Drafting a lecture
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The giraffe (长颈鹿) is the tallest animal on land.It is one of the best known species in Africa, known for their very long necks, long legs and the brown and white patterns that cover their bodies.
Craig Hilton taylor is head of the Red List program.He says there were between 152,000 and 163, 000 giraffes in 1985.But now, the number of them has fallen to about 98,000.“It is a huge tragedy and it's been sort of a silent disappearance that we just really haven't detected until now.” Fifty years ago, groups of giraffes usually had 20 to 30 animals in them.Now, observers are only seeing six animals in a group.Until now the disappearance of the animals has not been observed closely.They live in such a wide area across Africa.
What is causing this decrease Hilton taylor says, “It is due to the effect of people, whether it's people causing loss of habitat for the species, hunting the species for food or harvesting for medicine or for wood.”
He says pollution and the effects of climate change are just a few of the other problems affecting the species.Some people are moving into protected areas where giraffes and other animals live because of a lack of rain that affects food production.Sometimes the animals are killed for their meat.Also, civil wars in Africa make it more difficult to protect the animals.
Hilton taylor says giraffes can be helped.“It's not too late, and we can turn things around.” Some of the ideas that work include community involvement and tourism.Tourism, for example, provides jobs for local people.He also says there needs to be a giraffe action plan put in place to observe and survey the animals across the continent of Africa.Hilton taylor adds that finding answers to the problems people face, like drought linked to climate change, food shortages and civil unrest, will provide answers for people to help giraffes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非洲长颈鹿数量不断减少的现状，分析了其原因，并介绍了一些保护措施。
1．What does the underlined word “detected” mean in the second paragraph
A．Changed. B．Noticed.
C．Doubted. D．Confirmed.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。第二段主要是介绍长颈鹿数量不断减少的现状。根据画线单词后文中的Until now the disappearance of the animals has not been observed closely.并结合此句中silent disappearance可知，人们没有觉察到、注意到这些动物的消失。画线词detected与noticed同义，故选B项。
2．Which is NOT a possible reason for the decrease of giraffes
A．Civil wars in Africa.
B．Loss of the habitats.
C．Climate change.
D．Their wide living space.
解析：选D 细节理解题。文中第四段分析了长颈鹿数量减少的原因，包括污染和气候变化的影响，人类占领长颈鹿的栖息地，动物被人类捕杀，非洲的内战使保护动物更加困难。故D项(广阔的生活空间)不是长颈鹿数量减少的原因。
3．How can giraffes be helped according to Hilton taylor
A．By attracting more tourists to Africa.
B．By stopping the global warming.
C．By learning more about the community.
D．By moving local people away.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Hilton taylor says giraffes can be helped.“It's not too late, and we can turn things around.” Some of the ideas that work include community involvement and tourism.Tourism, for example, provides jobs for local people.可知，Hilton taylor认为我们可以采取措施帮助长颈鹿，包括社区参与和发展旅游业，旅游业可以为当地人提供就业机会。故选A项。
4．Which might be the most suitable title for the passage
A．Giraffes Are Changing Africa
B．Silent Disappearance of Giraffes
C．Tourism and Nature Protection
D．Wildlife Can Be Saved in Future
解析：选B 标题归纳题。本文介绍了非洲长颈鹿数量不断减少的现状，分析了其原因，并介绍了一些保护措施。第二段中It is a huge tragedy and it's been sort of a silent disappearance that we just really haven't detected until now.点明了本文主题，又能吸引读者。故B项(长颈鹿的无声消失)适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Martin Folsom was well known in his school this summer.However, he had a 1 start in life.Living on and off the streets for much of his youth, Martin experienced years of 2 .Yet, he didn't stop his footsteps.This summer, Martin 3 high school in Florida with a high score, which made him 4 stand out of his class and enabled him to make a(n) 5 at the graduation ceremony.
Martin and his mother had nowhere to live after his father deserted them.As a result, they had to 6 a lot.More than two years, they lived in a number of 7 across five different states.But throughout these 8 years, Martin remained determined and never 9 his goals.He never missed school and was the highest ranking student in 2020.
Martin also experienced life in and out of the classroom.He was the president of several programs and 10 the class monitor in the last four years.“He's such a special guy and 11 leader，” Principal Cathy Bures told the reporter.“He has a big heart for his classmates, 12 them that they're a promising generation.” 13 Martin's efforts and excellence, he has been admitted to Valdosta State University in Georgia with a full scholarship.
