外研版选修6 Module 1 Small Talk单元测试题 1（含答案）
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-24 21:11:58 | ||
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Module 1 Small Talk
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL
Grades: Preschool-Grade 8
LCDS.org 703-777-3841
Award-winning school features a low student-teacher ratio (比率). Courses include art, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics), computer programming, languages, athletics, instruments. BYOT (Bring Your Own Technology), one-to-one program in fourth through eighth grades. Focus on critical and creative thinking. Outstanding field trips.
★NYSMITH SCHOOL
Grades: 3 years-Grade 8
703-552-2912
Top 10 in the world, fun, award-winning program, up to 4 grade levels of diversification (多样化) in reading and math classes, daily science, computers, logic, foreign languages, much more. 1:9 ratio. Minimal (最少的) homework. Hands-on experiential learning, a great attraction for students across the country. 2014 Tommy Award from TJ for the special achievement of Nysmith Alumni.
★FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS
Grades: 6-12
866-461-8039
Fusion Academy is a private middle and high school where all classes are one-to-one: one student and one teacher per classroom. Here, positive relationships unlock students' potential (潜力). Scheduling (安排) is personalized, and no homework goes e soon to Tysons, Virginia, and achieve school & life balance.
★RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY
Grades: 6-12, Postgraduate
rma.edu 540-636-5484
R-MA is a college-prep boarding school with Air Force JROTC, devoted to developing students of academic achievement, leadership, and responsible citizenship. With smaller classes — on average, 14-17 students per class — students at R-MA find themselves building their confidence because our teachers care about each student. Graduating classes have a 100% college acceptance rate and average over $56.6 million in college scholarships offers each year.
21. How does LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL differ from the others
A. It offers field trips.
B. It has a variety of courses.
C. It provides one-to-one classes.
D. It has award-winning programs.
22. Why do many students choose NYSMITH SCHOOL
A. It has no homework.
B. It is the world's best school.
C. It is a frequent winner of the Tommy Award.
D. It gives them a chance to learn from experience.
23. Which school specializes in personalized education
A. NYSMITH SCHOOL.
B. FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS.
C. RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY.
D. LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL.
B
From the minute I met him I didn't like Edward Dahlberg, or, maybe, I was nervous about meeting a man of letters, my introduction to the social world of American literature.
The evening Alberta and I came over, he sat in a deep armchair facing a semicircle of admirers. They asked his opinion about various writers. He waved his hand and, except for himself, dismissed everyone in the twentieth century: Hemingway wrote “baby talk,” Faulkner “sludge.” Joyce's Ulysses was “a tiring walk through the waste of Dublin.”
R'lene introduced me. This is Frank McCourt from Ireland. He teaches high school English.
I put out my hand but he let it hang. Oh, still a high school boy, are you
I didn't know what to say. He laughed and said to R'lene, “Does our friend teach English to deaf mutes (聋哑人) ” In the Dahlberg world teaching was for women only.
I backed away to my chair, confused.
He wasn't finished. He turned to me. Does our high school boy read And what does he read
I searched my head for something I'd read recently, something distinguished (出众的) that might please him.
I'm reading the autobiography of Sean O'Casey.
Quote (引用) me a line.
My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O'Casey that would match the grand passages Dahlberg quoted from the ancient masters. I mumbled (含糊地说), “Well, I admire O'Casey for the natural way he writes about his life growing up in Dublin.”
He nodded toward me. If you admire so-called natural writing you can always look at the walls of a public toilet.
The admirers laughed. My face was hot and I said without thinking, “O'Casey fought his way out of the slums (贫民窟) of Dublin. He was half blind. He's a ... a ... champion of the worker ... He's as good as you anytime. The whole world knows Sean O'Casey. Who ever heard of you ”
He shook his head for the benefit of his admirers and they shook their heads in agreement. He called to R'lene, “Tell your high school boy to leave my presence. He's not welcome here though his charming wife is welcome to stay.”
24. What was Edward's attitude towards the mentioned writers
A. He looked down on them.
B. He considered them out of date.
C. He showed deep admiration for them.
D. He owed his literary achievement to them.
25. What was Edward's reaction to being introduced to the author
A. He simply ignored the author.
B. He greeted the author politely.
C. He gave the author a cold welcome.
D. He questioned the author's sincerity.
26. How did the author feel at the suggestion of quoting a line
A. Confused.
B. Uneasy.
C. Impatient.
D. Dissatisfied.
27. How did the author face others' laughter
A. He fell completely silent.
B. He laughed back at them.
C. He escaped from the room.
D. He voiced his inner anger.
C
This year, the Paris museum that looks like a jumble (杂乱的一堆) of giant, colored pipes turns 40. The museum — the Pompidou Center — has a secure place in the heart of Paris and in Parisians' hearts. But it wasn't always the case.
“When it was first built, the reaction was one of disbelief,” said Serge Lasvignes, president of the Pompidou Center. “Le Monde newspaper wrote the museum's construction brought shame on Paris, and city politicians thought their money had been totally wasted,” said Lasvignes. Critics said it looked like an oil refinery (炼油厂).
France's first museum entirely devoted to contemporary art saw the light of day thanks to the determination of one man — Georges Pompidou, an art lover who served as France's president from 1969 to 1974.
In 1971, he started an international competition to build the museum, originally known as the Centre Beaubourg. The winning team, which included three young architects from Britain and Italy, was completely unknown at the time. Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.
“They didn't think they had a chance to win. So they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted,” Lasvignes said.
“The design took everyone by surprise and it was completely different from any other museum. Someone said to Piano, ‘Your thing is terrible — with the escalator (自动扶梯) on the outside, it looks like a supermarket!'” Lasvignes added.
Forty years later, the museum still tries to make culture available to everyone, Lasvignes said. He calls the Pompidou Center a museum like no other. “We are not only a museum,” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library ... and everything flows together.” Pompidou felt putting up walls between different forms of art was harmful. “So we are a house of culture where people return again and again,” Lasvignes said.
The Pompidou Center is Europe's biggest modern art museum; New York's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is the biggest in the world. “But the two museums have totally different strategies (策略),” Lasvignes said. “The MoMA's strategy is to collect masterpieces, and we try to represent an entire epoch (时代).”
28. What was people's attitude to the Pompidou Center at first
A. They disliked it.
B. They respected it.
C. They were curious about it.
D. They paid little attention to it.
29. Who completed the construction of the Paris museum
A. President of the Centre Beaubourg.
B. Three unknown French architects.
C. Georges Pompidou.
D. Piano and Rogers.
30. What was the Pompidou Center like in Lasvignes' eyes
A. Very solid.
B. Quite traditional.
C. Entirely original.
D. Extremely simple.
31. Which is a notable feature of the Pompidou Center
A. It collects great masterpieces.
B. It holds various cultural events.
C. It is the world's biggest art museum.
D. It is particularly attractive to foreigners.
D
Anyone who passes regularly through busy public spaces knows that one victim of our obsession (痴迷) with digital devices such as smartphones has been small talk. With our eyes focused on our smartphones, fewer of us make conversation with strangers. But are we missing something in this loss of relaxing small talk
A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits. In a study published in 2014 in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that daily interactions with casual acquaintances can contribute to day-to-day well-being. Participants were asked to record their daily interactions with people connected to them by “strong ties” (family and friends) and “weak ties” (acquaintances). On days when participants had more “weak tie” interactions than usual, they reported a greater sense of belonging and happiness.
