2022年中考英语语法专练——名词（含答案)

中考英语语法专练——名词
【01 巩固练】
1．—In China, we put lucky money in red envelopes because red means good luck.
—That’s interesting! I want to know more about Chinese ________.
A．notices B．articles C．traditions D．instructions
2．We’re going to have ________.
A．lot of fun B．a lot of funs C．lots of funs D．lots of fun
3．This bedroom is mine. That bedroom is ________.
A．Jim’s and Tom’s B．Jim’s and Tom C．Jim and Tom’s D．Jim and Tom
4．The journey to Egypt is a great ________ for me to enjoy the magic places I have known from books and pictures.
A．advantage B．success C．challenge D．chance
5．—Please help yourself to some ________.
—Thanks. How delicious it is!
A．eggs B．potatoes C．fish
6．This skirt feels soft. It’s made of ________.
A．glass B．paper C．silver D．cotton
7．Once a term, there is a ________ meeting, so our parents and teachers can talk about our progress.
A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’ D．parent
8．I can’t remember when ________ is.
A．Teacher’s Day B．Womens’ day C．Father’s Day D．May’s Day
9．—Fruit juice can be harmful to ________ teeth, Cathy.
—OK, I won’t let them drink too much.
A．kid B．kids C．kid’s D．kids’
10．— is it from the park to the supermarket
—It is about fifteen walk.
A．How long, minutes B．How far, minutes C．How long, minutes’ D．How far, minutes’
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·四川）Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________.
A．man teachers B．men teachers C．woman teachers D．women teacher
2．（2021·湖南）We see some________ rising into the air at the opening of our new library.
A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones
3．（2020·湖南）—Can I help you, Madam
—Yes. I’d like some____________.
A．pears B．banana C．milks
4．（2020·黑龙江）Would you please give me some ________on how to learn English well
A．advices B．suggestion C．advice
5．（2019·江苏）On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the __________110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar
A．man B．men C．men's D．mens'
6．（2021·广西）Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.
A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheep
7．（2020·四川）—Peter, how far is it from your home to school
—It's only five__________ walk.
A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’
8．（2020·湖北）Wuhan, one of the most important ________ in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.
A．cities B．citys C．city
9．（2020·湖南）During the epidemic (疫情) many ________ in our city went to Hubei Province as volunteers.
A．woman doctor B．woman doctors C．women doctors
10．（2021·江苏）The ________ Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
A．180 kilometer long B．180 kilometers long
C．180-kilometer-long D．180-kilometers-long
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）That famous _______ (write) gave us a report on Chinese culture yesterday.
12．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）As ________ (secret), you need to check emails and arrange (安排) meetings for your bosses.
13．（2021·江苏镇江·）These ________ (fisherman) homes are no longer in the boats because of the government’s no fishing law on Yangtze River.
14．（2021·上海）Shanghai Museum has a large ________ of works of art from home and abroad. (collect)
三、根据首字母填空
15．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）More and more teenagers’ eyesight (视力) is becoming worse and worse, so parents and teachers should take action to stop the s________ from getting worse.
16．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）The teacher nodded to show his a________ to the
四、阅读还原6选5 （2021·山东青岛·中考真题）
Nothing sounds better than a swim on a hot summer day. However, many teens, including some who are good swimmers drown each year. When someone is drowning, it’s often silent and happens very quickly. 17．. Here are some tips on how to prevent drowning when you go for a swim.
Never swim alone—even for a moment. You should go swimming with adults and make sure that they are able to keep you safe. 18．.
Enter the water carefully and feet first. Go in feet first so that you can know how deep the water is. Diving into unsafe water can lead to serious injuries.
19．. Take some time to stretch your body before you enter the water. Get your body prepared and safety will surely follow.
Learn lifesaving skills. 20．. CPR is one of the lifesaving skills that can help others who are near drowning.
Choose swimming areas carefully. 21．. Choose the areas with safety facilities and lifeguards.
Remember: in case of emergency, it’s always important to call for help first! All in all, keep swimming safety in mind when you are in and around the water.
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．Do body exercise
B．But it can be prevented
C．Warm up before swimming
D．It’s important to have an adult nearby watch for danger
E. Don’t go to the swimming areas that you don’t know well
F. Many schools and training centers now offer classes to learn these skills
五、阅读单选（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）
Families celebrate National Grandparents Day in many ways. Every year at this time, we hear from our readers sharing their stories to give thanks and express love to their grandparents. Here is Cindy’s story.
