人教版（新课程标准）必修1 Unit 3 Travel journal单元重难点词汇课堂（63张ppt）

(共63张PPT)
教材版本：人教
册别单元：B1U3
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
prefer
flow
persuade
organize
determine
journey
view
用法、
搭配
一词多义
一词多义
一词多义
辨析义
一词多义
英语释义
重难点词
用法、
搭配
— Sit down, please. 请坐。
— I prefer to stand, thank you. 谢谢，我更愿意站着。
漫画一
漫画二
Nice, but I still prefer dogs. 很好，但是我还是更喜欢狗。
prefer
prefer
vt [不用于进行时] 更喜欢；更愿意：
— Tea or coffee 喝茶还是咖啡？
— I’d prefer tea, thanks. 我喜欢茶，谢谢。
She prefers her coffee black.
她更喜欢喝清咖啡。
① prefer sb / sth to do sth:
I’d prefer you to start early. 我更希
望你早点出发。北师大⑧ – 24
I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only. 我希望我的英语课是全英语授课。

② prefer to do sth / doing sth:
Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. 有些人
喜欢在网上做几乎一切事情。2013 安徽
I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sunday. 周日我喜欢一整天把自己关在屋
里听音乐。
③ prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:
I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better. 比起那条绿裙子，我更喜欢那条红色的，因为它适合我。 人教① – 3
I would prefer reading books to watching television.
比起看电视，我还是喜欢读书。
此结构中to是介词，而不是动词不定式符号。其后接名词或者动名词，为保持前后
对应，prefer后也接动名词。
④ prefer + that 从句：
They preferred the money (should) be used for building schools and hospitals. 他们愿意拿这笔钱来建学校和医院。
I would prefer that you didn’t mention my name. 我希望你不要提我的名字。
prefer + that 从句结构中，从句中用虚拟语气。
preference
[C] & [U] 偏爱；优先 (权)：
A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils. 老师不应对任何一个学生有所偏爱。
in order of preference 按优先顺序
[C] 偏爱的事物 / 人：
Wine or beer Which is your preference 葡萄酒还是啤酒？你更喜欢哪种？
preferred adj 首选的；有优先权的
n

一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I’d prefer _____________________ (travel) by train.
2. I prefer my English classes _____________________ (teach) in English only.
3. I prefer going out for a more active life on Sundays to _____________________(stay) at home all day.
二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. Some people ____________________________(喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山).
2. My parents ____________________________(更喜欢早起) in the morning. (2014 四川阅读)

travelling / to travel
to be taught
staying
prefer walking to climbing
prefer getting up / to get up early
flow
鼠标放这里
点我有惊喜
vi
(液体、气体、电等) 流动；流出：
The water flows into the Niagara River and over
the falls on its way to the sea.
湖水流入尼亚加拉河，再经过大瀑布，流向大海。
人教③ – 5
[比喻人或事物像水一样] 流逝；畅通；流淌：
Time flows away. 光阴流逝。
Her hair flowed down over her shoulders.
她的头发垂到肩上。
Trucks and cars flowed along the highway.
卡车和汽车在公路上川流不息。
flow
n [C] & [U] 流；流动：
a flow of people / cars 人流 / 车流
free flow of information 信息的自由交流。
一、请将下列英语短语或句子翻译成汉语。
1. flow freely ___________________
2. flow in the wind ___________________
3. Rivers flow into the sea. ___________________
4. The crowd flowed out of the station. ___________________
5. Tears flowed down his cheeks. _______________________
6. The colored flags flow in the wind. _______________________
7. The lines in this painting flow. _______________________
8. Her hair flowed down her back. _______________________
自由流动
在风中流动
百川归海。
人群涌出车站。
他泪流满面。
彩旗迎风飘扬。
这幅画线条流畅。
她的头发飘垂在她的背后。
二、请将下列短语或句子翻译成英语。
1. 气流 ___________________
2. 数据流 ___________________
3. 缓缓地流淌 ___________________
4. 流入大海 ___________________
5. 这条河流经这个城市。 ____________________________
6. 时间流逝。 ____________________________
7. 那条河从东向西流。 ___________________________
8. 河水漫过堤岸。 ____________________________
air flow
data flow
flow quietly
flow into the sea
The river flows through the city.
Time flows away.
The river flows from east to west.
