．checked
C．repaired D．found
9．A.hospital B．school
C．park D．bank
10．A.somewhere B．anywhere
C．everywhere D．nowhere
11．A.However B．Also
C．Instead D．Otherwise
12．A.and B．but
C．so D．or
13．A.yesterday B．the other day
C．today D．tomorrow
14．A.hurt B．touched
C．controlled D．worried
15．A.dream B．purpose
C．wish D．luck
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend's.We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.
I sent him and his wife a thank you note with some cash for helping me.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery (电池) was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I entered the shop, and one of the salesman, who was white haired, came to me.
When I paid for it, they would not accept my money.
PAGE
6Writing about a change
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Big Ben is located in the tower at the eastern end of the Houses of Parliament, Westminster, Greater London.It was designed by Edmund Beckett and Baron Grimthorpe.
The Big Ben is very famous throughout the world, but nobody really knows why it is called Big Ben.There are two hearsays about this.Some people say that it was named after Benjamin Caunt, a boxer, who was called Big Ben.More people believe it was called after Welshman, Sir Benjamin Hall.He was the commissioner (专员) of the work at the time of its installation in 1859.A story was told that during a debate in the Commons on what to call the bell, Sir Benjamin was about to give his ideas when a MP who sat behind the front bench shouted, “Let's call it Big Ben！” Then this name came into being.
The bell hasn't gone through a smooth road since the beginning of its design.Because there was great disagreement about the design of the clock.It took fifteen years to build.In 1857, the bell was completed and tested on the ground, but a four foot crack appeared and the bell had to be cast again.Finally, the clock started ticking on 31 May 1859, and struck its first chime (报时) on 11 July.Then in September, the bell cracked again.It was silent for four years but was eventually turned a quarter of a revolution (旋转)．In this way, the crack was not under the striking hammer.Craftsmen made a square above the crack to stop it growing longer and it can still be seen today.
The Big Ben is famous not only for its 13 ton weight, but also for its accuracy (准确性) which is a result of its precise mechanism (机械装置)．Even one extra penny's weight on the balance will cause a gain of two fifths of a second in twenty four hours.Although there have been several problems, the bell is still striking today.Its chimes can be heard all over the world on the BBC.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大本钟的得名和设计建造过程。
1．What can we know about the Big Ben
A．It is located in the Houses of Parliament.
B．It is the largest and tallest clock tower in the world.
C．It is well known all over the world.
D．It is the heaviest clock in the world.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中The Big Ben is very famous throughout the world, but nobody really knows why it is called Big Ben.可知，大本钟世界闻名。故选C项。
2．What can we learn from the third paragraph
A．The bell worked well at its first test.
B．The construction of the clock was long but not smooth.
C．The clock started to strike chimes on 31 May 1859.
D．The crack finally disappeared after a quarter of a revolution.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中The bell hasn't gone through a smooth road since the beginning of its design.Because there was great disagreement about the design of the clock.It took fifteen years to build.可知，这个钟的建造时间很长而且不顺利。故选B项。
3．Which of the following can best explain why Big Ben is world famous
A．Accurate and heavy.
B．Accurate and colorful.
C．Heavy and colorful.
D．Attractive and accurate.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中The Big Ben is famous not only for its 13 ton weight, but also for its accuracy(准确性)which is a result of its precise mechanism (机械装置)．可知，大本钟闻名于世界是因为它的精确和重量。故选A项。
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．Sir Benjamin Hall was a famous architect at that time.
B．Even the tiniest extra weight on the balance will affect the clock's accuracy.
C．The chimes of the clock could be heard all over the world.
D．The clock has been ticking ever since 31 May 1859.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Even one extra penny's weight on the balance will cause a gain of two fifths of a second in twenty four hours.可推断出，哪怕是最微小的额外重量也会影响大本钟的精度。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Mr Wu is an English teacher.Last Monday at the beginning of class, he 1 asked his students how their weekends had been.One girl said that she had spent a 2 weekend — she had her wisdom teeth pulled out and they still hurt.“Why do you always seem to be so happy, Mr Wu？” she asked.
The girl's 3 reminded Mr Wu of something he had read somewhere before.“Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to spend that day，” Mr Wu said with a smile.“I 4 to be cheerful.”
“And today is my lucky day，” he added.
“ 5 ” The whole class were curious.
“This morning, I 6 to school as usual.I only had to go another kilometer down the road when my e bike broke down ...”
“Your e bike broke down and it's your lucky day？” The students were 7 .“What do you mean, Mr Wu？”
“My e bike broke down a quarter before class, so I 8 it on the roadside, took my books, and walked down the road.It took me ten minutes to arrive at the 9 .I live eight kilometers away.My e bike could have broken down 10 along the way.But it didn't. 11 ， it broke down in the perfect place — off the main road, within walking distance of here.I'm still able to teach my class 12 I'll be able to get it repaired after class.If my e bike must break down 13 ， it couldn't be arranged (安排) in a better way.”
