2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题10 动词的语态（33张ppt）

(共33张PPT)
第二篇　攻专题 · 能力提升
第一部分　中考语法专题突破
专题十 动词的语态
知识网络
动词的语态
1．被动语态的常考类型
考点精析
常考 类型 被动语态结构 举例 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 am/is/are＋done We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us.教室被我们打扫。
知识精讲
常考类型 被动语态结构 举例 主动语态 被动语态
一般过去时 was/were＋done He made the kite yesterday.他昨天做了这个风筝。 The kite was made by him yesterday.这个风筝是他昨天做的。
一般 将来时 ①will be＋done ②am/is/are going to be＋done They will plant trees next year.他们明年将植树。 Trees will be planted by themnext year.明年，树将由他们种植。
常考类型 被动语态结构 举例 主动语态 被动语态
现在 完成时 have/has been＋done Jim has mended the car.吉姆已经修好了车。 The car has been mended
by Jim.车已经被吉姆修好了。
含情态 动词 情态动词＋ be done We can see the stars at night.我们在晚上能看到星星。 The stars can be seen by us at night.星星在晚上能被我们看见。
常考类型 被动语态结构 举例 主动语态 被动语态
现在 进行时 am/is/are being＋done I am washing my father's car.我正在洗我爸爸的车。 My father's car is being washed by me.我爸爸的车正在被我洗。
2．主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)将主动语态的主语变为被动语态的宾语，放在by之后。
(2)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
注意：当主动语态的宾语为双宾语时，句子变为被动语态时，直接宾语和间接宾语都可作为被动语态的主语。
(3)将主动语态的谓语改为被动语态结构。
(4)句中的时间状语、地点状语等保持不变。
将句子变为被动语态的口诀： 宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
3.使用被动语态的注意事项
(1)某些动词(如open、lock、write、read、sell、drive)在句中作谓语，且它们的主语为物时，用主动语态表示被动意义。
(2)使役动词(如have、make)和感官动词(如see、watch、hear、notice)在被动语态中时，其后的不定式符号to不能省略。
(3)某些表示状态的动词(如own、have)没有被动语态。
(4)look、taste、feel、sound、smell等系动词以及be worth doing、need/require doing等结构，使用主动形式表示被动含义。
4．使用被动语态的情况
(1)不清楚动作的执行者是谁。
(2)不需要说明动作的执行者是谁。
(3)只强调或突出动作的承受者。
(4)出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿说出动作的执行者。
(5)有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态，如be born。
1．根据提示词by及时间状语确定答案。
【例题】 (2019·北京)My advice on how to save paper________by my class last Monday.
A．accepts B．accepted
C．was accepted D．is accepted
【答案】C
方法突破
【解析】由关键词by可知此处要用被动语态，排除A、B两项；由时间状语 last Monday可知，此处应用一般过去时态。
【跟进训练1】 A bridge will _________(build)by the workers in a month.
be built　
2．根据语境分析选项中所给动词与空前的名词在逻辑上的关系，如果是动宾关系，则句子用被动语态。然后再结合句中的时间状语确定最终答案。
【例题】 (2021·辽宁大连)The 2022 Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou.
A．hold B．held
C．will be held D．have held
【答案】C
【解析】分析句子结构可知，主语The 2022 Asian Games与动词hold存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故句子要用被动语态。选项中只有C项为被动语态，故选C。
【跟进训练2】 (2021·青海改编)—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That's true.They ___ in senior high school entrance examination.
A．are tested B．were tested
C．will be tested D．test
C　
1．(2020·广元改编)He said “Happiness is __________(achieve) through hard work”．
2．(2019·成都)Being e_________ by my teachers，I can solve almost all the problems that seemed difficult for me at first.
3．(2019·攀枝花)If we put rubbish and chemicals in the water, the water will be p________.
四川中考真题精练
achieved　
ncouraged　
olluted　
4．(2021·泸州)“I'm still working because I'm still capable and hope to guide more young people，”said Wu Mengchao when he___.
A．is interviewed
B．is interviewing
C．was interviewed
D．was interviewing
C　
5．(2020·泸州)Our plan to have a graduation ceremony___in the next class meeting.
A．was discussed B．will discuss
C．is discussed D．will be discussed
6．(2019·泸州)—Wow，the room looks so bright and tidy!
—Yes，it ___every day.
A．is cleaned B．cleans
C．was cleaned D．cleaned
D　
A　
7．(2019·达州)—Dr.Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s. He is a great international soldier.