My darling Grandfather, I don’t think I could ever find the words to describe the positive (积极的) influence you have had on my life. I’m writing to tell you how important you are in my life. Grandpa, I couldn’t imagine where I would be now without you and Grandma. Through all the difficulties, you two have been like a rock in my life and a peaceful island in a big lonely ocean. You have given me power in my life. Seeing you two again was always like a homecoming. When I came to visit, your loving arms welcomed me and we had wonderful times together talking and walking. You have shown me that there are men who are caring and good. I remember when I was a litle girl, how you held me tightly (紧紧地) when I couldn’t, sleep. You always spoke kindly to me. You have shown me what a family man is ---a man who gives what is best for his children. You always gave, even when it was not easy for you or when you were tired and unwell. You have also shown me what a caring husband is --- a man who loves his wife as much as he can. We know that no one is perfect, but in my whole life I never heard you raise your voice at Grandma or treat her disrespectfully(不尊重地). Grandpa, you gave me hope to believe that I could also be a responsible person one day: Thank you for your ongoing love and example to me. Your loving granddaughter, Cindy
22．Cindy is writing the letter to ________.
A．share stories with her grandparents B．tell her grandparents she will visit them
C．let her grandpa know how important he is D．show her grandpa what kind of person she has become
23．What does Cindy mean by saying the underlined sentence in the passage
A．She can always depend on her grandparents. B．She is always welcome in her grandparents, home.
C．Her grandparents give her too much pressure. D．Her grandparents are always kind to her.
24．What kind of person is Cindy’s grandpa
A．Kind and strict. B．Caring and responsible.
C．Serious and positive. D．Loving and impatient.
25．Grandpa has influenced Cindy in a positive way by ________.
A．taking her to a peaceful island B．solving her difficulties in life
C．speaking loudly to her D．setting a good example for her
26．Where is the passage most likely from
A．A poem collection. B．A geography magazine.
C．A local newspaper. D．A science-fiction novel
解析及答案
【01 巩固练】
1．—In China, we put lucky money in red envelopes because red means good luck.
—That’s interesting! I want to know more about Chinese ________.
A．notices B．articles C．traditions D．instructions
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——在中国，我们把压岁钱放在红包里，因为红色意味着好运。——很有趣！我想知道更多关于中国传统的事情。考查名词辨析。notices通知；articles文章；traditions传统；instructions指令；根据“In China, we put lucky money in red envelopes because red means good luck.”可知，在中国，我们把压岁钱放在红包里，因为红色意味着好运。这是中国人过春节的一种习俗，春节是中国的传统节日。由此可推断，此处使用traditions，表示“传统”符合语境。故选C。
2．We’re going to have ________.
A．lot of fun B．a lot of funs C．lots of funs D．lots of fun
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们会玩得很开心的。考查固定短语和名词的数。fun乐趣；a lot of许多的，修饰复数名词或不可数名词；lots of许多的，修饰复数名词或不可数名词；lot of表达不完整。fun是不可数名词，没有复数形式；have fun玩得开心，固定短语，故选D。
3．This bedroom is mine. That bedroom is ________.
A．Jim’s and Tom’s B．Jim’s and Tom C．Jim and Tom’s D．Jim and Tom
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这间卧室是我的。那间卧室是吉姆和汤姆的。考查名词所有格。此处表示所属关系，用名词所有格；再由“That bedroom”可知两人共用一个房间，用Jim and Tom’s表示“Jim和Tom的”。选C。
4．The journey to Egypt is a great ________ for me to enjoy the magic places I have known from books and pictures.
A．advantage B．success C．challenge D．chance
【答案】D
【详解】句意：去埃及的旅行对我来说是一个很好的机会来享受从书本和图片上了解到的神奇的地方。考查名词词义辨析。advantage优势；success成功；challenge挑战；chance机会。根据后文“for me to enjoy the magic places I have known from books and pictures.”可知这次旅行一个好的机会，故选D。
5．—Please help yourself to some ________.
—Thanks. How delicious it is!
A．eggs B．potatoes C．fish
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——请随便吃点鱼。——谢谢。它是多么美味啊！考查名词辨析。eggs鸡蛋；potatoes土豆；fish鱼，鱼肉。根据“How delicious it is!”可知it指代不可数名词，fish作“鱼肉”讲时是不可数名词。故选C。
6．This skirt feels soft. It’s made of ________.
A．glass B．paper C．silver D．cotton
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这个衬衫摸起来很软。它是由棉布制成的。考查名词词义辨析。glass玻璃；paper纸；silver银；cotton棉布。根据“This skirt feels soft.”可知衬衫应是棉布制的，故选D。
7．Once a term, there is a ________ meeting, so our parents and teachers can talk about our progress.