The river flowed over the bank.
persuade
生活中有的时候我们不得不试图说服别人。比如，你可能要说服朋友一起去看你最喜欢的电影，或是说服父母给你买某样东西。劝说是一门艺术，需要的不仅仅是口若悬河。你认为应该如何劝说别人呢？
persuade
vt
说服；劝服 (talk into)：
She is always easily persuaded. 她总是很容易被说服。
persuade sb to do sth:
She persuaded my father to go to a dental school. 她说服我父亲去牙科学校学习。 2010 江苏改
后接不定式的复合结构
persuade sb into (doing) sth:
I managed to persuade my classmates into
accepting my idea. 我说服了我的同学接受
我的想法。2015 浙江书面表达
persuade sb out of (doing) sth:
We persuaded him out of his foolish plan.
我们说服了他放弃那项愚蠢的计划。
persuade sb into / out of doing sth 说服某人做 / 不做某事
使相信；使信服 (convince)：
persuade sb of sth:
I’m persuaded of his honesty. 我相信他是诚实的。
persuade sb + that 从句:
I persuaded him that I was telling the truth.
我使他相信我讲的是实情。
persuade sb of sth
使某人相信某事
persuade sb后接that从句，sb不能省略
persuasion n [U] 说服
persuasive adj 有说服力的
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. He decided to persuade his grandpa __________ (set) the bird free.
2. Get a coffee machine for your home or office, or persuade your
company _________ buying one. (Tell them it will improve
productivity (生产率). ) (2010 浙江)
3. My parents persuade me _____ the importance of going to college.
into
of
to set
二、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. _________________________________ (由于没有说服我父母), I failed to go to a music school, where my interest lay. (persuade) (2013 湖北)
2. There is nothing more I can _________________________ (劝说你留下来), so I wish you good luck.
3. She didn’t really want to go to Beijing, but Tony _________________ (说服了她) somehow.
4. Advertisements __________________ (使我们相信) newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. (2015 安徽)
Not having persuaded my parents
try to persuade you to stay
managed to persuade her
persuade us that
organize / organise
Organize Your Mind, Organize Your Life是一本读者指南，旨在帮助读者通过训练自己的头脑、“组织”自己的思维以求事半功倍，“安排”好自己的生活。现在让我们来看看这个“组织”和“安排”吧！
organize语义网络
组织
(基本义)
“组织”活动
“组织”时间、观点等抽象事物
“组织”有共同目标的人
组建(组织、政党等)
安排；分配
组织；为…安排；筹备
vt 组织；为…作安排 ；筹备 to plan or arrange an event, activity, etc.：
organize a meeting / party / trip 组织会议 / 聚会 / 旅行
I knew nothing about organizing any big event. 对于筹备大型活动我一无所知。 2012 天津
v
英语释义帮助理解
organize / organise / /
vt 安排；分配 to put or arrange things
into a system or logical order：
You should try and organize your time better. 你应
该更好地安排时间。
When writing an article, we should read the topic
carefully and organize our ideas. 写文章时我们要
仔细阅读题目并组织好思路。 2009 福建改
英语释义帮助理解
vt & vi 组建(组织、政党等)：
organize into a union / party 组建工会 / 政党
The scientists need to organize themselves into a team. 这些科学家需要组成一个团队。
低义频释义，需要单独记忆
[只用于名词前] 有组织的；有安排的：
organized crime 有组织的犯罪活动
I want to work with a well organized team. 我想和
组织良好的团队一起工作。
有序的；有条理的：
a very organized person 很有条理的人
词汇拓展
adj
organized / organised / /
organizer / organiser
/ ( )/
[C] 组织者
词汇拓展
n
根据汉语补全下列句子。
1. 会议组织得很糟糕。
The meeting was ____________________.
2. 课后会组织小组活动帮助孩子们培养团队精神。(2014
重庆 单选)
______________________________ after class to help children develop team spirit.
3. 要写出好文章，必须先从逻辑上理顺思绪。
To write a good essay you must first _________________ logically.
4. 大家要我组织这次旅游，可是我把事情搞砸了。
I was asked to _______________, but I messed it up.
Group activities will be organized
badly organized
organize your ideas
organize the trip
determine
Your attitude determines your altitude.
你的态度决定你的高度。
Keywords 关键词
determine = decide 这两个词到底有什么关系呢？
词源解读
词源义是“确定 / 决定”，产生于14世纪中期；“决心 (做某事)”产生于15世纪中期。
vt 确定；查明 to find sth out ：
Investigators are still trying to determine what caused the fire.
调查人员仍在设法找出失火的原因。
determine v [正式用语]
借助find out 帮助理解
掌握determine + wh-从句
正式用语，用于比较正式的场合和文体
vt 是…的决定因素；影响 to fix or decide sth：
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success.
决定成功的是努力而非智力。2008 湖北
Demand determines supply.
需求决定供给。
通过fix和decide帮助理解
低义频释义需留意
vt & vi 决心；决定 to decide sth firmly：
I determine to make more efforts to improve my English.