The students' eyes opened wide, and then they smiled.Mr Wu smiled back.His story had 14 them.He was happy that they had a perfect chance to consider 15 in a new way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吴老师上班路上电动自行车坏了，但他却称这一天是幸运的。吴老师用这件事来教育学生用新的方式看待幸运。
1．A.proudly B．cheerfully
C．seriously D．angrily
解析：选B 根据后文中Why do you always seem to be so happy, Mr Wu？可知，吴老师总是非常快乐，故此处指他兴高采烈地(cheerfully)问学生他们周末过得怎么样。
2．A.busy B．satisfying
C．terrible D．meaningful
解析：选C 根据空后she had her wisdom teeth pulled out and they still hurt可知，这个女孩的周末过得很糟糕(terrible)。
3．A.question B．suggestion
C．decision D．introduction
解析：选A 根据前文“Why do you always seem to be so happy, Mr Wu？” she asked.可知，是女孩问的问题(question)使吴老师想起了他之前读过的东西。
4．A.fail B．hate
C．seem D．choose
解析：选D 根据前文you have a choice about how you want to spend that day可知，你可以选择你想怎么度过这一天。故吴老师说他选择(choose)高高兴兴的。
5．A.Who B．When
C．Why D．How
解析：选C 根据前文“And today is my lucky day，” he added.及空后The whole class were curious.可知，吴老师说今天是幸运的，所以学生们很好奇，问为什么(Why)。
6．A.walked B．ran
C．drove D．rode
解析：选D 根据空后when my e bike broke down可知，吴老师是骑(rode)电动自行车去学校。
7．A.surprised B．bored
C．impatient D．nervous
解析：选A 根据前文可知，吴老师电动自行车坏了却说自己幸运，所以学生们很吃惊(surprised)。
8．A.left B．checked
C．repaired D．found
解析：选A 句意：我的电动自行车在上课前一刻钟坏了，所以我把它丢(left)在路边，拿着书，沿着道路走到学校。
9．A.hospital B．school
C．park D．bank
解析：选B 根据前文This morning, I 6 to school as usual.可知，吴老师花了10分钟到达了学校(school)。
10．A.somewhere B．anywhere
C．everywhere D．nowhere
解析：选B 句意：我的电动自行车本来可以在路上任何地方(anywhere)坏掉。
11．A.However B．Also
C．Instead D．Otherwise
解析：选C 根据空前句My e bike could have broken down 10 along the way.及空后句But it didn't.和it broke down in the perfect place — off the main road, within walking distance of here可知，吴老师的电动自行车本来可以在路上的任何地方坏掉，但是它没有。相反(Instead)，它在完美的地方坏掉了——远离主干道，步行即可到达学校。
12．A.and B．but
C．so D．or
解析：选A 根据句意可知，本空前后句为顺承关系，故本空应用and。
13．A.yesterday B．the other day
C．today D．tomorrow
解析：选C 句意：如果我的电动自行车今天(today)一定要坏，那这样安排就再好不过了。
14．A.hurt B．touched
C．controlled D．worried
解析：选B 根据空前The students' eyes opened wide, and then they smiled.可知，吴老师说的话触动了(touched)学生们。
15．A.dream B．purpose
C．wish D．luck
解析：选D 句意：他很高兴他们有一个绝佳的机会用一种新的方式来看待幸运(luck)。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend.While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station.They said they would take me to my friend's.We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.
I sent him and his wife a thank you note with some cash for helping me.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery (电池) was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I entered the shop, and one of the salesman, who was white haired, came to me.
When I paid for it, they would not accept my money.
参考范文：
I entered the shop, and one of the salesman, who was white haired, came to me.I recognized him at once — the two salesmen were the older couple, and they were the owners of the Friendly Ford dealership.“Hey, it's you! You ever helped me, remember？” I said to them excitedly.“Yeah, we do！” the old man laughed.After chatting for a while, they quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.My trouble was solved once again.
When I paid for it, they would not accept my money.They told me that they ran the shop and named it Friendly because they were happy to help people in need and it made their life meaningful.When they ran the shop at first and helped people, no one had ever taken the time to write them and say thank you, but now they received more and more thank you notes from people, which they were really happy about.
PAGE
6Developing ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
“What's your ‘Thing of the Day’？” I asked my fourteen year old son as he got a piece of potato onto his plate.This is a question our four kids and whichever friends are staying for supper expect to be asked each evening at suppertime.Usually, it's like this, “Uhh ...Umm ...We had pizza for lunch.” And then I have to refuse the response and ask for something meaningful — either something he learned or something that happened with his friends.
But, this day, my son surprised me as he went into great detail about how he had been honestly wronged by a couple of classmates and laughed at in front of the class.I asked more questions and learned that the teachers were aware of the situation.The issue had been dealt with as much as the teachers and staff were able to.It was really just a matter of kids being mean and deciding to play a trick on someone.
I thought about the situation all night.I vacillated between meeting the teachers, meeting the parents of the classmates, and not doing anything since the story had been told to me in a matter of fact way — not overly excitedly.
I waited until the next day after school.On the car ride home, I questioned my son what about today after yesterday's situation.My son was surprised that I brought it up again.“What No, it's over, Mom.They're my friends.They were just being stupid.They apologized.Forgive and forget, you know We're all good.”
I was worried that perhaps he was trying to hide his concern or sadness about the thing.But as I watched him over the next days and weeks, everything seemed “normal”．Wouldn't it be great if everyone could live the “forgive and forget” way of life
1．How are children's usual answers to the author's daily question
A．Serious. B．Worrisome.
C．Meaningless. D．Detailed.
2．Why was the author sleepless that night
A．Her son was made fun of unkindly.
B．Her son invited his friends to dinner.
C．Her son was punished by his teacher.
D．Her son lied to her about his mistake.
3．What does the underlined word “vacillated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Give suggestions. B．Make sense.
C．Persuade oneself. D．Be undecided.
4．What did the author learn from the whole story
A．It is good to forgive and forget.
B．It is necessary to watch her son.
C．It is difficult to understand children.
D．It is surprising for her son to apologize.
B
The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2000, a new form of sharing economy has been emerging in neighborhoods throughout the US and around the world — Little Free Library.The libraries are boxes placed in neighborhoods from which residents can take out and put in books.Little Free Maries come in all shapes and sizes.Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.
In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library as a gift to his mother, who was a devoted reader.When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.“I think Little Free Libraries open the door to conversations we want to have with each other，” Bol said.
Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country.According to Little Free Library, org, there are now 18, 000 of the little structures around the world, located in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.
The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article says the little structures serve as a cure for a world of e reader downloads.The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human.For many people, the sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries' main appeal.“A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading; a man on his way to the bus stop might find a volume of poetry that changes his outlook on life，” says the Atlantic article, “Every book is a potential source of inspiration.”
5．What was Bol's purpose of building Little Free Library
A．To help people in the community communicate often.
B．To make reading books spread around the world.
C．To help neighbors develop the habit of building libraries.
D．To give his mother a birthday present.
6．How do Little Free Libraries get their books
A．The communities bought them.
B．US government provided them.
C．Tod Bol donated them.
D．Local people shared them.
7．What do we know about Little Free Library
A．Calls for people to write more books.
B．It was built up with the help of the Internet.
C．It offers people different kinds of books to read.
D．It needs big rooms to place many books in.
8．What can be inferred from the text
A．Little Tree Library has replaced the e book.
B．Little Free Library can make much difference to people.
C．Tod Bol developed Little Free Library on his own.