A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’ D．parent
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每学期有一次家长会，这样我们的家长和老师就可以讨论我们的进步。考查名词所有格。此处指的是“家长们的会议”，名词parents“父母”要用所有格形式，以s结尾的所有格直接加’，故选C。
8．I can’t remember when ________ is.
A．Teacher’s Day B．Womens’ day C．Father’s Day D．May’s Day
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我不记得父亲节是什么时候了。考查名词所有格。A选项的“教师节”是全体教师的节日，“teacher”应用复数形式，而以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格只需加“’ ”，所以其正确表达为 “Teachers’ Day”；B选项“妇女节”中不以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格需加“’s ”，所以其正确表达为“Women’s Day ”；D选项“劳动节”是不需要使用名词所有格的，其正确表达为“May Day”；只有C选项是正确表达。故选C。
9．—Fruit juice can be harmful to ________ teeth, Cathy.
—OK, I won’t let them drink too much.
A．kid B．kids C．kid’s D．kids’
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——果汁对孩子的牙齿有害，凯茜。——好吧，我不会让他们喝太多的。考查名词所有格。kid孩子；kids孩子们；kid’s 单数名词所有格；kids’复数名词所有格；此处指“果汁对孩子的牙齿有害”，用名词复数表泛指，填复数名词所有格；故选D。
10．— is it from the park to the supermarket
—It is about fifteen walk.
A．How long, minutes B．How far, minutes
C．How long, minutes’ D．How far, minutes’
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查疑问词以及名词所有格的用法。根据句意“---从公园道超市有多远？---大约15分钟的路程”。根据第一空，问的是距离，所以用how far，且how far可以和from...to...连用，排除A和C。根据句意，是15分钟的路程，翻译成“……的”，故选D。
【02 提升练】
一、单项选择
1．（2021·四川）Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________.
A．man teachers B．men teachers C．woman teachers D．women teacher
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们学校五分之三的教师是男教师。考查名词复数。结合动词are可知，名词要用复数形式，以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数，B选项正确，故选B。
2．（2021·湖南）We see some________ rising into the air at the opening of our new library.
A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在我们新图书馆的开馆仪式上，我们看到一些气球升到空中。考查名词复数。balloon可数名词，此前有some修饰，使用名词复数，balloon的复数是balloons，故选A。
3．（2020·湖南）—Can I help you, Madam
—Yes. I’d like some____________.
A．pears B．banana C．milks
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——夫人，需要帮忙吗？——是的，我想要一些梨。考查可数名词复数形式。pears梨；banana香蕉；milk是不可数名词，milks搭配不正确。根据答句中some可知，此处可以使用可数名词复数形式，pears是可数名词pear的复数形式，用在此处符合题意。故选A。
4．（2020·黑龙江）Would you please give me some ________on how to learn English well
A．advices B．suggestion C．advice
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你能就如何学好英语给我一些建议吗 考查名词。advice和suggestion都意为“建议”，advice是不可数名词，suggestion是可数名词，所以“一些建议”为some advice或some suggestions，根据句意，故选C。
5．（2019·江苏）On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the __________110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar
A．man B．men C．men's D．mens'
【答案】C
【详解】句意“4月24日，谢文俊在卡塔尔亚洲田径锦标赛男子110米跨栏上获得了金牌”。本题考查名词所有格。A.男人（单数）；B.男人（复数）；C.男人的；D.形式错误，应为men’s。根据hurdles可知，应用men,译为“男人的110米栏”，用名词所有格，men后没有s，用’s，故选C。
6．（2021·广西）Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm.
A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheep
【答案】C
【详解】句意：李叔叔有一个农场，在农场上有一些鸡和羊。考查名词复数用法。根据“there are some…on the farm”可知，农场上会有鸡和羊。some后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，chicken鸡，复数形式是chickens；sheep羊，复数形式是sheep，故选C。
7．（2020·四川）—Peter, how far is it from your home to school
—It's only five__________ walk.
A．minute B．minutes C．minute’s D．minutes’
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Peter，你家到学校有多远？——走路只要五分钟。考查名词所有格。根据语境可知，答句要表达的是“五分钟的步行路程”，minute是可数名词，前有five修饰，所以minute先要用复数形式，而名词所有格要加’s，本题minutes是复数名词，以s结尾的所有格直接加’即可。故选D。
8．（2020·湖北）Wuhan, one of the most important ________ in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.
A．cities B．citys C．city
【答案】A
【详解】句意：武汉是中国最重要的城市之一，以黄鹤楼而闻名。本题考查名词复数。city城市，以辅音字母加y结尾，变复数时，把y变为i再加es，city的复数为cities。one of the +形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示最......的......之一。故选A。
9．（2020·湖南）During the epidemic (疫情) many ________ in our city went to Hubei Province as volunteers.