In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in 2014, another group of researchers looked at interactions among strangers. They invited 118 commuters (通勤者) at a Chicago-area railway station and gave them one of three roles: to start a conversation on the train, to avoid any conversation and enjoy the solitude (loneliness) or to do whatever they normally do on their commute. In surveys completed afterward, those who were instructed to make conversation with strangers reported “notably more positive” commutes than those who rode in solitude.
“Talking with a stranger may not offer the same benefits as talking with a close friend, but we underestimate (低估) its importance to us,” says the study's co-author, Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to “wonderful, short conversations with strangers”.
People overestimate the social risks involved in small talk, adds Dr. Epley, “Most people not only want to talk to you; they'll tell you secret things they may not even tell a family member”.
32. The first study got the findings from the participants by comparing their _____.
A. strong and weak tie interactions
B. casual and close acquaintances
C. private and public interactions
D. family members and friends
33. What did the study done on the train find out
A. People are likely to ride in solitude on the train.
B. Few commuters like to chat with strangers.
C. There are three kinds of train commuters.
D. Chats with strangers bring joy to people.
34. Which of the following would Dr. Epley probably agree with
A. It is nicer to talk with strangers than friends.
B. Smartphones may kill small talk with strangers.
C. People fail to realize the importance of friendship.
D. Most strangers prefer to spend time on their phones.
35. What does the text mainly discuss
A. The interactions with strangers.
B. The loss of relaxing small talk.
C. The influence of smartphones.
D. The important role of small talk.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four simple steps to be truly thankful
Thanksgiving is more than pie and turkey. It's about helping and loving the family, friends and world around you. The following tips will help you show your thankfulness.
1. Family
A lot can happen in a year. Your family may have added some loved ones and lost some at the same time. 36 , and let your family know how important they are to you and how glad you are that you all could get together.
2. Friends
Do what you always do — throw a party. In college, Chicago natives Heather and Nosheen threw a dinner party for their friends on Thanksgiving and came up with HANTDE: Heather and Nosheen's Thanksgiving Day Extravaganza. 37 .
“HANDTE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year,” Heather says. “ 38 , so HANTDE has become a time to see and be with each other.”
3. Community (社区)
You could volunteer at a local soup kitchen or bring unused items (物品) to a food bank. 39 . This year, Heather and Nosheen are asking their HANTDE guests to offer a monetary donation, which they will donate to help low-income families.
4. Self
40 , for example, the debts you paid off or the friends you've made. Being able to give thanks for yourself and what you've done is the first step to being able to show thankfulness to others.
A. Stop racing for the next raise
B. Look back on your recent achievements
C. Take the time to raise a glass during dinner
D. We have jobs now and don't see each other that much
E. You could also turn your celebration into a good cause
F. What started in their dorm room now is a yearly tradition
G. Perhaps a family member is fighting against a deadly disease
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I'd like you to be my best man (伴郎),” said my brother.
Even though my brother and I had always got on well and rarely argued, I was still 41 . I was only just 18. I had only been to a few weddings (婚礼) in my life and I was already going to be a best man. I 42 immediately — it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult.
During dinner that evening my mother 43 me that best men were, of course, supposed to make 44 .
“Supposed to or have to ” I asked, feeling my heart rate increasing a little.
“Well, have to,” she said.
45 I didn't feel hungry any more.
There wasn't any point in trying to 46 doing it. And of course when you're young, you don't tend to (倾向于) worry about things for long. I started making 47 to myself so I could do it later: after all, my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship and the wedding would be 48 .
A week before the wedding it was clear that my brother was 49 going to get married. I 50 a speech. Quickly.
I 51 wedding speeches in the place which seems to have the 52 to everything: the Internet. After a few minutes I found a website with 53 on making speeches. It suggested finding photos of the groom (新郎) when he was 54 and making use of them in the speech.
Perfect! There were hundreds of 55 of my brother when he was young: my brother as a baby, my brother with his first “girlfriend”, etc.
When the moment 56 arrived, I can't say I wasn't nervous. Wedding speeches were made after a meal and I had hardly eaten anything. 57 , within a few minutes of standing up to make my speech, I 58 to feel better about it. The photos were a huge 59 and everyone was praising me for such a fantastic 60 .
41. A. proud B. surprised C. excited D. moved
42. A. agreed B. refused C. remembered D. accepted
43. A. told B. supported C. taught D. persuaded
44. A. wishes B. promises C. speeches D. preparations
45. A. Suddenly B. Frequently C. Shortly D. Naturally
46. A. imagine B. risk C. practice D. avoid
47. A. mistakes B. excuses C. explanations D. appointments
48. A. discussed B. cancelled C. prevented D. advanced
49. A. gradually B. immediately C. actually D. generally
50. A. needed B. wrote C. made D. found
51. A. picked out B. paid for C. laughed at D. searched for
52. A. warnings B. answers C. invitations D. secrets
53. A. reports B. lessons C. tips D. congratulations
54. A. happier B. stronger C. cooler D. younger
55. A. photos B. tricks C. books D. gifts
56. A. normally B. finally C. quickly D. probably
57. A. Instead B. Besides C. However D. Anyway
58. A. started B. hoped C. continued D. chose
59. A. challenge B. responsibility C. difference D. success
60. A. memory B. idea C. story D. suggestion
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here 61. ________ (be) some ways to start talking.
Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can 62. ________ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.
Involve the other person. Now that you've established common ground, it's time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about 63. ________ (he). Don't ask anything too 64. ________ (person), like asking about the person's health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask open-ended questions about the person's interests, job, or 65. ________ (surrounding).
Follow up with a question or a statement. The person's response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions 66. ________ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like he's being interrogated (质问), and too many statements won't give the person room 67. ________ (talk).
Take the time to listen. 68. ________ (real) listening to things 69. ________ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation 70. ________ a more fun or productive direction.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Far before the summer vacation began, I had been thinking about what to do it since I didn't have to go school for a couple of months. During the holiday, I finished my homeworks quite early. Then I thought it would be a good idea to finding a job to do for the rest of the boring holiday. I clearly remembered it was the first time I'd ever had the job. I spent a month in an office, main keying information into the company's database. Every day I just did the same thing but I try my best to love the work or continue. Although I found the job not interested and didn't earn many, I still learned a lot from it.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，下面内容节选自你的英国笔友Emma发给你的电子邮件。请你根据此部分内容给她回一封邮件。
... It was a brilliant holiday, but my health and fitness have suffered. Too many ice creams and not enough exercise! You're the healthiest person I know — can you give me some advice on how to get fit and healthy again Thanks,Emma
注意：词数120左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Hi Emma,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
All the best,
Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Al Gore has been concerned with climate change, or ‘climate crisis' as he calls it, for the majority of his political career. As the years passed and he became more passionate about this issue (问题), he started travelling the world in order to educate people about the effects of global warming using computer slide shows. Free of charge, he explained to his audiences that the world is facing a ‘planetary emergency' and that it isn't too late to stop it if appropriate action is taken now.
