外研版必修4 Module 2 Traffic Jam 单元测试题 2
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| 名称 | 外研版必修4 Module 2 Traffic Jam 单元测试题 2 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-24 11:37:21 | ||
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Module 2 Traffic Jam
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Medellin, Colombia
Climate (气候)— Medellin is about 1,538 meters above sea level. Its climate is not as hot as other cities located near the equator. The city’s average temperature is 22°C.
Getting here — Medellin has an international airport, with flights from Miami, New York, Madrid, and many other cities. There are taxis and minibuses from the airport to downtown Medellin.
Getting around — The quickest and cheapest way to get around Medellin is with the well-planned metro (地铁) system. The modern Turibus also goes around the city, showing parks, beautiful neighborhoods, and historical sites.
Where to stay — There are many cheap hotels, and most of them include hot showers, TV, free Internet, private lockers, and Spanish lessons.
Shopping — Medellin is only a few hours from the coffee-growing centers of Colombia. Coffee can be bought as a great gift. Medellin is sometimes called the textile (纺织品) capital of the country, but it is not the best place to shop for clothes.
Nightlife — The fun-loving people of Medellin love to dance. There are many places around the city to dance. One of the most famous is the Zona Rosa. Most clubs close at 3:00 a.m.
Sightseeing — There are world-famous museums in the city, but one place that you have to visit is the Museo de Antioquia. It has a large collection of art, including paintings by Fernando Botero.
Festivals — Why not plan a trip around a festival There’s a poetry festival in July, a celebration of lights in December and January, and for two weeks in August, a flower festival — the city’s most important cultural event.
21. How is the climate of Medellin
A. It is pleasant.
B. It is very hot.
C. It is quite dry.
D. It is changeable.
22. What can we learn about the Museo de Antioquia
A. It is an art market.
B. It is a must-see museum.
C. It is the best place to shop.
D. It is a coffee-growing center.
23. When is the flower festival in Medellin
A. In July.
B. In August.
C. In January.
D. In December.
B
Mike Hayes of Rochelle, Illinois, proved he was smart in his first year at college. In 1987, while he was a student in the first year of the University of Illinois, he had gotten $2,500 from a job working at a store, but that money would not go far to pay the four years of tuition (学费) and college expenses that added up to around $28,000. His middle-class family had already put his older brothers through college. While Mike’s parents would have helped him to pay, Mike decided he did not want his parents going into debt (债务) for him. He came up with an idea to solve this problem.
Mike wrote to Chicago Tribune writer Bob Greene. He wanted each of the newspaper’s readers to send him a penny (分). Greene thought the idea sounded fun and agreed to do it. He shared Mike’s letter with his readers on September 6, 1987.
“Just one penny,” Mike said. “A penny doesn’t mean anything to anyone. If everyone who is reading your reports looks around the room right now, there will be a penny on the corner of the desk, or on the floor. That’s all I’m asking. A penny from each of your readers.”
In less than a month, the Many Pennies for Mike fund (基金) had around $23,000. Donations (捐款) were received from every state in the United States, and even Mexico, Canada, and the Bahamas. So, Mike achieved his $28,000 goal and went on to learn food science from the University of Illinois.
In the end, Mike had this to say about the whole thing, “I just want to express my thanks to everyone ... right now I’m feeling that the world is a pretty great place.”
24. What troubled Mike when he was in his first year at college
A. He couldn’t afford his tuition.
B. He failed to find a part-time job.
C. His parents were unwilling to help.
D. His parents had huge debts to pay off.
25. Why did Mike write to Greene
A. To ask for help.
B. To send his greetings.
C. To express his thanks.
D. To introduce himself.
26. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about Mike
A. His fund needed more donations.
B. He became rich and successful.
C. His plan really worked.
D. He asked for too much.
27. What’s the best title for the text
A. Pennies for readers
B. The value of education
C. Mike’s business in college
D. The one penny college fund
C
It’s early morning, and Katie Smith hears a rooster (公鸡) crowing (报晓). It’s time to get up and start working. She and her husband, Chris Cashen, start the day early. They own and run the Farm at Miller’s Crossing, in Hudson, New York.
With the help of 10 workers and, sometimes, the Cashen kids — Lael, 12, Connelly, 10, AnneMae, 8, and Christopher John, 6 — Smith and Cashen harvest crops (收割农作物) during much of the year. They grow vegetables and other plants. They also raise and care for some animals.
Because the Farm at Miller’s Crossing grows different kinds of crops, Cashen says the biggest challenge (挑战) is timing. Several times a year, workers prepare the soil and plant crops. At other times, they transfer (转移) plants from the greenhouse into the fields. The farmers store the fall vegetables in coolers and sell them throughout the winter.
Cashen and Smith grow their crops without the use of chemicals. When crops are ready to be harvested, workers pick them daily, wash them, and put them in boxes. In June, they work up to 70 hours a week. As fall nears, workers try to finish the daily harvesting while there is still daylight. The crops are sold through programs that provide buyers with fresh produce weekly.
Living on a farm has its perks. The Cashen kids swim in a river from which the crops get their water. They ride their bikes in wide-open spaces. When harvesting tomatoes, they sometimes have exciting tomato fights. They have a big family with which to share their adventures.
Everyone takes part in the business. The kids feed the horses. The boys care for the pigs. Lael says she likes transferring plants and selling produce. “It’s fun and really busy,” says Lael, “but it’s just a part of life.”
28. What can we learn about the Cashen family
A. They look needy.
B. They lead a busy life.
C. They live on selling animals.
D. They do all the work on their own.
29. What’s the most difficult thing on the Farm
A. Storing the fall vegetables.
B. Growing crops as fast as possible.
C. Moving plants out of the greenhouse.
D. Planning when to plant and harvest.
30. What does the underlined word “perks” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Price.
B. Reasons.
C. Discomfort.
D. Advantages.
31. What is Lael’s attitude toward her life on the Farm
A. She enjoys it.
B. She is proud of it.
C. She is uninterested in it.
D. She feels unsatisfied with it.
D
Anybody who has a long daily commute (通勤) knows the feeling of sitting in traffic with nothing to do but wait. Now, a study suggests that long commutes can take away more than just valuable time, they also have a bad influence on your fitness (健壮) and health.
Earlier research has connected longer commutes with obesity (肥胖). But this new research is believed to be “the first study to show that long commutes can reduce exercise time,” explained lead researcher Christine M. Hoehner of Washington University in St. Louis.
Long commutes are connected with “higher weight, lower fitness levels and higher blood pressure (血压), all of which are likely to lead to heart disease,” she said. One discovery that Hoehner found a little surprising was how“being caught in heavy traffic can lead to higher blood pressure.”
Here’s how the research was done: Scientists studied 4,297 locals from Austin, Texas. They recorded their commuting distances, body mass indices (体重指数) and blood pressure. The locals reported their physical activity for the last three months.
What did scientists learn Commuters who said they drove longer distances also reported they took part in less active physical activity. They had lower fitness levels, greater body mass indices and higher blood pressure.
