2022学年中考英语语法专练——冠词（含答案）

中考英语语法专练——冠词
【01 巩固练】
1．If you want to take ________ short ride in the city, choose ________ shared bike.
A．a; / B．the; / C．a; a D．/; a
2．I think ________ young in our village are now living much more comfortable life than we did.
A．a B．the C．/
3．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know ________ way.
—You can use ________ map, I think.
A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; 不填
4．—Do you know ________ boy in a blue coat
—Yes, he is my brother, Li Lei.
A．the B．an C．a
5．You have set ________ good example for me. I will make an effort to reach ________ height you did.
A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a
6．I read ________ unusual story last night. ________ story is about the heroes in the fight against COVID - 19.
A．a; A B．an; The C．a; The D．a; An
7．Now, beginning in August, ________ new train line runs from Beijing across ________ Silk Road.
A．a; the B．/; the C．the; a D．the; /
8．Mr. Zhao lives in ________ Ninth Street and he keeps a coffee house there.
A．the B．a C．an D．/
9．Mr. Smith and his wife went to London ________ plane yesterday.
A．by B．in C．on D．at
10．I often have ________ breakfast at 7:00 in the morning.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·黑龙江真题）I would like to be ________ scientist in the future. They are so great.
A．a B．an C．the
2．（2021·湖南真题）—We have worked for a long time.
—Yeah, let’s go out for a walk. It is ________ useful way to relax.
A．a B．an C．the
3．（2021·广西真题）—Tina, you’re too careless. You missed _______ “n” in _______ word “Internet” again.
—Sorry, Ms. Gao. I will be more careful next time.
A．an; the B．the; an C．the; a D．/; the
4．（2021·辽宁真题）Locus usually has ________ egg and some milk for breakfast.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
5．（2021·江苏真题）As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the
6．（2021·山东真题）—What’s ________ population of China —It has ________ population of 1.4 billion.
A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a D．the; the
7．（2021·吉林真题）Tom thinks playing ___________basketball is a good way to relax himself.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
8．（2021·贵州真题）—Did you watch ________ show Chinese Poetry Conference（诗词大会）yesterday evening
—Yes. It was really ________ great success.
9．（2021·江苏真题）My family have ________ breakfast together every day. This helps us start a day well.
A．不填 B．a C．an D．the
10．（2020·湖北真题）—Does your teacher go to work by ___________ car every day
—No. He usually takes ___________ bus.
A．/; / B．/; the C．a; the D．the; a
二、完成句子
11．（2021·湖北随州·中考真题）我长大想成为一名工程师。
I want to be ____________ _____________ when I grow up.
12．（2021·陕西中考真题）李琳给朋友送了一个红色的杯子作为礼物。
Li Lin gave her friend ____________ as a present.
三、根据句意填空
13．（2021·湖南永州·）He who has not climbed ________ Great Wall is not a true man.
14．（2021·湖南常德·中考真题）When I went past the bank yesterday, I saw ________ old man lying on the street.
四、阅读单选
（一）（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）

Main sections: Nation World Business Sports Entertainment
Other sections: Free e mail Chatroom Meeting-room
Top News Nation Three child policy World COVID____vaccines Business Belt-road trades go up Sports Volleyball Nations League Entertainment Zhang Yimou’s hot new movie Website search: Go Internet search: Go Advertisement:
15．How many main sections are there in the website
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
16．What can visitors to the website do
A．Write news. B．Talk with other people. C．Get free fruit. D．Make short movies.
17．Where is the advertisement
A．At the top of the page. B．In the center of the page.
C．On one side of the page. D．Next to the family picture.
（二）（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）
The little wolf, White Fang, made an enemy of the dog, Lip-Lip. Lip-Lip attacked him whenever he could. He was bigger and stronger than White Fang and always won their fights. White Fang knew that he could not win a fight against Lip-Lip. He thought that he had to do something else to teach the dog a lesson.
①One day, he was playing at a river bank when he saw Lip-Lip come. He suddenly got a good idea. He pretended to be hurt and unable to run fast.When Lip-Lip ran after him, he led Lip Lip to the place where his mother stayed. When Lip-Lip got close to her, she turned Lip-Lip over and bit him until she let him go, but White Fang had a bigger problem.
Lip-Lip was the leader of the other dogs. They followed him and obeyed him. None of them would become friends with White Fang. Whenever he came near them, they attacked him.
②He was never allowed to play with the other dogs. This made him unhappy and angry. He often forgot how to behave well.
③Several days later, White Fang saw a man take his mother in a small boat. He tried to follow them. He jumped into the river and swam after the boat. Another man came after White Fang in his boat. He lifted White Fang out of the water. White Fang tried to get away from the man, but the man hit him and threw him into the boat.