It was during this time of touring and giving lectures that Gore was spotted by Hollywood producer Laurie David, who asked him to turn his slide shows into a documentary in which he would play the starring role. At first, Gore was reluctant, as he has always been a very private person, despite (尽管) being used to being in the public eye. Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him. The result was a fascinating documentary combining references to Gore's own life story with horrifying predictions about the future of our planet.
Little did Gore know that just one year later he would be walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for ‘Best Documentary'. Advertised as ‘the scariest movie you'll see,' the movie concentrates on the potentially terrifying consequences of climate change.
‘An Inconvenient Truth' certainly gives us much to consider. As the title of the film suggests, it may be inconvenient for us to have to think about the future of the planet, but think we must.
The profits (收益) from the film are now funding other campaigns to spread the message about global warming. Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD to help them teach awareness of environmental issues to their students.
So can this one man's efforts really make a difference Well, according to Gore, if we are clear about what the problem is, then we are more likely to introduce changes into our daily lives. It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals (个人) can achieve very much, but put them all together and they may add up to something that will, literally, change the world.
1. Why did Gore make a worldwide tour
A. To build his political career.
B. To research on climate change.
C. To provide private education for children.
D. To raise public awareness about climate change.
2. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Para. 2 mean
A. Cheerful.
B. Curious.
C. Surprised.
D. Unwilling.
3. What can we infer about the film
A. It was a great success.
B. It brought Gore in great money.
C. It was far too scary for many people.
D. It avoided the inconvenient crisis consequences.
4. What does the author try to say in the last paragraph
A. Personal contributions count.
B. We'd better begin to change from now on.
C. Gore's efforts will make no difference to the world.
D. Everyone shares the responsibility for the environment.
B
One of the first things you may see when you enter Clever Criminals and Daring Detectives is a wall of extremely strange words: Peg tantrums. Tip the velvet. Potatoe trap. What could these expressions mean
These colorful idioms come from A Dictionary of the Slang and Cant Languages by George Andrewes (1809). “Cant” may refer to a dialect (方言) or even a coded (加密的) language used by a group, particularly if members of that group want to keep their meaning hidden from outsiders. As you can imagine, people who operate on the shady side of society — thieves, beggars — would have good reason to make their conversation difficult to understand to casual listeners. On the other hand, everyone else — law enforcement, curious writers — would want to be in on the secret.
Andrewes' cant dictionary was published with the author's firm intention to “expose” the language of criminals with the aim of “the more easy detection of their crimes.” It's less clear how this would work in practice; I can't help but imagine some detectives walking around the less fashionable addresses in London with cant dictionary in hand, stealthily turning over the pages to keep up with an overheard criminal plan. But this would have proved an ineffective means of detecting criminals, as Andrewes' definitions were taken almost word-for-word from an earlier work by Humphrey Tristram Potter, which itself was drawn from even older sources.
So if cant dictionaries weren't an effective tool in a criminal's tool kit, why were they in such high demand that writers kept producing them for centuries Perhaps the cant dictionaries share some of the characteristics that made detective fiction so popular in the nineteenth century. There is certainly the attraction of a secretive look into the underworld: the average citizen may have no reason to hide their meaning behind mysterious words, but it's rather interesting to think about those who do. Fiction writers certainly made good use of cant dictionaries in writing dialogue for shady characters: notably, Charles Dickens was highly praised for his description of Oliver Twist's band of pickpockets, whose talk relies heavily on Andrewes' cant research.
Perhaps there is also the pleasure in decoding a message or solving a riddle: if a potatoe trap isn't an equipment to catch tubers, then what is it It's a little linguistic puzzle to solve.
5. What is cant
A. Criminal slang.
B. Local language.
C. Complex idioms.
D. Specialized words.
6. Why did Andrewes publish the dictionary
A. To explain word usage.
B. To help criminal-arresting.
C. To simplify criminal language.
D. To connect criminals to detectives.
7. What is the author's opinion on the dictionary
A. It's very important.
B. It's almost useless.
C. It's simple.
D. It's funny.
8. What made cant dictionaries widely liked
A. The beneficial influence of detective novels.
B. People's natural love for popular detectives.
C. The examples in Charles Dickens' work.
D. People's hate for criminals.
答案
21-25 ADBAC 26-30 BDADC
31-35 BADBD 36-40 CFDEB 41-45 BDACA
46-50 DBBCA 51-55 DBCDA 56-60 BCADB
61. are 62. be considered 63. himself
64. personal 65. surroundings 66. and
67. to talk 68. Really 69. that / which
70. in
短文改错：
71. ... to do it ... 去掉it
72. ... to go school ... go后加to
73. ... finished my homeworks ... homeworks → homework
74. ... to finding a ... finding → find
75. ... had the job. the → a
76. ... main keying information ... main → mainly
77. ... try my best ... try → tried
78. ... work or continue. or → and
79. ... job not interested ... interested → interesting
80. ... didn't earn many ... many → much
One possible version：
Hi Emma,
Thanks for your email. It sounds as if you had a good time on your holiday. But you definitely need to change some of those bad habits you picked up.
Firstly, you should do some regular physical exercise. If I were you, I'd go jogging at least three or four times a week. It's also a good idea to walk to nearby places instead of by car. You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel as a result. Secondly, you should also change your diet. Try to cut down on fried food, butter, cheese and fatty meat! Eat more fruits and vegetables.
Getting fit and healthy again takes time, so be consistent and don't give up after just a couple of weeks. I hope that will be useful.