我决心更加努力提高英语水平。
She determined that nothing should be changed in her report.
她决意不对自己的报告作任何修改。
We determined on an early start.
我们决定早点出发。
借助decide帮助理解
牢记词块determine to do, determine that, determine on
summary
尝试翻译这句话，感受determine和decide的异同
【拓展】
过去分词形容词
determined adj
有决心的；意志坚定的：
My father was determined that none of his children would be denied an education. 我父亲决意不让自己的一个孩子不接受教育。 2015 福建改
(be) determined to do sth:
Amazed at how skilful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀。 2013 浙江
有“决心”做某事
坚决的；坚定的：
She gave me a determined look — the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——表明她是不会改变主意的。 人教① – 3
表现出有决心的行为
句式结构
【拓展】 名词
determination R3 n [U] 决定；决心；果断：
carry out the plan with determination 坚决执行计划
名 The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.
人生最重要的事情是确定一个伟大的目标，并下定决心去实现
它。 ——歌德
determination是determine的派生词，由determine + -ation构成；
掌握词块determination to do sth 做某事的决心；有时根据语境，表示“下定决心”可以用“have the determination”表达 。
【词汇知识拓展】
determiner是英语语法术语中的“限定词”，用于修饰和限定名词， 明确性质范围的一系列词。包括：冠词 (the, a, an)，指示代词 (this / that / …)，形容词性物主代词 (his / her / …)，名词所有格 (his / hers / ours / …)，数词等等。
练一练
一、写出下列句子中determine的汉语释义。
1. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.
__________
2. It is difficult to determine the exact cause of the illness.
__________
3. The date of the court case has not yet been determined.
__________
4. How hard the swimmers work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics. __________
决定
决定
确定
确定
二、在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She’s sure to get the job she wants – she’s a very ___________ (determine) person.
2. Jane was determined not ___________ (go) against her father’s wishes and accept his advice.
3. He is an excellent lawyer (律师) with a good brain and a ___________ (determine) to achieve. (2009 陕西)
4. Black holes can not be seen directly, so ___________ (determine) the number of them is very difficult.
determined
to go
determination
determining
三、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. It is not what you are given but how you make use of it that _______________________ (决定你是谁). (2012 湖北)
2. Realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy ____________________________ (决心停下不玩游戏).
3. If we ______________________________ (有勇气和决心), we will finally get the sunshine we want. (2010 北京书面表达)
determines who you are
is determined to stop playing games
have the courage and determination
图中的旅游景点去过了吗？那么你去这些景点是用journey, voyage, trip 还是 tour来描述呢？
journey, voyage, trip, tour 辨析
journey, voyage, trip, tour 词源义
journey来自法语journée，跟jour（白天，天，即day）有关，所以本意是“一天的行程”，引申义是“行程”“人生旅程”，主要指的是“行程” 。
来自古法语voiage，旅行，航程，词源同via, way。后主要指航海。
tour来自tourner（转动，即turn），所以tour有“巡游，巡回”的意思，指在某个地方转一圈观光的那种旅行。
来自古法语 triper“跳动，舞动” ，引申词义为“轻快的走，跑，跳，远足，旅行” 。
四者都含“旅行”之意，但具体含义不同。
journey指长途旅行或经常性的旅行，强调旅行本身，有时行程较艰难或不含回程的意义。
It’s a two-hour train journey from York to London.从约克到伦敦坐火车有两小时的路程。
He makes the journey to Moscow three times a year. 他一年要去莫斯科三次。
voyage指长途旅行，通常走海路或乘飞机、飞船等。
The ship set out on a long voyage. 这艘轮船开始了远洋航行。
journey, voyage, trip, tour
trip指短途往返的旅行或不常为之的旅行，强调目的或出行原因。
a trip to the seaside 一次海滨之行
Do you want to go on the school trip to France this year 你想参加今年学校组织的赴法旅行吗？
tour侧重指“观光游览”，往往在旅行过程中参观多个景点。
We went on a guided tour round the castle. 我们由导游带着参观了城堡。
A bus took us on a sightseeing tour of the city. 我们乘坐大巴游览了这座城市。
1. It’s the ___________, not the arrival, that counts. (2015 天津)
2. Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life ____________. (2013 安徽)
3. I wish I had been at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business ____________ in New York then. (2015 天津)
4. Ridgway won his fame for his ____________ across the Atlantic.
5. As soon as we arrived, we went on a ____________ of the city. (2014 北京)
选词填空。
journey, trip, tour, voyage
journey
journey
trip
voyage
tour
view
断章
卞之琳
你站在桥上看风景，
看风景人在楼上看你。
明月装饰了你的窗子，
你装饰了别人的梦。
欣赏译文并比较：
英译本一 · 许景城译
You stand on the bridge viewing the sight;
You’re beheld by the viewer from height.
