外研版选修6 Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships-Friendship单元测试题 2（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版选修6 Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships-Friendship单元测试题 2（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-24 21:18:15 | ||
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Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships -Friendship
单元测试题
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
City: Hangzhou
Launched (推出): 2008
Size: 2,965 stations / 69,750 bikes
Price: $32.61 deposit + time charge
While taking a look at this city, you may see the best bike sharing in the world. As the second on the planet by size, the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System is one of the most common and useful shares, largely because it’s combined with public transportation: a single card can be used in subway, bus, taxi and bike sharing. Residents (居民) and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city. Each additional hour costs only $0.15. It was also the first new-generation bike-sharing system in China. By 2020 it’s projected to have 175,000 bikes.
City: Barcelona
Launched: 2007
Size: 420 stations / 6,000 bikes
Price: $6l.93 per year
Barcelona’s Bicycling Program developed Spain’s bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and became four times bigger in one year. It inspired different copycat programs all over the country. Today, Spain has 132 bike-sharing systems. The program is one of the world’s most respected and popular shares. But it is only open to residents and tourists are not allowed to use it.
City: Paris
Launched: 2007
Size: 1,751 stations / 23,900 bikes
Price: $38.52 per year / $2.26 per day
Paris’s bike sharing is the star of the world. Launched in 2007, it is the world’s largest outside of China. Cheap by American standards, you can ride around Paris on a ?1.7 day pass — the first half hour of each trip is free. Because this system covers the city with an average of 50 stations per square mile, it’s a favorite with both locals and tourists.
21. What do we know about Barcelona’s Bicycling Program
A. It has driven the development of Spain’s bike sharing.
B. It has once been ruined by fire accidents.
C. It is popular among travelers.
D. It consists of 175,000 bikes.
22. How much should you pay to ride a shared bike in Paris
A. Nothing for an hour.
B. $6l.93 per year.
C. $2.26 per day.
D. $1.7 per day.
23. What do the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System and Paris’s bike sharing have in common
A. They are open to both locals and tourists.
B. They have the same amount of stations.
C. They were founded in the same year.
D. They require a deposit of over $30.
B
A brand new scooter (滑板车) was recently left outside a shop in Cornwall with a heartwarming note saying: “Free to a little boy or girl who is not lucky enough to have one.” The scooter belonged to Max, a generous six-year-old. The child was given a new scooter for his birthday but he already had one, so he decided that he didn’t need it.
He told his parents he wanted a family who could not afford a scooter to take his extra one and they helped him put a plan together. They spoke with the owner of a local shop in Trispen, Cornwall, who let the family leave the scooter outside. They attached a note to it saying it was free to take.
When the family returned to the shop after a short trip out, they found a thank you note sitting where the scooter once stood, and the family then knew that a happy child was racing home with a new scooter. The note read: “Thank you so much! I love my new scooter. Love Ayla.”
Max’s mum, Deborah, proudly said her six-year-old son had always been generous. The family was thrilled that someone could appreciate and treasure their spare scooter. She also added how they would love to hear from Ayla.
“He realized he couldn’t have two scooters so he said he wanted to give it to another boy or girl who didn’t have one,” Deborah said. The post has been widely shared and appreciated. Max’s kind action has warmed the hearts of many people on Facebook. “I’m very proud of him. He’s my little superstar. There are kind people out there.”
When Max was asked if he had a message for Ayla, he joyfully said: “I hope you enjoy it.”
24. What was the main reason for Max’s offering his new scooter
A. His friend Ayla badly needed one.
B. He already had one of his own.
C. His mother asked him to do so.
D. He disliked the scooter’s style.
25. How did Max give away his new scooter
A. By having it sent to Ayla.
B. By offering it as a birthday present.
C. By asking a shop owner to show it.
D. By leaving it outside a shop with a note.
26. What was the online reaction to Max’s action
A. Few people took notice of it.
B. Some people treated it lightly.
C. Many people expressed their likes.
D. The majority thought it was foolish.
27. What is the purpose of the text
A. To report a heartwarming story.
B. To describe a birthday celebration.
C. To stress the importance of education.
D. To call on people to contribute scooters.
C
It is rightly said that one can share any secret with a true friend. He may know your deepest fears and weaknesses and yet will never take advantage of you. However, keeping a friend’s secrets to youself and not telling the world is what makes the bond grow strong and last forever. You need to develop trust and mutual (互相的) understanding before you start sharing secrets with each other. With friends, secret talks never seem to end and it can get really amusing to know what has been going on in your friend’s mind.
There is a certain time in life especially from the teenage years when one starts having a personal periphery (界限) in life and parents are excluded (排斥) from it. It is because there are certain things that they can’t understand and we can’t discuss with them. That is when friends become the best secret sharers. They are the ones to whom one reveals one’s feelings and best kept secrets.
It is a general belief that only girls share secrets. But boys have their own secrets that they discuss with only closest friends. The secret talks can range (变化) from relationships, talks about fights with parents, secret activities and anything that is not supposed to be known to others! If you think secrets are limited to only teenagers, get your facts right! Secrets can be shared at any age and there is no hard and fast rule that secrets are shared only among youngsters.
Sharing secrets with a friend is not just fun, but it also helps to develop a lasting trust in one another. Sometimes, sharing secrets will tell you more about the person. You will come to know whether your friend is reliable and trustworthy and whether it is worth sharing your secrets with them. You can call it a test of friendship.
28. What is an advantage of sharing secrets with a friend
A. It helps a lot in your study.
B. It leads you to a carefree life.
C. It makes you popular with other people.
D. It contributes to a long-term mutual belief.
29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly try to show
A. Parents are always the best people to share secrets with.
B. Teenagers prefer to share secrets with their friends.
C. Parents should build trust with teenagers.
D. Teenagers grow to be independent.
30. The underlined word “reveals” in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by _____.
A. proves
B. tells
C. gets
D. holds
31. What can be learned about sharing secrets
A. It’s limited to girls.
B. It follows strict rules.
C. It can happen at any age.
D. It does harm to a strong bond.
D
It is 7 a.m. on a gray Thursday, and I am on the telephone to a group of strangers struggling with excited laughter. There must be 20 of them — men and women; young and old — laughing. These people have never met; nor do they know each other’s names. Yet for 10 minutes, five mornings a week, they simply pick up the phone and laugh.
This is the “laughter line”, part of the growing industry in laughter treatment, Britain’s latest and most unusual treatment. The simple act of laughing is increasingly being used as a method for dealing with mental (精神的) and physical disorders. Since it was founded in 2004, the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times, training 8,000 people to use laughter to improve their health.
So how does it work It reduces stress. A Maryland study found that it expands the inner lining of our blood vessels (血管) and so improves circulation. “Your immune system (免疫系统) is strengthened by up to 40 percent,” explains laughter therapist Julie Whitehead, whose work includes training those who work at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Laughter has also been shown to lower blood pressure (血压) and improve mental function.
But Lotte Mikkelson, 45, founder of the laughter line, warns that it’s important to see it as a method of treatment — not a cure (治愈). “In 2008, I was diagnosed with an incurable disease,” she explains. “My sister died at the age of 32 from it, so I know what could happen. Since I started laughing, I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great. I’d never say laughter is a cure — but it can help.”