All the best,
Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解：
第一节:
A篇 (兴趣与爱好)
本文是应用文。文章是四所学校的招生广告。
21. A。细节理解题。根据该校介绍中的Outstanding field trips可知应选A项，而其它三所学校均没有提到野外实地考察。
22. D。细节理解题。根据该校介绍中的Hands-on experiential learning, a great attraction for students across the country可知，很多学生选择奈斯密斯天才学校是因为该校提供让学生实际动手操作的机会。而根据该校介绍中的Top 10 in the world，Minimal homework以及2014 Tommy Award可知，其余三项说法错误。
23. B。细节理解题。根据FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS介绍中的all classes are one-to-one和Scheduling is personalized可知，该校的全部课程均是一对一定制化的。
B篇 (个人情况)
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己和知名作家Edward Dahlberg之间一次不愉快的见面。
24. A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的He ... dismissed everyone in the twentieth century以及对海明威、福克纳和乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》的否定可知，他对这些作家的评价不高，有点看不起他们。
25. C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的I put out my hand but he let it hang以及接下来Edward对作者的冷嘲热讽可知，他对作者的到来没有表示热烈欢迎，相反却很冷淡。
26. B。推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O'Casey ...以及I mumbled可知，当Edward让作者引用一句Sean O'Casey的名言时，他感到不安。
27. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的My face was hot and I said without thinking, “O'Casey fought his way ... Who ever heard of you ”可知，面对大家的嘲笑，作者一吐为快，将自己心中的不满发泄了出来。
C篇 (艺术)
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲最大的艺术博物馆——巴黎的蓬皮杜中心。
28. A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的one of disbelief，brought shame on Paris，their money had been totally wasted以及looked like an oil refinery可知，一开始人们不喜欢蓬皮杜中心。
29. D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality可知，Piano和Rogers负责建设蓬皮杜中心。
30. C。推理判断题。根据第五段中的they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted和第六段中的it was completely different from any other museum可知，Lasvignes应该认为蓬皮杜中心的设计别出心裁。
31. B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We are not only a museum,” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library ... and everything flows together.”可知，蓬皮杜中心的显著特点是，它不仅仅是一家博物馆，同时也举办各种文化活动。
D篇 (社会)
本文是议论文。文章通过一些重要研究结果说明了闲谈的益处。
32. A。推理判断题。细读第二段可知，这项研究通过比较参与者的“强联系”交际和“弱联系”交际得出了结论。
33. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的In surveys completed afterward ... who rode in solitude可知，这项研究发现，与陌生人的交谈会给人们带来愉快。
34. B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to “wonderful, short conversations with strangers”可推断，Epley博士应该会认为，智能手机可能会扼杀与陌生人的闲谈。
35. D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了闲谈的益处。文章的中心句为第二段首句A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits。
第二节:
话题：人际关系
本文是说明文。文章主要是表达感谢的相关建议。
36. C。根据该空后的let your family know ...可知，所给选项中只有C项符合该处语境。raise a glass意为“祝酒”。
37. F。根据上一句中的came up with和下一段首的HANDTE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year可知，HANDTE从一项宿舍活动变成了一个年年如此的传统。
38. D。D项中的don't see each other that much和该空后的become a time to see and be with each other相互呼应。
39. E。该空后的内容是对E项“你也可以把庆祝变成一种高尚的目标”的举例。
40. B。根据该空后的the debts you paid off or the friends you've made可知，应该回首自己近来的成就。
英语知识运用：
第一节:
话题：家庭、朋友与周围的人
本文是记叙文。作者在文中讲述了自己第一次当伴郎的经历，并感受到自己已经长大成人。
41. B。根据上文中的Even though和下一句I was only just 18可知，尽管作者和哥哥一直相处融洽并很少吵架，但当哥哥邀请他当伴郎时，作者还是很“吃惊（surprised）”，毕竟他年仅18岁。
42. D。根据破折号后的it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult以及下文的故事内容可知，作者立刻“接受了（accepted）”哥哥的提议。
43. A。44. C。根据下文中的“Supposed to or have to ” I asked和wedding speeches可知，晚饭时，妈妈“告诉（told）”作者伴郎需要“发言（make speeches）”。
45. A。根据上文中的feeling my heart rate increasing a little可知，当作者得知伴郎必须得发言时，“突然（Suddenly）”觉得不饿，吃不下饭。
46. D。根据该空前的There wasn't any point可知，婚礼上发言是不可“避免（avoid）”的。
47. B。下文中的my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship是作者想推后发言的“借口（excuses）”。
48. B。根据该句中的my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship可知，如果哥哥和他的未婚妻关系破裂，那么婚礼就会被“取消（cancelled）”。
49. C。根据下文中的Quickly和作者开始准备发言内容可知，哥哥“真的（actually）”要结婚了。
50. A。根据整个故事的语境可知，作者此时急“需（needed）”一篇婚礼发言稿。
51. D。根据下文中的After a few minutes I found a website可知，作者在网上“搜索（searched for）”发言稿。
52. B。根据下文中的the Internet和常识可知，网络无所不能，有一切问题的“答案（answers）”。
53. C。根据下一句中的It suggested可知，作者找到一个提供演讲相关“建议（tips）”的网站。
54. D。根据下文中的when he was young: my brother as a baby, my brother with his first “girlfriend”可知，该网站建议作者找一些新郎“较年轻时（younger）”的照片。
55. A。根据上文中的photos of the groom可知，此处选photos。
56. B。根据下一句中的Wedding speeches were made after a meal可知，婚礼“最终（finally）”还是如约而至。
57. C。上文中的I can't say I wasn't nervous和 I had hardly eaten anything与下文中的feel better about it之间为对比关系，故填However。
58. A。根据上文中的within a few minutes可知，作者“开始（started）”渐入佳境。
59. D。根据该空后的everyone was praising me可知，婚礼上的照片展示取得了巨大“成功（success）”。
60. B。此处指大家都称赞作者在婚礼上展示新郎照片的绝佳“主意（idea）”。
第二节:
61. are。考查主谓一致。设空处描述的一般事实，且由some ways可知，谓语应用复数形式，故填are。
62. be considered。考查被动语态。主语Anything与consider之间是被动关系，且设空处前面有情态动词can，故填be considered。
63. himself。考查代词。由get him talking by asking him to reveal some information可知，设空处所在句表述的是说话者谈论自己的信息，故填himself。
64. personal。考查形容词作定语的用法。由下文的the person's health, religion, or political views可知，设空处表述的是不要问太多私人的问题，故填personal。
65. surroundings。考查名词。surroundings意为“周围的事物，周围的情况”。
66. and。考查连词。between ... and ...意为“在……（两者）之间”。
67. to talk。考查不定式作状语的用法。设空处在句中作目的状语，故填to talk。
68. Really。考查副词。设空处修饰动名词listening，表示“真正地”，故填Really。
69. that / which。考查关系代词。设空处在句中引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词things，且在从句中作宾语，故填that / which。
70. in。考查介词。“朝……的方向”用介词in。
[选做题参考答案及解析]
[参考答案]
1-4 DDAA 5-8 DBBA
[解析]
A篇 (社会)
本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了阿尔·戈尔作为环保专家所做出的种种努力。
1. D。细节理解题。根据首段中的in order to educate people about the effects of global warming可知，Gore环游世界是想提高人们对于全球变暖这一气候问题的关注度。
2. D。词义猜测题。根据接下来的as he has always been a very private person和Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him可知，Gore一开始并不愿意接受好莱坞制片人Laurie David的提议。
3. A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的he would be walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for ‘Best Documentary'和第五段中的Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD可知，这部名为《难以忽视的真相》的纪录片取得了巨大成功。
4. A。推理判断题。根据文章末尾的It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals can achieve very much, but put them all together and they may add up to something that will, literally, change the world可知，作者认为，每个人的一小步加起来将是人类的一大步。
B篇 (语言学习)
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了行业术语词典出版的背景以及深受喜爱的原因。
5. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cant” may refer to a dialect or even a coded language used by a group可知，cant意为“某一团体的专用语”。
6. B。细节理解题。根据第三段首句Andrewes' cant dictionary was published with the author's firm intention to “expose” the language of criminals with the aim of “the more easy detection of their crimes.”可知，Andrewes出版词典是为了揭穿罪犯的行话，从而使警探的抓捕工作更加容易。
7. B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的It's less clear how this would work in practice以及接下来作者想象的警探抓捕罪犯的滑稽场景和this would have proved an ineffective means of detecting criminals可知，作者认为Andrewes的词典有违他出版的初衷，在帮助抓捕罪犯的工作中并不奏效。
8. A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Perhaps the cant dictionaries share some of the characteristics that made detective fiction so popular in the nineteenth century可知，由于术语词典和19世纪当时正流行的侦探小说不谋而合，因此才广受人们喜爱。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL
Grades: Preschool-Grade 8
LCDS.org 703-777-3841
Award-winning school features a low student-teacher ratio (比率). Courses include art, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics), computer programming, languages, athletics, instruments. BYOT (Bring Your Own Technology), one-to-one program in fourth through eighth grades. Focus on critical and creative thinking. Outstanding field trips.