A．woman doctor B．woman doctors C．women doctors
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在疫情期间，我们市的许多女医生以志愿者的身份前往湖北省。考查名词作定语。woman doctor 女医生；woman doctors 表述错误；women doctors 女医生。当名词作定语修饰复数名词时，名词为人的职业时，woman也要变为复数形式。故选C。
10．（2021·江苏）The ________ Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
A．180 kilometer long B．180 kilometers long
C．180-kilometer-long D．180-kilometers-long
【答案】C
【详解】句意：长180公里的连云港至徐州高铁今年向公众开放。考查名词作定语。此处作定语，排除AB；含有连字符的名词短语作定语，名词需要用单数。故选C。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）That famous _______ (write) gave us a report on Chinese culture yesterday.
12．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）As ________ (secret), you need to check emails and arrange (安排) meetings for your bosses.
13．（2021·江苏镇江·）These ________ (fisherman) homes are no longer in the boats because of the government’s no fishing law on Yangtze River.
14．（2021·上海）Shanghai Museum has a large ________ of works of art from home and abroad. (collect)
【答案】11 writer 12 secretaries 13 fishermen’s 14 collection
11【详解】句意：昨天那位著名作家给我们作了一篇关于中国文化的报告。此处在句中作主语，表示“作者”，用writer表示，此前有that修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填writer。
12【详解】句意：作为秘书，你们需要检查电子邮件并为你们的老板安排会议。根据“you need to check emails and arrange (安排) meetings for your bosses.”可知，这些应该是秘书的工作，secretary“秘书”，此处是泛指，应用复数形式，故填secretaries。
13【详解】句意：这些渔民的家不再在船上，因为政府的禁止在长江捕鱼的法律。these修饰复数名词，fisherman的复数形式是fishermen，此空修饰名词homes，要用名词所有格形式，故填fishermen’s。
14【详解】句意：上海博物馆收藏了大量的国内外艺术品。collect“收集”，动词；根据“a large...of”可知，空处应填入一个名词，collection“收藏品”，名词。故填collection。
三、根据首字母填空
15．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）More and more teenagers’ eyesight (视力) is becoming worse and worse, so parents and teachers should take action to stop the s________ from getting worse.
16．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）The teacher nodded to show his a________ to the monitor.
【答案】15 (s)ituation 16 (a)greement/(a)pproval
15【详解】句意：越来越多的青少年的视力变得越来越差，所以家长和老师应该采取行动阻止情况进一步恶化。根据“More and more teenagers’ eyesight (视力) is becoming worse and worse”及首字母可知，要想办法阻止青少年视力越来越差这一情况，situation表示“情况，形式”，特指这一种情况，用名词的单数形式即可，故填(s)ituation。
16【详解】句意：老师向班长点头表示同意。根据“nodded”可知，表示同意；再者根据“his”可知，此空需要名词形式，结合首字母提示，agreement和approval都是名词，均表示“同意”。故填(a)greement/(a)pproval。
四、阅读还原6选5 （2021·山东青岛·中考真题）
Nothing sounds better than a swim on a hot summer day. However, many teens, including some who are good swimmers drown each year. When someone is drowning, it’s often silent and happens very quickly. 17．. Here are some tips on how to prevent drowning when you go for a swim.
Never swim alone—even for a moment. You should go swimming with adults and make sure that they are able to keep you safe. 18．.
Enter the water carefully and feet first. Go in feet first so that you can know how deep the water is. Diving into unsafe water can lead to serious injuries.
19．. Take some time to stretch your body before you enter the water. Get your body prepared and safety will surely follow.
Learn lifesaving skills. 20．. CPR is one of the lifesaving skills that can help others who are near drowning.
Choose swimming areas carefully. 21．. Choose the areas with safety facilities and lifeguards.
Remember: in case of emergency, it’s always important to call for help first! All in all, keep swimming safety in mind when you are in and around the water.