Between 1960 and 2000, workers commuting in private cars jumped from 41.4 million to 112.7 million, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. And as suburbs have spread across the nation since the 1950s, commuter miles have increased too, along with the time drivers spend sitting in the car, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
For many commuters, moving closer to work isn’t a choice but Hoehner said there are ways that can lead to more exercise. “Commuters should find ways to work physical activity into their workdays by doing things like walking during work breaks. Employers could also help by encouraging fitness breaks,” said Hoehner.
32. What did Hoehner find
A. The longer the exercise time, the better.
B. Some diseases lead to higher blood pressure.
C. Lower fitness levels result from heart disease.
D. The busier the traffic, the higher the blood pressure.
33. How did scientists do the research
A. By doing a simple test.
B. By collecting information.
C. By giving physical checks daily.
D. By talking to locals face to face.
34. What has happened since the 1950s
A. The area of suburbs has reduced.
B. The number of commuters has dropped.
C. Many people have given up driving cars.
D. Many people have moved farther from workplaces.
35. What is Hoehner trying to do in the last paragraph
A. Offer help.
B. Give advice.
C. Find excuses.
D. Send warnings.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why camp is great for children
If you’ve been to camp, you’re not surprised to hear about the advantages of summer camp. Here is a list of the most important reasons to send your kids to camp.
At camp, children:
Make true friends — Camp is the place where kids make their very best friends. Free from the social expectations pressuring (对……施加压力) them at school, camp encourages kids to relax and make friends easily. 36 Every day, friendships are created.
Learn social skills — Coming to camp means joining a community where everyone must agree to work together and respect each other. When they live in a small room with others, kids solve problems, and see the importance of open communication. 37
Grow more independent — 38 Managing their daily choices in the safe, caring environment of camp, children welcome this as a chance to grow in new directions. Camp helps kids develop who they are.
Experience success and become more confident (有信心的) — Camp helps children build self-confidence. With its non-competitive activities and different chances to succeed, camp life really improves young people. 39 Camp teaches kids that they can.
Spend their day being physically active — As children spend so much time these days inside and mostly sitting down, camp provides a wonderful chance to move. 40 Camp is action!
A. Camp builds teamwork.
B. There’s achievement every day.
C. Running, swimming, jumping, climbing!
D. All the fun at camp draws everyone together.
E. It is easy for kids to develop what they like to do.
F. Camp is the perfect place for kids to practice making decisions for themselves.
G. When kids take a break from the Internet, they rediscover their creative powers.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chess
Chess is called the game of kings. It has been 41 for a long time. People have been playing it for over 500 years. The chess we play today is from Europe.
Chess is a two-player game. One 42 uses the white pieces. The other uses the black pieces. Each piece 43 in a special way. One piece is called the king. Each player has one. The players take turns moving their 44 . If a player lands on a piece, he or she takes it. A player 45 when his or her king cannot move without being taken. There are a few more rules, 46 those are the basics.
Some people think that chess is more than a 47 . They think that it makes the mind stronger. Good chess players use their 48 . They take their time. They think about what will 49 next. These skills are 50 in life and in chess. Chess is kind of like a(n) 51 for the mind.
You don’t always have lots of 52 to think when playing chess. There is a type of chess with short time limits. It’s called speed chess. Each player gets ten minutes to 53 for the whole game. Your clock runs during your 54 . You hit the time clock after your move. This stops your clock. It also 55 the other player’s clock. 56 you run out of time, you lose.
Chess is not just for puters have been playing chess since the 1970s. At first they did not play 58 . They made mistakes. As time went on they grew 59 . In 1997, a computer beat the best player in the world for the first time. It was a computer called Deep Blue. Deep Blue was 60 . It took up a whole room. By 2006 a cell phone could beat the best players in the world.
41. A. around B. away C. back D. here
42. A. student B. player C. winner D. trainer
43. A. changes B. drops C. breaks D. moves
44. A. balls B. pieces C. kings D. seats
45. A. loses B. finds C. chooses D. passes
46. A. or B. because C. but D. so
47. A. game B. competition C. test D. skill
48. A. brains B. advantages C. power D. belief
49. A. offer B. come C. appear D. happen
50. A. new B. unusual C. helpful D. interesting
51. A. adventure B. exercise C. task D. trouble
52. A. things B. ways C. time D. courage
53. A. use B. wait C. discuss D. rest
54. A. search B. turn C. stay D. visit
55. A. checks B. stops C. starts D. quiets
56. A. Before B. Unless C. Though D. If
57. A. computers B. matches C. people D. schools
58. A. fast B. well C. alone D. often
59. A. weaker B. larger C. slower D. stronger
60. A. old B. expensive C. cute D. big
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With technology advancing, cars are getting cheaper and cheaper. The number of private cars 61. ________ (be) on the increase, which is also a source of serious traffic jams in most cities. Yet people do not like to give their own cars a rest in their garages (车库) and use other 62. ________ (form) of transport instead.
Although there are many traffic jams, citizens are not planning to allow walking, riding bicycles and public transport to take 63. ________ place of their own cars to reduce the traffic pressure. For one thing, private cars are really 64. ________ (comfortable) than other means of transport. For another, driving your own car is so convenient as it can take you to anywhere you want to go, which is 65. ________ (possible) for buses and subways. Furthermore, a private car is an important way for many people to show 66. ________ rich they are.
As the situation gets more serious, measures must 67. ________ (take) to improve the traffic conditions in cities. Governments should replan the road systems, broaden (加宽) the streets and educate drivers 68. ________ always put traffic rules aside. Policy (政策) is another effective way of 69. ________ (solve) the problems, such as lowering the price of public transportation. Then we can 70. ________ (hopeful) predict that our cities’ traffic will be more controllable in the near future.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day my parents weren’t at home, so I asked some of my friends have a party. We played such happily that we forgot everything. Unfortunate, I dropped my father’s favourite glass by an accident. It was in piece and my heart speeded up. What should I do When he came back, I was afraid of be punished and didn’t tell the true. I told him it was the cat which broke the glass. My father said nothing, but I could see his distrust. The next morning, after a sleepless night, I admit to my father that it was my fault. I saw relief in their eyes. From then on, I never told lies.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
为响应“光盘行动”（“Clear Your Plate” campaign），你校将举办一场主题为“Against Food Waste”的演讲比赛。请你根据所给提示用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 分析食物浪费的原因；
2. 提出解决方法；
3. 号召大家节约粮食。
注意：
1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone! It’s my honour to be here to share with you my opinion on food waste.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“It wasn’t a cop (警察) moment. It was a mother moment.” Precious Cornner-Jones isn’t just an Indiana State Police officer, she’s also a mom.
So when she saw a little boy so sad he threw himself to the ground at a school rally (集会), Cornner-Jones lay down right next to the boy to “get down to his level” and tried to find out what was troubling him. The moment, which was photographed, was put on Facebook and shared nearly 800 times.