★NYSMITH SCHOOL
Grades: 3 years-Grade 8
703-552-2912
Top 10 in the world, fun, award-winning program, up to 4 grade levels of diversification (多样化) in reading and math classes, daily science, computers, logic, foreign languages, much more. 1:9 ratio. Minimal (最少的) homework. Hands-on experiential learning, a great attraction for students across the country. 2014 Tommy Award from TJ for the special achievement of Nysmith Alumni.
★FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS
Grades: 6-12
866-461-8039
Fusion Academy is a private middle and high school where all classes are one-to-one: one student and one teacher per classroom. Here, positive relationships unlock students' potential (潜力). Scheduling (安排) is personalized, and no homework goes e soon to Tysons, Virginia, and achieve school & life balance.
★RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY
Grades: 6-12, Postgraduate
rma.edu 540-636-5484
R-MA is a college-prep boarding school with Air Force JROTC, devoted to developing students of academic achievement, leadership, and responsible citizenship. With smaller classes — on average, 14-17 students per class — students at R-MA find themselves building their confidence because our teachers care about each student. Graduating classes have a 100% college acceptance rate and average over $56.6 million in college scholarships offers each year.
21. How does LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL differ from the others
A. It offers field trips.
B. It has a variety of courses.
C. It provides one-to-one classes.
D. It has award-winning programs.
22. Why do many students choose NYSMITH SCHOOL
A. It has no homework.
B. It is the world's best school.
C. It is a frequent winner of the Tommy Award.
D. It gives them a chance to learn from experience.
23. Which school specializes in personalized education
A. NYSMITH SCHOOL.
B. FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS.
C. RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY.
D. LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL.
B
From the minute I met him I didn't like Edward Dahlberg, or, maybe, I was nervous about meeting a man of letters, my introduction to the social world of American literature.
The evening Alberta and I came over, he sat in a deep armchair facing a semicircle of admirers. They asked his opinion about various writers. He waved his hand and, except for himself, dismissed everyone in the twentieth century: Hemingway wrote “baby talk,” Faulkner “sludge.” Joyce's Ulysses was “a tiring walk through the waste of Dublin.”
R'lene introduced me. This is Frank McCourt from Ireland. He teaches high school English.
I put out my hand but he let it hang. Oh, still a high school boy, are you
I didn't know what to say. He laughed and said to R'lene, “Does our friend teach English to deaf mutes (聋哑人) ” In the Dahlberg world teaching was for women only.
I backed away to my chair, confused.
He wasn't finished. He turned to me. Does our high school boy read And what does he read
I searched my head for something I'd read recently, something distinguished (出众的) that might please him.
I'm reading the autobiography of Sean O'Casey.
Quote (引用) me a line.
My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O'Casey that would match the grand passages Dahlberg quoted from the ancient masters. I mumbled (含糊地说), “Well, I admire O'Casey for the natural way he writes about his life growing up in Dublin.”
He nodded toward me. If you admire so-called natural writing you can always look at the walls of a public toilet.
The admirers laughed. My face was hot and I said without thinking, “O'Casey fought his way out of the slums (贫民窟) of Dublin. He was half blind. He's a ... a ... champion of the worker ... He's as good as you anytime. The whole world knows Sean O'Casey. Who ever heard of you ”
He shook his head for the benefit of his admirers and they shook their heads in agreement. He called to R'lene, “Tell your high school boy to leave my presence. He's not welcome here though his charming wife is welcome to stay.”
24. What was Edward's attitude towards the mentioned writers
A. He looked down on them.
B. He considered them out of date.
C. He showed deep admiration for them.
D. He owed his literary achievement to them.
25. What was Edward's reaction to being introduced to the author
A. He simply ignored the author.
B. He greeted the author politely.
C. He gave the author a cold welcome.
D. He questioned the author's sincerity.
26. How did the author feel at the suggestion of quoting a line
A. Confused.
B. Uneasy.
C. Impatient.
D. Dissatisfied.
27. How did the author face others' laughter
A. He fell completely silent.
B. He laughed back at them.
C. He escaped from the room.
D. He voiced his inner anger.
C
This year, the Paris museum that looks like a jumble (杂乱的一堆) of giant, colored pipes turns 40. The museum — the Pompidou Center — has a secure place in the heart of Paris and in Parisians' hearts. But it wasn't always the case.
“When it was first built, the reaction was one of disbelief,” said Serge Lasvignes, president of the Pompidou Center. “Le Monde newspaper wrote the museum's construction brought shame on Paris, and city politicians thought their money had been totally wasted,” said Lasvignes. Critics said it looked like an oil refinery (炼油厂).
France's first museum entirely devoted to contemporary art saw the light of day thanks to the determination of one man — Georges Pompidou, an art lover who served as France's president from 1969 to 1974.
In 1971, he started an international competition to build the museum, originally known as the Centre Beaubourg. The winning team, which included three young architects from Britain and Italy, was completely unknown at the time. Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality.
“They didn't think they had a chance to win. So they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted,” Lasvignes said.
“The design took everyone by surprise and it was completely different from any other museum. Someone said to Piano, ‘Your thing is terrible — with the escalator (自动扶梯) on the outside, it looks like a supermarket!'” Lasvignes added.
Forty years later, the museum still tries to make culture available to everyone, Lasvignes said. He calls the Pompidou Center a museum like no other. “We are not only a museum,” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library ... and everything flows together.” Pompidou felt putting up walls between different forms of art was harmful. “So we are a house of culture where people return again and again,” Lasvignes said.
The Pompidou Center is Europe's biggest modern art museum; New York's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is the biggest in the world. “But the two museums have totally different strategies (策略),” Lasvignes said. “The MoMA's strategy is to collect masterpieces, and we try to represent an entire epoch (时代).”
28. What was people's attitude to the Pompidou Center at first
A. They disliked it.
B. They respected it.
C. They were curious about it.
D. They paid little attention to it.
29. Who completed the construction of the Paris museum
A. President of the Centre Beaubourg.
B. Three unknown French architects.
C. Georges Pompidou.
D. Piano and Rogers.
30. What was the Pompidou Center like in Lasvignes' eyes
A. Very solid.
B. Quite traditional.
C. Entirely original.
D. Extremely simple.
31. Which is a notable feature of the Pompidou Center
A. It collects great masterpieces.
B. It holds various cultural events.
C. It is the world's biggest art museum.
D. It is particularly attractive to foreigners.
D
Anyone who passes regularly through busy public spaces knows that one victim of our obsession (痴迷) with digital devices such as smartphones has been small talk. With our eyes focused on our smartphones, fewer of us make conversation with strangers. But are we missing something in this loss of relaxing small talk
A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits. In a study published in 2014 in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that daily interactions with casual acquaintances can contribute to day-to-day well-being. Participants were asked to record their daily interactions with people connected to them by “strong ties” (family and friends) and “weak ties” (acquaintances). On days when participants had more “weak tie” interactions than usual, they reported a greater sense of belonging and happiness.