32. Why do the strangers laugh on the phone
A. They want to make more friends.
B. They are struggling with mental illness.
C. They do so for the good of their health.
D. They are taking an optimistic attitude to life.
33. How does the UK Laughter Network help people
A. By training them to use laughter.
B. By providing them with free medicine.
C. By inspiring them to realize their dreams.
D. By involving them in effective communication.
34. What can we learn from Lotte Mikkelson’s words in the last paragraph
A. She has recovered from her illness.
B. She thinks of laughter as a cure for her disease.
C. She believes laughter is helpful for her condition.
D. She regrets not teaching her sister laughter treatment.
35. What is the best title of the text
A. How did a laughter line come into being
B. Why do people seldom laugh in life
C. Laughter makes you more popular
D. Laughter is the best medicine
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today, people are getting less sleep than they need. We need to get eight hours of sleep each night. But today, many of us are not getting enough hours of sleep. 36 People work longer, go to meetings at night, eat supper late, watch television, spend hours online, or go out until late.
37 When you sleep, your body produces chemicals that help the body to rest and to stay healthy. One health problem is weight gain (增加). When you don’t get enough sleep, you feel hungry. Your body thinks it needs more calories (卡路里); it will react in the way even when you have already eaten enough. Another problem is that if you don’t get enough sleep, your memory will not work well. You will feel worried and in a bad mood. 38 Without enough sleep, you feel tired. When you lose sleep, your body ages at a faster rate (速度). Sleeping reduces the effects of aging.
Our need to sleep changes as we get older. Newborn babies sleep from sixteen to twenty hours a day. Teenagers need about nine or ten hours of sleep. Adults need about eight hours, and the elderly need about six or seven. 39 We don’t sleep as long or as deeply. Older people can spend a lot of time in bed. But they don’t sleep well.
40 People with serious sleep problems might need to see their doctor or change their lifestyles.
A. People take time away from their sleep to do other things.
B. Getting enough sleep is important to your health.
C. They have trouble getting enough sleep at night.
D. The body uses sleep to make energy for itself.
E. As we age, we lose our ability to sleep.
F. Sleep problems can be serious.
G. Deep sleep refreshes our body.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was younger, I loved to read. I could get through a whole book in a day, and used to 41 my parents every night to let me stay up later so I could “just 42 my chapter (章节)”. I read any literature (著作) that I could get my hands on.
However, 43 there are many books for younger children, once you reach your mid-teens the choices become 44 . I found myself choosing between books for children that were 45 and boring, and adult books that I couldn’t quite understand.
This lack of choice 46 led me to read less and less. When I was in secondary school, the 47 books I read were ones we were assigned in English class, and I was never very 48 about my teacher’s choices. I thought too much discussion of symbolism (象征意义) and themes 49 the book. Maybe the sky being blue didn’t 50 anything; maybe it was just a description! Rather than making me more 51 in literature, it made me 52 want to pick up a book again.
I reluctantly (不情愿地) chose a French literature course in my first year at university. I started out unhappy, determined not to 53 any of the works we were studying over the course of the year. However, I soon 54 that at a university level, the discussion was more 55 and the books more interesting! Being able to discuss my thoughts with other people meant that I could better 56 the subtle aspects of the books — even the symbolism and themes.
I began reading again for 57 . Now, during my year abroad, I spend a lot of my spare time in bookshops and 58 in cafés, and even attend a monthly book club with some other language assistants.
Reading is a great way to widen your horizons (视野), 59 your vocabulary and use your imagination. I’m so happy that I 60 my love of books.
41. A. advise B. encourage C. force D. ask
42. A. choose B. change C. finish D. study
43. A. while B. since C. unless D. if
44. A. free B. clear C. wide D. limited
45. A. silly B. special C. rare D. small
46. A. hardly B. usually C. finally D. strangely
47. A. next B. only C. same D. last
48. A. certain B. concerned C. doubtful D. enthusiastic
49. A. reviewed B. explained C. ruined D. renewed
50. A. represent B. answer C. advertise D. affect
51. A. successful B. interested C. confident D. disappointed
52. A. nearly B. never C. even D. already
53. A. share B. learn C. touch D. enjoy
54. A. realised B. expected C. thought D. supposed
55. A. similar B. formal C. fruitful D. familiar
56. A. understand B. accept C. praise D. predict
57. A. comfort B. pleasure C. hope D. prize
58. A. chatting B. playing C. sitting D. reading
59. A. know B. measure C. expand D. show
60. A. expressed B. rediscovered C. returned D. experienced
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ava’s face looked like thunder and she hoped she could weather the storm 61. ________ was brewing (酝酿) between her and Sara. Some days, Sara was her best friend. On others, she felt like Sara was just a fair-weather friend. Today was one of those 62. ________ (day).
Yesterday Ava told Sara about a jacket she’d seen at Forever 18, which she 63. ________ (obvious) wanted to get. The jacket would go on sale. She planned 64. ________ (go) to the store the next day and buy it. There was only one jacket 65. ________ (leave) in Ava’s size. Well, Ava went to the store, and the jacket was gone! She was shocked and felt rather sad.
After school, she told another friend Jackie about what had happened. Jackie 66. ________ (remark) that she’d seen Sara at the store during lunchtime. The news hit Ava hard. Sara would only go there for one reason — to buy the jacket for 67. ________ (her)! Ava regretted telling Sara about the jacket. 68. ________ (have) her head in the clouds, Ava decided to have a talk with Sara!
When she found Sara, Sara handed her a box and said, “I know you’ve been snowed under lately, so I thought I’d do something nice 69. ________ you.” When Ava opened the box, there was the jacket! Sara wasn’t a fair-weather friend. Now everything was as right 70. ________ rain. Sara’s friendship was a ray of sunshine.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Looking back on these year, I consider the friendships I’ve made as very valuable. I’m still very closed with all of my friends from home because of the connections we have from grow up together. I regard them as my treasure but I’ve taken the value of friendship with me to college, where I have rapid made a new group of good friends. Whenever I felt down or need someone to talk, I can always look to my friends. I know that they have my back and I have their. If I need anything that I can always turn to them for help. To be honestly, I really value the friendships that I’ve made.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice发来电子邮件，提到她上周作为交换生来到中国的一所学校学习，但她一时交不到朋友，感到很苦恼。请你用英语给她回一封电子邮件，向她提一些有关如何交友的建议。
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Dear Alice,
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Squirrels aren’t natural city dwellers (居民). In 1856 the sight of one in a tree near New York’s city hall so surprised passersby that a newspaper published a report about the “unusual visitor.”
Around that time, the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to “create pockets of peace and calm like the country-side,” says University of Pennsylvania historian Etienne Benson, who studied our relationship to squirrels over the course of five years.
First they were introduced to Philadelphia, then to New Haven, Boston, and New York City. Park visitors were encouraged to feed them, and security guards ensured their safety. In the 1910s a leader of the Boy Scouts of America (an organization teaching boys practical skills) said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards (奖赏) of treating a weaker creature with sympathy (同情心), says Benson.
By the early 20th century, though, America began to regret the friendliness it had shown squirrels. Cities had once been filled with animals — from horses pulling goods to dairy cows. By the 1950s those working animals had been moved to the countryside. Pets and wild animals such as birds and squirrels were all that remained of the urban animal kingdom.