Before Cornner-Jones came up to the boy, she spoke to his mom. The mother told her this was how he had been expressing himself lately, so she decided to get down and see what was on his mind.
“He started to cry so I wiped his eyes and told him everything would be OK. I remained there for several minutes until the boy began to smile,” Cornner-Jones said in her Facebook post. “As an adult sometimes all we want is one person to stop, get down to our level and maybe wipe our eyes. These children can have bad days just like we do, so we should give them a moment to get it together.”
The photo was taken at a “high-five rally” inside Indianapolis Public School 88, where Cornner-Jones was supporting her pastor (牧师). High-five rallies are events where community members greet kids at the gate of their school and give them high-fives to brighten up their day a bit. When Cornner-Jones saw the young boy come through the line, she knew he was sad by the look on his face. Moments later, he took action.
“I think people lose sight of the fact that these kids are human, too,” Cornner-Jones told ABC News. “They have bad days. We can’t expect them to be little robots and have them do exactly what we say.”
1. What happened to the little boy
A. He fell and hurt himself.
B. He lost touch with his mother.
C. He was caught by a police officer.
D. He laid himself down on the ground.
2. Why did Cornner-Jones get close to the boy
A. To save his life.
B. To comfort him.
C. To send him to school.
D. To take a picture with him.
3. What’s the purpose of high-five rallies
A. To excite students.
B. To protect children.
C. To encourage poor kids.
D. To get boys to enjoy school life.
4. What advice does Cornner-Jones offer to people
A. Pay more attention to kids.
B. Allow kids to be childish.
C. Raise children in a strict way.
D. Treat children with understanding.
B
For 234 years, the bald eagle has been an official symbol of the U.S. It is, after all, the national animal. But in May, 2016, President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison (野牛) the national mammal (哺乳动物). Since then, the eagle has had to share its perch.
The North American bison has long been a symbol of the West. “No other native animal tells America’s story better. It is a long-lasting symbol of power, Native American culture, and the Western wildness. At one time, tens of millions of bison lived in North America. For Native American communities, bison were a source of food and clothing. Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life,” says Missouri congressman William Lacy Clay Jr.
That way of life changed in the mid-1800s. People began to travel west and hunt bison. Some hunted for the same reason as Native Americans did. But others killed bison for sport. In 1894, it became illegal to kill bison. But it was almost too late. By the early 1900s, fewer than 1,000 wild bison remained in America.
Some people realized the animals needed to be saved. President Theodore Roosevelt, William Hornaday — the first director of the Bronx Zoo, in New York City — and others formed the American Bison Society. The group was to bring back the bison. Native American tribes (部落) and locals also joined the fight. By the mid-1930s, bison were no longer in danger.
Today, there are about 500,000 North American bison. They live in all 50 states. “Only about 30,000 of those animals are living as truly wild bison. Others live on protected lands or in zoos,” says Pat Thomas, the associate director of the Bronx Zoo.
Thomas says naming the bison the national mammal was an important step in making sure the animal is well protected. “This recognition is beginning to complete the circle,” he says, “from a time when there were millions of wild bison, to when bison were hunted until they nearly died out, to the beginning of the recovery.”
5. What does the underlined word “perch” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Story.
B. Food.
C. High place.
D. Famous name.
6. What can we infer from William’s words
A. Bison have become popular worldwide.
B. The bison plays an important role in America.
C. Bison were protected well in North America.
D. The bison is far more important than the eagle.
7. What did the American Bison Society do in the mid-1930s
A. It brought back bison to the Bronx Zoo.
B. It fought with Native American tribes.
C. It introduced a new law on bison.
D. It succeeded in saving bison.
8. What did Thomas think of the May law on bison
A. He supported it.
B. He was against it.
C. He was surprised at it.
D. He thought it was too late.
参考答案
21-25 ABBAA 26-30 CDBDD 31-35 ADBDB
36-40 DAFBC 41-45 ABDBA
46-50 CAADC 51-55 BCABC 56-60 DCBDD
61. is 62. forms 63. the 64. more comfortable 65. impossible
66. how 67. be taken 68. who / that 69. solving 70. hopefully
短文改错
71. ... have a party. have前加to
72. ... such happily that ... such → so
73. Unfortunate, I dropped ... Unfortunate → Unfortunately
74. ... by an accident. 去掉an
75. ... was in piece ... piece → pieces
76. ... of be punished ... be → being
77. ... tell the true. true → truth
78. ... which broke the ... which → that
79. ... I admit to ... admit → admitted
80. ... in their eyes. their → his
书面表达
One possible version:
Good morning, everyone! It’s my honour to be here to share with you my opinion on food waste.
Food waste has become one of the major concerns of our society. An important reason is that Chinese always entertain their guests with more than enough food, believing that they have not satisfied their guests if there’s no food left on the plates. What we need to do now is support the “Clear Your Plate” campaign, which is intended to educate people to avoid food waste. Therefore, let’s try to develop the habit of never ordering or cooking more than what we need so as to save our limited food resources. Remember — your contribution matters!
Thank you!