D．Tod Bol earned much money through Little Free Library.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Emoji (表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 1 .It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 2 ， encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3 .While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线)．The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone (语气)．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？ 4 .Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
5 ， and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣，并打算利用暑假参观一下。 请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．推荐要参观的建筑；
2．约定参观的时间；
3．提出其他建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
PAGE
6Developing ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
“What's your ‘Thing of the Day’？” I asked my fourteen year old son as he got a piece of potato onto his plate.This is a question our four kids and whichever friends are staying for supper expect to be asked each evening at suppertime.Usually, it's like this, “Uhh ...Umm ...We had pizza for lunch.” And then I have to refuse the response and ask for something meaningful — either something he learned or something that happened with his friends.
But, this day, my son surprised me as he went into great detail about how he had been honestly wronged by a couple of classmates and laughed at in front of the class.I asked more questions and learned that the teachers were aware of the situation.The issue had been dealt with as much as the teachers and staff were able to.It was really just a matter of kids being mean and deciding to play a trick on someone.
I thought about the situation all night.I vacillated between meeting the teachers, meeting the parents of the classmates, and not doing anything since the story had been told to me in a matter of fact way — not overly excitedly.
I waited until the next day after school.On the car ride home, I questioned my son what about today after yesterday's situation.My son was surprised that I brought it up again.“What No, it's over, Mom.They're my friends.They were just being stupid.They apologized.Forgive and forget, you know We're all good.”
I was worried that perhaps he was trying to hide his concern or sadness about the thing.But as I watched him over the next days and weeks, everything seemed “normal”．Wouldn't it be great if everyone could live the “forgive and forget” way of life
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子告诉她自己被同学嘲笑，这让作者整夜失眠。第二天放学后，作者再次问起这件事，儿子却说已经解决了。作者也从这件事中学到了宽恕和遗忘是好事。
1．How are children's usual answers to the author's daily question
A．Serious. B．Worrisome.
C．Meaningless. D．Detailed.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中Usually, it's like this, “Uhh ...Umm ... We had pizza for lunch.”And then I have to refuse the response and ask for something meaningful — either something he learned or something that happened with his friends.可知，作者在听完孩子的回答后都会拒绝这个回答，要求一些有意义的事情——要么是他学到的东西，要么是他和朋友们发生的事情。由此可推知，孩子们对作者的日常问题的回答通常都是无意义的，故选C项。
2．Why was the author sleepless that night
A．Her son was made fun of unkindly.
B．Her son invited his friends to dinner.
C．Her son was punished by his teacher.
D．Her son lied to her about his mistake.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中But, this day, my son surprised me as he went into great detail about how he had been honestly wronged by a couple of classmates and laughed at in front of the class.及第三段中I thought about the situation all night.可知，作者那天晚上失眠了是因为她的儿子被同学不友善地取笑了，故选A项。
3．What does the underlined word “vacillated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Give suggestions. B．Make sense.
C．Persuade oneself. D．Be undecided.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的between meeting the teachers, meeting the parents of the classmates, and not doing anything可知，作者在去见老师，去见同学的家长，还是什么也不做之间犹豫不决。由此可知，画线词词义为“犹豫不决”，故选D项。
4．What did the author learn from the whole story
A．It is good to forgive and forget.
B．It is necessary to watch her son.
C．It is difficult to understand children.
D．It is surprising for her son to apologize.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，作者从整个故事中学到了宽恕和遗忘是好事，故选A项。
B
The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2000, a new form of sharing economy has been emerging in neighborhoods throughout the US and around the world — Little Free Library.The libraries are boxes placed in neighborhoods from which residents can take out and put in books.Little Free Maries come in all shapes and sizes.Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.
In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library as a gift to his mother, who was a devoted reader.When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.“I think Little Free Libraries open the door to conversations we want to have with each other，” Bol said.
Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country.According to Little Free Library, org, there are now 18, 000 of the little structures around the world, located in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.
The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article says the little structures serve as a cure for a world of e reader downloads.The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human.For many people, the sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries' main appeal.“A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading; a man on his way to the bus stop might find a volume of poetry that changes his outlook on life，” says the Atlantic article, “Every book is a potential source of inspiration.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从共享经济中诞生的一种新型共享形式：迷你图书馆，以及它的诞生原因、发展历程和给人们带来的影响。
5．What was Bol's purpose of building Little Free Library
A．To help people in the community communicate often.
B．To make reading books spread around the world.
C．To help neighbors develop the habit of building libraries.
D．To give his mother a birthday present.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I think Little Free Libraries open the door to conversations we want to have with each other，” Bol said.可知，Bol建迷你图书馆是为了帮助社区的人们能够经常沟通。故选A项。
6．How do Little Free Libraries get their books
A．The communities bought them.
B．US government provided them.
C．Tod Bol donated them.
D．Local people shared them.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中The libraries are boxes placed in neighborhoods from which residents can take out and put in books.可知，图书是由市民放入的，即当地人互相分享书籍。故选D项。
7．What do we know about Little Free Library
A．Calls for people to write more books.
B．It was built up with the help of the Internet.
C．It offers people different kinds of books to read.
D．It needs big rooms to place many books in.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.可知，迷你图书馆为不同人群提供不同种类的书籍以供阅读。故选C项。
8．What can be inferred from the text
A．Little Tree Library has replaced the e book.
B．Little Free Library can make much difference to people.
C．Tod Bol developed Little Free Library on his own.
D．Tod Bol earned much money through Little Free Library.
解析：选B 推理判断题。最后一段分别以一个在放学回家路上拿起一本激发了阅读兴趣的漫画书的女孩，和一个走在去公交站路上发现了很多改变他人生观的诗歌的男人为例子，说明了迷你图书馆能够对人们产生巨大影响。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Emoji (表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 1 .It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 2 ， encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3 .While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线)．The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone (语气)．Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？ 4 .Emoji can help communication feel friendlier，and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
5 ， and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在工作交流中运用表情符号的好处。
1．选D 空前一句提到In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly，空后一句提到76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis，D项(这类平台在全球范围内流行起来)承上启下，故选D。
2．选A 上文Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.谈到了在书面交流中使用表情符号的好处，故结合选项可知，A项(带有表情符号的信息让人感觉更适合交谈)符合语境。
3．选G 根据空前的employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge可知，在不同年龄的办公人员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战，G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。G项中的bring all work generations together呼应上文。故选G项。
4．选B 本段叙述了使用表情符号在缓和语气上的作用，根据空前的Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？可知，此处涉及邮件交流中的语气，故选B。
5．选F 根据空后的and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome可知，空处应该体现that positive outcome，也就是F选项中的a happier workplace，故选F。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣，并打算利用暑假参观一下。 请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．推荐要参观的建筑；
2．约定参观的时间；
3．提出其他建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Noah，
I'm really glad that you take great interest in ancient Chinese architecture.