Before long, people’s enthusiasm for squirrels wore off, and they started to see them as annoyances (讨厌的东西). By the 1970s many parks banned feeding the creatures. Today, it is rare to find kids with their parents offering food to squirrels under a tree. And, unfortunately, with more and more buildings being constructed in the city, fewer inhabitable areas are left for the little tree-dwelling animals.
What would be lost if the last of these city dwellers were forced to leave “I think there’s something constructive to having other living creatures in the city that are not humans and not pets but share the land with us,” says Benson. “It’s a good thing to live in a landscape where you see other creatures going around making lunch. It’s good for the soul (灵魂).”
1. Why were squirrels introduced to Philadelphia
A. To entertain park visitors.
B. To keep the natural balance.
C. To encourage kids to protect animals.
D. To make the urban life more peaceful.
2. What was the Boy Scouts leader’s attitude towards feeding squirrels
A. Disagreeable.
B. Doubtful.
C. Supportive.
D. Uncaring.
3. What might have happened to squirrels in cities around the 1960s
A. They might have inhabited more homes.
B. They might have begun to go out of favor.
C. They might have been introduced to more cities.
D. They might have been moved to the countryside.
4. What does Benson suggest in the last paragraph
A. Squirrels living in cities are annoying.
B. Feeding squirrels should be discouraged.
C. Squirrels should be allowed to live in cities.
D. It is possible for people to keep squirrels as pets.
B
If it weren’t for her mentor (导师), Rebecca Cruz is certain that she wouldn’t have gotten her bachelor’s degree.
Ms. Cruz went through a troubling time during her second year in community college. She didn’t feel much support at home. Struggling on the edge of stopping her education, Cruz turned to her mentor, Alex Lopez. “He put me in the right direction,” Cruz recalls.
Gisela Bushey is another woman who understands the importance of mentors, and she hopes to find an Alex for every Rebecca. So she designed Critical Bridge, which provides them with mentorship.
And in October, Critical Bridge was named a recipient of the $50,000 Encore Prize, which is awarded by Encore.org, a partner organization that aims to use the talents of those age 50 or older.
As part of the prize, Encore.org will provide mentors for Critical Bridge. The mentors will work with youths throughout their participation in the two programs connected to Critical Bridge.
More than 10,000 people in the United States are retiring every day, according to Phyllis Moen, a sociology professor. Many of these Americans have expressed a desire (渴望) to give back to their communities.
“They want to do something meaningful. And there’s nothing more meaningful than mentoring across generations,” Professor Moen says.
Dima Khoury has mentored young people throughout her career. She sees mentorship as a personal relationship.
“Take the time to get to know each other,” Ms. Khoury says. “If you take the time to build trust at the beginning, it will be much easier to build a healthy relationship after that, and more beneficial (有益的).” Speaking from experience, she says mentors might not always have the answers, but being a listener is just as important.
“I think what helps is sometimes asking the right questions and letting them think about it,” she says. “It benefits critical thinking.”
Cruz, now a San Francisco State graduate, has become a mentor too.
“Sometimes we are in a condition where we don’t have people to go to; you might not make it out from that same cycle without the help of any human guide,” she says.
But by providing mentorship and resources, Cruz hopes that if such a time comes, students will “make the decision to push forward as opposed to giving up.”
5. What can be known about Rebecca Cruz
A. She was strongly supported by her family.
B. She failed to get her bachelor’s degree.
C. She gave up her college education.
D. She was helped by her mentor.
6. What do we know about Critical Bridge
A. It offers students mentorship.
B. It gives mentors prizes yearly.
C. It was founded by Alex Lopez.
D. It is a talent search organization.
7. What does Dima Khoury think of mentorship
A. It requires rich experience.
B. It takes a long time to build.
C. It is the best job chance for retired people.
D. It involves a good understanding between people.
8. What is Rebecca Cruz’s future wish
A. To provide students with support.
B. To guide students through their study.
C. To build a healthy relationship with others.
D. To get advanced training in mentorship skills.
参考答案
21-25 ACABD 26-30 CADBB
31-35 CCACD 36-40 ABDEF
41-45 DCADA 46-50 CBDCA
51-55 BBDAC 56-60 ABDCB
61. that / which 62. days
63. obviously 64. to go
65. left 66. remarked
67. herself 68. Having
69. for 70. as
短文改错
71. ... on these year ... year → years
72. ... very closed with ... closed → close
73. ... from grow up ... grow → growing
74. ... but I’ve taken ... but → and
75. ... have rapid made ... rapid → rapidly
76. ... I felt down ... felt → feel
77. ... someone to talk ... talk后加to / with
78. ... I have their. their → theirs
79. ... need anything that ... 去掉that
80. To be honestly ... honestly → honest
One possible version:
Dear Alice,
I’m glad to receive your letter, but I’m sorry to hear you’re having difficulty in making new friends in your new school. It’s my pleasure to offer you some advice.
First, believe in yourself, smile and be friendly, because smiling is an open invitation to others. Second, it’s important to take an active part in class activities. You can look for people with the same interests as you, who you are likely to get along with. Last, it’s a good idea to help others when necessary. If you’re always ready to help others, they’ll understand you better.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you. May you be happy in your new school.
Yours,
Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会服务
本文是应用文。文章介绍了杭州、巴塞罗那、巴黎三个城市的自行车共享系统。
21. A。推理判断题。根据第二部分中的Barcelona’s Bicycling Program developed Spain’s bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and became four times bigger in one year可知，巴塞罗那自行车项目促进了西班牙共享单车的发展。
22. C。细节理解题。根据第三部分中的Price: $38.52 per year / $2.26 per day可知答案。
23. A。细节理解题。根据第一部分中的Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city和第三部分中的it’s a favorite with both locals and tourists可知，两者的共同点是当地居民和游客均可使用。
B篇
主题语境：人与自我——做人
本文是记叙文。6岁男童Max得到一辆崭新的滑板车作为生日礼物，由于自己已有一辆，于是决定将这件礼物送给买不起滑板车的孩童。他的行为在网络上得到大家的赞许。
24. B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的The child was given a new scooter for his birthday but he already had one, so he decided that he didn’t need it可知答案。
25. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的They spoke with the owner of a local shop in Trispen, Cornwall, who let the family leave the scooter outside. They attached a note to it saying it was free to take可知，他将滑板车留在一家商店的门口，并贴了一张纸条，将其留给需要的人。
26. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The post has been widely shared and appreciated可知，人们很欣赏Max的做法。
27. A。写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一名6岁男孩送出自己生日礼物的温暖人心的故事。
C篇
主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通
本文是说明文。分享秘密不仅仅是朋友间信任的表现，也可以加深彼此之间的感情。它也是检验友情的试金石，让你明白对方是否是你的知心朋友。