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇（旅游）
本文是应用文。文章介绍了四季如春的哥伦比亚第二大城市——麦德林。
21. A。细节理解题。根据Climate中的Its climate is not as hot as other cities ... average temperature is 22℃ 可知，麦德林的平均气温保持在22度，所以它的气候宜人。
22. B。细节理解题。根据Sightseeing中的There are world-famous museums in the city, but one place that you have to visit is the Museo de Antioquia可知，Museo de Antioquia是到麦德林必去的一个博物馆。
23. B。细节理解题。根据Festivals中的and for two weeks in August, a flower festival可知，麦德林的鲜花节是在八月举行。
B篇（计划与愿望）
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Mike为了解决他的大学学费及生活费的问题通过报社向陌生人寻求帮助，并最终如愿以偿的故事。
24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的he had gotten $2,500 from a job ... and college expenses that added up to around $28,000可知，Mike负担不起他自己的大学学费及生活费。
25. A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Mike wrote to Chicago Tribune writer Bob Greene. He wanted each of the newspaper’s readers to send him a penny可知，Mike写信给Greene是为了让Greene的读者给他捐钱，因此Mike是在寻求帮助。
26. C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Mike achieved his $28,000 goal and went on to learn food science from the University of Illinois可知，Mike筹集了28,000美元，费用问题解决了，他可以继续完成学业，由此可知他的计划成功了。
27. D。标题归纳题。Mike为完成大学学业向报社求助，希望报纸的读者每人给他捐助一分钱。所以文章的关键词是one penny, college, fund。故D项符合主旨大意，适合作标题。
C篇（日常活动）
本文是说明文。文章介绍了Cashen一家人在农场上的生活。
28. B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的It’s early morning, and Katie Smith hears a rooster crowing. It’s time to get up and start working及第二段中的内容可知，Cashen一家在农场上过着忙碌的生活。
29. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Cashen says the biggest challenge is timing ... plants from the greenhouse into the fields可知，对于Cashen一家来说最大的挑战就是如何合理安排农场上各项工作的时间。
30. D。词义猜测题。根据第五段中的The Cashen kids swim in a river ... they sometimes have exciting tomato fights可知，Cashen家的孩子们在农场的活动非常丰富，他们玩得很开心，由此可知这是住在农场的好处。
31. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Lael says she likes transferring plants and selling produce. “It’s fun and really busy,”可知，Lael喜欢农场上的生活。
D篇（健康）
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明交通拥堵会影响身体健康。
32. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的being caught in heavy traffic can lead to higher blood pressure可知，严重的交通拥堵会导致血压升高。
33. B。细节理解题。第四段中讲到科学家会记录通勤距离、体重指数、血压和锻炼情况等，可见他们主要是通过收集信息来完成研究的。
34. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的as suburbs have spread across the nation since the 1950s, commuter miles have increased too可知，20世纪五十年代以来，人们的通勤距离更长了。
35. B。推理判断题。最后一段中作者说到通勤人员应该在工作间隙多走动，雇主应该创造机会让员工多运动，这是从两方面给出的建议。
第二节
话题：兴趣与爱好
本文是议论文。文章论述了参加夏令营活动给孩子们带来的好处。
36. D。根据该段的主题Make true friends及下文中的Every day, friendships are created可知，夏令营中有趣的活动让大家聚到一起并建立起真挚的友谊。
37. A。根据上文中的Learn social skills及Coming to camp means joining a community where everyone must agree to work together and respect each other可知，夏令营可以帮助孩子们建立团队精神。
38. F。F项中的内容与该段主题Grow more independent相照应，故选F项。
39. B。B项中的achievement与该段的主题Experience success相互照应，故选B项。
40. C。根据下文中的Camp is action可知，夏令营包括很多体育活动。
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：文娱与体育
本文是说明文。文章介绍了国际象棋的规则、类型及发展。
41. A。根据下文中的People have been playing it for over 500 years可知，国际象棋的存在已经有很长一段时间了。故填around，在此意为“出现，可用”。
42. B。根据文中的Chess is a two-player game ... The other uses the black pieces可知，国际象棋是两人对局的，一名“玩家（player）”使用白棋，另一名玩家使用黑棋。
43. D。下文中的The players take turns moving是提示，每个棋都有特别的“移动（moves）”方式。
44. B。根据语境及上文中的One ... The other uses the black pieces可知，玩家们轮流移动他们的“棋子（pieces）”
45. A。根据下文中的cannot move without being taken可知，当一名玩家的王被对方将死，则判定这名玩家“输掉（loses）”了比赛。
46. C。上文中的There are a few more rules与下文中的those are the basics形成转折关系，故用but。
47. A。根据语境及下文中的They think that it makes the mind stronger可知，有些人认为国际象棋不只是一个“游戏（game）”，它还可以让你的大脑变得更强大。
48. A。49. D。50. C。根据语境及文中的They take their time. They think about what will ... next可知，优秀的国际象棋选手会动“脑（brains）”，他们从容不迫并会考虑好接下来会“发生（happen）”的事，这些技巧在生活中和国际象棋中都很“有用（helpful）”。
51. B。根据上文中的They think that it makes the mind stronger可知，国际象棋是一种“锻炼（exercise）”大脑的活动。
52. C。根据下文中的There is a type of chess with short time limits可知，有一种国际象棋让你在玩的时候没有太多的“时间（time）”思考。
53. A。根据文中的It’s called speed chess ... for the whole game可知，国际象棋中有一种叫“快棋”，在每一场比赛中每一方只能“消耗（use）”十分钟的时间。
54. B。55. C。根据文中的Your clock runs during your ... the other player’s clock可知，“轮到（turn）”你的时候你的棋钟就开始计时，在你走完一步棋后，你按棋钟就会停止计时，这时对方的棋钟就会“开始（starts）”计时。
56. D。根据下文中的you run out of time, you lose可知，“如果（If）”你的时间用完了，你就输了。
57. C。根据下文中的Computers have been playing chess since the 1970s可知，不只是“人类（people）”可以下国际象棋，电脑也可以。
58. B。根据文中的At first they did not play ... They made mistakes可知，一开始电脑下得并不“好（well）”，它们总出错。
59. D。根据下文中的In 1997, a computer beat the best player in the world for the first time可知，随着时间的推移，电脑更“擅长（stronger）”下国际象棋了。
60. D。根据下文中的It took up a whole room可知，这个叫“深蓝”的电脑体积很“大（big）”。
第二节
61. is。考查主谓一致。由从句时态可知，设空处是对现在情况的描述，应用一般现在时，又因为主语是number，故填is。
62. forms。考查名词复数。form意为“种类”，是可数名词且在此被other限定，故填其复数形式forms。
63. the。考查定冠词。take the place of意为“代替”。
64. more comfortable。考查形容词比较级。由设空处后面的than可知，应用形容词比较级，故填more comfortable。
65. impossible。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处在此作表语，意为“不可能的”，故填impossible。
66. how。考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句。其所在句意为“私家车是很多人用来炫耀自己多么（how）富有的重要方式”，故填how。
67. be taken。考查被动语态。measures与take之间是被动关系，又由前面的must可知，应填be taken。
68. who / that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词drivers，且在从句中作主语，故填who / that。
69. solving。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作of的宾语，故填solving。
70. hopefully。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰主句谓语，表示“满怀希望地”，故填hopefully。
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DBAD 5-8 CBDA
解析
A篇（人际关系）
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位警察看见一个小男孩趴在地上哭泣就去躺在他旁边安慰他的故事。
1. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的So when she saw a little boy so sad he threw himself to the ground at a school rally可知，小男孩很伤心，他直接趴在了地上。
2. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的Cornner-Jones lay down right next to the boy to “get down to his level” and tried to find out what was troubling him及第四段中的“He started to cry so I wiped his eyes and told him ... began to smile,”可知，Cornner-Jones来到小男孩身边是为了安慰他，让他不那么难过。
3. A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的High-five rallies are events where community members greet kids at the gate of their school and give them high-fives to brighten up their day a bit可知，击掌活动是为了让孩子们能在每天上学前有一个好心情。
4. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，Cornner-Jones给人们的建议就是要尊重并理解孩子们。
B篇（自然）
本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国一项法案正式确立将野牛列为“美国国家哺乳动物”，人们对野牛的保护使其摆脱了濒临灭绝的境地。
5. C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的the bald eagle has been an official symbol of the U.S.及But in May, 2016, President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison the national mammal可知，多年来白头鹰一直是美国国家的象征，而2016年美国颁布的一项法案将野牛列为“美国国家哺乳动物”，这使得白头鹰要与野牛共享它的地位了。
6. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的No other native animal tells America’s story ... and the Western wildness以及Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life可知，野牛在美国起着举足轻重的作用。
7. D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的The group was to bring back the bison ... bison were no longer in danger可知，在American Bison Society的努力下，野牛的数量有所回升并摆脱了濒临灭绝的处境。
8. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，Thomas认为这部法案的颁布是保护野牛的一项重要举措，它使得野牛的数量不断上升，由此可知Thomas支持这部法案。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Medellin, Colombia
Climate (气候)— Medellin is about 1,538 meters above sea level. Its climate is not as hot as other cities located near the equator. The city’s average temperature is 22°C.