Millions of ancient architectures have survived in China's history.However, there is no better place to visit than the Forbidden City in Beijing.It served as a royal palace for centuries.Summer is a good time for traveling, so shall we go there on 1 August I believe you'll have a better experience if you know its history.You'd better do some research online.
Please let me know if you need further information.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
6Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the last few years, “bike sharing” companies like oBike, ofo, and Mobike began flooding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore with bikes.But it didn't take long before there were too many companies and too many bikes on the streets.Soon many companies went out of business, leaving behind thousands of unused rental bikes.Many of them were completely new.
Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that though these bikes didn't have any value where they were, they could do a lot of good for schoolchildren in Myanmar.Some children in Myanmar travel an hour or more on foot every day to get to school.Soon, Mr Than Tun Win had raised around ＄400,000 for the LessWalk project.About half of the money was his own, and the other half was given by companies.
The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar.Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students.The rental bikes used to require a smartphone app to unlock them.LessWalk changed this for a lock with a key.They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike.Recently they've added another change — they're using special tires that don't go flat to take the place of the bike's regular tires.With all the changes, Mr Than says each bike costs LessWalk about ＄35.
Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most.The project is working with Myanmar's government and schools to focus on poor students who walk close to two hours a day to school.
Though LessWalk only began in March, the project has already brought around 22,500 bikes into Myanmar and has given out over 1,000 bikes.Mr Than Tun Win hopes to bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the program to Laos and Cambodia.
1．What is the function of the first paragraph in the passage
A．To attract readers' attention to “bike sharing” companies.
B．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．To use some examples to support the topic.
D．To provide background information on the topic.
2．Why did Mike Than Tun Win set up the LessWalk project
A．To make money.
B．To help the needy.
C．To grow his business.
D．To spread his green travel idea.
3．What can we learn about the bikes that the LessWalk project offers
A．They are all old shared bikes.
B．They allow two people to ride on one bike.
C．They only allow an hour of use a day.
D．They require a smartphone app to unlock them.
4．Why does giving out the bikes take a little longer
A．There aren't enough bikes for the locals.
B．The locals show little interest in bikes.
C．The project has to pick out its users carefully.
D．The project hasn't yet received the local government's support.
B
I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source (来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
As a novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy (盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
5．Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.
C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
6．What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
7．What does the author call on other writers to do
A．Sponsor book fairs.
B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries.
D．Purchase her novels.
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Reading：A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about Writing
C．Library：A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
Ⅱ.完形填空
Our family moved to Colorado on my third birthday. 1 my dad, a truck driver, was always delivering goods outside, Mom was almost like a single mother and most of the time I was 2 .
My first memory of the new life was our 3 ， Arlene, handing me strawberries from her garden.Then one day, Mom asked Arlene to watch me while she was out.This
4 well for everyone, so it became a 5 occurrence.Every morning I would 6 to chat with her, and even my dog would 7 out of our yard to visit her.
What 8 me to Arlene is that she never got tired of me.I think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me — we were both lonely, desperate for 9 .It was a wonderful 10 .
When I was five, an idea suddenly 11 me: “What if I 12 Arlene as my grandma？” Almost immediately I went to ask Arlene, “Will you be my grandma？” Surprisingly, she started crying and enthusiastically accepted.Soon she printed out an adoption certificate, which 13 on her living room's wall afterwards.
I remember being surprised that she took my offer so 14 .Recalling that moment still brings tears to my eyes.There is something truly magnificent about a child offering love and an adult accepting it.Everyone in this world 15 enthusiastic love.
1．A.Unless B．Though
C．Since D．Before
2．A.alone B．awkward
C．afraid D．troublesome
3．A.agent B．assistant
C．relative D．neighbor
4．A.qualified B．compensated
C．worked D．matched
5．A.fundamental B．daily
C．temporary D．permanent
6．A.wander over B．break up
C．turn over D．pull up
7．A.withdraw B．fall
C．slide D．drop
8．A.exposed B．drew
C．affected D．introduced
9．A.pity B．company
C．happiness D．support
10．A.connection B．motivation
C．dimension D．distinction
11．A.confused B．troubled
C．moved D．struck
12．A.adopted B．admired
C．dismissed D．selected
13．A.lay B．stood
C．hung D．carved
14．A.casually B．subjectively
C．patiently D．seriously
15．A.deserves B．involves
C．ignores D．undertakes
热烈的爱。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A college student who shows great courage in fighting severe kidney (肾脏) disease while following his dreams in scientific 1 (invent) has inspired many people.
Zou Yongsong, 27, is a student at Changsha University of Science & Technology in Changsha, Hunan Province.At 2 age of four, Zou caught a high fever, and poor medical treatment in the village left his kidneys 3 (serious) damaged.Since then he has suffered kidney problems and has had to take medicine daily 4 (fight) the disease.
Though he suffered the pain 5 (bring) by the disease, he didn't give up attending school.After years of hard work, Zou 6 (admit) to Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology.In 2017 his condition became 7 (bad) and he had to receive dialysis(透析)treatment. 8 ， the physical suffering did not stop him 9 (dream) of a career in science.Even during his stay in hospital, he insisted 10 working on patent (专利权) applications.Over the last two years, six of his patents and copyrights have been approved.
Because he shows courage and optimism when facing difficulty and misfortune, Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan award in November.
PAGE
8Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the last few years, “bike sharing” companies like oBike, ofo, and Mobike began flooding (挤满) streets in places like China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore with bikes.But it didn't take long before there were too many companies and too many bikes on the streets.Soon many companies went out of business, leaving behind thousands of unused rental bikes.Many of them were completely new.
Businessman Mike Than Tun Win realized that though these bikes didn't have any value where they were, they could do a lot of good for schoolchildren in Myanmar.Some children in Myanmar travel an hour or more on foot every day to get to school.Soon, Mr Than Tun Win had raised around ＄400,000 for the LessWalk project.About half of the money was his own, and the other half was given by companies.