④White Fang was now very angry because he wanted to be with his mother. He forgot how powerful men were, and he bit the man. The man was so angry that he beat(打) White Fang again and again. The man hurt him badly.
White Fang finally learned that he couldn’t bite a man because if he did, he would be beaten badly.
——Adapted from White Fang
18．Why did White Fang always lose the fights with Lip-Lip
A．Because he was bigger and stronger than Lip-Lip. B．Because he was smaller and weaker than Lip-Lip.
C．Because he wanted to make Lip-Lip happy. D．Because he wanted to make friends with Lip-Lip.
19．What does the underlined word “pretended” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．准备 B．防止 C．假设 D．假装
20．From Paragraph 2, we know White Fang was ________.
A．shy B．generous C．clever D．humorous
21．It’s better to put “White Fang was always alone.” in ________.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
22．According to the last paragraph, we can inter(推断) that ________.
A．White Fang would continue to bite people
B．White Fang would enjoy staying with people
C．White Fang would keep away from people
D．White Fang would not be afraid of being beaten by people
解析及答案
【01 巩固练】
1．If you want to take ________ short ride in the city, choose ________ shared bike.
A．a; / B．the; / C．a; a D．/; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你想在城市里短途骑行，选择一辆共享单车。考查冠词，不定冠词a表泛指，定冠词the表特指。take+冠词+交通工具表示“搭乘……”，bike可数名词单数，这里泛指一辆自行车，应该用a。故选C。
2．I think ________ young in our village are now living much more comfortable life than we did.
A．a B．the C．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我觉得我们村的年轻人现在的生活比我们过去舒适多了。考查冠词。不定冠词a表泛指；定冠词the表特指。“the+形容词”表示一类人，“in our village”作后置定语修饰the young，故选B。
3．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know ________ way.
—You can use ________ map, I think.
A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; 不填
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想去不同的地方，但我不知道路。——我想你可以用地图。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；第一空特指去不同地方的路，应用定冠词the；第二空表达的是“一张地图”，是泛指，应用不定冠词a，故选B。
4．—Do you know ________ boy in a blue coat
—Yes, he is my brother, Li Lei.
A．the B．an C．a
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你认识那个穿蓝色上衣的男孩吗？——是的，他是我的弟弟李雷。考查冠词辨析。the特指某人或某物；an表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的名词前；a表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的名词前。分析句子可知，in a blue coat“穿蓝色上衣”作boy的后置定语，boy属特指，故选A。
5．You have set ________ good example for me. I will make an effort to reach ________ height you did.
A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你为我树立了一个好榜样。我会努力达到你做的高度。考查冠词用法。set a good example for sb.为某人树立好榜样，是固定搭配；再由“to reach ... height you did”可知第二空特指“你达到的高度”，用定冠词the。故选C。
6．I read ________ unusual story last night. ________ story is about the heroes in the fight against COVID - 19.
A．a; A B．an; The C．a; The D．a; An
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我昨晚读了一个不同寻常的故事。这个故事是关于英雄们抗击新冠肺炎的。考查冠词。a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/些，定冠词，表特指；根据语境可知，第一个空应填入不定冠词表泛指，且空格后unusual是以元音音素开头的，故应用不定冠词an。第二个空则应填人定冠词the，表特指，指代上一句提到的an unusual story。故选B。
7．Now, beginning in August, ________ new train line runs from Beijing across ________ Silk Road.
A．a; the B．/; the C．the; a D．the; /
【答案】A
【详解】句意：现在，从8月份开始，一条新的铁路线从北京穿过丝绸之路。考查冠词。丝绸之路“the Silk Road”为专有名词，故用the；一条新的铁路线“a new train line”在这里表示泛指。故选A。
8．Mr. Zhao lives in ________ Ninth Street and he keeps a coffee house there.
A．the B．a C．an D．/
【答案】D
【详解】句意：赵先生住在第九大街，他在那里开了一家咖啡馆。考查冠词辨析。the是定冠词，表特指；a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；/是零冠词。Ninth Street第九大街，是专有名词，前面不用冠词。故选D。
9．Mr. Smith and his wife went to London ________ plane yesterday.
A．by B．in C．on D．at
【答案】A
【详解】句意：史密斯先生和他的妻子昨天乘飞机去了伦敦。考查介词辨析。by乘坐；in在……中；on在……上；at在。by+交通方式，表示“乘坐某种交通方式”，故选A。
10．I often have ________ breakfast at 7:00 in the morning.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我经常在早上7点吃早餐。考查冠词用法。a一个，用在辅音音素前；an一个，用在元音音素前；the特指。根据“breakfast”早餐可知，三餐前不需要加冠词，故选D。
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·黑龙江真题）I would like to be ________ scientist in the future. They are so great.
