(共60张PPT)
A鱼Developing ideas
The Little Prince
Once when I was six years old I saw a magnificent① picture in a book, [1]called True Stories from Nature, about the primeval② forest.It was a picture of a boa constrictor③ in the act of④ swallowing⑤ an animal.Here is a copy of the drawing.
[1]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词a book。
In the book it said：“Boa constrictors swallow their prey⑥ whole, without chewing⑦ it.After that they are not able to move, and they sleep through the six months [2]that they need for digestion⑧.”
[2]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the six months，that在从句中作宾语。
I pondered⑨ deeply, then, over the adventures of the jungle⑩.And after some work with a colored pencil I succeeded in making my first drawing.My Drawing Number One.It looked like this：
I showed my masterpiece to the grown ups ， and asked them [3]whether the drawing frightened them.
[3]whether引导宾语从句。
But they answered：“Frighten Why should anyone be frightened by a hat？”
My drawing was not a picture of a hat.It was a picture of a boa constrictor [4]digesting an elephant.But [5]since the grown ups were not able to understand it, I made another drawing：I drew the inside of the boa constrictor, [6]so that the grown ups could see it clearly.[7]They always need to have things explained.My Drawing Number Two looked like this：
[4]现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a boa constrictor。
[5]since引导原因状语从句。
[6]so that引导目的状语从句。
[7]本句中have things explained为“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中过去分词explained作宾语补足语。
The grown ups' response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, whether from the inside or the outside, and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar.[8]That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and my Drawing Number Two.Grown ups never understand anything by themselves ， and [9]it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.
[8]That is why ...意为“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句；what引导宾语从句。
[9]本句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to be always and forever explaining things to them作真正的主语。
So then I chose another profession， and learned to pilot airplanes.I have flown a little over all parts of the world; and it is true that geography has been very useful to me.At a glance I can distinguish China from Arizona.If one gets lost in the night, such knowledge is valuable.
In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people [10]who have been concerned with matters of consequence.I have lived a great deal among grown ups.I have seen them intimately， close at hand.And that hasn't much improved my opinion of them.
[10]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a great many people。
[11]Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clear sighted, I tried the experiment of showing him my Drawing Number One, which I have always kept. I would try to find out, so, if this was a person of true understanding.But, [12]whoever it was, he, or she, would always say：
“That is a hat.”
[11]本句为主从复合句。其中Whenever引导让步状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰代词them；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Drawing Number One。
[12]whoever引导让步状语从句。
Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictors, or primeval forests, or stars. I would bring myself down to his level.I would talk to him about bridge, and golf， and politics , and neckties.And the grown up would be greatly pleased to have met such a sensible man.
(Excerpt from The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint Exupéry),
①magnificent adj. 令人印象深刻的；宏伟的；壮丽的