28. D。推理判断题。根据第一段中的keeping a friend’s secrets to yourself and not telling the world is what makes the bond grow strong and last forever可知，分享秘密有助于建立长久的信任。
29. B。段落大意题。根据第二段第一句There is a certain time in life especially from the teenage years when one starts having a personal periphery in life and parents are excluded from it可知，第二段主要讲述了青少年更愿意跟朋友吐露秘密，而将父母排斥在外。
30. B。词义猜测题。根据第二段划线部分的上一句That is when friends become the best secret sharers可知，我们可以向自己真正的朋友吐露心事并保守彼此的秘密。
31. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Secrets can be shared at any age可知答案。
D篇
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是说明文。文章说明了笑对健康的促进作用。
32. C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的This is the “laughter line”, part of the growing industry in laughter treatment可知，这是“笑声疗法”，因此他们的笑是出于健康原因。
33. A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times, training 8,000 people to use laughter to improve their health可知，UK Laughter Network训练人们使用大笑来改善他们的健康状况。
34. C。推理判断题。根据末段中的Since I started laughing, I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great可知，Lotte Mikkelson认为经常大笑会对她的身体状况有好处。
35. D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文说明笑对健康起到了重要的作用，用“笑是最佳良药”作标题符合文章主旨。
第二节
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是说明文。文章介绍了睡眠量减少的危害以及不同年龄段睡眠量不同的现象。
36. A。根据设空处下文中的People work longer, go to meetings at night, eat supper late, watch television, spend hours online, or go out until late可知，人们利用晚上的睡眠时间干别的事情，A项是对这一现象的总结。
37. B。根据设空处下文中的When you sleep, your body produces chemicals that help the body to rest and to stay healthy和One health problem以及Another problem可知，该段主要讲述了睡眠对身体的重要作用，故B项符合此处语境。
38. D。D项The body uses sleep to make energy for itself 中的make energy与设空处下文中的Without enough sleep, you feel tired中的feel tired表意相反，通过对比说明：睡眠会为身体注入能量，没有充足的睡眠，身体会发困。
39. E。根据设空处下文中的We don’t sleep as long or as deeply. Older people can spend a lot of time in bed. But they don’t sleep well以及上文对不同年龄睡眠量的描述可知，随着年龄的增长，睡眠能力下降，故E项符合此处语境。
40. F。F项中的serious与设空处下文中的serious sleep problems形成词汇重复，且F项总述这一段主要意思：睡眠问题可能会很严重，故F项符合此处语境。
语言知识运用
第一节
主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己从热爱读书到找不到有趣的书可读再到重新爱上读书的过程。
41. D。42. C。根据本段中的I loved to read及I could get through a whole book可知，作者小时候酷爱读书，常常“请求（ask）”父母允许自己熬夜读书，这样他才能“看完（finish）”自己想看的章节。
43. A。44. D。45. A。根据本段中的I found myself choosing between books for children ... and adult books及下一段中的This lack of choice可知，“虽然（while）”儿童书籍很多，但是当你再大一些到了少年时期，你就会发现你的选择变得“有限（limited）”了。作者就发现自己徘徊在“可笑的（silly）”、无聊的儿童书籍与自己读不懂的成人书籍之间。
46. C。47. B。48. D。根据本段中的This lack of choice ... read less and less及ones we were assigned in English class可知，选择的限制“最终（finally）”导致作者读的书越来越少。高中的时候，作者“唯一（only）”阅读的书籍是英语课上老师指定的书籍，而且作者对于老师的选择也缺乏“热情（enthusiastic）”。
49. C。50. A。根据本段中的too much discussion及maybe it was just a description可知，对象征意义和主题的过度讨论“毁掉（ruined）”了书籍本身。湛蓝的天空也许并不“代表（represent）”任何事物，它或许仅仅只是描写。
51. B。52. B。根据本段中对作者读书越来越少的描述可知，作者对文学的“兴趣（interested）”并未加深，也“不再（never）”爱读书。
53. D。根据本段中的I reluctantly chose a French literature course及I started out unhappy可知，作者认为自己不会再“享受（enjoy）”那一学年课上学到的任何作品。
54. A。55. C。根据本段中的However及the books more interesting可知，作者很快就“意识到（realised）”在大学里学生和老师对一本书的讨论变得更“有成效（fruitful）”，书本也更有趣。
56. A。根据本段中的Being able to discuss my thoughts with other people meant that及the subtle aspects of the books可知，与他人交流想法能让作者更好地“理解（understand）”书中隐晦的意思。
57. B。根据本段中的again及第一段中对作者爱读书的描述可知，作者又开始享受读书的“快乐（pleasure）”了。
58. D。根据空前的I spend a lot of my spare time in bookshops可知，作者在书店里度过了很多闲暇的时光，也在咖啡店里“读书（reading）”。
59. C。根据空前的widen your horizons可知，读书也是一种“扩大（expand）”词汇量的好方法。
60. B。根据第一段中对作者爱读书的描述可知，作者很高兴自己又“重新找回（rediscovered）”了对书籍的热爱。
第二节
61. that / which。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词storm，且在从句中作主语，故填that或which。
62. days。考查名词复数。由前面的one of those可知，应用名词复数形式，故填days。“one of +名词复数”意为“……之一”。
63. obviously。考查副词。设空处修饰wanted，表示“显然地”，故填obviously。
64. to go。考查不定式作宾语的用法。plan to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。
65. left。考查过去分词作定语的用法。jacket后跟定语，又因为leave与jacket之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且leave所表示的动作已完成，故填left。
66. remarked。考查一般过去时。设空处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时，故填remarked。
67. herself。考查反身代词的用法。设空处所在句意为：Sara去那里的理由只有一个，那就是为她自己（herself）买那件夹克。
68. Having。考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。设空处作状语，又因为Ava与have之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且have所表示的动作与decided表示的动作同时发生，故填Having。have one’s head in the clouds意为“心不在焉，想入非非”。
69. for。考查介词。do sth. for sb.意为“为某人做某事”。
70. as。考查连词。as ... as ...意为“与……一样……”。as right as rain意为“完全没事，十分正常”。
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DCBC 5-8 DADA
解析
A篇
主题语境：人与自然——自然生态
本文是议论文。文章讨论了松鼠是否应该留在城市生活的问题。
1. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Around that time, the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to “create pockets of peace and calm like the countryside,”可知，松鼠被引进费城是为了让城市生活变得更宁静。
2. C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的a leader of the Boy Scouts of America (an organization teaching boys practical skills) said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards of treating a weaker creature with sympathy可知，这名童子军领导支持喂养松鼠的行为。
3. B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的By the 1950s those working animals had been moved to the countryside和第五段中的Before long, people’s enthusiasm for squirrels wore off, and they started to see them as annoyances. By the 1970s many parks banned feeding the creatures可推断，在上世纪60年代左右，城市松鼠开始失宠。
4. C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的constructive和 a good thing等关键词，以及It’s good for the soul可判断，Benson认为松鼠应该被允许留在城市里。
B篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会服务
本文是新闻报道。在人生的岔路口，导师总是能起到至关重要的引领作用。Critical Bridge致力于为每一位遭遇困顿的学生提供指引他们灵魂的工程师，为他们答疑解惑，帮助他们笃定前行。
5. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的If it weren’t for her mentor, Rebecca Cruz is certain that she wouldn’t have gotten her bachelor’s degree可知，Rebecca Cruz受到了她的导师的帮助。
6. A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的So she designed Critical Bridge, which provides them with mentorship可知答案。
7. D。推理判断题。根据倒数第五段中的“Take the time to get to know each other,” Ms. Khoury says. “If you take the time to build trust at the beginning, it will be much easier to build a healthy relationship after that, and more beneficial.”可知，Dima Khoury认为导师与学生之间关系的建立需要彼此之间互相了解对方。
8. A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Cruz, now a San Francisco State graduate, has become a mentor too和末段中的Cruz hopes that if such a time comes, students will “make the decision to push forward as opposed to giving up.”可知，Cruz想要帮助其他学生。
单元测试题
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
City: Hangzhou
Launched (推出): 2008
Size: 2,965 stations / 69,750 bikes
Price: $32.61 deposit + time charge
While taking a look at this city, you may see the best bike sharing in the world. As the second on the planet by size, the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System is one of the most common and useful shares, largely because it’s combined with public transportation: a single card can be used in subway, bus, taxi and bike sharing. Residents (居民) and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city. Each additional hour costs only $0.15. It was also the first new-generation bike-sharing system in China. By 2020 it’s projected to have 175,000 bikes.
