2021-2022学年冀教版七年级数学上册《4-4整式的加减》解答题专题提升训练(附答案)
1.化简求值:3x2y﹣[2xy2﹣2(xy﹣x2y)+xy]+3xy2,其中x=3,y=﹣.
2.化简:3.
3.先化简,再求值:3x2y﹣[2x2y﹣3(2xy﹣x2y)﹣xy],其中x=﹣,y=2.
4.先化简,再求值:4x2y﹣[6xy﹣3(4xy﹣2)+4x2y﹣1],其中x=1,y=﹣1.
5.化简下列各式:
(1)﹣6a+(2a﹣2)﹣(3a﹣7);
(2)3x2y﹣[4xy2﹣2(xy2x2y)+1].
6.先化简,再求值:3x2y﹣[xy﹣2(2xy2﹣2x2y)﹣2xy]﹣4xy2,其中x=﹣2,y=.
7.先化简,再求值:2x2﹣[3(﹣x2+xy)﹣(xy﹣3x2)]+2xy,其中x是最小的正整数,y是2的相反数.
8.先化简,再求值:2x2﹣[3(﹣x2+xy)﹣(xy﹣3x2)]+2xy,其中x是2的相反数,y是最大的负整数.
9.先化简后求值:4x2﹣[6xy+(y2+2x2)﹣2(3xy﹣y2)],其中x=﹣1,y=.
10.先化简,再求值:5ab2﹣[6a2b﹣3(ab2+2a2b)],其中a=2,b=﹣1.
11.先化简,再求值:
(1)(8x﹣7y)﹣3(4x﹣5y)其中:x=﹣2,y=﹣1.
(2)3ab2﹣2(2a2b﹣3ab2)+3(2a2b﹣3ab),其中a=﹣2,b=.
12.先化简,再求值:3xy2﹣[xy﹣2(2x﹣x2y)+2xy2]+3x2y,其中x=﹣2,y=﹣.
13.化简并求值:5x2﹣[x2﹣2x﹣2(x2﹣3x+1)],其中3x2=2x+5.
14.先化简,再求值;.
15.先化简,再求值4[x2﹣2(y2+xy﹣2)]+2(x2+2y2),其中x=﹣2,y=﹣3.
16.先化简,再求值,其中x=1,.
17.先化简再求值:3(x2﹣2xy)﹣[3x2﹣2y+2(2xy+y)],其中x=﹣1,y=2.
18.先化简,再求值(2a2b+2ab2)﹣[2(a2b﹣1)+3ab2﹣2],其中a=,b=﹣2.
19.先化简,再求值:3x2y﹣[2xy2﹣2(xy﹣x2y)+xy]+3xy2,其中x=﹣,y=3.
20.先化简,再求值:5(2ab2﹣3a2b)﹣4(ab2﹣2a2b)+7a2b,其中a=﹣2,b=.
21.先化简,再求值:5x2﹣[x2﹣(2x﹣5x2)﹣2( x2﹣3x)],其中x=﹣2.
22.先化简,再求值:5x2﹣[2xy+3(xy﹣2)+4x2],其中x=﹣2,y=.
23.先化简,再求值:5x2﹣3(2x2+4y)+2(x2﹣y),其中x=﹣2,.
24.先化简,再求值:2ab2﹣[a3b+2(ab2﹣a3b)]﹣5a3b,其中a=﹣2,b=.
25.先化简下列多项式,再求值:
5ab﹣2[3ab﹣(4ab2+ab)]﹣5ab2,其中a=﹣1,b=.
26.先化简,再求值:2ab+6(a2b+ab2)﹣[3a2b﹣2(1﹣ab﹣2ab2)],其中a为最大的负整数,b为最小的正整数.
27.先化简,再求值:2x2﹣[3(﹣x2+xy)﹣(xy﹣3x2)]+2xy,其中x是﹣2的倒数,y是最大的负整数.
28.先化简,再求值:3(x2﹣2xy)﹣[3x2﹣2y+2(xy+y)],其中x=﹣4,y=2.
29.先化简,再求值:,其中x=﹣3,y=.
30.先化简,再求值:,其中a,b满足条件.
参考答案
1.解:原式=3x2y﹣(2xy2﹣2xy+3x2y+xy)+3xy2,
=3x2y﹣2xy2+2xy﹣3x2y﹣xy+3xy2,
=xy2+xy,
当中x=3,y=﹣时,
原式=3×+3×(﹣)=﹣1=﹣.
2.解:原式=3x2﹣[5x﹣x+6+2x2]
=3x2﹣4x﹣6﹣2x2
=x2﹣4x﹣6.