In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in 2014, another group of researchers looked at interactions among strangers. They invited 118 commuters (通勤者) at a Chicago-area railway station and gave them one of three roles: to start a conversation on the train, to avoid any conversation and enjoy the solitude (loneliness) or to do whatever they normally do on their commute. In surveys completed afterward, those who were instructed to make conversation with strangers reported “notably more positive” commutes than those who rode in solitude.
“Talking with a stranger may not offer the same benefits as talking with a close friend, but we underestimate (低估) its importance to us,” says the study's co-author, Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to “wonderful, short conversations with strangers”.
People overestimate the social risks involved in small talk, adds Dr. Epley, “Most people not only want to talk to you; they'll tell you secret things they may not even tell a family member”.
32. The first study got the findings from the participants by comparing their _____.
A. strong and weak tie interactions
B. casual and close acquaintances
C. private and public interactions
D. family members and friends
33. What did the study done on the train find out
A. People are likely to ride in solitude on the train.
B. Few commuters like to chat with strangers.
C. There are three kinds of train commuters.
D. Chats with strangers bring joy to people.
34. Which of the following would Dr. Epley probably agree with
A. It is nicer to talk with strangers than friends.
B. Smartphones may kill small talk with strangers.
C. People fail to realize the importance of friendship.
D. Most strangers prefer to spend time on their phones.
35. What does the text mainly discuss
A. The interactions with strangers.
B. The loss of relaxing small talk.
C. The influence of smartphones.
D. The important role of small talk.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four simple steps to be truly thankful
Thanksgiving is more than pie and turkey. It's about helping and loving the family, friends and world around you. The following tips will help you show your thankfulness.
1. Family
A lot can happen in a year. Your family may have added some loved ones and lost some at the same time. 36 , and let your family know how important they are to you and how glad you are that you all could get together.
2. Friends
Do what you always do — throw a party. In college, Chicago natives Heather and Nosheen threw a dinner party for their friends on Thanksgiving and came up with HANTDE: Heather and Nosheen's Thanksgiving Day Extravaganza. 37 .
“HANDTE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year,” Heather says. “ 38 , so HANTDE has become a time to see and be with each other.”
3. Community (社区)
You could volunteer at a local soup kitchen or bring unused items (物品) to a food bank. 39 . This year, Heather and Nosheen are asking their HANTDE guests to offer a monetary donation, which they will donate to help low-income families.
4. Self
40 , for example, the debts you paid off or the friends you've made. Being able to give thanks for yourself and what you've done is the first step to being able to show thankfulness to others.
A. Stop racing for the next raise
B. Look back on your recent achievements
C. Take the time to raise a glass during dinner
D. We have jobs now and don't see each other that much
E. You could also turn your celebration into a good cause
F. What started in their dorm room now is a yearly tradition
G. Perhaps a family member is fighting against a deadly disease
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I'd like you to be my best man (伴郎),” said my brother.
Even though my brother and I had always got on well and rarely argued, I was still 41 . I was only just 18. I had only been to a few weddings (婚礼) in my life and I was already going to be a best man. I 42 immediately — it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult.
During dinner that evening my mother 43 me that best men were, of course, supposed to make 44 .
“Supposed to or have to ” I asked, feeling my heart rate increasing a little.
“Well, have to,” she said.
45 I didn't feel hungry any more.
There wasn't any point in trying to 46 doing it. And of course when you're young, you don't tend to (倾向于) worry about things for long. I started making 47 to myself so I could do it later: after all, my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship and the wedding would be 48 .
A week before the wedding it was clear that my brother was 49 going to get married. I 50 a speech. Quickly.
I 51 wedding speeches in the place which seems to have the 52 to everything: the Internet. After a few minutes I found a website with 53 on making speeches. It suggested finding photos of the groom (新郎) when he was 54 and making use of them in the speech.
Perfect! There were hundreds of 55 of my brother when he was young: my brother as a baby, my brother with his first “girlfriend”, etc.
When the moment 56 arrived, I can't say I wasn't nervous. Wedding speeches were made after a meal and I had hardly eaten anything. 57 , within a few minutes of standing up to make my speech, I 58 to feel better about it. The photos were a huge 59 and everyone was praising me for such a fantastic 60 .
41. A. proud B. surprised C. excited D. moved
42. A. agreed B. refused C. remembered D. accepted
43. A. told B. supported C. taught D. persuaded
44. A. wishes B. promises C. speeches D. preparations
45. A. Suddenly B. Frequently C. Shortly D. Naturally
46. A. imagine B. risk C. practice D. avoid
47. A. mistakes B. excuses C. explanations D. appointments
48. A. discussed B. cancelled C. prevented D. advanced
49. A. gradually B. immediately C. actually D. generally
50. A. needed B. wrote C. made D. found
51. A. picked out B. paid for C. laughed at D. searched for
52. A. warnings B. answers C. invitations D. secrets
53. A. reports B. lessons C. tips D. congratulations
54. A. happier B. stronger C. cooler D. younger
55. A. photos B. tricks C. books D. gifts
56. A. normally B. finally C. quickly D. probably
57. A. Instead B. Besides C. However D. Anyway
58. A. started B. hoped C. continued D. chose
59. A. challenge B. responsibility C. difference D. success
60. A. memory B. idea C. story D. suggestion
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here 61. ________ (be) some ways to start talking.
Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can 62. ________ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.
Involve the other person. Now that you've established common ground, it's time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about 63. ________ (he). Don't ask anything too 64. ________ (person), like asking about the person's health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask open-ended questions about the person's interests, job, or 65. ________ (surrounding).
Follow up with a question or a statement. The person's response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions 66. ________ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like he's being interrogated (质问), and too many statements won't give the person room 67. ________ (talk).
Take the time to listen. 68. ________ (real) listening to things 69. ________ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation 70. ________ a more fun or productive direction.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Far before the summer vacation began, I had been thinking about what to do it since I didn't have to go school for a couple of months. During the holiday, I finished my homeworks quite early. Then I thought it would be a good idea to finding a job to do for the rest of the boring holiday. I clearly remembered it was the first time I'd ever had the job. I spent a month in an office, main keying information into the company's database. Every day I just did the same thing but I try my best to love the work or continue. Although I found the job not interested and didn't earn many, I still learned a lot from it.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，下面内容节选自你的英国笔友Emma发给你的电子邮件。请你根据此部分内容给她回一封邮件。
... It was a brilliant holiday, but my health and fitness have suffered. Too many ice creams and not enough exercise! You're the healthiest person I know — can you give me some advice on how to get fit and healthy again Thanks,Emma
注意：词数120左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Hi Emma,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
All the best,
Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Al Gore has been concerned with climate change, or ‘climate crisis' as he calls it, for the majority of his political career. As the years passed and he became more passionate about this issue (问题), he started travelling the world in order to educate people about the effects of global warming using computer slide shows. Free of charge, he explained to his audiences that the world is facing a ‘planetary emergency' and that it isn't too late to stop it if appropriate action is taken now.
It was during this time of touring and giving lectures that Gore was spotted by Hollywood producer Laurie David, who asked him to turn his slide shows into a documentary in which he would play the starring role. At first, Gore was reluctant, as he has always been a very private person, despite (尽管) being used to being in the public eye. Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him. The result was a fascinating documentary combining references to Gore's own life story with horrifying predictions about the future of our planet.