City: Barcelona
Launched: 2007
Size: 420 stations / 6,000 bikes
Price: $6l.93 per year
Barcelona’s Bicycling Program developed Spain’s bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and became four times bigger in one year. It inspired different copycat programs all over the country. Today, Spain has 132 bike-sharing systems. The program is one of the world’s most respected and popular shares. But it is only open to residents and tourists are not allowed to use it.
City: Paris
Launched: 2007
Size: 1,751 stations / 23,900 bikes
Price: $38.52 per year / $2.26 per day
Paris’s bike sharing is the star of the world. Launched in 2007, it is the world’s largest outside of China. Cheap by American standards, you can ride around Paris on a ?1.7 day pass — the first half hour of each trip is free. Because this system covers the city with an average of 50 stations per square mile, it’s a favorite with both locals and tourists.
21. What do we know about Barcelona’s Bicycling Program
A. It has driven the development of Spain’s bike sharing.
B. It has once been ruined by fire accidents.
C. It is popular among travelers.
D. It consists of 175,000 bikes.
22. How much should you pay to ride a shared bike in Paris
A. Nothing for an hour.
B. $6l.93 per year.
C. $2.26 per day.
D. $1.7 per day.
23. What do the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System and Paris’s bike sharing have in common
A. They are open to both locals and tourists.
B. They have the same amount of stations.
C. They were founded in the same year.
D. They require a deposit of over $30.
B
A brand new scooter (滑板车) was recently left outside a shop in Cornwall with a heartwarming note saying: “Free to a little boy or girl who is not lucky enough to have one.” The scooter belonged to Max, a generous six-year-old. The child was given a new scooter for his birthday but he already had one, so he decided that he didn’t need it.
He told his parents he wanted a family who could not afford a scooter to take his extra one and they helped him put a plan together. They spoke with the owner of a local shop in Trispen, Cornwall, who let the family leave the scooter outside. They attached a note to it saying it was free to take.
When the family returned to the shop after a short trip out, they found a thank you note sitting where the scooter once stood, and the family then knew that a happy child was racing home with a new scooter. The note read: “Thank you so much! I love my new scooter. Love Ayla.”
Max’s mum, Deborah, proudly said her six-year-old son had always been generous. The family was thrilled that someone could appreciate and treasure their spare scooter. She also added how they would love to hear from Ayla.
“He realized he couldn’t have two scooters so he said he wanted to give it to another boy or girl who didn’t have one,” Deborah said. The post has been widely shared and appreciated. Max’s kind action has warmed the hearts of many people on Facebook. “I’m very proud of him. He’s my little superstar. There are kind people out there.”
When Max was asked if he had a message for Ayla, he joyfully said: “I hope you enjoy it.”
24. What was the main reason for Max’s offering his new scooter
A. His friend Ayla badly needed one.
B. He already had one of his own.
C. His mother asked him to do so.
D. He disliked the scooter’s style.
25. How did Max give away his new scooter
A. By having it sent to Ayla.
B. By offering it as a birthday present.
C. By asking a shop owner to show it.
D. By leaving it outside a shop with a note.
26. What was the online reaction to Max’s action
A. Few people took notice of it.
B. Some people treated it lightly.
C. Many people expressed their likes.
D. The majority thought it was foolish.
27. What is the purpose of the text
A. To report a heartwarming story.
B. To describe a birthday celebration.
C. To stress the importance of education.
D. To call on people to contribute scooters.
C
It is rightly said that one can share any secret with a true friend. He may know your deepest fears and weaknesses and yet will never take advantage of you. However, keeping a friend’s secrets to youself and not telling the world is what makes the bond grow strong and last forever. You need to develop trust and mutual (互相的) understanding before you start sharing secrets with each other. With friends, secret talks never seem to end and it can get really amusing to know what has been going on in your friend’s mind.
There is a certain time in life especially from the teenage years when one starts having a personal periphery (界限) in life and parents are excluded (排斥) from it. It is because there are certain things that they can’t understand and we can’t discuss with them. That is when friends become the best secret sharers. They are the ones to whom one reveals one’s feelings and best kept secrets.
It is a general belief that only girls share secrets. But boys have their own secrets that they discuss with only closest friends. The secret talks can range (变化) from relationships, talks about fights with parents, secret activities and anything that is not supposed to be known to others! If you think secrets are limited to only teenagers, get your facts right! Secrets can be shared at any age and there is no hard and fast rule that secrets are shared only among youngsters.
Sharing secrets with a friend is not just fun, but it also helps to develop a lasting trust in one another. Sometimes, sharing secrets will tell you more about the person. You will come to know whether your friend is reliable and trustworthy and whether it is worth sharing your secrets with them. You can call it a test of friendship.
28. What is an advantage of sharing secrets with a friend
A. It helps a lot in your study.
B. It leads you to a carefree life.
C. It makes you popular with other people.
D. It contributes to a long-term mutual belief.
29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly try to show
A. Parents are always the best people to share secrets with.
B. Teenagers prefer to share secrets with their friends.
C. Parents should build trust with teenagers.
D. Teenagers grow to be independent.
30. The underlined word “reveals” in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by _____.
A. proves
B. tells
C. gets
D. holds
31. What can be learned about sharing secrets
A. It’s limited to girls.
B. It follows strict rules.
C. It can happen at any age.
D. It does harm to a strong bond.
D
It is 7 a.m. on a gray Thursday, and I am on the telephone to a group of strangers struggling with excited laughter. There must be 20 of them — men and women; young and old — laughing. These people have never met; nor do they know each other’s names. Yet for 10 minutes, five mornings a week, they simply pick up the phone and laugh.
This is the “laughter line”, part of the growing industry in laughter treatment, Britain’s latest and most unusual treatment. The simple act of laughing is increasingly being used as a method for dealing with mental (精神的) and physical disorders. Since it was founded in 2004, the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times, training 8,000 people to use laughter to improve their health.
So how does it work It reduces stress. A Maryland study found that it expands the inner lining of our blood vessels (血管) and so improves circulation. “Your immune system (免疫系统) is strengthened by up to 40 percent,” explains laughter therapist Julie Whitehead, whose work includes training those who work at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Laughter has also been shown to lower blood pressure (血压) and improve mental function.
But Lotte Mikkelson, 45, founder of the laughter line, warns that it’s important to see it as a method of treatment — not a cure (治愈). “In 2008, I was diagnosed with an incurable disease,” she explains. “My sister died at the age of 32 from it, so I know what could happen. Since I started laughing, I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great. I’d never say laughter is a cure — but it can help.”