The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar.Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students.The rental bikes used to require a smartphone app to unlock them.LessWalk changed this for a lock with a key.They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike.Recently they've added another change — they're using special tires that don't go flat to take the place of the bike's regular tires.With all the changes, Mr Than says each bike costs LessWalk about ＄35.
Giving out the bikes takes a little longer, since LessWalk wants to make sure that the bikes go to the students who need them the most.The project is working with Myanmar's government and schools to focus on poor students who walk close to two hours a day to school.
Though LessWalk only began in March, the project has already brought around 22,500 bikes into Myanmar and has given out over 1,000 bikes.Mr Than Tun Win hopes to bring in as many as 100,000 bikes and expand the program to Laos and Cambodia.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mike Than Tun Win购买如今被闲置的共享单车，改造后交给缅甸需要步行很久去上学的学生。
1．What is the function of the first paragraph in the passage
A．To attract readers' attention to “bike sharing” companies.
B．To introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．To use some examples to support the topic.
D．To provide background information on the topic.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在过去的几年里，在中国、日本、澳大利亚和新加坡等地，像oBike、ofo和摩拜这样的“共享单车”公司的自行车淹没街道。但没过多久，街上就出现了太多的公司和太多的自行车。很快，许多公司都倒闭了，留下了数千辆闲置的租赁自行车。其中很多都是全新的。因此可以推断出，第一段是为后文讲述Mike Than Tun Win购买被闲置的共享单车提供背景信息。
2．Why did Mike Than Tun Win set up the LessWalk project
A．To make money.
B．To help the needy.
C．To grow his business.
D．To spread his green travel idea.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中The LessWalk project bought thousands of new rental bikes from failed companies and shipped them to Myanmar.Once in Myanmar, the bikes are changed to make them more useful for students.可推知，Mike Than Tun Win建立LessWalk项目是为了帮助有需要的人，故选B项。
3．What can we learn about the bikes that the LessWalk project offers
A．They are all old shared bikes.
B．They allow two people to ride on one bike.
C．They only allow an hour of use a day.
D．They require a smartphone app to unlock them.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中They also added a second place to sit at the back of the bikes, allowing two children to ride to school on one bike.可知，LessWalk项目提供的自行车可以载两个人，故选B项。
4．Why does giving out the bikes take a little longer
A．There aren't enough bikes for the locals.
B．The locals show little interest in bikes.
C．The project has to pick out its users carefully.
D．The project hasn't yet received the local government's support.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，分发自行车需要更长的时间，因为LessWalk想要确保自行车去到那些最需要它们的学生手里。该项目正与缅甸政府和学校合作，重点关注那些每天步行近两个小时上学的贫困学生。故选C项。
B
I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source (来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
As a novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy (盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对图书馆的热爱。
5．Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.
C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child ... stories were like air to me ...可推知，小时候，作者与书形影不离。故选C。
6．What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词组前的As I grew older ... the library took on a new place ...及下文的I had several children ... to read to them.可知，随着年龄的增长，作者成为母亲，图书馆在她心里有了新的“地位”，书成了她和孩子们娱乐的主要来源。由此可推测，原本作者自己从读书中获得的乐趣传递到了她的家庭中。故“an added meaning”应是指“在作者家中传递的读书的乐趣”。故选B。
7．What does the author call on other writers to do
A．Sponsor book fairs.
B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries.
D．Purchase her novels.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.可知，作者呼吁其他作者支持图书馆。故选C。
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Reading：A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about Writing
C．Library：A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
解析：选D 标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，library是本文的线索，作者描述了她从孩童到为人母，以及作为小说家对图书馆的热爱。故D项符合题意。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Our family moved to Colorado on my third birthday. 1 my dad, a truck driver, was always delivering goods outside, Mom was almost like a single mother and most of the time I was 2 .
My first memory of the new life was our 3 ， Arlene, handing me strawberries from her garden.Then one day, Mom asked Arlene to watch me while she was out.This
4 well for everyone, so it became a 5 occurrence.Every morning I would 6 to chat with her, and even my dog would 7 out of our yard to visit her.
What 8 me to Arlene is that she never got tired of me.I think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me — we were both lonely, desperate for 9 .It was a wonderful 10 .
When I was five, an idea suddenly 11 me: “What if I 12 Arlene as my grandma？” Almost immediately I went to ask Arlene, “Will you be my grandma？” Surprisingly, she started crying and enthusiastically accepted.Soon she printed out an adoption certificate, which 13 on her living room's wall afterwards.