Martin's 14 to students is to make goals early and work hard towards them.He said, “You never know whether you'll make it, or what you can end up achieving.But you need to 15 big.And once you succeed, you will feel really fantastic.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Martin Folsom在多年无家可归的情况下，依然能凭借高分从高中毕业，还被大学以全额奖学金录取。Martin在毕业典礼上鼓励学生尽早设定目标，并为之努力。
1．A.slow B．fresh
C．sound D．tough
解析：选D 根据后文Living on and off the streets for much of his youth可知，Martin年少时居无定所，生活艰难(tough)。
2．A.hopelessness B．homelessness
C．fearlessness D．pricelessness
解析：选B 参见上题解析可知，Martin大部分时间都在流浪，经历了多年的无家可归(homelessness)。
3．A.finished B．admired
C．attended D．remembered
解析：选A 根据后文at the graduation ceremony可知，Martin今年夏天完成了(finished)高中学业。
4．A.frequently B．barely
C．impressively D．hardly
解析：选C 根据空前with a high score和空后stand out of his class可知，Martin在多年无家可归的情况下，还能取得高分读完高中，这令人印象深刻(impressively)。
5．A.apology B．agreement
C．announcement D．speech
解析：选D 根据前文可知，Martin以高分完成了高中学业，所以得到了在毕业典礼上发表演讲(speech)的机会。最后一段中He said也是提示。
6．A.move B．work
C．exercise D．rest
解析：选A 根据后文across five different states可知，他们经常搬家(move)。
7．A.apartments B．shelters
C．offices D．schools
解析：选B 根据前文中Living on and off the streets for much of his youth可知，Martin和妈妈无家可归，流落街头，只能住庇护所(shelters)。
8．A.available B．comfortable
C．miserable D．incredible
解析：选C 根据前文可知，Martin和妈妈无家可归，只能住庇护所，这样的日子是悲惨的(miserable)。
9．A.thought about B．complained about
C．look the place of D．gave up
解析：选D 根据上文Martin remained determined以及后文He never missed school and was the highest ranking student in 2020.可知，Martin从不放弃(gave up)自己的目标。
10．A.served as B．cooperated with
C．turned to D．believed in
解析：选A 根据后文the class monitor可知，Martin 过去的四年担任(served as)班长。
11．A.smart B．traditional
C．responsible D．stubborn
解析：选C 根据后文He has a big heart for his classmates以及上文Martin连续四年担任班长可知，他是个有责任感的(responsible)领导者。
12．A.assuming B．encouraging
C．expecting D．requesting
解析：选B 根据后文they're a promising generation可知，Martin鼓励(encouraging)同学们，说他们是有前途的一代。
13．A.As a result of B．Except for
C．In return for D．In terms of
解析：选A 结合后文可知，Martin能够被乔治亚州瓦尔多斯塔州立大学以全额奖学金录取，是由于(As a result of)他的努力和优秀。
14．A.attitude B．gratitude
C．devotion D．advice
解析：选D 根据后文的make goals early and work hard towards them可知，Martin给学生的建议(advice)是尽早设定目标，并为之努力。
15．A.talk B．smile
C．dream D．grow
解析：选C 前文讲述了生活艰难的Martin从不放弃自己的梦想，以优秀的成绩从高中毕业，并被大学录取。由此可知，Martin认为学生应该有远大的梦想(dream)。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season.We had not seen rain in almost a month.The crops were dying.Cows had stopped giving milk.The streams were long gone back into the earth.
I was in the kitchen making lunch for the family when I saw my six year old son, Billy, walking toward the woods.I could only see his back.He wasn't walking in his usual way.He was obviously walking with a great effort, trying to be as still as possible.Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.
Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow and long step toward the woods.This activity went on for over an hour — walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house.Finally, my curiosity got the best of me.I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.
He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked, being very careful not to spill the water he carried.Branches and thorns slapped (拍打) his little face but he did not try to avoid them.He had a much greater purpose.As I came closer, I saw the most amazing sight.Several large deer stood in front of him.Billy walked right up to them, at the sight of which I almost screamed for him to get away.A hug buck (雄鹿) was dangerously close, but it neither threatened Billy nor even moved as Billy knelt down.And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lifting its head with great effort to lap (舔) up the water in my boy's hands.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house.
This time I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen.
参考范文：
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house.I followed him back to the tap and found the water was running.Billy cupped both his hands, letting water slowly fill up his “cup”．But it was still running away through his fingers.And in that case he even had great difficulty turning off the tap.When he turned around, I walked towards him.His eyes were filled with tears, and said, “Mom, I'm not wasting.” “Never mind, honey.” I responded.
This time I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen.Billy immediately understood what was happening.“Thank you, Mom.Follow me！” Overwhelmed by great joy, he walked fast ahead of me, leading the way into the woods.There before the baby deer Billy knelt down again, took over my pot of water, and reached out for the baby deer to drink.Minutes later, the baby deer seemed to have had enough.It rose slowly, and stared at Billy with its big eyes as if to say “Thanks”．My heart was melted, more by my loving boy than the little creature.