32. Why do the strangers laugh on the phone
A. They want to make more friends.
B. They are struggling with mental illness.
C. They do so for the good of their health.
D. They are taking an optimistic attitude to life.
33. How does the UK Laughter Network help people
A. By training them to use laughter.
B. By providing them with free medicine.
C. By inspiring them to realize their dreams.
D. By involving them in effective communication.
34. What can we learn from Lotte Mikkelson’s words in the last paragraph
A. She has recovered from her illness.
B. She thinks of laughter as a cure for her disease.
C. She believes laughter is helpful for her condition.
D. She regrets not teaching her sister laughter treatment.
35. What is the best title of the text
A. How did a laughter line come into being
B. Why do people seldom laugh in life
C. Laughter makes you more popular
D. Laughter is the best medicine
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today, people are getting less sleep than they need. We need to get eight hours of sleep each night. But today, many of us are not getting enough hours of sleep. 36 People work longer, go to meetings at night, eat supper late, watch television, spend hours online, or go out until late.
37 When you sleep, your body produces chemicals that help the body to rest and to stay healthy. One health problem is weight gain (增加). When you don’t get enough sleep, you feel hungry. Your body thinks it needs more calories (卡路里); it will react in the way even when you have already eaten enough. Another problem is that if you don’t get enough sleep, your memory will not work well. You will feel worried and in a bad mood. 38 Without enough sleep, you feel tired. When you lose sleep, your body ages at a faster rate (速度). Sleeping reduces the effects of aging.
Our need to sleep changes as we get older. Newborn babies sleep from sixteen to twenty hours a day. Teenagers need about nine or ten hours of sleep. Adults need about eight hours, and the elderly need about six or seven. 39 We don’t sleep as long or as deeply. Older people can spend a lot of time in bed. But they don’t sleep well.
40 People with serious sleep problems might need to see their doctor or change their lifestyles.
A. People take time away from their sleep to do other things.
B. Getting enough sleep is important to your health.
C. They have trouble getting enough sleep at night.
D. The body uses sleep to make energy for itself.
E. As we age, we lose our ability to sleep.
F. Sleep problems can be serious.
G. Deep sleep refreshes our body.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was younger, I loved to read. I could get through a whole book in a day, and used to 41 my parents every night to let me stay up later so I could “just 42 my chapter (章节)”. I read any literature (著作) that I could get my hands on.
However, 43 there are many books for younger children, once you reach your mid-teens the choices become 44 . I found myself choosing between books for children that were 45 and boring, and adult books that I couldn’t quite understand.
This lack of choice 46 led me to read less and less. When I was in secondary school, the 47 books I read were ones we were assigned in English class, and I was never very 48 about my teacher’s choices. I thought too much discussion of symbolism (象征意义) and themes 49 the book. Maybe the sky being blue didn’t 50 anything; maybe it was just a description! Rather than making me more 51 in literature, it made me 52 want to pick up a book again.
I reluctantly (不情愿地) chose a French literature course in my first year at university. I started out unhappy, determined not to 53 any of the works we were studying over the course of the year. However, I soon 54 that at a university level, the discussion was more 55 and the books more interesting! Being able to discuss my thoughts with other people meant that I could better 56 the subtle aspects of the books — even the symbolism and themes.
I began reading again for 57 . Now, during my year abroad, I spend a lot of my spare time in bookshops and 58 in cafés, and even attend a monthly book club with some other language assistants.
Reading is a great way to widen your horizons (视野), 59 your vocabulary and use your imagination. I’m so happy that I 60 my love of books.
41. A. advise B. encourage C. force D. ask
42. A. choose B. change C. finish D. study
43. A. while B. since C. unless D. if
44. A. free B. clear C. wide D. limited
45. A. silly B. special C. rare D. small
46. A. hardly B. usually C. finally D. strangely
47. A. next B. only C. same D. last
48. A. certain B. concerned C. doubtful D. enthusiastic
49. A. reviewed B. explained C. ruined D. renewed
50. A. represent B. answer C. advertise D. affect
51. A. successful B. interested C. confident D. disappointed
52. A. nearly B. never C. even D. already
53. A. share B. learn C. touch D. enjoy
54. A. realised B. expected C. thought D. supposed
55. A. similar B. formal C. fruitful D. familiar
56. A. understand B. accept C. praise D. predict
57. A. comfort B. pleasure C. hope D. prize
58. A. chatting B. playing C. sitting D. reading
59. A. know B. measure C. expand D. show
60. A. expressed B. rediscovered C. returned D. experienced
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ava’s face looked like thunder and she hoped she could weather the storm 61. ________ was brewing (酝酿) between her and Sara. Some days, Sara was her best friend. On others, she felt like Sara was just a fair-weather friend. Today was one of those 62. ________ (day).
Yesterday Ava told Sara about a jacket she’d seen at Forever 18, which she 63. ________ (obvious) wanted to get. The jacket would go on sale. She planned 64. ________ (go) to the store the next day and buy it. There was only one jacket 65. ________ (leave) in Ava’s size. Well, Ava went to the store, and the jacket was gone! She was shocked and felt rather sad.
After school, she told another friend Jackie about what had happened. Jackie 66. ________ (remark) that she’d seen Sara at the store during lunchtime. The news hit Ava hard. Sara would only go there for one reason — to buy the jacket for 67. ________ (her)! Ava regretted telling Sara about the jacket. 68. ________ (have) her head in the clouds, Ava decided to have a talk with Sara!
When she found Sara, Sara handed her a box and said, “I know you’ve been snowed under lately, so I thought I’d do something nice 69. ________ you.” When Ava opened the box, there was the jacket! Sara wasn’t a fair-weather friend. Now everything was as right 70. ________ rain. Sara’s friendship was a ray of sunshine.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Looking back on these year, I consider the friendships I’ve made as very valuable. I’m still very closed with all of my friends from home because of the connections we have from grow up together. I regard them as my treasure but I’ve taken the value of friendship with me to college, where I have rapid made a new group of good friends. Whenever I felt down or need someone to talk, I can always look to my friends. I know that they have my back and I have their. If I need anything that I can always turn to them for help. To be honestly, I really value the friendships that I’ve made.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice发来电子邮件，提到她上周作为交换生来到中国的一所学校学习，但她一时交不到朋友，感到很苦恼。请你用英语给她回一封电子邮件，向她提一些有关如何交友的建议。
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Dear Alice,
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
____________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Squirrels aren’t natural city dwellers (居民). In 1856 the sight of one in a tree near New York’s city hall so surprised passersby that a newspaper published a report about the “unusual visitor.”
Around that time, the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to “create pockets of peace and calm like the country-side,” says University of Pennsylvania historian Etienne Benson, who studied our relationship to squirrels over the course of five years.
First they were introduced to Philadelphia, then to New Haven, Boston, and New York City. Park visitors were encouraged to feed them, and security guards ensured their safety. In the 1910s a leader of the Boy Scouts of America (an organization teaching boys practical skills) said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards (奖赏) of treating a weaker creature with sympathy (同情心), says Benson.
By the early 20th century, though, America began to regret the friendliness it had shown squirrels. Cities had once been filled with animals — from horses pulling goods to dairy cows. By the 1950s those working animals had been moved to the countryside. Pets and wild animals such as birds and squirrels were all that remained of the urban animal kingdom.
Before long, people’s enthusiasm for squirrels wore off, and they started to see them as annoyances (讨厌的东西). By the 1970s many parks banned feeding the creatures. Today, it is rare to find kids with their parents offering food to squirrels under a tree. And, unfortunately, with more and more buildings being constructed in the city, fewer inhabitable areas are left for the little tree-dwelling animals.
