(共67张PPT)
单元知抢先知
素养目标
(主题语境:人与社会——新旧时代社会和生活等方面的对比及改变
文化意
了解人类创新和
必记单词
科技进步对社会发展
的推动作用,学习用 decade
initiative
发展的眼光看待问题, elderly
solid
用审辩式思维来看待 sympathy
economIc
重点短语
身边的各种变化。
bunch
occupation
思维品质
dusty
cafeteria
drop in/by
培养创新意识,
shelf
component
经典句型
以积极的心态面对各
furniture
category a bunch of
种社会变化,形成正
mist
expand
1.“the+时间名词”
wave goodbye to
确的世界观、人生观
brick
emotional
引导状语从句
saleswoman intention
take over
和价值观
2关系副词引导的核心语法
学习能力
leadership adaptation pop up
定语从句
通过运用各种学
organIc
accessible be limited to
3.现在分词短语作
过去进
习策略,在自主学习、
jazz
soul
状语
行时的
humble
tendency for the first time
合作学习与探究式学
被动语态
习的过程中,不断监
compete
facilitate have an advantage over4. before引导时间
educator
控、评价、反思和调
emphasise
for good
状语从句
话题写作
整自己的学习内容和
reconstruction secondary
5.“主语+be+形容
Jounalist
urgently in good hands
进程,提高自己的理
写一篇
era
convincing
词+todo”句型
解和表达能力。
pave the way
6.“疑问词+不定式”
有关变
reform
alongside
语言能力匚
tear down
结构
化的文章
单元话
题导入
A鱼Starting out & Understanding ideas
For many physical bookstores, the annual Shanghai Book Fair provides a great opportunity to promote their business with offline activities, an effective way to attract readers and counteract (抵抗) the challenges brought by online sales.
Xinhua Bookstore in Jiading's Robinsons Galleria shopping mall held a signing session (签售会) by calligrapher Qian Jianzhong as part of the fair.People who were there bought books at the bookstore.“Although it is impossible to greatly increase the sales volume of books, these activities make more readers willing to walk into physical bookstores，” said Zhang Wei, manager of the store's Jiading outlet (专营店)．
“We have established a WeChat community to recommend new books, preview activities, release discount information and provide booking services，” Zhang said.
Next, the bookstore will explore online broadcasts and other ways to further expand the influence of physical stores.
Zhu Haifang, from the Zhongshuge bookstore, said it is seeking cooperation with other brands to create cultural and creative products such as bookmarks, notebooks and refrigerator stickers and will develop its own unique products in the future.
Many people are willing to pay the bill for this cultural and creative products in the bookstore.“If the bookstore doesn't provide a good environment and drinks, I'd rather buy books online and read books at home.My motivation to go to the bookstore is to enjoy the atmosphere of immersive (沉浸式的) reading，” said a resident surnamed Huang.
[理解] Read the passage and answer the following questions.1．What measures did Xinhua Bookstore in Jiading's Robinsons Galleria shopping mall take to increase the sales volume of books It held a signing session and established a WeChat community.2．Why does the resident surnamed Huang want to go to the bookstore To enjoy the atmosphere of immersive reading. [积累] 1．physical bookstore 实体书店2．annual adj. 每年的3．fair n. 商品交易会，展销会4．promote v. 促销，推销5．seek cooperation 寻求合作
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
A New Chapter
[1]The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken①.The bookstore, [2]which was a legendary② fixture③ in the neighborhood, was a place [3]where anyone could drop in④ and connect through their love of books.
[1]The day引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句。
[2]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰The bookstore。
[3]where引导定语从句，修饰a place。
When I hurried to the store, I saw [4]that the books were already being packed into⑤ boxes.I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly⑥ owner.[5]Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run⑦ an independent bookstore.Most young people preferred reading e books on tablets⑧.More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores and online discounts⑨.I tried to think of some words of sympathy⑩， but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
[4]that引导宾语从句，作动词saw的宾语。
[5]现在分词短语作伴随状语。
Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, [6]as if the events had happened only yesterday.A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school.We'd look at the new books, or just chat with Old Casey.He knew every book in the store and would always pick the perfect one for us from a dusty shelf .We spent hours reading, [7]seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture .Casey encouraged us to share our ideas and comments on the books, by writing them on a large board in one corner of the store.