A．a B．an C．the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：未来我想成为一名科学家。他们是如此伟大。考查冠词辨析。这里表示泛指“成为一名科学家”，且scientist是辅音/s/开头，应用a修饰。故选A。
2．（2021·湖南真题）—We have worked for a long time.
—Yeah, let’s go out for a walk. It is ________ useful way to relax.
A．a B．an C．the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们已经工作了很长时间了。——是啊，我们出去走走吧。这是一种很有用的放松方式。考查冠词用法。此处泛指“一种有用的方式”，useful以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故选A。
3．（2021·广西真题）—Tina, you’re too careless. You missed _______ “n” in _______ word “Internet” again.
—Sorry, Ms. Gao. I will be more careful next time.
A．an; the B．the; an C．the; a D．/; the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你太粗心了。你又漏掉了“互联网”一词中的一个“n”。——对不起，高老师。下次我会更仔细的。考查冠词。a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词；第一空表达的是泛指“一个字母‘n’ ”，应用不定冠词，字母“n”是元音音素开头的，应用an修饰，第二空是特指“Internet”这个单词，应用定冠词the，故选A。
4．（2021·辽宁真题）Locus usually has ________ egg and some milk for breakfast.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：劳伊早餐通常吃一个鸡蛋和一些牛奶。考查冠词辨析。此处表示“一个鸡蛋”，表泛指，且egg是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰，故选B。
5．（2021·江苏真题）As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意：作为一名教师，为学生做一个好榜样是很重要的。考查冠词的用法。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指，the定冠词，表示特指。两处均表示泛指“一个”，teacher和good都是以辅音音素开头的单词，都用a。故选C。
6．（2021·山东真题）—What’s ________ population of China
—It has ________ population of 1.4 billion.
A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a D．the; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——中国有多少人口？——有14亿人口。考查冠词的用法。第一空表特指用the，指代中国的人口；第二空have a population of…有……人口。故选C。
7．（2021·吉林真题）Tom thinks playing ___________basketball is a good way to relax himself.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】D
【详解】句意：汤姆认为打篮球是放松自己的好方法。考查冠词辨析。球类游戏前不加任何冠词，play basketball“打篮球”，故选D。
8．（2021·贵州真题）—Did you watch ________ show Chinese Poetry Conference（诗词大会）yesterday evening
—Yes. It was really ________ great success.
A．the, a B．the, 不填 C．a, a D．a, 不填
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你昨天晚上看《中国诗词大会》节目了吗？——看了。这确实是一个巨大的成功。考查冠词的用法。第一处特指《中国诗词大会》节目，用定冠词the；第二处泛指“一个巨大的成功”，用不定冠词a。故选A。
9．（2021·江苏真题）My family have ________ breakfast together every day. This helps us start a day well.
A．不填 B．a C．an D．the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我的家人每天一起吃早餐。这有助于我们更好地开始新的一天。考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；have breakfast“吃早餐”是固定短语，三餐前不用冠词，故选A。
10．（2020·湖北真题）—Does your teacher go to work by ___________ car every day
—No. He usually takes ___________ bus.
A．/; / B．/; the C．a; the D．the; a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你的老师每天坐轿车去上班么？——不，他通常坐公交车。考查冠词。the定冠词，表示确指；a不定冠词，表示泛指。表示“坐轿车”用固定结构by car；第一空不用介词。第二空表示“坐公交车”用take the bus，the此处表示确指。故选B。
二、完成句子
11．（2021·湖北随州·中考真题）我长大想成为一名工程师。
I want to be ____________ _____________ when I grow up.
12．（2021·陕西中考真题）李琳给朋友送了一个红色的杯子作为礼物。
Li Lin gave her friend ____________ as a present.
【答案】an engineer 12 a red cup/a red glass
11【详解】一名a/an；工程师engineer，engineer首字母发元音音素，所以用an。故填an；engineer。
12【详解】red“红色的”，形容词作定语修饰名词cup或glass“杯子”；表泛指，且red是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a表示“一个”，故填a red cup/glass。
三、根据句意填空
13．（2021·湖南永州·）He who has not climbed ________ Great Wall is not a true man.
14．（2021·湖南常德·中考真题）When I went past the bank yesterday, I saw ________ old man lying on the street.