What would be lost if the last of these city dwellers were forced to leave “I think there’s something constructive to having other living creatures in the city that are not humans and not pets but share the land with us,” says Benson. “It’s a good thing to live in a landscape where you see other creatures going around making lunch. It’s good for the soul (灵魂).”
1. Why were squirrels introduced to Philadelphia
A. To entertain park visitors.
B. To keep the natural balance.
C. To encourage kids to protect animals.
D. To make the urban life more peaceful.
2. What was the Boy Scouts leader’s attitude towards feeding squirrels
A. Disagreeable.
B. Doubtful.
C. Supportive.
D. Uncaring.
3. What might have happened to squirrels in cities around the 1960s
A. They might have inhabited more homes.
B. They might have begun to go out of favor.
C. They might have been introduced to more cities.
D. They might have been moved to the countryside.
4. What does Benson suggest in the last paragraph
A. Squirrels living in cities are annoying.
B. Feeding squirrels should be discouraged.
C. Squirrels should be allowed to live in cities.
D. It is possible for people to keep squirrels as pets.
B
If it weren’t for her mentor (导师), Rebecca Cruz is certain that she wouldn’t have gotten her bachelor’s degree.
Ms. Cruz went through a troubling time during her second year in community college. She didn’t feel much support at home. Struggling on the edge of stopping her education, Cruz turned to her mentor, Alex Lopez. “He put me in the right direction,” Cruz recalls.
Gisela Bushey is another woman who understands the importance of mentors, and she hopes to find an Alex for every Rebecca. So she designed Critical Bridge, which provides them with mentorship.
And in October, Critical Bridge was named a recipient of the $50,000 Encore Prize, which is awarded by Encore.org, a partner organization that aims to use the talents of those age 50 or older.
As part of the prize, Encore.org will provide mentors for Critical Bridge. The mentors will work with youths throughout their participation in the two programs connected to Critical Bridge.
More than 10,000 people in the United States are retiring every day, according to Phyllis Moen, a sociology professor. Many of these Americans have expressed a desire (渴望) to give back to their communities.
“They want to do something meaningful. And there’s nothing more meaningful than mentoring across generations,” Professor Moen says.
Dima Khoury has mentored young people throughout her career. She sees mentorship as a personal relationship.
“Take the time to get to know each other,” Ms. Khoury says. “If you take the time to build trust at the beginning, it will be much easier to build a healthy relationship after that, and more beneficial (有益的).” Speaking from experience, she says mentors might not always have the answers, but being a listener is just as important.
“I think what helps is sometimes asking the right questions and letting them think about it,” she says. “It benefits critical thinking.”
Cruz, now a San Francisco State graduate, has become a mentor too.
“Sometimes we are in a condition where we don’t have people to go to; you might not make it out from that same cycle without the help of any human guide,” she says.
But by providing mentorship and resources, Cruz hopes that if such a time comes, students will “make the decision to push forward as opposed to giving up.”
5. What can be known about Rebecca Cruz
A. She was strongly supported by her family.
B. She failed to get her bachelor’s degree.
C. She gave up her college education.
D. She was helped by her mentor.
6. What do we know about Critical Bridge
A. It offers students mentorship.
B. It gives mentors prizes yearly.
C. It was founded by Alex Lopez.
D. It is a talent search organization.
7. What does Dima Khoury think of mentorship
A. It requires rich experience.
B. It takes a long time to build.
C. It is the best job chance for retired people.
D. It involves a good understanding between people.
8. What is Rebecca Cruz’s future wish
A. To provide students with support.
B. To guide students through their study.
C. To build a healthy relationship with others.
D. To get advanced training in mentorship skills.
参考答案
21-25 ACABD 26-30 CADBB
31-35 CCACD 36-40 ABDEF
41-45 DCADA 46-50 CBDCA
51-55 BBDAC 56-60 ABDCB
61. that / which 62. days
63. obviously 64. to go
65. left 66. remarked
67. herself 68. Having
69. for 70. as
短文改错
71. ... on these year ... year → years
72. ... very closed with ... closed → close
73. ... from grow up ... grow → growing
74. ... but I’ve taken ... but → and
75. ... have rapid made ... rapid → rapidly
76. ... I felt down ... felt → feel
77. ... someone to talk ... talk后加to / with
78. ... I have their. their → theirs
79. ... need anything that ... 去掉that
80. To be honestly ... honestly → honest
One possible version:
Dear Alice,
I’m glad to receive your letter, but I’m sorry to hear you’re having difficulty in making new friends in your new school. It’s my pleasure to offer you some advice.
First, believe in yourself, smile and be friendly, because smiling is an open invitation to others. Second, it’s important to take an active part in class activities. You can look for people with the same interests as you, who you are likely to get along with. Last, it’s a good idea to help others when necessary. If you’re always ready to help others, they’ll understand you better.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you. May you be happy in your new school.
Yours,
Li Hua
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会服务
本文是应用文。文章介绍了杭州、巴塞罗那、巴黎三个城市的自行车共享系统。
21. A。推理判断题。根据第二部分中的Barcelona’s Bicycling Program developed Spain’s bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and became four times bigger in one year可知，巴塞罗那自行车项目促进了西班牙共享单车的发展。
22. C。细节理解题。根据第三部分中的Price: $38.52 per year / $2.26 per day可知答案。
23. A。细节理解题。根据第一部分中的Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $33) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city和第三部分中的it’s a favorite with both locals and tourists可知，两者的共同点是当地居民和游客均可使用。
B篇
主题语境：人与自我——做人
本文是记叙文。6岁男童Max得到一辆崭新的滑板车作为生日礼物，由于自己已有一辆，于是决定将这件礼物送给买不起滑板车的孩童。他的行为在网络上得到大家的赞许。
24. B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的The child was given a new scooter for his birthday but he already had one, so he decided that he didn’t need it可知答案。
25. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的They spoke with the owner of a local shop in Trispen, Cornwall, who let the family leave the scooter outside. They attached a note to it saying it was free to take可知，他将滑板车留在一家商店的门口，并贴了一张纸条，将其留给需要的人。
26. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The post has been widely shared and appreciated可知，人们很欣赏Max的做法。