[6]as if意为“似乎，好像”，引导状语从句，从句使用过去完成时，表示和过去相反的事实。
[7]过去分词短语作状语。
When I left the bookstore, it was becoming cold and dark outside.I turned to wave goodbye to Casey, but both he and his bookstore were already hidden in a thick mist .It made me realize that the bookstore and all [8]that Old Casey had given to the community could soon disappear for good .
[8]that引导定语从句，修饰代词all。
A few months later, I was back in the neighborhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business.Its old brick exterior hadn't changed, but inside it was like a different world.In one area, a book reading was being delivered.Nearby, customers were poring over shelves [9]selling stationery， posters and other best seller themed gifts.The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, [10]where customers' comments on the month's best seller were being displayed.Clearly, the Rainbow Bookstore was in good, creative hands.
[9]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词shelves。
[10]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰a big screen。
①heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的；心碎的
②legendary adj.大名鼎鼎的，传奇式的
③fixture n．固定存在物
④drop in顺道拜访；突然拜访
⑤be packed into被塞进……，挤进……
⑥elderly adj.年老的
⑦run v．经营，管理
⑧tablet n．平板电脑
⑨discount n．折扣
⑩sympathy n．同情
stay in business维持营业，维持生意
bunch n．一群，一伙
a bunch of一群
drop by顺道拜访，造访
dusty adj.布满灰尘的
shelf n．搁板，架子
furniture n．家具
wave goodbye to向……说再见，向……挥手告别
mist n．薄雾，雾霭
for good永远，永久
brick n．砖，砖块
exterior n．外部，外观
deliver v．作(讲座)；发表(讲话)
pore v．专心阅读，钻研
stationery n．文具
replace v．代替，取代
display v．显示；展出
in good hands 在可靠(或内行)的人手里，受到很好的照料(或关注)
I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign [11]to save the Rainbow Bookstore.The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman [12]who had grown up in the neighborhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
[11]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[12]两个who都引导定语从句，修饰名词saleswoman。
Under Jennifer's leadership， the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature loving members of the community to get together.It had a café [13]selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as book readings, poetry recitals and even jazz concerts and movie nights, [14]where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded.
[13]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词café。
[14]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰community events；that引导定语从句，修饰名词experience。
I joined Casey, [15]who was looking up at the screen on which readers' comments kept popping up.“Well, as you can see, corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! I'm so pleased to see [16]that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here.”
[15]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Casey；on which引导定语从句，修饰the screen。
[16]that引导宾语从句；I wanted it to offer to the community为定语从句，修饰代词everything，其前省略了关系代词that。
saleswoman n．女销售员
take over接收，接管
leadership n．领导；领导地位
under sb.'s leadership 在某人的领导下
organic adj.有机的；绿色的
recital n．朗诵会
jazz n．爵士乐
pop up突然出现，冒出来
corporate adj.全体的；共同的
humble adj.简陋的
[参考译文]
新的篇章
听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要停业的那天，我的心都要碎了。这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
我匆匆赶到书店，看到那些书已经装箱了。我和老店主凯西聊了很久。他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营独立书店越来越难。大多数年轻人更喜欢用平板电脑读电子书。越来越多的顾客被连锁店和网店的折扣吸引。我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确开不下去了。
童年的回忆清晰地浮现在我的脑海里，好像那些事就发生在昨天。我们这群孩子放学后经常去书店。我们会看看新书，或者只是与老凯西聊几句。他对店里每本书都了如指掌，总能从落了灰的架子上挑一本最好的书给我们。我们会坐在店里陈旧而舒适的家具上，读上好几个钟头的书。凯西鼓励我们把对书的想法和评论分享出来，写在书店一角的大板子上。
我离开书店的时候，外面已又冷又黑。我转身向凯西挥手告别，但他和书店都已经消失在浓雾中。这让我意识到，书店和老凯西给社区带来的一切都将很快消失殆尽。
几个月后，我在春假期间回到了社区，却惊奇地发现彩虹书店仍然伫立在那里，并且还在营业。它外面的旧砖瓦丝毫未变，但里面却像一个不同的世界。店里开辟了一片阅读区。在阅读区附近，顾客们在货架前仔细地挑选着文具、海报和其他畅销主题的礼品。之前书店角落里的大板子换成了一个大屏幕，顾客对本月畅销书的评论展现在上面。显然，彩虹书店经营有方，富有创意。
我听说是社区决定发起团结协作拯救彩虹书店的活动。这次活动由珍妮弗·奥克利领导，她是一位售货员，从小在社区长大，现在已经从凯西手中接手了书店。