【答案】13 the 14 an
13【详解】句意：不到长城非好汉。the Great Wall“长城”，是普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要用定冠词the，故填the。
14【详解】句意：昨天我路过那家银行时，看见一位老人躺在街上。此处表示“一位老人”，表泛指，且old是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
四、阅读单选 （一）（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）

Main sections: Nation World Business Sports Entertainment
Other sections: Free e mail Chatroom Meeting-room
Top News Nation Three child policy World COVID____vaccines Business Belt-road trades go up Sports Volleyball Nations League Entertainment Zhang Yimou’s hot new movie Website search: Go Internet search: Go Advertisement:
15．How many main sections are there in the website
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
16．What can visitors to the website do
A．Write news. B．Talk with other people. C．Get free fruit. D．Make short movies.
17．Where is the advertisement
A．At the top of the page. B．In the center of the page.
C．On one side of the page. D．Next to the family picture.
【答案】 15．D 16．B 17．C
【分析】
文章大意：文章是一个网站的内容信息。
15．【详解】细节理解题。根据“Main sections：Nation, World, Business, Sports, Entertainment.”可知主要部分有五个：国家，世界，商业，体育，娱乐。故选D。
16．【详解】推理判断题。根据“Other sections: Free e mail, Chatroom, Meeting room.”可知聊天室可以让进入网站的人互相交谈。故选B。
17．【详解】细节理解题。根据“Advertisement”可知广告在文中的最右一栏，结合选项，故选C。
（二）（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）
The little wolf, White Fang, made an enemy of the dog, Lip-Lip. Lip-Lip attacked him whenever he could. He was bigger and stronger than White Fang and always won their fights. White Fang knew that he could not win a fight against Lip-Lip. He thought that he had to do something else to teach the dog a lesson.
①One day, he was playing at a river bank when he saw Lip-Lip come. He suddenly got a good idea. He pretended to be hurt and unable to run fast.When Lip-Lip ran after him, he led Lip Lip to the place where his mother stayed. When Lip-Lip got close to her, she turned Lip-Lip over and bit him until she let him go, but White Fang had a bigger problem.
Lip-Lip was the leader of the other dogs. They followed him and obeyed him. None of them would become friends with White Fang. Whenever he came near them, they attacked him.
②He was never allowed to play with the other dogs. This made him unhappy and angry. He often forgot how to behave well.
③Several days later, White Fang saw a man take his mother in a small boat. He tried to follow them. He jumped into the river and swam after the boat. Another man came after White Fang in his boat. He lifted White Fang out of the water. White Fang tried to get away from the man, but the man hit him and threw him into the boat.
④White Fang was now very angry because he wanted to be with his mother. He forgot how powerful men were, and he bit the man. The man was so angry that he beat(打) White Fang again and again. The man hurt him badly.
White Fang finally learned that he couldn’t bite a man because if he did, he would be beaten badly.
——Adapted from White Fang
18．Why did White Fang always lose the fights with Lip-Lip
A．Because he was bigger and stronger than Lip-Lip. B．Because he was smaller and weaker than Lip-Lip.
C．Because he wanted to make Lip-Lip happy. D．Because he wanted to make friends with Lip-Lip.
19．What does the underlined word “pretended” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．准备 B．防止 C．假设 D．假装
20．From Paragraph 2, we know White Fang was ________.
A．shy B．generous C．clever D．humorous
21．It’s better to put “White Fang was always alone.” in ________.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
22．According to the last paragraph, we can inter(推断) that ________.
A．White Fang would continue to bite people
B．White Fang would enjoy staying with people
C．White Fang would keep away from people
D．White Fang would not be afraid of being beaten by people
【答案】
18．B 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．C
【分析】
本文主要讲了名为White Fang的小狗总被Lip-Lip攻击，被孤立没有朋友，并被一个人打伤的故事。
18．【详解】细节理解题。根据“He was bigger and stronger than White Fang and always won their fights”可知，因为Lip-Lip比White Fang更强壮更大，故选B。
19．【详解】词义猜测题。根据“He pretended to be hurt and unable to run fast. When Lip-Lip ran after him, he led Lip Lip to the place where his mother stayed.”可知，他假装受伤了，然后把Lip-Lip引到他妈妈待的地方，所以pretended表示“假装”，故选D。
20．【详解】推理判断题。第二段讲述了White Fang假装受伤，把Lip-Lip引到他妈妈待的地方，让妈妈咬他，由此可见，White Fang很聪明，故选C。
21．【详解】细节理解题。根据“He was never allowed to play with the other dogs”可知，此段描述了White Fang被孤立了，所以他很孤单，故此句放在②合适，故选B。
22．【详解】细节理解题。根据“White Fang finally learned that he couldn’t bite a man because if he did, he would be beaten badly”可推断，他以后会远离人类，因为如果他再咬人，就会被伤害，故选C。