②primeval adj. 原始的，远古的
primeval forest 原始森林
③boa constrictor 蟒蛇
④in the act of 正在做……
⑤swallow v. 吞下，咽下
⑥prey n. 猎物
⑦chew v. 咀嚼
⑧digestion n. 消化(过程)
⑨ponder v. 仔细考虑，深思
ponder over 仔细考虑
⑩jungle n. (热带)丛林，密林
masterpiece n. 杰作
grown up n. 大人，成人
frighten v. 使惊吓，使惊恐
digest v. 消化(食物)
lay aside 把……搁置一边
devote oneself to 致力于，献身于
arithmetic n. 算术
disheartened adj. 沮丧的，灰心的
by oneself 单独地， 独自地
tiresome adj. 烦人的，令人厌烦的
profession n. 职业，行业
pilot v. 驾驶(飞行器)；领航(船只)
at a glance 一瞥， 看一眼
distinguish v. 区分，辨别
distinguish ... from ...区分……和……
have an encounter with 遇到……，与……狭路相逢
consequence n. 后果
intimately adv. 亲密地，密切地
close at hand 在附近，近在咫尺
golf n. 高尔夫球运动
politics n. 政治
necktie n. 领带
sensible adj. 明智的，理智的
[参考译文]
小王子
我六岁的时候在一本书里看到了一张非常震撼的图。书的名字是《大自然的真实故事》，讲的是原始森林。那张图片上有一条蟒蛇正在吞掉一只动物。这是那张图的摹本：
书上写着：“蟒蛇把猎物整个吞下，完全不咀嚼。吞下以后，蟒蛇就动不了了。消化食物需要六个月，因此蟒蛇就睡六个月。”
那个时候，我深深地思考着原始丛林里的奇遇。我用一支彩色铅笔，成功画出了我的第一幅画作。我的“一号画作”是这样的：
我把我的杰作给大人看，问他们有没有被我的画吓到。
但他们回答说：“吓到？为什么有人会被一顶帽子吓到？”
我画的不是帽子，而是一条正在消化一头大象的蟒蛇。但由于大人们没有看懂，我又画了一幅：我画出了蟒蛇身体的内部，这样大人就能看清楚了。所有事情都非要你跟他们解释清楚他们才能懂。我的“二号画作”是这样的：
这次，大人的回答是建议我把不管是蟒蛇内部还是外部的画都放到一边，然后转而专心学习地理、历史、算术和语法。所以，六岁的时候，我放弃了可能会十分辉煌的画家职业道路。“一号画作”和“二号画作”的失败使我心灰意冷。大人从来没法自己弄懂任何事情，小孩永远要给他们解释是很辛苦的。
所以后来我选了另一个职业，我开始学习驾驶飞机。世界上每个地方我差不多都去过；地理对我确实很有用。我一眼就能分辨中国和亚利桑那州。如果晚上迷路了，这样的知识很有价值。
在生命历程中，我多次遇到过很多关心大事的人。我在大人之中生活了很久。我密切地观察过他们，近在咫尺地看过。然而我对他们的看法还是没有改观。
每一次我遇到一个看上去头脑完全清楚的大人，我都会给他看我一直带着的“一号画作”，想看看这个人是不是能真正地理解。但是，不论这个人是谁，他(她)总是会说：
“那是顶帽子。”
然后我就不再跟那个人聊任何有关蟒蛇、原始森林或是星星的事情了。我就会把自己降低到他的层次，跟他聊桥梁、高尔夫、政治、领带。而这个大人就会很高兴能遇到这样一个明智的人。
(节选自安托万·德·圣埃克苏佩里的《小王子》)
Step One：Pre reading
Have you ever read The Little Prince before What do you think you should know when reading a story？Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.
□The author.
□The main characters.
□The plot.
□The author's personal experience.
□Other people's comments on it.
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
Which of the following can best describe the meaning of the story
A．Improve yourself and become a better person.
B．Adults have no responsibility to understand the children.
C．Adults focus on practical matters only and seldom pay attention to imagination or creativity.
D．Children should communicate with adults more to understand them well.
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What do grown ups think the writer's Drawing Number One is about
A．An elephant. B．A cat.
C．A hat. D．A boa constrictor.
2．How did the writer feel after the failure of his Drawing Number Two
A．Disheartened. B．Encouraged.
C．Pleased. D．Frightened.
3．What profession did the writer choose when he grew up
A．A pilot. B．An engineer.
C．A doctor. D．An advisor.
4．What gave him help in his profession
A．His painting of a boa constrictor.
B．Geography knowledge.
C．The experiment of showing others his painting.
D．The bridge, golf, politics and neckties.
答案：1～4 CAAB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I saw a magnificent picture in a book,1.called (call) True Stories from Nature, about the primeval forest when I was at the age of 6.It was a picture of a boa constrictor in the act of 2.swallowing (swallow) an animal.So I began to draw my picture.
My Drawing Number One was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting 3.an elephant, but the grown ups believed it to be a hat.My Drawing Number Two was about the inside of the boa constrictor, so that the grown ups could see it 4.clearly (clear)．However, the grown ups advised me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors and devote myself instead 5.to other fields.That is 6.why I gave up painting when I was 6 years old.I think many people lack 7.imagination (imagine) and only care about matters of consequence.