在珍妮弗的领导下，这家书店变成了社区文学爱好者聚会的地方。书店里有咖啡馆，出售有机食品；现在还在这里举行更多的社区活动，比如读书会、诗歌朗诵会甚至是爵士音乐会和电影之夜。在这里，人们可以聚在一起分享体验，这种体验是无法从网上下载到的。
我凑到凯西旁边，他正看着大屏幕上不断出现的读者评论。“嗯，正如你所看到的，集体的智慧和创意把我这个简陋的书店带进了21世纪！我很高兴，我想让书店奉献给社区的一切都还在。”
Step One：Pre reading
If you need to buy a book, would you like to go to the physical store or buy it online What are the advantages of online bookstores Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.
□cheaper
□more convenient
□better quality
□better service
□a wider variety
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
The text mainly tells us the rebirth of the Rainbow Bookstore.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What was the author's reaction to the news that the Rainbow Bookstore would be closed
A．He felt it was something normal.
B．He was sad on hearing the news.
C．He took it as something impossible.
D．He had no idea what his feeling was inside.
2．Why did Casey decide to close the 50 year old bookstore
A．He was too old to work on.
B．The location would be used for other purposes.
C．It had fallen behind the development of times.
D．He had started a more profitable business.
3．What can we conclude about Jennifer Oakley
A．She is a capable and creative woman.
B．She knows what people's hobbies are.
C．She shows great sympathy for competitors.
D．She is always doing her part in her work.
4．What has made the old bookstore regain its popularity
A．The past memories in people's hearts.
B．The modern atmosphere and rich events.
C．The organic food provided by the store.
D．The discounts given to the customers.
答案：1～4 BCAB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business.When I hurried to the store, I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner.He told me 1.it was difficult to run an independent bookstore.More and more customers 2.were being attracted (attract) by chain stores and online discounts.Suddenly, childhood memories came back to me.A bunch of us kids would 3.frequently (frequent) drop by the store after school.We spent hours reading, 4.seated (seat) on the store's old but comfortable furniture.
When I left the bookstore, I realized that the bookstore and all that Old Casey 5.had given (given) to the community could soon disappear.A few months later, I was 6.surprised (surprise) to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business.Its old brick exterior hadn't changed, 7.but inside it was like a different world.I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign 8.to save (save) the Rainbow Bookstore.The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman 9.who had grown up in the neighborhood and had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature loving 10.members (member) of the community to get together.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．in the past decade 在过去的十年里
2．two elderly relatives 两位年老的亲戚
3．buy a smartphone and a tablet 购买一部智能手机和一台平板电脑
4．a saleswoman in the supermarket 这家超市的一名女销售员
5．ensure its leadership and competitiveness
确保它的领导地位和竞争力
6．organic vegetables 有机蔬菜
7．as a jazz singer 作为一名爵士乐歌手
8．a humble restaurant 一家简陋的餐馆
9．a brick wall 一面砖墙
10．on the top shelf 在架子的最上层
11．She is a sympathetic lady who always shows sympathy for the poor people.(sympathy)
12．The room is very dusty so please clean the dust on the floor.(dust)
13．The two athletes are competing for the gold medal.The result of the competition is hard to predict because the two competitors are both excellent and competitive.(compete)
14．After moving into his new flat, he furnished his house with many pieces of new furniture.(furnish)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
1．以ly结尾的形容词集合
①friendl 友爱的，友好的
②likely 可能的
③lively 精力充沛的，生气勃勃的
④lonely 孤独的，寂寞的
⑤lovely 可爱的，迷人的
⑥daily 每日的，日常的
2．“名词＋y变形容词”集锦
①cloud→cloudy 多云的
②wind→windy 刮风的
③health→healthy 健康的
④luck→lucky 幸运的
⑤guilt→guilty 有罪的
⑥wealth→wealthy 富裕的，有钱的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．A bunch of (一群) kids were standing at the school gate, waiting for their parents.