27. A。写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一名6岁男孩送出自己生日礼物的温暖人心的故事。
C篇
主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通
本文是说明文。分享秘密不仅仅是朋友间信任的表现，也可以加深彼此之间的感情。它也是检验友情的试金石，让你明白对方是否是你的知心朋友。
28. D。推理判断题。根据第一段中的keeping a friend’s secrets to yourself and not telling the world is what makes the bond grow strong and last forever可知，分享秘密有助于建立长久的信任。
29. B。段落大意题。根据第二段第一句There is a certain time in life especially from the teenage years when one starts having a personal periphery in life and parents are excluded from it可知，第二段主要讲述了青少年更愿意跟朋友吐露秘密，而将父母排斥在外。
30. B。词义猜测题。根据第二段划线部分的上一句That is when friends become the best secret sharers可知，我们可以向自己真正的朋友吐露心事并保守彼此的秘密。
31. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Secrets can be shared at any age可知答案。
D篇
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是说明文。文章说明了笑对健康的促进作用。
32. C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的This is the “laughter line”, part of the growing industry in laughter treatment可知，这是“笑声疗法”，因此他们的笑是出于健康原因。
33. A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的the UK Laughter Network has increased ten times, training 8,000 people to use laughter to improve their health可知，UK Laughter Network训练人们使用大笑来改善他们的健康状况。
34. C。推理判断题。根据末段中的Since I started laughing, I haven’t had any worsening and my health is great可知，Lotte Mikkelson认为经常大笑会对她的身体状况有好处。
35. D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文说明笑对健康起到了重要的作用，用“笑是最佳良药”作标题符合文章主旨。
第二节
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是说明文。文章介绍了睡眠量减少的危害以及不同年龄段睡眠量不同的现象。
36. A。根据设空处下文中的People work longer, go to meetings at night, eat supper late, watch television, spend hours online, or go out until late可知，人们利用晚上的睡眠时间干别的事情，A项是对这一现象的总结。
37. B。根据设空处下文中的When you sleep, your body produces chemicals that help the body to rest and to stay healthy和One health problem以及Another problem可知，该段主要讲述了睡眠对身体的重要作用，故B项符合此处语境。
38. D。D项The body uses sleep to make energy for itself 中的make energy与设空处下文中的Without enough sleep, you feel tired中的feel tired表意相反，通过对比说明：睡眠会为身体注入能量，没有充足的睡眠，身体会发困。
39. E。根据设空处下文中的We don’t sleep as long or as deeply. Older people can spend a lot of time in bed. But they don’t sleep well以及上文对不同年龄睡眠量的描述可知，随着年龄的增长，睡眠能力下降，故E项符合此处语境。
40. F。F项中的serious与设空处下文中的serious sleep problems形成词汇重复，且F项总述这一段主要意思：睡眠问题可能会很严重，故F项符合此处语境。
语言知识运用
第一节
主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己从热爱读书到找不到有趣的书可读再到重新爱上读书的过程。
41. D。42. C。根据本段中的I loved to read及I could get through a whole book可知，作者小时候酷爱读书，常常“请求（ask）”父母允许自己熬夜读书，这样他才能“看完（finish）”自己想看的章节。
43. A。44. D。45. A。根据本段中的I found myself choosing between books for children ... and adult books及下一段中的This lack of choice可知，“虽然（while）”儿童书籍很多，但是当你再大一些到了少年时期，你就会发现你的选择变得“有限（limited）”了。作者就发现自己徘徊在“可笑的（silly）”、无聊的儿童书籍与自己读不懂的成人书籍之间。
46. C。47. B。48. D。根据本段中的This lack of choice ... read less and less及ones we were assigned in English class可知，选择的限制“最终（finally）”导致作者读的书越来越少。高中的时候，作者“唯一（only）”阅读的书籍是英语课上老师指定的书籍，而且作者对于老师的选择也缺乏“热情（enthusiastic）”。
49. C。50. A。根据本段中的too much discussion及maybe it was just a description可知，对象征意义和主题的过度讨论“毁掉（ruined）”了书籍本身。湛蓝的天空也许并不“代表（represent）”任何事物，它或许仅仅只是描写。
51. B。52. B。根据本段中对作者读书越来越少的描述可知，作者对文学的“兴趣（interested）”并未加深，也“不再（never）”爱读书。
53. D。根据本段中的I reluctantly chose a French literature course及I started out unhappy可知，作者认为自己不会再“享受（enjoy）”那一学年课上学到的任何作品。
54. A。55. C。根据本段中的However及the books more interesting可知，作者很快就“意识到（realised）”在大学里学生和老师对一本书的讨论变得更“有成效（fruitful）”，书本也更有趣。
56. A。根据本段中的Being able to discuss my thoughts with other people meant that及the subtle aspects of the books可知，与他人交流想法能让作者更好地“理解（understand）”书中隐晦的意思。
57. B。根据本段中的again及第一段中对作者爱读书的描述可知，作者又开始享受读书的“快乐（pleasure）”了。
58. D。根据空前的I spend a lot of my spare time in bookshops可知，作者在书店里度过了很多闲暇的时光，也在咖啡店里“读书（reading）”。
59. C。根据空前的widen your horizons可知，读书也是一种“扩大（expand）”词汇量的好方法。
60. B。根据第一段中对作者爱读书的描述可知，作者很高兴自己又“重新找回（rediscovered）”了对书籍的热爱。
第二节
61. that / which。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词storm，且在从句中作主语，故填that或which。
62. days。考查名词复数。由前面的one of those可知，应用名词复数形式，故填days。“one of +名词复数”意为“……之一”。
63. obviously。考查副词。设空处修饰wanted，表示“显然地”，故填obviously。
64. to go。考查不定式作宾语的用法。plan to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。
65. left。考查过去分词作定语的用法。jacket后跟定语，又因为leave与jacket之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且leave所表示的动作已完成，故填left。
66. remarked。考查一般过去时。设空处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时，故填remarked。
67. herself。考查反身代词的用法。设空处所在句意为：Sara去那里的理由只有一个，那就是为她自己（herself）买那件夹克。
68. Having。考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。设空处作状语，又因为Ava与have之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且have所表示的动作与decided表示的动作同时发生，故填Having。have one’s head in the clouds意为“心不在焉，想入非非”。
69. for。考查介词。do sth. for sb.意为“为某人做某事”。
70. as。考查连词。as ... as ...意为“与……一样……”。as right as rain意为“完全没事，十分正常”。
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DCBC 5-8 DADA
解析
A篇
主题语境：人与自然——自然生态
本文是议论文。文章讨论了松鼠是否应该留在城市生活的问题。
1. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Around that time, the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to “create pockets of peace and calm like the countryside,”可知，松鼠被引进费城是为了让城市生活变得更宁静。
2. C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的a leader of the Boy Scouts of America (an organization teaching boys practical skills) said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards of treating a weaker creature with sympathy可知，这名童子军领导支持喂养松鼠的行为。
3. B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的By the 1950s those working animals had been moved to the countryside和第五段中的Before long, people’s enthusiasm for squirrels wore off, and they started to see them as annoyances. By the 1970s many parks banned feeding the creatures可推断，在上世纪60年代左右，城市松鼠开始失宠。
4. C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的constructive和 a good thing等关键词，以及It’s good for the soul可判断，Benson认为松鼠应该被允许留在城市里。
B篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会服务
本文是新闻报道。在人生的岔路口，导师总是能起到至关重要的引领作用。Critical Bridge致力于为每一位遭遇困顿的学生提供指引他们灵魂的工程师，为他们答疑解惑，帮助他们笃定前行。
5. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的If it weren’t for her mentor, Rebecca Cruz is certain that she wouldn’t have gotten her bachelor’s degree可知，Rebecca Cruz受到了她的导师的帮助。
6. A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的So she designed Critical Bridge, which provides them with mentorship可知答案。
7. D。推理判断题。根据倒数第五段中的“Take the time to get to know each other,” Ms. Khoury says. “If you take the time to build trust at the beginning, it will be much easier to build a healthy relationship after that, and more beneficial.”可知，Dima Khoury认为导师与学生之间关系的建立需要彼此之间互相了解对方。
8. A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Cruz, now a San Francisco State graduate, has become a mentor too和末段中的Cruz hopes that if such a time comes, students will “make the decision to push forward as opposed to giving up.”可知，Cruz想要帮助其他学生。