Little did Gore know that just one year later he would be walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for ‘Best Documentary'. Advertised as ‘the scariest movie you'll see,' the movie concentrates on the potentially terrifying consequences of climate change.
‘An Inconvenient Truth' certainly gives us much to consider. As the title of the film suggests, it may be inconvenient for us to have to think about the future of the planet, but think we must.
The profits (收益) from the film are now funding other campaigns to spread the message about global warming. Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD to help them teach awareness of environmental issues to their students.
So can this one man's efforts really make a difference Well, according to Gore, if we are clear about what the problem is, then we are more likely to introduce changes into our daily lives. It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals (个人) can achieve very much, but put them all together and they may add up to something that will, literally, change the world.
1. Why did Gore make a worldwide tour
A. To build his political career.
B. To research on climate change.
C. To provide private education for children.
D. To raise public awareness about climate change.
2. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Para. 2 mean
A. Cheerful.
B. Curious.
C. Surprised.
D. Unwilling.
3. What can we infer about the film
A. It was a great success.
B. It brought Gore in great money.
C. It was far too scary for many people.
D. It avoided the inconvenient crisis consequences.
4. What does the author try to say in the last paragraph
A. Personal contributions count.
B. We'd better begin to change from now on.
C. Gore's efforts will make no difference to the world.
D. Everyone shares the responsibility for the environment.
B
One of the first things you may see when you enter Clever Criminals and Daring Detectives is a wall of extremely strange words: Peg tantrums. Tip the velvet. Potatoe trap. What could these expressions mean
These colorful idioms come from A Dictionary of the Slang and Cant Languages by George Andrewes (1809). “Cant” may refer to a dialect (方言) or even a coded (加密的) language used by a group, particularly if members of that group want to keep their meaning hidden from outsiders. As you can imagine, people who operate on the shady side of society — thieves, beggars — would have good reason to make their conversation difficult to understand to casual listeners. On the other hand, everyone else — law enforcement, curious writers — would want to be in on the secret.
Andrewes' cant dictionary was published with the author's firm intention to “expose” the language of criminals with the aim of “the more easy detection of their crimes.” It's less clear how this would work in practice; I can't help but imagine some detectives walking around the less fashionable addresses in London with cant dictionary in hand, stealthily turning over the pages to keep up with an overheard criminal plan. But this would have proved an ineffective means of detecting criminals, as Andrewes' definitions were taken almost word-for-word from an earlier work by Humphrey Tristram Potter, which itself was drawn from even older sources.
So if cant dictionaries weren't an effective tool in a criminal's tool kit, why were they in such high demand that writers kept producing them for centuries Perhaps the cant dictionaries share some of the characteristics that made detective fiction so popular in the nineteenth century. There is certainly the attraction of a secretive look into the underworld: the average citizen may have no reason to hide their meaning behind mysterious words, but it's rather interesting to think about those who do. Fiction writers certainly made good use of cant dictionaries in writing dialogue for shady characters: notably, Charles Dickens was highly praised for his description of Oliver Twist's band of pickpockets, whose talk relies heavily on Andrewes' cant research.
Perhaps there is also the pleasure in decoding a message or solving a riddle: if a potatoe trap isn't an equipment to catch tubers, then what is it It's a little linguistic puzzle to solve.
5. What is cant
A. Criminal slang.
B. Local language.
C. Complex idioms.
D. Specialized words.
6. Why did Andrewes publish the dictionary
A. To explain word usage.
B. To help criminal-arresting.
C. To simplify criminal language.
D. To connect criminals to detectives.
7. What is the author's opinion on the dictionary
A. It's very important.
B. It's almost useless.
C. It's simple.
D. It's funny.
8. What made cant dictionaries widely liked
A. The beneficial influence of detective novels.
B. People's natural love for popular detectives.
C. The examples in Charles Dickens' work.
D. People's hate for criminals.
答案
21-25 ADBAC 26-30 BDADC
31-35 BADBD 36-40 CFDEB 41-45 BDACA
46-50 DBBCA 51-55 DBCDA 56-60 BCADB
61. are 62. be considered 63. himself
64. personal 65. surroundings 66. and
67. to talk 68. Really 69. that / which
70. in
短文改错：
71. ... to do it ... 去掉it
72. ... to go school ... go后加to
73. ... finished my homeworks ... homeworks → homework
74. ... to finding a ... finding → find
75. ... had the job. the → a
76. ... main keying information ... main → mainly
77. ... try my best ... try → tried
78. ... work or continue. or → and
79. ... job not interested ... interested → interesting
80. ... didn't earn many ... many → much
One possible version：
Hi Emma,
Thanks for your email. It sounds as if you had a good time on your holiday. But you definitely need to change some of those bad habits you picked up.
Firstly, you should do some regular physical exercise. If I were you, I'd go jogging at least three or four times a week. It's also a good idea to walk to nearby places instead of by car. You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel as a result. Secondly, you should also change your diet. Try to cut down on fried food, butter, cheese and fatty meat! Eat more fruits and vegetables.
Getting fit and healthy again takes time, so be consistent and don't give up after just a couple of weeks. I hope that will be useful.