Getting here — Medellin has an international airport, with flights from Miami, New York, Madrid, and many other cities. There are taxis and minibuses from the airport to downtown Medellin.
Getting around — The quickest and cheapest way to get around Medellin is with the well-planned metro (地铁) system. The modern Turibus also goes around the city, showing parks, beautiful neighborhoods, and historical sites.
Where to stay — There are many cheap hotels, and most of them include hot showers, TV, free Internet, private lockers, and Spanish lessons.
Shopping — Medellin is only a few hours from the coffee-growing centers of Colombia. Coffee can be bought as a great gift. Medellin is sometimes called the textile (纺织品) capital of the country, but it is not the best place to shop for clothes.
Nightlife — The fun-loving people of Medellin love to dance. There are many places around the city to dance. One of the most famous is the Zona Rosa. Most clubs close at 3:00 a.m.
Sightseeing — There are world-famous museums in the city, but one place that you have to visit is the Museo de Antioquia. It has a large collection of art, including paintings by Fernando Botero.
Festivals — Why not plan a trip around a festival There’s a poetry festival in July, a celebration of lights in December and January, and for two weeks in August, a flower festival — the city’s most important cultural event.
21. How is the climate of Medellin
A. It is pleasant.
B. It is very hot.
C. It is quite dry.
D. It is changeable.
22. What can we learn about the Museo de Antioquia
A. It is an art market.
B. It is a must-see museum.
C. It is the best place to shop.
D. It is a coffee-growing center.
23. When is the flower festival in Medellin
A. In July.
B. In August.
C. In January.
D. In December.
B
Mike Hayes of Rochelle, Illinois, proved he was smart in his first year at college. In 1987, while he was a student in the first year of the University of Illinois, he had gotten $2,500 from a job working at a store, but that money would not go far to pay the four years of tuition (学费) and college expenses that added up to around $28,000. His middle-class family had already put his older brothers through college. While Mike’s parents would have helped him to pay, Mike decided he did not want his parents going into debt (债务) for him. He came up with an idea to solve this problem.
Mike wrote to Chicago Tribune writer Bob Greene. He wanted each of the newspaper’s readers to send him a penny (分). Greene thought the idea sounded fun and agreed to do it. He shared Mike’s letter with his readers on September 6, 1987.
“Just one penny,” Mike said. “A penny doesn’t mean anything to anyone. If everyone who is reading your reports looks around the room right now, there will be a penny on the corner of the desk, or on the floor. That’s all I’m asking. A penny from each of your readers.”
In less than a month, the Many Pennies for Mike fund (基金) had around $23,000. Donations (捐款) were received from every state in the United States, and even Mexico, Canada, and the Bahamas. So, Mike achieved his $28,000 goal and went on to learn food science from the University of Illinois.
In the end, Mike had this to say about the whole thing, “I just want to express my thanks to everyone ... right now I’m feeling that the world is a pretty great place.”
24. What troubled Mike when he was in his first year at college
A. He couldn’t afford his tuition.
B. He failed to find a part-time job.
C. His parents were unwilling to help.
D. His parents had huge debts to pay off.
25. Why did Mike write to Greene
A. To ask for help.
B. To send his greetings.
C. To express his thanks.
D. To introduce himself.
26. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about Mike
A. His fund needed more donations.
B. He became rich and successful.
C. His plan really worked.
D. He asked for too much.
27. What’s the best title for the text
A. Pennies for readers
B. The value of education
C. Mike’s business in college
D. The one penny college fund
C
It’s early morning, and Katie Smith hears a rooster (公鸡) crowing (报晓). It’s time to get up and start working. She and her husband, Chris Cashen, start the day early. They own and run the Farm at Miller’s Crossing, in Hudson, New York.
With the help of 10 workers and, sometimes, the Cashen kids — Lael, 12, Connelly, 10, AnneMae, 8, and Christopher John, 6 — Smith and Cashen harvest crops (收割农作物) during much of the year. They grow vegetables and other plants. They also raise and care for some animals.
Because the Farm at Miller’s Crossing grows different kinds of crops, Cashen says the biggest challenge (挑战) is timing. Several times a year, workers prepare the soil and plant crops. At other times, they transfer (转移) plants from the greenhouse into the fields. The farmers store the fall vegetables in coolers and sell them throughout the winter.
Cashen and Smith grow their crops without the use of chemicals. When crops are ready to be harvested, workers pick them daily, wash them, and put them in boxes. In June, they work up to 70 hours a week. As fall nears, workers try to finish the daily harvesting while there is still daylight. The crops are sold through programs that provide buyers with fresh produce weekly.
Living on a farm has its perks. The Cashen kids swim in a river from which the crops get their water. They ride their bikes in wide-open spaces. When harvesting tomatoes, they sometimes have exciting tomato fights. They have a big family with which to share their adventures.
Everyone takes part in the business. The kids feed the horses. The boys care for the pigs. Lael says she likes transferring plants and selling produce. “It’s fun and really busy,” says Lael, “but it’s just a part of life.”
28. What can we learn about the Cashen family
A. They look needy.
B. They lead a busy life.
C. They live on selling animals.
D. They do all the work on their own.
29. What’s the most difficult thing on the Farm
A. Storing the fall vegetables.
B. Growing crops as fast as possible.
C. Moving plants out of the greenhouse.
D. Planning when to plant and harvest.
30. What does the underlined word “perks” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Price.
B. Reasons.
C. Discomfort.
D. Advantages.
31. What is Lael’s attitude toward her life on the Farm
A. She enjoys it.
B. She is proud of it.
C. She is uninterested in it.
D. She feels unsatisfied with it.
D
Anybody who has a long daily commute (通勤) knows the feeling of sitting in traffic with nothing to do but wait. Now, a study suggests that long commutes can take away more than just valuable time, they also have a bad influence on your fitness (健壮) and health.
Earlier research has connected longer commutes with obesity (肥胖). But this new research is believed to be “the first study to show that long commutes can reduce exercise time,” explained lead researcher Christine M. Hoehner of Washington University in St. Louis.
Long commutes are connected with “higher weight, lower fitness levels and higher blood pressure (血压), all of which are likely to lead to heart disease,” she said. One discovery that Hoehner found a little surprising was how“being caught in heavy traffic can lead to higher blood pressure.”
Here’s how the research was done: Scientists studied 4,297 locals from Austin, Texas. They recorded their commuting distances, body mass indices (体重指数) and blood pressure. The locals reported their physical activity for the last three months.
What did scientists learn Commuters who said they drove longer distances also reported they took part in less active physical activity. They had lower fitness levels, greater body mass indices and higher blood pressure.