Later, I 8.chose (choose) to work as a pilot.In the course of this life, whenever I met one grown up who seemed 9.to be (be) clear sighted, I showed my Drawing Number One to him.If the person thought that was a hat, I would never talk to him about boa constrictors, or primeval forests, or stars.I would bring myself down to his level.And the grown up would be greatly 10.pleased (please) to have met such a sensible man.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．join the golf club 加入高尔夫俱乐部
2．ponder over his words 仔细考虑他的话
3．chew food well 细嚼食物
4．the world's biggest airline 世界上最大的航空公司
5．a masterpiece of Chinese literature 中国文学的一部杰作
6．bury the prey beneath the ground 把猎物埋藏在地下
7．quit the tiresome job 辞去这份烦人的工作
8．distance himself from politics 使他自己置身于政治之外
9．a necessary consequence of progress 发展的必然结果
10．This kind of food is difficult to digest so it takes longer time of digestion.(digest)
11．It is evident that he has no evidence to prove his honesty.(evident)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．以t结尾的形容词变t为ce构成名词
①absent→absence ②confident→confidence
③evident→evidence ④important→importance
⑤silent→silence ⑥significant→significance
⑦patient→patience ⑧violent→violence
2．以line结尾的单词
①outline n. 轮廓；大纲
②underline v. 在词下画线；强调
③deadline n. 最后期限；截止期限
④guideline n. 指导方针；指导原则
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．It's normal for you to feel nervous when you give a speech for the first time (第一次)．
2．At the age of (在……岁时) five, he showed exceptional talent as a musician.
3．Let's lay aside (把……搁置一边) our differences and try to reach a compromise.
4．When I graduate, I will devote myself to (致力于) the cause of education.
5．She could tell at a glance (看一眼) that he was not happy.
6．Once they have made up their mind, they will never give up (放弃)．
7．We are close at hand (近在咫尺), but we can not see each other.
8．I caught him in the act of (正在) reading my private letters.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] He spent much of his life flying and writing about his adventures.
[句式分析] spend＋一段时间＋(in) doing sth. 花……时间做某事
[佳句仿写] She spends hours chatting with her friends on the telephone every day.
她每天花费数小时的时间在电话上与她的朋友聊天。
2．[教材原句] They always need to have things explained.
[句式分析] have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[佳句仿写] I'll have my hair cut this afternoon.
我今天下午要理发。
3．[教材原句] That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
[句式分析] This/That is why ... 这/那就是……的原因
[佳句仿写] He studies very hard.This is why he always gets high marks in exams.
他学习很努力。这就是他考试总是得高分的原因。
1．digest v．消化(食物)；理解，领悟，领会 n．文摘，摘要
(教材P8)It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.
它是一张正在消化一头大象的蟒蛇的图片。
(1)digest food 消化食物
digest the information 理解这个信息
(2)digestion n. 消化(过程)，消化能力
(经典佳句)Reading without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
阅读不思考犹如吃饭不消化。
[练透] 一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)
①You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.v.消化
②This chapter is so difficult to digest that I shall have to read it again later.v.领悟，理解
③A digest is a collection of pieces of writing.n.文摘
[写美] 完成句子
④Ever since her illness, she has a poor digestion.
自生病后，她的消化能力很弱。
2．lay aside 把……搁置一边；储存……以备后用；放下，抛开(情感或信仰)
(教材P9)The grown ups' response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, whether from the inside or the outside, and devote myself instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar.
这次，大人的回答是建议我把不管是蟒蛇内部还是外部的画都放到一边，然后转而专心学习地理、历史、算术和语法。
lay down 放下，搁下；制定，颁布
lay on (尤指慷慨或盛情地)提供(食物、娱乐、服务等)
lay off 辞退，解雇，使下岗
lay out 铺开，展开；阐述，讲解；规划，设计(场地或建筑)
(经典佳句)Let's lay aside the minor differences for the sake of peace.
为了和平，让我们把一些小的分歧搁置一边。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Lay down your weapon and do as I say or I will kill you.
②Whenever their friends come, the couple always lay on the best food that they can offer.
③The factory has laid off some workers because of the drop in sales.
④All the judges listened carefully as Tom laid out his plan.
[写美] 完成句子
⑤Most Chinese people will lay aside money for a rainy day.
大多数中国人都会存钱以备不时之需。
[名师指津] lay的现在分词为laying，过去式和过去分词为laid。
3．consequence n．后果
(教材P9)In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been concerned with matters of consequence.
在生命历程中，我多次遇到过很多关心大事的人。
(1)as a consequence＝in consequence 因此，结果
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于……
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此；所以
(经典佳句)Be careful of what you say, for it will find its echo; be careful of what you do, for it will show its consequence.
慎尔言，将有和之；慎尔行，将有随之。
[练透] 单句语法填空/选词填空：as a consequence, as a consequence of
①They've increased the number of staff and consequently (consequent) the service is much better now.
②A severe flood struck the city and there was a consequent (consequence) shortage of food.