3.解:3x2y﹣[2x2y﹣3(2xy﹣x2y)﹣xy]
=3x2y﹣[2x2y﹣6xy+3x2y﹣xy]
=3x2y﹣2x2y+6xy﹣3x2y+xy
=﹣2x2y+7xy
当x=﹣,y=2时,
原式=﹣2×(﹣)2×2+7×(﹣)×2
=﹣8.
4.解:原式=4x2y﹣(6xy﹣12xy+6+4x2y﹣1)
=4x2y﹣6xy+12xy﹣6﹣4x2y+1
=6xy﹣5;
当x=1,y=﹣1时,
原式=6×1×(﹣1)﹣5
=﹣6﹣5
=﹣11.
5.解:(1)原式=﹣6a+2a﹣2﹣3a+7
=﹣7a+5.
(2)原式=3x2y﹣(4xy2﹣2xy2+3x2y+1)
=3x2y﹣(3x2y+2xy2+1)
=3x2y﹣3x2y﹣2xy2﹣1
=﹣2xy2﹣1.
6.解:原式=3x2y﹣(xy﹣4xy2+4x2y﹣2xy)﹣4xy2
=3x2y﹣(﹣xy﹣4xy2+4x2y)﹣4xy2
=3x2y+xy+4xy2﹣4x2y﹣4xy2
=﹣x2y+xy,
当x=﹣2 y=时,
原式=﹣4×+(﹣2)×
=﹣2﹣1
=﹣3.
7.解:∵x是最小的正整数,y是2的相反数,
∴x=1,y=﹣2,
∴2x2﹣[3(﹣x2+xy)﹣(xy﹣3x2)]+2xy
=2x2﹣(﹣5x2+2xy﹣xy+3x2)+2xy
=2x2+5x2﹣2xy+xy﹣3x2+2xy
=4x2+xy
=4+(﹣2)
=2.
8.解:∵x是2的相反数,y是最大的负整数,
∴x=﹣2,y=﹣1,
∴2x2﹣[3(﹣x2+xy)﹣(xy﹣3x2)]+2xy
=2x2﹣(﹣5x2+2xy﹣xy+3x2)+2xy
=2x2+5x2﹣2xy+xy﹣3x2+2xy
=4x2+xy
=4×4+2
=18.
9.解:4x2﹣[6xy+(y2+2x2)﹣2(3xy﹣y2)]
=4x2﹣(6xy+y2+2x2﹣6xy+y2)
=4x2﹣6xy﹣y2﹣2x2+6xy﹣y2
=2x2﹣2y2,
当x=﹣1,y=时,
原式=2×1﹣2×=.
10.解:5ab2﹣[6a2b﹣3(ab2+2a2b)]
=5ab2﹣(6a2b﹣3ab2﹣6a2b)
=5ab2﹣6a2b+3ab2+6a2b
=8ab2,
当a=2,b=﹣1时,
原式=8×2×1=16.
11.解:(1)原式=8x﹣7y﹣12x+15y=﹣4x+8y,
当x=﹣2,y=﹣1时,原式=﹣4×(﹣2)+8×(﹣1)=8﹣8=0;
(2)原式=3ab2﹣4a2b+6ab2+6a2b﹣9ab
=9ab2+2a2b﹣9ab,
当a=﹣2,b=时,
原式=9×(﹣2)×+2×4×﹣9×(﹣2)×=﹣+4+9=8.5.
12.解:原式=3xy2﹣(xy﹣4x+3x2y+2xy2)+3x2y
=3xy2﹣xy+4x﹣3x2y﹣2xy2+3x2y
=xy2﹣xy+4x,
当x=﹣2,y=﹣时,
原式=﹣2×﹣2×+4×(﹣2)=﹣﹣1﹣8=﹣9.
13.解:原式=5x2﹣(x2﹣2x﹣2x2+6x﹣2)
=5x2﹣x2+2x+2x2﹣6x+2
=6x2﹣4x+2,
∵3x2=2x+5,
∴3x2﹣2x=5,
∴6x2﹣4x=10,
则原式=10+2=12.
14.解:原式=3x2y﹣(6xy﹣8xy+4﹣x2y)+1
=3x2y﹣6xy+8xy﹣4+x2y+1
=4x2y+2xy﹣3.
当x=﹣,y=﹣1时,原式=4××(﹣1)+2×(﹣)×(﹣1)+1
=﹣1+1﹣3
=﹣3.