Between 1960 and 2000, workers commuting in private cars jumped from 41.4 million to 112.7 million, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation. And as suburbs have spread across the nation since the 1950s, commuter miles have increased too, along with the time drivers spend sitting in the car, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
For many commuters, moving closer to work isn’t a choice but Hoehner said there are ways that can lead to more exercise. “Commuters should find ways to work physical activity into their workdays by doing things like walking during work breaks. Employers could also help by encouraging fitness breaks,” said Hoehner.
32. What did Hoehner find
A. The longer the exercise time, the better.
B. Some diseases lead to higher blood pressure.
C. Lower fitness levels result from heart disease.
D. The busier the traffic, the higher the blood pressure.
33. How did scientists do the research
A. By doing a simple test.
B. By collecting information.
C. By giving physical checks daily.
D. By talking to locals face to face.
34. What has happened since the 1950s
A. The area of suburbs has reduced.
B. The number of commuters has dropped.
C. Many people have given up driving cars.
D. Many people have moved farther from workplaces.
35. What is Hoehner trying to do in the last paragraph
A. Offer help.
B. Give advice.
C. Find excuses.
D. Send warnings.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why camp is great for children
If you’ve been to camp, you’re not surprised to hear about the advantages of summer camp. Here is a list of the most important reasons to send your kids to camp.
At camp, children:
Make true friends — Camp is the place where kids make their very best friends. Free from the social expectations pressuring (对……施加压力) them at school, camp encourages kids to relax and make friends easily. 36 Every day, friendships are created.
Learn social skills — Coming to camp means joining a community where everyone must agree to work together and respect each other. When they live in a small room with others, kids solve problems, and see the importance of open communication. 37
Grow more independent — 38 Managing their daily choices in the safe, caring environment of camp, children welcome this as a chance to grow in new directions. Camp helps kids develop who they are.
Experience success and become more confident (有信心的) — Camp helps children build self-confidence. With its non-competitive activities and different chances to succeed, camp life really improves young people. 39 Camp teaches kids that they can.
Spend their day being physically active — As children spend so much time these days inside and mostly sitting down, camp provides a wonderful chance to move. 40 Camp is action!
A. Camp builds teamwork.
B. There’s achievement every day.
C. Running, swimming, jumping, climbing!
D. All the fun at camp draws everyone together.
E. It is easy for kids to develop what they like to do.
F. Camp is the perfect place for kids to practice making decisions for themselves.
G. When kids take a break from the Internet, they rediscover their creative powers.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chess
Chess is called the game of kings. It has been 41 for a long time. People have been playing it for over 500 years. The chess we play today is from Europe.
Chess is a two-player game. One 42 uses the white pieces. The other uses the black pieces. Each piece 43 in a special way. One piece is called the king. Each player has one. The players take turns moving their 44 . If a player lands on a piece, he or she takes it. A player 45 when his or her king cannot move without being taken. There are a few more rules, 46 those are the basics.
Some people think that chess is more than a 47 . They think that it makes the mind stronger. Good chess players use their 48 . They take their time. They think about what will 49 next. These skills are 50 in life and in chess. Chess is kind of like a(n) 51 for the mind.
You don’t always have lots of 52 to think when playing chess. There is a type of chess with short time limits. It’s called speed chess. Each player gets ten minutes to 53 for the whole game. Your clock runs during your 54 . You hit the time clock after your move. This stops your clock. It also 55 the other player’s clock. 56 you run out of time, you lose.
Chess is not just for puters have been playing chess since the 1970s. At first they did not play 58 . They made mistakes. As time went on they grew 59 . In 1997, a computer beat the best player in the world for the first time. It was a computer called Deep Blue. Deep Blue was 60 . It took up a whole room. By 2006 a cell phone could beat the best players in the world.
41. A. around B. away C. back D. here
42. A. student B. player C. winner D. trainer
43. A. changes B. drops C. breaks D. moves
44. A. balls B. pieces C. kings D. seats
45. A. loses B. finds C. chooses D. passes
46. A. or B. because C. but D. so
47. A. game B. competition C. test D. skill
48. A. brains B. advantages C. power D. belief
49. A. offer B. come C. appear D. happen
50. A. new B. unusual C. helpful D. interesting
51. A. adventure B. exercise C. task D. trouble
52. A. things B. ways C. time D. courage
53. A. use B. wait C. discuss D. rest
54. A. search B. turn C. stay D. visit
55. A. checks B. stops C. starts D. quiets
56. A. Before B. Unless C. Though D. If
57. A. computers B. matches C. people D. schools
58. A. fast B. well C. alone D. often
59. A. weaker B. larger C. slower D. stronger
60. A. old B. expensive C. cute D. big
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With technology advancing, cars are getting cheaper and cheaper. The number of private cars 61. ________ (be) on the increase, which is also a source of serious traffic jams in most cities. Yet people do not like to give their own cars a rest in their garages (车库) and use other 62. ________ (form) of transport instead.
Although there are many traffic jams, citizens are not planning to allow walking, riding bicycles and public transport to take 63. ________ place of their own cars to reduce the traffic pressure. For one thing, private cars are really 64. ________ (comfortable) than other means of transport. For another, driving your own car is so convenient as it can take you to anywhere you want to go, which is 65. ________ (possible) for buses and subways. Furthermore, a private car is an important way for many people to show 66. ________ rich they are.
As the situation gets more serious, measures must 67. ________ (take) to improve the traffic conditions in cities. Governments should replan the road systems, broaden (加宽) the streets and educate drivers 68. ________ always put traffic rules aside. Policy (政策) is another effective way of 69. ________ (solve) the problems, such as lowering the price of public transportation. Then we can 70. ________ (hopeful) predict that our cities’ traffic will be more controllable in the near future.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day my parents weren’t at home, so I asked some of my friends have a party. We played such happily that we forgot everything. Unfortunate, I dropped my father’s favourite glass by an accident. It was in piece and my heart speeded up. What should I do When he came back, I was afraid of be punished and didn’t tell the true. I told him it was the cat which broke the glass. My father said nothing, but I could see his distrust. The next morning, after a sleepless night, I admit to my father that it was my fault. I saw relief in their eyes. From then on, I never told lies.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
为响应“光盘行动”（“Clear Your Plate” campaign），你校将举办一场主题为“Against Food Waste”的演讲比赛。请你根据所给提示用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 分析食物浪费的原因；
2. 提出解决方法；
3. 号召大家节约粮食。
注意：
1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone! It’s my honour to be here to share with you my opinion on food waste.
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Thank you!
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“It wasn’t a cop (警察) moment. It was a mother moment.” Precious Cornner-Jones isn’t just an Indiana State Police officer, she’s also a mom.
So when she saw a little boy so sad he threw himself to the ground at a school rally (集会), Cornner-Jones lay down right next to the boy to “get down to his level” and tried to find out what was troubling him. The moment, which was photographed, was put on Facebook and shared nearly 800 times.
Before Cornner-Jones came up to the boy, she spoke to his mom. The mother told her this was how he had been expressing himself lately, so she decided to get down and see what was on his mind.