③As a consequence of his carelessness, he always makes some mistakes in the exams.
④He was always diligent in his study and as a consequence, he received high marks.
[写美] 一句多译
⑤昨天下雨了，结果比赛被取消了。
→It rained yesterday and in consequence, the match was cancelled.
→It rained yesterday and as a consequence, the match was cancelled.
4．evidence n．证据
(教材P10)Choose the author's attitude towards grown ups and find evidence to support your choice.
选择作者对成年人的态度，并找到证据来支持你的选择。
(1)evidence of/for sth. 某事/物的证据
There is evidence that ... 有证据证明……(that引导同位语从句)
(2)evident adj. 清楚的，显而易见的，显然的
It is evident that ... 显然……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地，显然地
(经典佳句)There is convincing evidence of a link between strong exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①At present we have no evidence of/for life on other planets.
②There is convincing evidence that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
③Evidently (evident), she had nothing to do with the whole affair.
[写美] 完成句子
④It is evident that in competitive society there are both losers and winners.
显然，在竞争激烈的社会中，输家和赢家并存。
5．conclusion n．结论
(教材P11)Conclusion and recommendation
结论与推荐
(1)in conclusion 总之；最后
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
(2)conclude v. (使)结束，终止；断定，推断，得出结论
conclude (...) with ... 以……结束(……)
conclude from sth. that ... 从某事中推断出……
to conclude 总之；最后
(经典佳句)I drew a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will, there is a way.
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I've come to the conclusion (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.
②He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
③The concert began with the national anthem and concluded with a piece of soft music.
[写美] 一句多译
④总之，中国愿同各国一道，共同建设和共享和平繁荣的美好未来。
→In conclusion, China is ready to work with all other countries to build and share a bright future of peace and prosperity.
→To conclude, China is ready to work with all other countries to build and share a bright future of peace and prosperity.
1．句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(教材P8)They always need to have things explained.
所有事情都非要你跟他们解释清楚他们才能慬。
(1)have sth. done 使某事完成；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；
让/叫别人做某事
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
(2)have sth. to do 有某事要做(主语自己做)
have sth. to be done 有某事要做(不是主语自己做)
(经典佳句)I had my wallet stolen on my way home last Monday.
上周一在我回家的路上，我的钱包被偷了。
[练透] 单句语法填空/根据汉语提示补全句子
①Mrs Smith had two of her bad teeth taken (take) out last week to relieve her pain.
②The teacher has us hand (hand) in our homework before 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
③You should go home quickly.Don't have your mother waiting (让你妈妈一直等着) all the time.
④I can't go with you, because I have a lot of homework to do (有很多家庭作业要做)．
⑤“Do you have any clothes to be washed (有衣服要洗)？” the servant asked her master.
[写美] 句型转换
⑥We must finish the work before the hurricane comes.
→We must have the work finished before the hurricane comes.(用“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构改写)
2．句型公式：That/This is why ... 句型
(教材P9)That is why, at the age of six, I gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
所以，六岁的时候，我放弃了可能会十分辉煌的画家职业道路。
(1)That/This is/was why ... 这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)
(2)That/It is/was because ... 这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)
(3)The reason why ... is/was that ... ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)
(经典佳句)He stayed up late into the night yesterday.That is why he is very tired.
他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。那就是为什么他很疲惫的原因。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Jack was late for school.That is because he got up late this morning.
②The reason why she must stay at home is that she has to look after her sick mother.
[写美] 句型转换
③The earth looks blue from the space because 71 percent of its surface is covered with water.
→71 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water.That is why it looks blue from the space.
→The reason why the earth looks blue from the space is that 71 percent of its surface is covered with water.
PAGE
12Developing ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One way to prevent anxiety from getting out of control is to recognize its benefits.It is a mistake to think that we'd make better decisions if we only keep our feelings under control.Instead, a mix of feelings like anxiety and logical thinking leads to sound decision making. It's true that there is plenty of research showing that higher levels of anxiety can make us more likely to avoid risks in our decision making.There is also evidence that anxiety can increase the attention you pay to relevant information.
Recent studies have shown that people who are anxious about their relationship (for example, they fear to be abandoned) tend to be better at recognizing people who tell lies and are more likely to raise the alarm when danger is present.