I remember being surprised that she took my offer so 14 .Recalling that moment still brings tears to my eyes.There is something truly magnificent about a child offering love and an adult accepting it.Everyone in this world 15 enthusiastic love.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者小时候搬家到一个新地方，父母由于忙碌没时间照顾作者。一次偶然的机会，作者和邻居Arlene认识了，并且后来一直互相陪伴，最后作者认Arlene作了奶奶。
1．A.Unless B．Though
C．Since D．Before
解析：选C 根据空后内容可知，爸爸是一名卡车司机，总是忙着在外工作，妈妈就像单身母亲一样。由此可知，两个分句之间为因果关系，此处表示原因，应用Since。
2．A.alone B．awkward
C．afraid D．troublesome
解析：选A 参见上题解析。作者的父母都很忙，因此没时间照顾作者，所以作者很孤独(alone)。
3．A.agent B．assistant
C．relative D．neighbor
解析：选D 根据下文Then one day, Mom asked Arlene to watch me while she was out.和Every morning I would 6 to chat with her, and even my dog would 7 out of our yard to visit her.可知，某一天妈妈要出去，就让Arlene帮忙看着作者，后来的每天早上作者都会跟她聊天，甚至作者的狗也会从院子里跑去看她，结合选项，只有D项(邻居)才可以与新来的作者一家有如此频繁的交往。
4．A.qualified B．compensated
C．worked D．matched
解析：选C 根据下文中I think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me — we were both lonely, desperate for 9 .It was a wonderful 10 .可知，邻居Arlene和作者两个人都很孤单，渴望陪伴，这就是一个很好的连接点。所以这样妈妈可放心离家，作者和邻居可以互相陪伴，这样对每一个人都很好，结合选项可知，work (奏效，产生预期的作用)符合题意。
5．A.fundamental B．daily
C．temporary D．permanent
解析：选B 根据下文中的Every morning I would 6 to chat with her可知，每天早晨作者都会去和她聊天，妈妈请邻居Arlene帮忙看着作者这件事后来就成了一个日常事情(daily occurrence)。
6．A.wander over B．break up
C．turn over D．pull up
解析：选A 参见上题解析。妈妈离家时会让邻居Arlene帮忙照看作者，而且这也成为一个日常事情，所以对于作者来说，后来的每一天都会闲逛(wander over)到她家跟她聊天。
7．A.withdraw B．fall
C．slide D．drop
解析：选C 根据上下文情节并结合选项可知，此处用固定搭配slide out of “悄悄溜出”符合语境。
8．A.exposed B．drew
C．affected D．introduced
解析：选B 根据后半句she never got tired of me可知，她从来都不会厌烦作者，这是她吸引(drew)作者的地方。
9．A.pity B．company
C．happiness D．support
解析：选B 根据空前we were both lonely可知，作者和Arlene都很孤独，所以渴望陪伴 (company)。
10．A.connection B．motivation
C．dimension D．distinction
解析：选A 根据前文内容可知，作者和Arlene都感到孤独，渴望陪伴，所以他们之间的相处是一种很棒的关系(connection)。
11．A.confused B．troubled
C．moved D．struck
解析：选D 根据下文What if I 12 Arlene as my grandma？可知，在作者五岁时，突然有一个想法，那就是让Arlene做作者的奶奶。所以这里是指“我突然有了一个想法”。
12．A.adopted B．admired
C．dismissed D．selected
解析：选A 根据下文she started crying and enthusiastically accepted.Soon she printed out an adoption certificate可知，作者把这个想法说给她时，她很激动，并且很快打印了一份收养证明，所以这里是作者想收养 (adopted) Arlene，这符合一个五岁小孩的思维。
13．A.lay B．stood
C．hung D．carved
解析：选C 根据空前的an adoption certificate以及空后的on her living room's wall可知，此处应该是把收养证明挂在 (hung) 墙上。
14．A.casually B．subjectively
C．patiently D．seriously
解析：选D 根据前文她把收养证明打印出来挂在墙上可知，她对收养作者这件事很严肃，让作者感到惊讶。
15．A.deserves B．involves
C．ignores D．undertakes
解析：选A 根据上文There is something truly magnificent about a child offering love and an adult accepting it.可知，一个小孩子奉献他的爱，一个成年人接受了他的爱，所以世界上每一个人都值得(deserves) 热烈的爱。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A college student who shows great courage in fighting severe kidney (肾脏) disease while following his dreams in scientific 1 (invent) has inspired many people.
Zou Yongsong, 27, is a student at Changsha University of Science & Technology in Changsha, Hunan Province.At 2 age of four, Zou caught a high fever, and poor medical treatment in the village left his kidneys 3 (serious) damaged.Since then he has suffered kidney problems and has had to take medicine daily 4 (fight) the disease.
Though he suffered the pain 5 (bring) by the disease, he didn't give up attending school.After years of hard work, Zou 6 (admit) to Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology.In 2017 his condition became 7 (bad) and he had to receive dialysis(透析)treatment. 8 ， the physical suffering did not stop him 9 (dream) of a career in science.Even during his stay in hospital, he insisted 10 working on patent (专利权) applications.Over the last two years, six of his patents and copyrights have been approved.
Because he shows courage and optimism when facing difficulty and misfortune, Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan award in November.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了罹患严重肾病，但是仍然坚持学习、科研的坚强大学生邹勇松的故事。
1．invention 根据空前形容词scientific可知，本空应用名词invention。
2．the at the age of意为“在……岁时”，故本空应用定冠词the。
3．seriously 本空修饰动词damaged应使用副词seriously。
4．to fight 根据句意可知，本空应用动词不定式作目的状语。
5．brought 本空在句中作定语修饰名词pain，且名词pain和动词bring之间逻辑上是动宾关系，故本空应用过去分词brought作后置定语。
6．was admitted 根据句意可知，本句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；且句子主语Zou与动词admit之间是被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。
7．worse 根据句意可知，此处表示“他的情况变得更差”，含有比较的意思，故应用形容词比较级worse。
8．However 根据空前后句句意可知，本空前后句是转折关系，故本空应用However。
9．dreaming stop sb.(from) doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，故本空应用动名词dreaming。
10．on insist on意为“坚持”，故本空应用介词on。
PAGE
8Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Inventors are always at work, dreaming up new technologies.Some inventions help us solve problems.Others make life easier, or more fun.Here, TFK (Time for Kids) presents 3 of our favorite inventions.See how they make us live a better life.
Stopping Sickness
Christine Schindler is an engineer.She wanted to help stop the spread of foodborne illnesses.So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a person's hands for harmful germs.Restaurant employees hold their hands beneath the scanner.Then the scanner judges whether they must be rewashed.About 100 locations have started using the product since it launched in May.
Talking Eyes
For people who are blind or have other visual problems, the ORCAM MYEYE 2 could be a game changer.It might also prove useful for people with reading difficulties.Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.It can identify faces.It can also read text aloud.Fitting all this power into such a small device is like “putting an elephant in a small closet”， says Amnon Shashua, the inventor of the technology.Now the device can be bought online.
Sport safe
Research shows that playing football increases the risk of brain injury.Still, about a million kids under the age of 13 play football, according to the Sports & Fitness Industry Association.That's where the VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH football helmet comes in.It has thick, force absorbing support on the front and sides, where kids are likely to take the hardest hits on the field.Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.
1．What is the function of PATHSPOT
A．Killing the germs on hands.
B．Checking if hands are clean.
C．Rewashing employees' hands.
D．Stopping the reproduction of germs.
2．Which of the following is the feature of Talking Eyes
A．Low noise. B．Portable.
C．Single function. D．Power saving.
3．What can we learn about VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH
A．It is available to the public now.
B．It improves kids' football skills.
C．It is designed for kids under 13 only.
D．Its front and sides are the hardest.
B
Bill Bowerman was a track coach.He wanted to help athletes run faster.So he had learned how to make running shoes.He had also started a shoe company with a friend.It was 1971.Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes (鞋钉) on the sole (鞋底)．The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.