All the best,
Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解：
第一节:
A篇 (兴趣与爱好)
本文是应用文。文章是四所学校的招生广告。
21. A。细节理解题。根据该校介绍中的Outstanding field trips可知应选A项，而其它三所学校均没有提到野外实地考察。
22. D。细节理解题。根据该校介绍中的Hands-on experiential learning, a great attraction for students across the country可知，很多学生选择奈斯密斯天才学校是因为该校提供让学生实际动手操作的机会。而根据该校介绍中的Top 10 in the world，Minimal homework以及2014 Tommy Award可知，其余三项说法错误。
23. B。细节理解题。根据FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS介绍中的all classes are one-to-one和Scheduling is personalized可知，该校的全部课程均是一对一定制化的。
B篇 (个人情况)
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己和知名作家Edward Dahlberg之间一次不愉快的见面。
24. A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的He ... dismissed everyone in the twentieth century以及对海明威、福克纳和乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》的否定可知，他对这些作家的评价不高，有点看不起他们。
25. C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的I put out my hand but he let it hang以及接下来Edward对作者的冷嘲热讽可知，他对作者的到来没有表示热烈欢迎，相反却很冷淡。
26. B。推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的My heart jumped and pounded. My mouth was dry. I could think of nothing from O'Casey ...以及I mumbled可知，当Edward让作者引用一句Sean O'Casey的名言时，他感到不安。
27. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的My face was hot and I said without thinking, “O'Casey fought his way ... Who ever heard of you ”可知，面对大家的嘲笑，作者一吐为快，将自己心中的不满发泄了出来。
C篇 (艺术)
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲最大的艺术博物馆——巴黎的蓬皮杜中心。
28. A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的one of disbelief，brought shame on Paris，their money had been totally wasted以及looked like an oil refinery可知，一开始人们不喜欢蓬皮杜中心。
29. D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, the two architects who saw the project through, made the plan a reality可知，Piano和Rogers负责建设蓬皮杜中心。
30. C。推理判断题。根据第五段中的they thought they might as well do exactly what they wanted和第六段中的it was completely different from any other museum可知，Lasvignes应该认为蓬皮杜中心的设计别出心裁。
31. B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We are not only a museum,” he said. “We have concerts, debates, performances, a library ... and everything flows together.”可知，蓬皮杜中心的显著特点是，它不仅仅是一家博物馆，同时也举办各种文化活动。
D篇 (社会)
本文是议论文。文章通过一些重要研究结果说明了闲谈的益处。
32. A。推理判断题。细读第二段可知，这项研究通过比较参与者的“强联系”交际和“弱联系”交际得出了结论。
33. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的In surveys completed afterward ... who rode in solitude可知，这项研究发现，与陌生人的交谈会给人们带来愉快。
34. B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Dr. Epley traded in his own smartphone for an old featureless phone, which has made him, he says, more open to “wonderful, short conversations with strangers”可推断，Epley博士应该会认为，智能手机可能会扼杀与陌生人的闲谈。
35. D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了闲谈的益处。文章的中心句为第二段首句A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits。
第二节:
话题：人际关系
本文是说明文。文章主要是表达感谢的相关建议。
36. C。根据该空后的let your family know ...可知，所给选项中只有C项符合该处语境。raise a glass意为“祝酒”。
37. F。根据上一句中的came up with和下一段首的HANDTE is a reunion time that we all look forward to every year可知，HANDTE从一项宿舍活动变成了一个年年如此的传统。
38. D。D项中的don't see each other that much和该空后的become a time to see and be with each other相互呼应。
39. E。该空后的内容是对E项“你也可以把庆祝变成一种高尚的目标”的举例。
40. B。根据该空后的the debts you paid off or the friends you've made可知，应该回首自己近来的成就。
英语知识运用：
第一节:
话题：家庭、朋友与周围的人
本文是记叙文。作者在文中讲述了自己第一次当伴郎的经历，并感受到自己已经长大成人。
41. B。根据上文中的Even though和下一句I was only just 18可知，尽管作者和哥哥一直相处融洽并很少吵架，但当哥哥邀请他当伴郎时，作者还是很“吃惊（surprised）”，毕竟他年仅18岁。
42. D。根据破折号后的it was more evidence that I was becoming an adult以及下文的故事内容可知，作者立刻“接受了（accepted）”哥哥的提议。
43. A。44. C。根据下文中的“Supposed to or have to ” I asked和wedding speeches可知，晚饭时，妈妈“告诉（told）”作者伴郎需要“发言（make speeches）”。
45. A。根据上文中的feeling my heart rate increasing a little可知，当作者得知伴郎必须得发言时，“突然（Suddenly）”觉得不饿，吃不下饭。
46. D。根据该空前的There wasn't any point可知，婚礼上发言是不可“避免（avoid）”的。
47. B。下文中的my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship是作者想推后发言的“借口（excuses）”。
48. B。根据该句中的my brother and his fiancée might end their relationship可知，如果哥哥和他的未婚妻关系破裂，那么婚礼就会被“取消（cancelled）”。
49. C。根据下文中的Quickly和作者开始准备发言内容可知，哥哥“真的（actually）”要结婚了。
50. A。根据整个故事的语境可知，作者此时急“需（needed）”一篇婚礼发言稿。
51. D。根据下文中的After a few minutes I found a website可知，作者在网上“搜索（searched for）”发言稿。
52. B。根据下文中的the Internet和常识可知，网络无所不能，有一切问题的“答案（answers）”。
53. C。根据下一句中的It suggested可知，作者找到一个提供演讲相关“建议（tips）”的网站。
54. D。根据下文中的when he was young: my brother as a baby, my brother with his first “girlfriend”可知，该网站建议作者找一些新郎“较年轻时（younger）”的照片。
55. A。根据上文中的photos of the groom可知，此处选photos。
56. B。根据下一句中的Wedding speeches were made after a meal可知，婚礼“最终（finally）”还是如约而至。
57. C。上文中的I can't say I wasn't nervous和 I had hardly eaten anything与下文中的feel better about it之间为对比关系，故填However。
58. A。根据上文中的within a few minutes可知，作者“开始（started）”渐入佳境。
59. D。根据该空后的everyone was praising me可知，婚礼上的照片展示取得了巨大“成功（success）”。
60. B。此处指大家都称赞作者在婚礼上展示新郎照片的绝佳“主意（idea）”。
第二节:
61. are。考查主谓一致。设空处描述的一般事实，且由some ways可知，谓语应用复数形式，故填are。
62. be considered。考查被动语态。主语Anything与consider之间是被动关系，且设空处前面有情态动词can，故填be considered。
63. himself。考查代词。由get him talking by asking him to reveal some information可知，设空处所在句表述的是说话者谈论自己的信息，故填himself。
64. personal。考查形容词作定语的用法。由下文的the person's health, religion, or political views可知，设空处表述的是不要问太多私人的问题，故填personal。
65. surroundings。考查名词。surroundings意为“周围的事物，周围的情况”。
66. and。考查连词。between ... and ...意为“在……（两者）之间”。
67. to talk。考查不定式作状语的用法。设空处在句中作目的状语，故填to talk。
68. Really。考查副词。设空处修饰动名词listening，表示“真正地”，故填Really。
69. that / which。考查关系代词。设空处在句中引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词things，且在从句中作宾语，故填that / which。
70. in。考查介词。“朝……的方向”用介词in。
[选做题参考答案及解析]
[参考答案]
1-4 DDAA 5-8 DBBA
[解析]
A篇 (社会)
本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了阿尔·戈尔作为环保专家所做出的种种努力。
1. D。细节理解题。根据首段中的in order to educate people about the effects of global warming可知，Gore环游世界是想提高人们对于全球变暖这一气候问题的关注度。
2. D。词义猜测题。根据接下来的as he has always been a very private person和Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him可知，Gore一开始并不愿意接受好莱坞制片人Laurie David的提议。
3. A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的he would be walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for ‘Best Documentary'和第五段中的Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD可知，这部名为《难以忽视的真相》的纪录片取得了巨大成功。
4. A。推理判断题。根据文章末尾的It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals can achieve very much, but put them all together and they may add up to something that will, literally, change the world可知，作者认为，每个人的一小步加起来将是人类的一大步。
B篇 (语言学习)
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了行业术语词典出版的背景以及深受喜爱的原因。
5. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Cant” may refer to a dialect or even a coded language used by a group可知，cant意为“某一团体的专用语”。
6. B。细节理解题。根据第三段首句Andrewes' cant dictionary was published with the author's firm intention to “expose” the language of criminals with the aim of “the more easy detection of their crimes.”可知，Andrewes出版词典是为了揭穿罪犯的行话，从而使警探的抓捕工作更加容易。
7. B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的It's less clear how this would work in practice以及接下来作者想象的警探抓捕罪犯的滑稽场景和this would have proved an ineffective means of detecting criminals可知，作者认为Andrewes的词典有违他出版的初衷，在帮助抓捕罪犯的工作中并不奏效。
8. A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Perhaps the cant dictionaries share some of the characteristics that made detective fiction so popular in the nineteenth century可知，由于术语词典和19世纪当时正流行的侦探小说不谋而合，因此才广受人们喜爱。