—I know.So he_______still________in both China and Canada now.
A．has；remembered
B．is；remembered
C．well；remember
D．is；remembering
B　
8．(2021·乐山)—Have you tasted zongzi，a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings
—Sure.It’s said that a lot of zongzi _____ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A．are made
B．were made
C．made
B　
9．(2021·达州)—Why do some whales have to ___
—Because humans catch whales for meat，fat and oil.Some of them are________.
A．protect；dangerous
B．protect；endangered
C．be protected；dangerous
D．be protected；endangered
D　
10．(2021·凉山州)—Every year，millions of plastic bottles ___away，polluting the land and waterways.
—That's terrible.We should protect our environment.
A．threw B．are thrown
C．have thrown D．were thrown
B　
11．(2021·遂宁)To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China，a speech competition ___ in our school last week.
A．hold B．held
C．is held D．was held
12．(2020·广元)In February 2020，many doctors and nurses ___ to Wuhan to save the patients.
A．was sent B．were sent
C．are sent
D　
B　
13．(2020·凉山州)As the most exciting and traditional way to shop，street markets ___ here and there in China these days.
A．find B．found
C．are found D．were found
14．(2020·达州)Chinese doctors saved many patients all over the world.(改为被动语态)
Many patients all over the world ______ ______ by Chinese doctors.
C　
were saved　
一、词汇运用。
1．(2020·江苏无锡)“When the book____________ (publish) in November, I'm going to donate all the money to help those people in need，” said J．K. Rowling.
2．(2020·江苏泰州)Rubbish____________ (separate) into groups in many other cities now, following the practice in Shanghai.
2022年迎考特训
is punished　
is separated　
3．(2020·湖北黄冈改编)Sometimes the children ____________　(divide) into three groups to play games.
4．(2019·湖南常德)The classroom ____________(clean) by the students every day.
5．(2019·湖北荆门)The sports meeting ____________(取消) because of the terrible weather.
are divided　
is cleaned　
was canceled　
6．(2019·江苏连云港)Last week Professor Li was _______(邀请) to make a speech on traditional Chinese festivals.
二、单项选择。
1．(2021·天津)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero.Today，he ___by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved
C．is loved D．will be loved
C　
invited　
2．(2021·云南昆明)A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser，they___to make their own decisions.
A．should allow
B．shouldn't allow
C．should be allowed
D．shouldn't be allowed
C　
3．(2020·湖北武汉)—Do you need any help
—No，thanks.We ___a lot of support since last year.
A．have offered B．have been offered
C．were offered D．were offering
4．(2021·辽宁本溪)The videos about cooking tell us how food___.
A．makes B．made
C．is made D．was made
B　
C　
5．(2021·江苏苏州)Now teenagers ___to do voluntary work for their local communities.
A．are encouraged B．were encouraged
C．have encouraged D．are encouraging
6．(2021·江苏扬州)—Do we have to read anything next week，Mr.Wu
—Sure.You ___to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A．were expected B．will expect
C．are expecting D．are expected
A　
D　
7．(2020·重庆B卷)When I was young，I___by my grandparents.
A．look after B．looked after
C．am looked after D．was looked after
8．(2019·天津)The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge ___in 2018.We are proud of it.
A．is completed B．is completing
C．was completed D．completes
D　
C　
9．(2021·江苏南通)—Good news！The Underground Line 1 in Nantong ___to come into service soon.
—That's great！Transport will become much easier for us.
A．will be expected B．is expected
C．expects D．is expecting
10．(2021·江西改编)The man did a great job in fighting COVID-19.He ___on TV and became very famous.
A．interviewed B．has interviewed
C．was interviewed D．will be interviewed
A　
C　
11．(2021·湖南邵阳改编)―Lily，cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
―Actually，lots of convenience (方便)___for us.
A．provided B．provides
C．is provided D．providing
三、根据中文意思完成句子，一空一词。
1．(2021·辽宁盘锦改编)不久之后，我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。
A skating club will ___ _______in our school soon.
C　
be built　
2．(2021·辽宁朝阳改编)2022年北京将举办第24届冬奥会。
The 24th Winter Olympic Games _____ ___ held in Beijing in 2022.
3．(2021·湖北荆州改编)许多年前，不同的作家把这本书翻译成了不同的语言。(translate)
The book_____ __________into different languages by different writers many years ago.
4．刚刚有人听到莉莉在教室里哭。
Lily _____ _______to cry in the classroom just now.
will be　
was translated
was heard