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．Do body exercise
B．But it can be prevented
C．Warm up before swimming
D．It’s important to have an adult nearby watch for danger
E. Don’t go to the swimming areas that you don’t know well
F. Many schools and training centers now offer classes to learn these skills
【答案】
17．B 18．D 19．C 20．F 21．E
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了关于游泳时如何防止溺水的一些建议。
17．【详解】根据“Here are some tips on how to prevent drowning when you go for a swim.”可知，应该是说溺水是可以预防的，选项B“但它是可以预防的”符合语境。故选B。
18．【详解】根据“You should go swimming with adults and make sure that they are able to keep you safe.”可知，此段主要讲了出去游泳最好有成年人看着，选项D“有一个成年人在旁边查看危险是很重要的”符合语境。故选D。
19．【详解】根据“Take some time to stretch your body before you enter the water.”可知，此段主要讲了游泳前的热身运动，选项C“游泳前热身”符合语境。故选C。
20．【详解】根据“Learn lifesaving skills.”可知，此段主要讲了救生技能，选项F“许多学校和培训中心现在提供学习这些技能的课程”符合语境。故选F。
21．【详解】根据“Choose swimming areas carefully.”可知，此段跟游泳区域的选择有关，选项E“不要去你不熟悉的地方游泳”符合语境。故选E。
五、阅读单选（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）
Families celebrate National Grandparents Day in many ways. Every year at this time, we hear from our readers sharing their stories to give thanks and express love to their grandparents. Here is Cindy’s story.
My darling Grandfather, I don’t think I could ever find the words to describe the positive (积极的) influence you have had on my life. I’m writing to tell you how important you are in my life. Grandpa, I couldn’t imagine where I would be now without you and Grandma. Through all the difficulties, you two have been like a rock in my life and a peaceful island in a big lonely ocean. You have given me power in my life. Seeing you two again was always like a homecoming. When I came to visit, your loving arms welcomed me and we had wonderful times together talking and walking. You have shown me that there are men who are caring and good. I remember when I was a litle girl, how you held me tightly (紧紧地) when I couldn’t, sleep. You always spoke kindly to me. You have shown me what a family man is ---a man who gives what is best for his children. You always gave, even when it was not easy for you or when you were tired and unwell. You have also shown me what a caring husband is --- a man who loves his wife as much as he can. We know that no one is perfect, but in my whole life I never heard you raise your voice at Grandma or treat her disrespectfully(不尊重地). Grandpa, you gave me hope to believe that I could also be a responsible person one day: Thank you for your ongoing love and example to me. Your loving granddaughter, Cindy
22．Cindy is writing the letter to ________.
A．share stories with her grandparents B．tell her grandparents she will visit them
C．let her grandpa know how important he is D．show her grandpa what kind of person she has become
23．What does Cindy mean by saying the underlined sentence in the passage
A．She can always depend on her grandparents. B．She is always welcome in her grandparents, home.
C．Her grandparents give her too much pressure. D．Her grandparents are always kind to her.
24．What kind of person is Cindy’s grandpa
A．Kind and strict. B．Caring and responsible.
C．Serious and positive. D．Loving and impatient.
25．Grandpa has influenced Cindy in a positive way by ________.
A．taking her to a peaceful island B．solving her difficulties in life
C．speaking loudly to her D．setting a good example for her
26．Where is the passage most likely from
A．A poem collection. B．A geography magazine.
C．A local newspaper. D．A science-fiction novel.
【答案】
22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。主要是辛迪写给她爷爷的信。让她爷爷知道他有多重要，每个家庭成员是多么地爱他。
22．【详解】细节理解题。根据文中“I’m writing to tell you how important you are in my life.”可知， 辛迪写这封信是为了让她爷爷知道他有多重要。故选C。
23．【详解】词句猜测题。根据文中“Grandpa, I couldn’t imagine where I would be now without you and Grandma. Through all the difficulties, you two have been like a rock in my life and a peaceful island in a big lonely ocean. You have given me power in my life.”可知，辛迪无法想象没有爷爷和奶奶的日子。经历了所有的困难，他俩就像作者生命中的一块岩石，一个孤独的大海里的平静的小岛，给了辛迪生命中的力量，故猜测出，下划线句子的意思应是：她总是依靠她的祖父母。故选A。
24．【详解】推理判断题。根据文中“You have shown me that there are men who are caring and good. Grandpa, you gave me hope to believe that I could also be a responsible person one day: Thank you for your ongoing love and example to me.”可推理出，辛迪的爷爷是关心和负责任的人。故选B。
25．【详解】推理判断题。根据文中“Grandpa,you gave me hope to believe that I could also be a responsible person one day: Thank you for your ongoing love and example to me.”可推理出， 爷爷给辛迪树立了一个好榜样，对她产生了积极的影响。故选D。
26．【详解】推理判断题。根据文中“Families celebrate National Grandparents Day in many ways.Every year at this time, we hear from our readers sharing their stories to give thanks and express love to their grandparents.Here is Cindy's story.”可知，家庭以多种方式庆祝祖父母节，我们都会听到读者分享他们的故事，向他们的祖父母表示感谢和爱，本文是辛迪的故事。故推断文章最有可能来自一份当地报纸。故选C。