The moon bedecks your window agleam,
While you adorn to another’s dream.
英译本二 · 杨宪益、戴乃迭译
When you watch the scenery from the bridge,
The sightseer watches you from the balcony.
The bright moon adorns your window,
While you adorn another’s dream.
英译本三 · 叶维廉译
You stand upon the bridge to look at the landscape.
A landscape viewer upon the tower looks at you.
The moon decorates your window.
You decorate other people’s dreams.
英译本四 · 赵彦春译
On the bridge you look at the view
That viewer on the tower looks at you
The moon decorates your window with its beam
And you decorate the other's dream
上面四个译文，你更喜欢谁的翻译呢？
这首诗里的“风景”有的译成“view”，有的译成“scenery”、“sight”、 “landscape” 。
view词源
研究词源后不难发现，view名词的词源义“(对土地的) 正式视察”已经消失；而15世纪中期产生的意义“视觉”是它的基本义。这一意义源自于拉丁语videre (to see)，和英语vision是同根词。
view语义网络
视觉
view
肉眼看到的范围
看到的景色
对人或事物的看法
视野；视线
风景；景色
理解或思维
的方法；方式
看待事物的方式
观点；看法
基本义
人
到
物
外
到
到
内
具
抽
象
体
由
由
由
view
■ n
[U] 视野；视线 the ability to see sth or to be seen from a particular place：
There was usually nobody in view except some sheep in the grassland. 在草原上常常看不到一个人，只能看到一些羊。
The lake came into view as we turned the corner. 转过弯，我们就看见那个湖了。
Sit down — you’re blocking my view. 坐下，你挡住我的视线了。
注意搭配in view, come into view, block sb’s view
[C] 风景；景色 what you can see from a particular place：
While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. 爬山时，我们沐浴着温暖的阳光，欣赏着美丽的风景。2008 北京书面表达
I’d like a room with a sea view. 我想要一间海景房。
侧重表示从某处可看到的“远景”，尤指从窗口、高处等看到的景色。
[C] 观点；看法 an opinion or idea about sth (opinion)：
Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong. 每个人都可能会认为自己是对的，而对方的观点是错的。2009 江苏
Jill and I have different views on / about the
subject. 我和吉尔在这个话题上的观点不同。
In my view, playing computer games is a waste of time. 在我看来，玩电脑游戏浪费时间。
Can’t you see things from my point of view 你就不能从我的角度看待事物吗？2013 重庆
与介词on / about搭配
in sb’s view和from sb’s point of view是高考写作常用词块。
释义比较抽象，不好理解，可通过英语释义和例句帮助加深理解。
[U] 理解或思维的方法 / 方式 a way of thinking about or understanding sth：
my world view 我的世界观
Your view of life is different from mine. 你的人生观跟我的不同。
in view of 鉴于；考虑到：
In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors. 由于天气的缘故，这项比赛将在室内进行。
on view 在展出；展览着：
The painting is currently on view at the gallery. 那幅画目前在美术馆展出。
vt
[正式用语] 看；观看；观赏：
These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor. 从谷底看上去，群山壮丽。
看待 (see)：
We view film as a type of contemporary art. 我们把电影视作一种当代艺术。译林⑧ – 4
viewer n [C] (电视) 观众；观察者；看片器
加-er派生成名词viewer
对应名词释义
对应名词释义
view, scene, scenery, sight, landscape
辨析
view 侧重表示从某处可看到的“远景”，尤指从窗口、高处等看到的景色。
scene 所指的景色或场面常包括人、动物或事物的活动，还可指山水风光、舞台场景。
scenery 侧重指一个国家或一个地区的总的自然风景，尤指乡间景色，还可指舞台布景、风景画。
sight 指收入眼帘的景色。当指名胜、风景时用复数形式，尤指城里的名胜、风景。
landscape指陆地上或乡村的风景。
一、写出下列句子中view的汉语释义。
1. I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. (2014 全国)
2. Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life (2015 天津)
3. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable. (2016 全国)
4. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums. (2011 湖南)
5. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. (2016 全国)
视野；视线
视作
看；观看
观点
眼界
二、写出下列短语的英语形式。
1. 挡住某人的视线
2. 映入眼帘
3. 人生观
4. 鉴于；考虑到
三、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 关于这个话题，我们有不同的观点。。
We have ______________________ the subject.
2. 在我看来，人和人之间没有什么差别。
_____________________________, there is no difference
between one person and another.
block sb’s view
come into view
view of life
in view of
different views on / about
From my point of view / In my view