To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish.To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes.Bill looked through his wife Barbara's jewelry box.He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an interesting pattern.He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles.Nothing worked.Bill was stumped.Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.
Inspiration hit. The pattern on a waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for.The squares were fatter and wider than sharp spikes.The pattern would help the shoes grip (抓牢) any surface without tearing into it.
When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab.He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe.He poured the mixture into the waffle iron and the Waffle Trainer was born.
Bill's company put the Waffle Trainer on the market in 1974.It was a huge hit.Maybe you've heard of that company called Nike.And today it's worth around ＄100 billion.
It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bill's life and helped turn Nike into a well known name.Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters.It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.
4．What was wrong with the running shoes before the Waffle Trainer was made
A．They were easily worn out.
B．The spikes hurt runners' feet.
C．The spikes were sharp and heavy.
D．They were too expensive.
5．What does the underlined word “stumped” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Inspired. B．Defeated.
C．Satisfied. D．Doubted.
6．What can we say about the birth of Waffle Trainer
A．It was made quite by accident.
B．It was invented by Bill's wife.
C．It was based on many lab tests.
D．It was supported by another company.
7．What can we learn from Bill's experience
A．Where there's a will, there's a way.
B．Good is rewarded with good.
C．Two heads are better than one.
D．A misfortune may turn out a blessing.
C
It might sound like a terrible dream, but a new design from Dubai based airline Emirates plans to remove windows from airplanes.Instead of real life views of clouds and sky, first class passengers will look out of “virtual (虚拟的) windows”， enjoying projected views of the world passing by Emirates' “windows” use real time high tech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.
Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great — however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.For starters, in the event of an emergency, people in the plane often need to look out for reference points.Having visual awareness is important and in a windowless jet, they don't exist — especially if there is an electrical fault which then means that the ‘electric’ windows do not work and you can't see outside.” Ahmad was also concerned about passenger comfort.“Passengers simply do love the natural view outside，” he says.“There are also other problems — the change involved would certainly require new tests.”
Other futuristic airplane designs are going the opposite way.Boeing's Dreamliner — its most modern design — features large windows.Airbus has also designed a plane with transparent (透明的) walls that is presented at the 2011 Paris Air Show.Embraer has planned the Kyoto cabin, designed for its Lineage 1000E aircraft, which features large windows running along the majority of the walls of the cabin.
There could also be a move towards pilotless planes in the future — but Ahmad applies his doubts about windowless planes to drone flown (无人驾驶的) planes, too.“The idea of windowless planes is possible — that doesn't mean it will happen，” says Ahmad.“The same applies to drone technology — but that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.”
8．What will Emirates' new planes be like
A．They will be pilotless.
B．They will have open windows.
C．They will present outside views on virtual windows.
D．They will provide all passengers with windowless experiences.
9．What does Saj Ahmad think of the virtual windows
A．Useful. B．Expensive.
C．Impractical. D．Comfortable.
10．How is the third paragraph developed
A．By giving examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following space order.
D．By explaining cause and effect.
11．What is the future of drone technology according to Saj Ahmad
A．It needs more skilled engineers.
B．It will take time to develop.
C．It will be widely applied.
D．It is promising.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Light in a Bottle
This is such a simple idea! It's a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run.It wasn't invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago.In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity. 1 One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency.One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun.This made Moser think. 2
All you need is a clean plastic bottle.Fill it with water and close it with a black top.The black top attracts the sun.A drop of bleach (漂白剂), the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean.Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole. 3 It's much stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbors and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket.Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Moser's idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!
A．Why not use water to make light
B．In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.
C．Moser was very good at making things around the home.
D．People's homes and small businesses were often left in the dark.
E．Following Moser's method, the organization started making lamps in 2011.
F．While there's sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.
G．MyShelter also offers training for people who want to earn money by fixing the lamps in their communities.
PAGE
6Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Inventors are always at work, dreaming up new technologies.Some inventions help us solve problems.Others make life easier, or more fun.Here, TFK (Time for Kids) presents 3 of our favorite inventions.See how they make us live a better life.
Stopping Sickness
Christine Schindler is an engineer.She wanted to help stop the spread of foodborne illnesses.So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a person's hands for harmful germs.Restaurant employees hold their hands beneath the scanner.Then the scanner judges whether they must be rewashed.About 100 locations have started using the product since it launched in May.
Talking Eyes
For people who are blind or have other visual problems, the ORCAM MYEYE 2 could be a game changer.It might also prove useful for people with reading difficulties.Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.It can identify faces.It can also read text aloud.Fitting all this power into such a small device is like “putting an elephant in a small closet”， says Amnon Shashua, the inventor of the technology.Now the device can be bought online.
Sport safe
Research shows that playing football increases the risk of brain injury.Still, about a million kids under the age of 13 play football, according to the Sports & Fitness Industry Association.That's where the VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH football helmet comes in.It has thick, force absorbing support on the front and sides, where kids are likely to take the hardest hits on the field.Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些科技新发明。
1．What is the function of PATHSPOT
A．Killing the germs on hands.
B．Checking if hands are clean.
C．Rewashing employees' hands.
D．Stopping the reproduction of germs.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据题干关键词PATHSPOT可定位到Stopping Sickness部分。根据So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a person's hands for harmful germs.可知，这个发明物是用来检查手上是否干净。故选B项。
2．Which of the following is the feature of Talking Eyes
A．Low noise. B．Portable.
C．Single function. D．Power saving.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Talking Eyes可定位到Talking Eyes部分。根据Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.可知，这种眼镜方便携带。故选B项。
3．What can we learn about VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH
A．It is available to the public now.
B．It improves kids' football skills.
C．It is designed for kids under 13 only.
D．Its front and sides are the hardest.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据题干关键词VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH 可定位到Sport safe部分。根据Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.可推知，这项发明已经被公众使用。故选A项。
B
Bill Bowerman was a track coach.He wanted to help athletes run faster.So he had learned how to make running shoes.He had also started a shoe company with a friend.It was 1971.Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes (鞋钉) on the sole (鞋底)．The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.
To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish.To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes.Bill looked through his wife Barbara's jewelry box.He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an interesting pattern.He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles.Nothing worked.Bill was stumped.Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.