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6Drafting a lecture
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠解 [参考范文] [名师论道]
The Wonders of Fanjing MountainGood afternoon, everyone! I'm very happy to be here to give a short lecture.Have you ever heard of Fanjing Mountain Or have you ever visited it If you haven't, you soon will！Fanjing Mountain lies in Tongren, Guizhou Province with an elevation of about 2,570 metres.It is the highest peak of the Wuling Mountain range in south west China.Fanjing Mountain was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2018.The Fanjingshan Nature Reserve was established in 1978 and represents one of the country's greatest achievements in environmental protection.The rich biodiversity of the Wuling Mountain range is the principal reason for Fanjing Mountain's inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage prising the largest subtropical primeval beech forest, the region is home to 2,000 species of plants, such as the endangered Chinese dove tree.Endangered animal species that can be found on Fanjing Mountain and its surrounding mountain range include the Chinese giant salamander, forest musk deer and grey snub nosed monkey.Fanjing Mountain is of course also renowned for the breathtaking views from its summit — or, more accurately “summits”， as there are three of these! And when night falls leaving this magnificent scenery in darkness, the Mushroom Stone, one of the many strange rock formations, is illumined so that visitors can still marvel at the wonders of Fanjing Mountain.All explains why Fanjing Mountain earned its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.Thank you for your listening.Now, does anyone have any questions？ [学语言]1.时态：一般现在时为主2.人称：第三人称为主3.亮点词汇①give a lecture②lie in③an elevation of④environmental protection⑤biodiversity⑥the principal reason⑦comprise⑧be home to⑨endangered⑩be renowned for breathtaking marvel at4.高级句式①现在分词短语作状语②that引导定语从句③so that引导目的状语从句④All explains why ...[学结构]本文为一篇演讲稿，属于应用文的写作范畴。分为三部分：第一部分：打招呼，介绍话题；第二部分：介绍主要原因及其他信息；第三部分：概括总结。
佳句背诵 1.It's my great pleasure to give a lecture here to introduce Mountain Tai.我很高兴在这里做演讲介绍泰山。2.Qingdao is one of the most beautiful coastal cities in China and a wonderful place to spend summer.青岛是中国最美丽的海滨城市之一，也是避暑的好地方。3.The climate there is very mild and can make you feel very relaxed and comfortable.那里的气候非常温和，可以让你感到非常放松和舒适。4.Tens of thousands of people from all around the world visit this city every summer.每年夏天都有成千上万的人从世界各地来参观这个城市。5.It is famous for its beautiful scenery and long history.它以美丽的风景和悠久的历史而闻名。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
安徽黄山(Huangshan Mountain)是世界文化与自然双重遗产，被誉为“天下第一奇山”。请根据下列信息，用英语写一篇演讲稿，简单介绍一下黄山。内容要点：
1．位于安徽省南部，是中国著名的旅游胜地；
2．在黄山可领略其云海、松树、温泉、冬雪等秀丽的风景及清晨美丽的日出。
参考词汇：云海the sea of clouds 松树pine trees
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 一仿结构布局合理
第一段：表达问候，开门见山，引入主题；
第二段：介绍黄山美丽的风景与清晨的日出等；
第三段：进行总结，提出问题，并与听众进行互动。
Step 2 二仿语言规范美观
1．众所周知，黄山位于安徽省南部。
As we know, Huangshan Mountain is located in the south of Anhui Province.
2．它是中国最著名的旅游景点之一。
It is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China.
3．当你爬山的时候，你可以欣赏到它独特的景色：松树、云海、温泉和冬雪。
While you are climbing the mountain, you can enjoy its unique scenes：the pine trees, the sea of clouds, hot springs and the snows of winter.
4．黄山的景色令人叹为观止。
The landscape of Huangshan Mountain is breathtaking.
5．黄山为各种各样的动植物提供了良好的自然栖息地。
Huangshan Mountain provides a great natural habitat for a wide variety of animals and plants.
Step 3 三仿句间过渡自然
用连词连接句4和句5
For one thing, the landscape of Huangshan Mountain is breathtaking.For another, Huangshan Mountain provides a great natural habitat for a wide variety of animals and plants.
Step 4 誊写
Good morning, everyone.It is a great honour for me to give a lecture about Huangshan Mountain here.
As we know, Huangshan Mountain, located in the south of Anhui Province, is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China.As a famous Chinese saying goes, “There is no need to see other mountains after visiting Huangshan Mountain.” For one thing, the landscape of Huangshan Mountain is breathtaking.While you are climbing the mountain, you can enjoy its unique scenes：the pine trees, the sea of clouds, hot springs and the snows of winter.In the early morning, when the sun rises, the sky looks incredibly beautiful.For another, Huangshan Mountain provides a great natural habitat for a wide variety of animals and plants.It has rich natural resources which have scientific and ecological values.
While you are in Anhui, Huangshan Mountain is a must for you.You are welcome to visit this attractive tourist destination.
Thank you for your attention.Do you have any questions
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A鱼