In the real world, it's worth realizing that feeling anxious once in a while is extremely common.It tells others that you care, and what's more, it's probably a sign that you are intelligent.At least two published studies have identified that people who score higher on measures of anxiety also tend to perform better on intelligence tests.This seems reasonable：if you're a thinker, you are sure to be always thinking about the future and imagine possible plots, including bad ones.
The important thing, if you are a worrywart (自寻烦恼的人), is not to let your fear destroy your dreams.And don't bury your head in the sand.Instead, act on your fears — do the research as well as preparation, so rather than walking blindly into what you fear, you will meet the challenge in full readiness.
When anxiety beats you, or casts a shadow over your life, this is a serious problem.No one is denying that.But like everyday anxiety of this kind that you feel before a presentation or an interview, you needn't see it as your enemy.Anxiety is an important feeling, developed through evolution.As for people who are fairly anxious by nature, there is reason for cheer, too.Your nerves (神经紧张) are a sign of your watchfulness.Listen to them and act on them.Then you can turn your nervousness into your advantage.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了焦虑能够带来一些意想不到的好处，并介绍了面对焦虑人们应该采取怎样的态度来获得这些好处。
1．What can we infer from the first paragraph about anxiety
A．It can enable us to be more focused.
B．It can stop us from thinking logically.
C．It can make us more willing to take risks.
D．It can be the only reason for all bad decisions.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的There is also evidence that anxiety can increase the attention you pay to relevant information.可知，焦虑会增加你对相关信息的注意力。
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Anxious people are less sensitive to danger.
B．Anxious people have difficulty discovering liars.
C．Feeling anxious is more likely to put people at risk.
D．Feeling anxious occasionally is a sign of intelligence.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的it's probably a sign that you are intelligent和people who score higher on measures of anxiety also tend to perform better on intelligence tests可知，在焦虑测试中得分较高的人，在智力测试中往往表现得更好，也就是说焦虑可能是聪明的表现。
3．How should we deal with anxiety in the author's opinion
A．Regard it as our enemy.
B．Take action to control it.
C．Avoid being defeated by it.
D．Treat it as a minor feeling.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句The important thing, if you are a worrywart (自寻烦恼的人)，is not to let your fear destroy your dreams.可知，作者认为自寻烦恼的人最重要的是不要让恐惧摧毁梦想，C选项(避免被焦虑打败)与信息句意义一致。
4．What is the theme of the passage
A．Effective ways to prevent anxiety.
B．Unexpected benefits of anxiety.
C．Tips on how to keep a good mood.
D．Common misunderstandings about anxiety.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，焦虑有降低决策风险，让人更善于识别说谎的人，让人在危险出现时更有可能发出警报等好处，且焦虑可能是聪明、警惕的表现，由此可知，这篇文章的主题是焦虑带来的意想不到的好处。
B
It's natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to New Science.
In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7.The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset” (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset” (believing that your intelligence is unable to change)．They then asked the children to complete a fast paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.
Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.
While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn't want to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to — “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes.“The main implication here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn study，” author Hans Schroder told Science Daily.
For parents, the lessons are clear — if a child hands you an A＋ test, don't say “You're so smart！”
Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off！” or “You clearly mastered this material — way to go！” Note the effort, not the intelligence.
Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn.Many teachers and parents avoid addressing children's mistakes, telling them “It's OK.You'll get it next time ...” Without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong.Dr Schroder says, “Instead, it's better to reassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现表扬孩子可能造成不好的结果。对于孩子的优秀表现，家长应该肯定他的努力付出得到了回报，而非夸赞他的聪明；对于孩子的错误，要让他明白究竟是什么地方错了，怎么错的。
5．What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Make a loud noise.
B．Leave a good impression.
C．Have an opposite result.
D．Produce an explosion.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子中的It's natural for parents to praise their children可知，对于父母来说表扬孩子是很自然的事；由but可知前后句是转折关系，故推测offering this praise could actually backfire意为“这种表扬事实上会适得其反”，故画线词的意思是“造成不好的结果”。故选C项(有相反的结果)。
6．According to the text, which one belongs to the group who has a “growth mindset”？
A．Tom manages to correct every mistake by heart.
B．Mary believes her mistakes are made by chance.
C．John keeps an idea that he has a good gift for studying.