Inspiration hit. The pattern on a waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for.The squares were fatter and wider than sharp spikes.The pattern would help the shoes grip (抓牢) any surface without tearing into it.
When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab.He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe.He poured the mixture into the waffle iron and the Waffle Trainer was born.
Bill's company put the Waffle Trainer on the market in 1974.It was a huge hit.Maybe you've heard of that company called Nike.And today it's worth around ＄100 billion.
It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bill's life and helped turn Nike into a well known name.Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters.It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了田径教练Bill Bowerman因妻子早餐做的华夫饼激发了他对运动鞋设计的灵感，从此耐克成为一个家喻户晓的品牌。
4．What was wrong with the running shoes before the Waffle Trainer was made
A．They were easily worn out.
B．The spikes hurt runners' feet.
C．The spikes were sharp and heavy.
D．They were too expensive.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes(鞋钉)on the sole(鞋底)．The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.可知，那时候的运动鞋的鞋底上有鞋钉，导致运动鞋很重，运动员跑不快，而且鞋钉容易损坏跑道，故C项(鞋钉又尖又重)正确。
5．What does the underlined word “stumped” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Inspired. B．Defeated.
C．Satisfied. D．Doubted.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据前句Nothing worked.可知，Bill尝试了很多方法均没有成功。由此可知，他当时是被这个问题难住了，只有B项(被打败的)符合文意。
6．What can we say about the birth of Waffle Trainer
A．It was made quite by accident.
B．It was invented by Bill's wife.
C．It was based on many lab tests.
D．It was supported by another company.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.及第三段中Inspiration hit.可知，Bill是在厨房看妻子做华夫饼的时候突然找到了制作运动鞋的灵感的。由此可以推断出，Waffle Trainer运动鞋的诞生是偶然的。故选A项。
7．What can we learn from Bill's experience
A．Where there's a will, there's a way.
B．Good is rewarded with good.
C．Two heads are better than one.
D．A misfortune may turn out a blessing.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.可知，只要不断尝试，终能找到解决问题的办法。故选A项。
C
It might sound like a terrible dream, but a new design from Dubai based airline Emirates plans to remove windows from airplanes.Instead of real life views of clouds and sky, first class passengers will look out of “virtual (虚拟的) windows”， enjoying projected views of the world passing by Emirates' “windows” use real time high tech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.
Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great — however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.For starters, in the event of an emergency, people in the plane often need to look out for reference points.Having visual awareness is important and in a windowless jet, they don't exist — especially if there is an electrical fault which then means that the ‘electric’ windows do not work and you can't see outside.” Ahmad was also concerned about passenger comfort.“Passengers simply do love the natural view outside，” he says.“There are also other problems — the change involved would certainly require new tests.”
Other futuristic airplane designs are going the opposite way.Boeing's Dreamliner — its most modern design — features large windows.Airbus has also designed a plane with transparent (透明的) walls that is presented at the 2011 Paris Air Show.Embraer has planned the Kyoto cabin, designed for its Lineage 1000E aircraft, which features large windows running along the majority of the walls of the cabin.
There could also be a move towards pilotless planes in the future — but Ahmad applies his doubts about windowless planes to drone flown (无人驾驶的) planes, too.“The idea of windowless planes is possible — that doesn't mean it will happen，” says Ahmad.“The same applies to drone technology — but that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了迪拜阿联酋航空公司的一项新设计。
8．What will Emirates' new planes be like
A．They will be pilotless.
B．They will have open windows.
C．They will present outside views on virtual windows.
D．They will provide all passengers with windowless experiences.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，头等舱乘客将不再能看到真实的云和天空，而是能透过“虚拟窗口”欣赏窗外的世界。阿联酋航空的“窗口”使用实时高科技摄像机技术，提供外部世界的虚拟视图。即阿联酋航空的新飞机将在虚拟窗口上显示外部视图，故选C项。
9．What does Saj Ahmad think of the virtual windows
A．Useful. B．Expensive.
C．Impractical. D．Comfortable.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great — however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.”可知，Saj Ahmad认为虚拟窗口是不现实的。故选C项。
10．How is the third paragraph developed
A．By giving examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following space order.
D．By explaining cause and effect.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，波音的梦幻客机是其最现代的设计，它的特点是大窗户。空中客车公司还设计了一种透明的飞机，在2011年巴黎航空展上展出。Embraer为其世系1000E飞机设计了Kyoto机舱，机舱的大部分墙壁上都有大窗户。由此可知，第三段是通过举例子来分析问题。故选A项。
11．What is the future of drone technology according to Saj Ahmad
A．It needs more skilled engineers.
B．It will take time to develop.
C．It will be widely applied.
D．It is promising.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中The idea of windowless planes is possible — that doesn't mean it will happen和The same applies to drone technology — but that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.可知，根据Saj Ahmad的说法，无人机技术的未来需要时间来研发。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Light in a Bottle
This is such a simple idea! It's a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run.It wasn't invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago.In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity. 1 One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency.One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun.This made Moser think. 2
All you need is a clean plastic bottle.Fill it with water and close it with a black top.The black top attracts the sun.A drop of bleach (漂白剂), the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean.Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole. 3 It's much stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbors and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket.Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Moser's idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!
A．Why not use water to make light
B．In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.
C．Moser was very good at making things around the home.
D．People's homes and small businesses were often left in the dark.
E．Following Moser's method, the organization started making lamps in 2011.
F．While there's sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.
G．MyShelter also offers training for people who want to earn money by fixing the lamps in their communities.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莫泽发明了莫泽灯以及它给人们带来的便利。
1．选D 根据前句In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity.可知，D项(人们的家和小企业经常处在黑暗中)与上文相呼应。D项中dark与上文中had problems with electricity相照应。
2．选A 根据前句This made Moser think.可知，A项(为什么不用水来发光呢)承接上文，且A选项的问句形式与上文中的think相照应。
3．选F 根据前文Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole.可知，F项(当外面有阳光的时候，光线会通过水进入下面的房间)解释前文开小洞的原因。
4．选E 结合后文Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too.可知，E项(按照莫泽的方法，该组织于2011年开始生产灯具)引出后文的结果。
5．选B 根据前文可知，B项(在印度，瓶子被用在乡下学校)和前文都介绍的是莫泽灯的广泛应用。B项中的In India与上文中的other countries相照应。
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