2．With the development of the society, many new words pop up (冒出来) in Chinese language.
3．Please drop in (顺道拜访) and have a cup of coffee when you are free.
4．All his clothes were packed into (被塞进) a suitcase and then he left.
5．I don't think this restaurant will stay in business (维持生意) very long.
6．As the bus left, Ann turned round and waved goodbye to (向……挥手告别) us.
7．He is hoping one of his sons will take over (接管) the business.
8．Under his leadership (在他的领导下), the company is becoming more and more prosperous.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken.
[句式分析] “the＋时间名词”引导状语从句
[佳句仿写] The day he returned home, he found his key lost.
他回家的那一天，他发现他的钥匙丢了。
2．[教材原句] The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
[句式分析] 关系副词引导的定语从句
[佳句仿写] This is a perfect place where you can relax yourself.
这是一个你可以放松自己的绝佳之地。
3．[教材原句] Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore.
[句式分析] 现在分词短语作状语
[佳句仿写] Standing here, I couldn't help recalling my happy childhood.
站在这里，我不禁回想起我快乐的童年。
1．fixture n．固定存在物
(教材P26)The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
(1)fix v． 使固定，安装；决定，确定(日期、时间、
数量等)；修理，校准
fix ...on ... 集中(目光、注意力、思想等)于
fix up 修理；安排；装置
(2)fixed adj. 固定的；不变的
(经典佳句)The price of the house includes all the fixtures and fittings in the house.
房屋价格包括房屋内的所有固定装置和附加设备。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①You should fix your attention on what the teacher is saying in class.
②It took the worker a whole day to fix up the broken machine.
③Generally speaking, your arrival shouldn't be later than the fixed (fix) time.
[写美] 完成句子
④The girl sat there quite silent and still, with her eyes fixed on the wall.
女孩静静地坐在那里，眼睛盯着墙上。
2．sympathy n．同情
(教材P26)I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确开不下去了。
(1)express/feel sympathy for sb. 对某人表达/感到同情
have (no) sympathy for sb. (不)同情某人
be in sympathy with 赞同，支持；和……一致
out of sympathy 出于同情
(2)sympathetic adj. 同情的，有同情心的，表示同情的；
赞同的，支持的
(经典佳句)He had great sympathy for the poor and the down trodden.
他非常同情穷人和受压迫者。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Hearing the bad news, I couldn't help feeling sympathy for the deaths in the accident.
②I am sure he will be in sympathy with the suggestion that you have come up with in the meeting.
③Her husband was sympathetic (sympathy) at first but his patience soon wore thin.
[写美] 完成句子
④Out of sympathy, he gave the poor child much help.
出于同情，他给了这个可怜的孩子很多帮助。
3．bunch n．一群，一伙；串，束，扎 v．(使)变紧；(使)成皱褶
(教材P26)A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school.
我们这群孩子放学后经常去书店。
(1)a bunch of 一群；一束；一扎
(2)the best/pick of the bunch 出类拔萃的人(或事 物)；精英；精品
(3)bunch up/together (使)集中，聚拢；(使)挤在一起
(经典佳句) He presented a bunch of flowers to the honored guest.
他向尊敬的客人献上一束花。
[练透] 一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空
①The girl bunched the flowers and sold them at two dollars each bunch.v.(使)变紧； n. 一束
②She picked a large bunch of flowers to decorate her room.
③The sheep bunched (bunch) together as soon as they saw the dog.