15.解:4[x2﹣2(y2+xy﹣2)]+2(x2+2y2)
=4[x2﹣2y2﹣2xy+4]+2x2+4y2
=4x2﹣8y2﹣8xy+16+2x2+4y2
=6x2﹣4y2﹣8xy+16
当x=﹣2,y=﹣3时,
原式=6×4﹣4×9﹣8×6+16=﹣44.
16.解:原式=3xy﹣(2x2﹣3x2+4xy+6)﹣4x2+2
=3xy﹣2x2+3x2﹣4xy﹣6﹣4x2+2
=﹣3x2﹣xy﹣4,
当x=1,y=时,原式=﹣3×1﹣1×﹣4=﹣3﹣﹣4=﹣7.
17.解:原式=3x2﹣6xy﹣(3x2﹣2y+4xy+2y)
=3x2﹣6xy﹣3x2﹣4xy
=﹣10xy,
当 x=﹣1,y=2 时,
原式=20.
18.解:(2a2b+2ab2)﹣[2(a2b﹣1)+3ab2﹣2]
=2a2b+2ab2﹣(2a2b﹣2+3ab2﹣2)
=2a2b+2ab2﹣2a2b+2﹣3ab2+2
=﹣ab2+4,
当a=,b=﹣2时,
原式=﹣×4+4=﹣2+4=2.
19.解:原式=3x2y﹣(2xy2﹣2xy+3x2y+xy)+3xy2
=3x2y﹣2xy2+2xy﹣3x2y﹣xy+3xy2
=xy2+xy,
当x=﹣,y=3,原式=×9﹣3=﹣3﹣1=﹣4.
20.解:原式=10ab2﹣15a2b﹣4ab2+8a2b+7a2b
=6ab2,
当a=﹣2,b=时,原式=6×
=﹣.
21.解:原式=5x2﹣(x2﹣2x+5x2﹣2x2+6x)
=5x2﹣x2+2x﹣5x2+2x2﹣6x
=x2﹣4x,
当x=﹣2时,原式=(﹣2)2﹣4×(﹣2)=4+8=12.
22.解:原式=5x2﹣(2xy+xy﹣6+4x2)
=5x2﹣2xy﹣xy+6﹣4x2
=x2﹣3xy+6,
当x=﹣2,y=时,
原式=(﹣2)2﹣3×(﹣2)×+6
=4+3+6
=13.
23.解:原式=5x2﹣6x2﹣12y+2x2﹣2y
=x2﹣14y,
当x=﹣2,时,
原式=(﹣2)2﹣14×
=4﹣2
=2.
24.解:2ab2﹣[a3b+2(ab2﹣a3b)]﹣5a3b
=2ab2﹣a3b﹣2(ab2﹣a3b)﹣5a3b
=2ab2﹣a3b﹣2ab2+a3b﹣5a3b
=﹣5a3b,
当a=﹣2,b=时,
原式=﹣5×(﹣2)3×
=8.
25.解:5ab﹣2[3ab﹣(4ab2+ab)]﹣5ab2
=5ab﹣
=5ab﹣6ab+8ab2+ab﹣5ab2
=3ab2;
把a=﹣1,b=代入上式得:=.
26.解:原式=2ab+3a2b+6ab2﹣3a2b+2﹣2ab﹣4ab2
=(2ab﹣2ab)+2+(3a2b﹣3a2b)+(6ab2﹣4ab2)
=2ab2+2,
∵a为最大的负整数,b为最小的正整数,
∴a=﹣1,b=1,
∴原式=2×(﹣1)×1+2
=0.
27.解:原式=2x2+5x2﹣2xy+xy﹣3x2+2xy
=4x2+xy,
∵x是﹣2的倒数,y是最大的负整数,
∴x=﹣,y=﹣1,
则原式=1.
28.解:原式=(3x2﹣6xy)﹣3x2+2y﹣2(xy+y)
=3x2﹣6xy﹣3x2+2y﹣2xy﹣2y
=﹣8xy,
当x=﹣4,y=2时,原式=﹣8×(﹣4)×2=64.
29.解:原式=5x2﹣(2xy﹣x﹣6x+4x2),
=5x2﹣2xy+7x﹣4x2,
=x2﹣2xy+7x,
当x=﹣3,时,
原式=(﹣3)2﹣2×(﹣3)×+7×(﹣3),
=9+3﹣21,
=﹣9.
30.解:∵|a﹣2|+|b﹣|=0,
∴a﹣2=0,b﹣=0,
解得:a=2,b=,
则原式=3a2b﹣(﹣4ab2+5ab2+2a2b+a2b)+3a2b
=3a2b+4ab2﹣5ab2﹣2a2b﹣a2b+3a2b
=a2b﹣ab2,
当a=2,b=时,
原式=×4×﹣2×
=.