D．Lily thinks she can get A＋ without any effort.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.可知，具有成长心态的孩子更有可能在犯错后，脑反应更大，而且反过来更有可能通过多加关注他们的任务来改善自己的表现。A项(汤姆用心纠正自己的错误)符合具有成长心态孩子的特点。
7．If your child gets the best mark in the test, what should you do
A．You should praise him with some delicious food and money.
B．You should comment him to be cleverer than other students.
C．You should confirm his effort that he has made for the test.
D．You should believe that he is an honest and smart child.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，当孩子考试成绩优异时，家长应该说“你的付出得到了回报！”或者“你清楚地掌握了这些知识，继续努力！”要肯定他的付出，而非他的聪明。故C项(你应该肯定他为考试做出的努力)符合题意。
8．What should parents do with the child's mistakes from Dr Schroder
A．Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes.
B．Parents should compare his mistakes with others' and criticize him.
C．Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better.
D．Parents should analyse the mistakes with their child patiently.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Instead, it's better to reassure children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes.可知，当孩子犯错时，家长最好告诉孩子错误已经发生了，并且和孩子一起弄清楚什么地方错了，如何错的。故D项(父母应该和孩子一起耐心地分析错误)符合题意。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
More and more frequently, classes, training for businesses, and personal development courses are offered online. 1
Set a daily schedule. 2 Additionally, setting starting and stopping points can make studying seem less frightening.Break down each subject and task into small parts and make a schedule to complete each of these smaller tasks.
Use a specific study place.Set aside an area in your home only for study. 3 As a result, they will try to avoid too much noise.Additionally, it is easier for you to focus your attention on studying and avoid distractions (分心)．If you find it impossible to study at home without distraction, try to find a good spot at a local library.Libraries are quiet, adequately lit, and free from distractions.
4 The biggest mistake made by students who want to study online is not using a reliable, fast internet service.This is important to get all the necessary documents, course schedules, and other information throughout the class.
Avoid non study websites.Don't let temptation (诱惑) to visit social media, check email, and click the latest top ten list turn your attention away from studying.
Set a time limit for yourself.Use a timer to track time spent on non course websites, and limit yourself to five minutes at a time. 5
A．Make sure your internet connection is reliable.
B．It's also important to step away every so often.
C．Studying at the same time every day helps you focus.
D．This lets people know you are studying when you're there.
E．If you're new to online studying，here are some tips for you.
F．If you need a little extra help，there are a number of websites and apps that can help.
G．It's good to take breaks，but make sure you know how long you're spending on breaks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章为读者提供了一些在线学习的建议。
1．选E 根据上文More and more frequently, classes, training for businesses, and personal development courses are offered online.及下文可知，下文每个小段都给出了一些在线学习的小建议。故本空应选E项(如果对于在线学习你是新手，这里有一些提示给你)。
2．选C 根据本段主题句Set a daily schedule.可知，本段介绍的是：要制定每天的时间表。再根据下文 Additionally, setting starting and stopping points can make studying seem less frightening.可知，确定开始和结束的时间可以使我们的学习更加容易一些。故本空应选C项(每天在同一时间学习有助于你集中精力)。
3．选D 根据空前句Set aside an area in your home only for study.及空后句As a result, they will try to avoid too much noise.可知，本空应选D项(你在那里待着的时候，大家就知道你在学习)。下文中的they指代D项中的people，D项中的there指的是前文中的study place。
4．选A 根据下文The biggest mistake made by students who want to study online is not using a reliable，fast internet service.可知，本段在讲网络在网上学习中扮演的重要作用，故本空应选A项(确保你的互联网连接可靠)。
5．选G 根据空前句Set a time limit for yourself.Use a timer to track time spent on non course websites，and limit yourself to five minutes at a time.可知，本空要说明的是：控制非学习时间，即休息时间。故本空应选G项(休息是可以的，但要确保你知道你要休息多久)。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你们学校下周将举办成人礼，校长要求每个同学写一封信给自己的父母，信的内容大致如下：
1．成长与收获；
2．表达感恩；
3．继续努力。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear dad and mom，
Yours loving boy，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear dad and mom，
How time flies! Today I will become a real adult so I'm writing to convey my deepest gratitude and love to you.
During these years, I gradually gained a lot of confidence from your companion and encouragement.I still remember when I failed in maths exams and even tended to give it up, you just patted me on the shoulder and inspired me to keep on.
Dad and mom, I will spare no effort to pursue my dream and try my best to live up to your expectation.
Love you forever!
Yours loving boy，
Li Hua
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