[写美] 完成句子
④The pears in this basket are the best/pick of the bunch: sweet, juicy and delicious.
这篮里的梨是这一批中的精品：美味多汁，香甜可口。
4．furniture n．家具
(教材P26～27) We spent hours reading, seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture.
我们会坐在店里陈旧而舒适的家具上，读上好几个钟头的书。
(1)furnish v． 布置；为(房间或建筑物)配备家具陈设
furnish ... with ... 用……装备……；向……提供/供应……
(2)furnished adj. 配备好装备的；带家具的
be furnished with ... 陈设着……，安装有……
(经典佳句)They made a clean sweep of their old furniture and replaced it with brand new pieces.
他们把旧家具全部去掉，换成全新的。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①All the furniture in my grandparents' room is (be) made of wood.
②My father liked to furnish his room with a great deal of Chinese style furniture.
③Though simply furnished (furnish), the room of my grandmother is very clean and tidy.
[写美] 完成句子
④The scientist's bedroom is furnished with the simplest furniture.
这位科学家的卧室里陈设着最简单的家具。
[名师指津] furniture是“家具”的总称，指室内的可移动的大件物品，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。如果要表示“量”，可用much, little, a little, a lot of或者lots of等修饰，但是绝不能用many, few, a few等修饰；如果要表示“数”，则可以用a piece of, an article/item of等修饰。
5．compete v．竞争
(教材P28) Traditional bookstores can't compete with large bookstore chains.
传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。
(1)compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for ... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛
in competition with 与……进行竞争
(3)competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
(经典佳句)Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
生命就像一场长跑比赛，我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自我。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①They found themselves competing with/against foreign companies for a share of the market.
②The athletes from all over the world competed for the gold medals.
③Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive (compete) market.
④We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
[写美] 完成句子
⑤Runners from many countries are competing with/against each other for the first gold medal.
来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为第一枚金牌而竞争。
句型公式：关系副词引导的定语从句
(教材P26)The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
关系副词 在从句中所作成分 先行词
when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 表时间的名词：time, moment, day, month, year, period等
where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 表地点的名词：place, house, city, country, world, street等，还有一些表示抽象地点的名词，如 point, case, position, condition, situation等
why 指原因或理由，在从句中作原因状语 表原因的名词：reason, excuse等
(经典佳句)A market is a place where people sell and buy things.
市场是一个人们买卖东西的地方。
[练透] 单句语法填空/把下列句子合并成含有关系副词引导的定语从句
①The reason why he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
②China is the only country in the world where wild pandas can be found.
③The photo reminded me of the days when I played hide and seek with my sisters.
④Gone are the days.Farmers lived in the poor houses in those days.
→Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.
⑤The house has been rebuilt.I lived in the house ten years ago.
→The house where I lived ten years ago has been rebuilt.
⑥Give me one good reason.I should help you for the reason.
→Give me one good reason why I should help you.
PAGE
14Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Inventors are always at work, dreaming up new technologies.Some inventions help us solve problems.Others make life easier, or more fun.Here, TFK (Time for Kids) presents 3 of our favorite inventions.See how they make us live a better life.
Stopping Sickness
Christine Schindler is an engineer.She wanted to help stop the spread of foodborne illnesses.So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a person's hands for harmful germs.Restaurant employees hold their hands beneath the scanner.Then the scanner judges whether they must be rewashed.About 100 locations have started using the product since it launched in May.
Talking Eyes
For people who are blind or have other visual problems, the ORCAM MYEYE 2 could be a game changer.It might also prove useful for people with reading difficulties.Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.It can identify faces.It can also read text aloud.Fitting all this power into such a small device is like “putting an elephant in a small closet”， says Amnon Shashua, the inventor of the technology.Now the device can be bought online.
Sport safe
Research shows that playing football increases the risk of brain injury.Still, about a million kids under the age of 13 play football, according to the Sports & Fitness Industry Association.That's where the VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH football helmet comes in.It has thick, force absorbing support on the front and sides, where kids are likely to take the hardest hits on the field.Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些科技新发明。
1．What is the function of PATHSPOT
A．Killing the germs on hands.