“He started to cry so I wiped his eyes and told him everything would be OK. I remained there for several minutes until the boy began to smile,” Cornner-Jones said in her Facebook post. “As an adult sometimes all we want is one person to stop, get down to our level and maybe wipe our eyes. These children can have bad days just like we do, so we should give them a moment to get it together.”
The photo was taken at a “high-five rally” inside Indianapolis Public School 88, where Cornner-Jones was supporting her pastor (牧师). High-five rallies are events where community members greet kids at the gate of their school and give them high-fives to brighten up their day a bit. When Cornner-Jones saw the young boy come through the line, she knew he was sad by the look on his face. Moments later, he took action.
“I think people lose sight of the fact that these kids are human, too,” Cornner-Jones told ABC News. “They have bad days. We can’t expect them to be little robots and have them do exactly what we say.”
1. What happened to the little boy
A. He fell and hurt himself.
B. He lost touch with his mother.
C. He was caught by a police officer.
D. He laid himself down on the ground.
2. Why did Cornner-Jones get close to the boy
A. To save his life.
B. To comfort him.
C. To send him to school.
D. To take a picture with him.
3. What’s the purpose of high-five rallies
A. To excite students.
B. To protect children.
C. To encourage poor kids.
D. To get boys to enjoy school life.
4. What advice does Cornner-Jones offer to people
A. Pay more attention to kids.
B. Allow kids to be childish.
C. Raise children in a strict way.
D. Treat children with understanding.
B
For 234 years, the bald eagle has been an official symbol of the U.S. It is, after all, the national animal. But in May, 2016, President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison (野牛) the national mammal (哺乳动物). Since then, the eagle has had to share its perch.
The North American bison has long been a symbol of the West. “No other native animal tells America’s story better. It is a long-lasting symbol of power, Native American culture, and the Western wildness. At one time, tens of millions of bison lived in North America. For Native American communities, bison were a source of food and clothing. Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life,” says Missouri congressman William Lacy Clay Jr.
That way of life changed in the mid-1800s. People began to travel west and hunt bison. Some hunted for the same reason as Native Americans did. But others killed bison for sport. In 1894, it became illegal to kill bison. But it was almost too late. By the early 1900s, fewer than 1,000 wild bison remained in America.
Some people realized the animals needed to be saved. President Theodore Roosevelt, William Hornaday — the first director of the Bronx Zoo, in New York City — and others formed the American Bison Society. The group was to bring back the bison. Native American tribes (部落) and locals also joined the fight. By the mid-1930s, bison were no longer in danger.
Today, there are about 500,000 North American bison. They live in all 50 states. “Only about 30,000 of those animals are living as truly wild bison. Others live on protected lands or in zoos,” says Pat Thomas, the associate director of the Bronx Zoo.
Thomas says naming the bison the national mammal was an important step in making sure the animal is well protected. “This recognition is beginning to complete the circle,” he says, “from a time when there were millions of wild bison, to when bison were hunted until they nearly died out, to the beginning of the recovery.”
5. What does the underlined word “perch” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. Story.
B. Food.
C. High place.
D. Famous name.
6. What can we infer from William’s words
A. Bison have become popular worldwide.
B. The bison plays an important role in America.
C. Bison were protected well in North America.
D. The bison is far more important than the eagle.
7. What did the American Bison Society do in the mid-1930s
A. It brought back bison to the Bronx Zoo.
B. It fought with Native American tribes.
C. It introduced a new law on bison.
D. It succeeded in saving bison.
8. What did Thomas think of the May law on bison
A. He supported it.
B. He was against it.
C. He was surprised at it.
D. He thought it was too late.
参考答案
21-25 ABBAA 26-30 CDBDD 31-35 ADBDB
36-40 DAFBC 41-45 ABDBA
46-50 CAADC 51-55 BCABC 56-60 DCBDD
61. is 62. forms 63. the 64. more comfortable 65. impossible
66. how 67. be taken 68. who / that 69. solving 70. hopefully
短文改错
71. ... have a party. have前加to
72. ... such happily that ... such → so
73. Unfortunate, I dropped ... Unfortunate → Unfortunately
74. ... by an accident. 去掉an
75. ... was in piece ... piece → pieces
76. ... of be punished ... be → being
77. ... tell the true. true → truth
78. ... which broke the ... which → that
79. ... I admit to ... admit → admitted
80. ... in their eyes. their → his
书面表达
One possible version:
Good morning, everyone! It’s my honour to be here to share with you my opinion on food waste.
Food waste has become one of the major concerns of our society. An important reason is that Chinese always entertain their guests with more than enough food, believing that they have not satisfied their guests if there’s no food left on the plates. What we need to do now is support the “Clear Your Plate” campaign, which is intended to educate people to avoid food waste. Therefore, let’s try to develop the habit of never ordering or cooking more than what we need so as to save our limited food resources. Remember — your contribution matters!
Thank you!
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇（旅游）
本文是应用文。文章介绍了四季如春的哥伦比亚第二大城市——麦德林。
21. A。细节理解题。根据Climate中的Its climate is not as hot as other cities ... average temperature is 22℃ 可知，麦德林的平均气温保持在22度，所以它的气候宜人。
22. B。细节理解题。根据Sightseeing中的There are world-famous museums in the city, but one place that you have to visit is the Museo de Antioquia可知，Museo de Antioquia是到麦德林必去的一个博物馆。
23. B。细节理解题。根据Festivals中的and for two weeks in August, a flower festival可知，麦德林的鲜花节是在八月举行。
B篇（计划与愿望）
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Mike为了解决他的大学学费及生活费的问题通过报社向陌生人寻求帮助，并最终如愿以偿的故事。
24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的he had gotten $2,500 from a job ... and college expenses that added up to around $28,000可知，Mike负担不起他自己的大学学费及生活费。