B．Checking if hands are clean.
C．Rewashing employees' hands.
D．Stopping the reproduction of germs.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据题干关键词PATHSPOT可定位到Stopping Sickness部分。根据So she created PATHSPOT.It uses light to scan a person's hands for harmful germs.可知，这个发明物是用来检查手上是否干净。故选B项。
2．Which of the following is the feature of Talking Eyes
A．Low noise. B．Portable.
C．Single function. D．Power saving.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Talking Eyes可定位到Talking Eyes部分。根据Described as “talking glasses”， this AI device can be attached to any eyeglass frame.可知，这种眼镜方便携带。故选B项。
3．What can we learn about VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH
A．It is available to the public now.
B．It improves kids' football skills.
C．It is designed for kids under 13 only.
D．Its front and sides are the hardest.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据题干关键词VICIS ZERO 1 YOUTH 可定位到Sport safe部分。根据Players on 1,500 youth teams have worn the helmet.可推知，这项发明已经被公众使用。故选A项。
B
Bill Bowerman was a track coach.He wanted to help athletes run faster.So he had learned how to make running shoes.He had also started a shoe company with a friend.It was 1971.Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes (鞋钉) on the sole (鞋底)．The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.
To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish.To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes.Bill looked through his wife Barbara's jewelry box.He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an interesting pattern.He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles.Nothing worked.Bill was stumped.Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.
Inspiration hit. The pattern on a waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for.The squares were fatter and wider than sharp spikes.The pattern would help the shoes grip (抓牢) any surface without tearing into it.
When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab.He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe.He poured the mixture into the waffle iron and the Waffle Trainer was born.
Bill's company put the Waffle Trainer on the market in 1974.It was a huge hit.Maybe you've heard of that company called Nike.And today it's worth around ＄100 billion.
It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bill's life and helped turn Nike into a well known name.Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters.It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了田径教练Bill Bowerman因妻子早餐做的华夫饼激发了他对运动鞋设计的灵感，从此耐克成为一个家喻户晓的品牌。
4．What was wrong with the running shoes before the Waffle Trainer was made
A．They were easily worn out.
B．The spikes hurt runners' feet.
C．The spikes were sharp and heavy.
D．They were too expensive.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中Running shoes at the time were heavy.They had spikes(鞋钉)on the sole(鞋底)．The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.可知，那时候的运动鞋的鞋底上有鞋钉，导致运动鞋很重，运动员跑不快，而且鞋钉容易损坏跑道，故C项(鞋钉又尖又重)正确。
5．What does the underlined word “stumped” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Inspired. B．Defeated.
C．Satisfied. D．Doubted.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据前句Nothing worked.可知，Bill尝试了很多方法均没有成功。由此可知，他当时是被这个问题难住了，只有B项(被打败的)符合文意。
6．What can we say about the birth of Waffle Trainer
A．It was made quite by accident.
B．It was invented by Bill's wife.
C．It was based on many lab tests.
D．It was supported by another company.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast.Bill watched her cook.He studied the cross pattern on their old waffle iron.及第三段中Inspiration hit.可知，Bill是在厨房看妻子做华夫饼的时候突然找到了制作运动鞋的灵感的。由此可以推断出，Waffle Trainer运动鞋的诞生是偶然的。故选A项。
7．What can we learn from Bill's experience
A．Where there's a will, there's a way.
B．Good is rewarded with good.
C．Two heads are better than one.
D．A misfortune may turn out a blessing.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the toughest problems.可知，只要不断尝试，终能找到解决问题的办法。故选A项。
C
It might sound like a terrible dream, but a new design from Dubai based airline Emirates plans to remove windows from airplanes.Instead of real life views of clouds and sky, first class passengers will look out of “virtual (虚拟的) windows”， enjoying projected views of the world passing by Emirates' “windows” use real time high tech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.
Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great — however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.For starters, in the event of an emergency, people in the plane often need to look out for reference points.Having visual awareness is important and in a windowless jet, they don't exist — especially if there is an electrical fault which then means that the ‘electric’ windows do not work and you can't see outside.” Ahmad was also concerned about passenger comfort.“Passengers simply do love the natural view outside，” he says.“There are also other problems — the change involved would certainly require new tests.”
Other futuristic airplane designs are going the opposite way.Boeing's Dreamliner — its most modern design — features large windows.Airbus has also designed a plane with transparent (透明的) walls that is presented at the 2011 Paris Air Show.Embraer has planned the Kyoto cabin, designed for its Lineage 1000E aircraft, which features large windows running along the majority of the walls of the cabin.
There could also be a move towards pilotless planes in the future — but Ahmad applies his doubts about windowless planes to drone flown (无人驾驶的) planes, too.“The idea of windowless planes is possible — that doesn't mean it will happen，” says Ahmad.“The same applies to drone technology — but that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了迪拜阿联酋航空公司的一项新设计。
8．What will Emirates' new planes be like
A．They will be pilotless.
B．They will have open windows.
C．They will present outside views on virtual windows.
D．They will provide all passengers with windowless experiences.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，头等舱乘客将不再能看到真实的云和天空，而是能透过“虚拟窗口”欣赏窗外的世界。阿联酋航空的“窗口”使用实时高科技摄像机技术，提供外部世界的虚拟视图。即阿联酋航空的新飞机将在虚拟窗口上显示外部视图，故选C项。
9．What does Saj Ahmad think of the virtual windows
A．Useful. B．Expensive.
C．Impractical. D．Comfortable.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Saj Ahmad, Chief analyst at Strategic Aero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great — however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.”可知，Saj Ahmad认为虚拟窗口是不现实的。故选C项。
10．How is the third paragraph developed
A．By giving examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following space order.
D．By explaining cause and effect.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，波音的梦幻客机是其最现代的设计，它的特点是大窗户。空中客车公司还设计了一种透明的飞机，在2011年巴黎航空展上展出。Embraer为其世系1000E飞机设计了Kyoto机舱，机舱的大部分墙壁上都有大窗户。由此可知，第三段是通过举例子来分析问题。故选A项。
11．What is the future of drone technology according to Saj Ahmad
A．It needs more skilled engineers.
B．It will take time to develop.
C．It will be widely applied.
D．It is promising.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中The idea of windowless planes is possible — that doesn't mean it will happen和The same applies to drone technology — but that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.可知，根据Saj Ahmad的说法，无人机技术的未来需要时间来研发。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Light in a Bottle
This is such a simple idea! It's a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run.It wasn't invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago.In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity. 1 One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency.One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun.This made Moser think. 2
All you need is a clean plastic bottle.Fill it with water and close it with a black top.The black top attracts the sun.A drop of bleach (漂白剂), the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean.Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole. 3 It's much stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbors and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket.Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Moser's idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!
A．Why not use water to make light
B．In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.
C．Moser was very good at making things around the home.
D．People's homes and small businesses were often left in the dark.
E．Following Moser's method, the organization started making lamps in 2011.
F．While there's sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.
G．MyShelter also offers training for people who want to earn money by fixing the lamps in their communities.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莫泽发明了莫泽灯以及它给人们带来的便利。
1．选D 根据前句In his hometown at the time, they had problems with electricity.可知，D项(人们的家和小企业经常处在黑暗中)与上文相呼应。D项中dark与上文中had problems with electricity相照应。
2．选A 根据前句This made Moser think.可知，A项(为什么不用水来发光呢)承接上文，且A选项的问句形式与上文中的think相照应。
3．选F 根据前文Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole.可知，F项(当外面有阳光的时候，光线会通过水进入下面的房间)解释前文开小洞的原因。
4．选E 结合后文Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the idea has spread to a number of other countries, too.可知，E项(按照莫泽的方法，该组织于2011年开始生产灯具)引出后文的结果。
5．选B 根据前文可知，B项(在印度，瓶子被用在乡下学校)和前文都介绍的是莫泽灯的广泛应用。B项中的In India与上文中的other countries相照应。
PAGE
6