25. A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Mike wrote to Chicago Tribune writer Bob Greene. He wanted each of the newspaper’s readers to send him a penny可知，Mike写信给Greene是为了让Greene的读者给他捐钱，因此Mike是在寻求帮助。
26. C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Mike achieved his $28,000 goal and went on to learn food science from the University of Illinois可知，Mike筹集了28,000美元，费用问题解决了，他可以继续完成学业，由此可知他的计划成功了。
27. D。标题归纳题。Mike为完成大学学业向报社求助，希望报纸的读者每人给他捐助一分钱。所以文章的关键词是one penny, college, fund。故D项符合主旨大意，适合作标题。
C篇（日常活动）
本文是说明文。文章介绍了Cashen一家人在农场上的生活。
28. B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的It’s early morning, and Katie Smith hears a rooster crowing. It’s time to get up and start working及第二段中的内容可知，Cashen一家在农场上过着忙碌的生活。
29. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Cashen says the biggest challenge is timing ... plants from the greenhouse into the fields可知，对于Cashen一家来说最大的挑战就是如何合理安排农场上各项工作的时间。
30. D。词义猜测题。根据第五段中的The Cashen kids swim in a river ... they sometimes have exciting tomato fights可知，Cashen家的孩子们在农场的活动非常丰富，他们玩得很开心，由此可知这是住在农场的好处。
31. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Lael says she likes transferring plants and selling produce. “It’s fun and really busy,”可知，Lael喜欢农场上的生活。
D篇（健康）
本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明交通拥堵会影响身体健康。
32. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的being caught in heavy traffic can lead to higher blood pressure可知，严重的交通拥堵会导致血压升高。
33. B。细节理解题。第四段中讲到科学家会记录通勤距离、体重指数、血压和锻炼情况等，可见他们主要是通过收集信息来完成研究的。
34. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的as suburbs have spread across the nation since the 1950s, commuter miles have increased too可知，20世纪五十年代以来，人们的通勤距离更长了。
35. B。推理判断题。最后一段中作者说到通勤人员应该在工作间隙多走动，雇主应该创造机会让员工多运动，这是从两方面给出的建议。
第二节
话题：兴趣与爱好
本文是议论文。文章论述了参加夏令营活动给孩子们带来的好处。
36. D。根据该段的主题Make true friends及下文中的Every day, friendships are created可知，夏令营中有趣的活动让大家聚到一起并建立起真挚的友谊。
37. A。根据上文中的Learn social skills及Coming to camp means joining a community where everyone must agree to work together and respect each other可知，夏令营可以帮助孩子们建立团队精神。
38. F。F项中的内容与该段主题Grow more independent相照应，故选F项。
39. B。B项中的achievement与该段的主题Experience success相互照应，故选B项。
40. C。根据下文中的Camp is action可知，夏令营包括很多体育活动。
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：文娱与体育
本文是说明文。文章介绍了国际象棋的规则、类型及发展。
41. A。根据下文中的People have been playing it for over 500 years可知，国际象棋的存在已经有很长一段时间了。故填around，在此意为“出现，可用”。
42. B。根据文中的Chess is a two-player game ... The other uses the black pieces可知，国际象棋是两人对局的，一名“玩家（player）”使用白棋，另一名玩家使用黑棋。
43. D。下文中的The players take turns moving是提示，每个棋都有特别的“移动（moves）”方式。
44. B。根据语境及上文中的One ... The other uses the black pieces可知，玩家们轮流移动他们的“棋子（pieces）”
45. A。根据下文中的cannot move without being taken可知，当一名玩家的王被对方将死，则判定这名玩家“输掉（loses）”了比赛。
46. C。上文中的There are a few more rules与下文中的those are the basics形成转折关系，故用but。
47. A。根据语境及下文中的They think that it makes the mind stronger可知，有些人认为国际象棋不只是一个“游戏（game）”，它还可以让你的大脑变得更强大。
48. A。49. D。50. C。根据语境及文中的They take their time. They think about what will ... next可知，优秀的国际象棋选手会动“脑（brains）”，他们从容不迫并会考虑好接下来会“发生（happen）”的事，这些技巧在生活中和国际象棋中都很“有用（helpful）”。
51. B。根据上文中的They think that it makes the mind stronger可知，国际象棋是一种“锻炼（exercise）”大脑的活动。
52. C。根据下文中的There is a type of chess with short time limits可知，有一种国际象棋让你在玩的时候没有太多的“时间（time）”思考。
53. A。根据文中的It’s called speed chess ... for the whole game可知，国际象棋中有一种叫“快棋”，在每一场比赛中每一方只能“消耗（use）”十分钟的时间。
54. B。55. C。根据文中的Your clock runs during your ... the other player’s clock可知，“轮到（turn）”你的时候你的棋钟就开始计时，在你走完一步棋后，你按棋钟就会停止计时，这时对方的棋钟就会“开始（starts）”计时。
56. D。根据下文中的you run out of time, you lose可知，“如果（If）”你的时间用完了，你就输了。
57. C。根据下文中的Computers have been playing chess since the 1970s可知，不只是“人类（people）”可以下国际象棋，电脑也可以。
58. B。根据文中的At first they did not play ... They made mistakes可知，一开始电脑下得并不“好（well）”，它们总出错。
59. D。根据下文中的In 1997, a computer beat the best player in the world for the first time可知，随着时间的推移，电脑更“擅长（stronger）”下国际象棋了。
60. D。根据下文中的It took up a whole room可知，这个叫“深蓝”的电脑体积很“大（big）”。
第二节
61. is。考查主谓一致。由从句时态可知，设空处是对现在情况的描述，应用一般现在时，又因为主语是number，故填is。
62. forms。考查名词复数。form意为“种类”，是可数名词且在此被other限定，故填其复数形式forms。
63. the。考查定冠词。take the place of意为“代替”。
64. more comfortable。考查形容词比较级。由设空处后面的than可知，应用形容词比较级，故填more comfortable。
65. impossible。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处在此作表语，意为“不可能的”，故填impossible。
66. how。考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句。其所在句意为“私家车是很多人用来炫耀自己多么（how）富有的重要方式”，故填how。
67. be taken。考查被动语态。measures与take之间是被动关系，又由前面的must可知，应填be taken。
68. who / that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词drivers，且在从句中作主语，故填who / that。
69. solving。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作of的宾语，故填solving。
70. hopefully。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰主句谓语，表示“满怀希望地”，故填hopefully。
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DBAD 5-8 CBDA
解析
A篇（人际关系）
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位警察看见一个小男孩趴在地上哭泣就去躺在他旁边安慰他的故事。
1. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的So when she saw a little boy so sad he threw himself to the ground at a school rally可知，小男孩很伤心，他直接趴在了地上。
2. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的Cornner-Jones lay down right next to the boy to “get down to his level” and tried to find out what was troubling him及第四段中的“He started to cry so I wiped his eyes and told him ... began to smile,”可知，Cornner-Jones来到小男孩身边是为了安慰他，让他不那么难过。
3. A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的High-five rallies are events where community members greet kids at the gate of their school and give them high-fives to brighten up their day a bit可知，击掌活动是为了让孩子们能在每天上学前有一个好心情。
4. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，Cornner-Jones给人们的建议就是要尊重并理解孩子们。
B篇（自然）
本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国一项法案正式确立将野牛列为“美国国家哺乳动物”，人们对野牛的保护使其摆脱了濒临灭绝的境地。
5. C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的the bald eagle has been an official symbol of the U.S.及But in May, 2016, President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison the national mammal可知，多年来白头鹰一直是美国国家的象征，而2016年美国颁布的一项法案将野牛列为“美国国家哺乳动物”，这使得白头鹰要与野牛共享它的地位了。
6. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的No other native animal tells America’s story ... and the Western wildness以及Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life可知，野牛在美国起着举足轻重的作用。
7. D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的The group was to bring back the bison ... bison were no longer in danger可知，在American Bison Society的努力下，野牛的数量有所回升并摆脱了濒临灭绝的处境。
8. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，Thomas认为这部法案的颁布是保护野牛的一项重要举措，它使得野牛的数量不断上升，由此可知Thomas支持这部法案。