2022年中考英语形容词副词级别讲义

形容词与副词的比较级：大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1)、规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall(高的) great(巨大的) taller greater tallest greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) large(大的) able（有能力的） nicer larger abler nicest largest ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big(大的) hot热的) bigger hotter biggest hottest
"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est， easy(容易的) busy(忙的) easier busier easiest busiest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 important(重要的) easily(容易地) more important ; more easily most important ; most easily
2)、不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best
bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst
old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many(多的) more most
little(少的) less least
far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest
写出下列词的比较级和最高级
thin ____ ______ easy _____ ______ early ______ ______ new ______ ______
hot ______ ______ clever ______ _______ little _____ ______ late _____ ______
narrow______ ______ fat ________ ________ many ______ _____ big _____ ______
dangerous________________ ________________
wonderful _______________ ________________
careful __________________ ________________
slowly ___________________ _______________
popular __________________ ________________
形容词比较级和最高级形形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
一、原级的用法
句中出现了人或物，没有比较对象时，要用原级。
如： We moved to a new fiat last week ．
上周我们搬进了一座新房。
as+形容词原级 +as, “和...... 一样” ；not so／ as+形容词原级 +as, “不及 ,, ； 不 如 ,, ， 比不上,, ”。
如： Physics is as difficult as Maths ．物理和数学一样难。
His eyes are not as／ so big as ml ’ ne．他的眼睛没有我的大。
二、比较级和最高级的用法
当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示“较……” ，“更……一些”，
“比……更……” 。如：
My cousin is taller than I am ．我的表哥比我高。
当被比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示“最……”，最高级前通常要加定冠词the。如：．
This is the most interesting story in the book ．
这是这本书里最有趣的故事。
三、形容词比较级常见于以下句式
1．通常情况下，用“比较级+than”来引出比较的第二部分。
如： A computer is more expensive than a TV set ．
电脑比电视机贵。
2. 用 “ Which ／ Who,+比较级，, or,..... ”的句型来表示在两者中选择。
如： Who is taller，Tom or Jim 汤姆和吉姆，谁更高
3. 在比较级前加上 a little 、a bit, much、a lot,far, even（更）、still（更）等词来表示程度。如：
China is much larger than Japan．中国比日本大得多。
4．用“比较级 +and+比较级”的结构来表示人或物本身程度的改变。“越来越……”如： Our country is becoming stronger and stronger．
我们的祖国正变得越来越强大。
5．用“ the+比较级 (+主+谓)， the+比较级 (+主+谓)”来表示“越,,.... 越 ,, ..... ” 。如：
The busier I am ， the happier I feel． 我越忙就越高兴。
用“比较级+than any other+ 单数名词”的结构来表示“比任何其他的,,...都,,. .”。
如： This camera is more expensive than any other camera in the shop．
在这家店里，这个相机比其他任何一个都贵。
7．用“ the+比较级 +of the two ”的结构来表示“两者中较 ,, 的那个”。如：
She is the taller of the two ．她是两个人中较高的那个。
四、形容词最高级常见于以下句式
1．用“形容词性物主代词 +最高级”的结构来表示某人或某物的“最...... ”。
如： Peter is his oldest son．‘彼得是他的长子。
注意：此时形容词的最高级前不需要定冠词the。
2.用“ the+最高级 +比较范围”的结构来表示在某一范围内“最......”，当句子的主语与介词后的部分属于同一概念或类别时， 常用介词of 或among,而当主语属于介词后的某一范围、场所时，常用 in。如：
The World Cup is the most exciting game of all．
世界杯是所有比赛中最令人激动的比赛。
Jay Chou is the most popular singer in Taiwan．
周杰伦是台湾最受欢迎的歌手。
3.用“ one of the+ 最高级 +名词复数”的结构来表示“最.......之一”。
如：Miss Gao is one of the best ： teachers in our school． 高老师是我们学校最好的老师之一。
4.用“ the+序数词 +最高级 +名词单数 +in+ 范围”的结构来表示“第......最......” 。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in our country ．黄河是我国第二长河。
5.用“ Which ／ Who is the+ 最高级， A ，B or C ”的结构来表示“三者或三者以上之中，哪个或谁是最...... ”。如：
Which is the biggest，the moon ，the earth or the sun 月亮，地球和太阳中，哪个最大
基础题：
I．Choose the best answer.
Peter is over fifty, and he can't run as _____ as he used to.
(A) fast B) faster C) fastest D) the fastest
2. Elsie is a good dancer, and now she is dancing ______with her friends in the room.
A) friendly B) hardly C) beautifully D) lovely
3.The documentary, Under the Dome《弩顶之下》, shows how the air is polluted.
A) seriously B) serious C) more seriously D) more serious
4.-1 don't think chemistry is as ________ as physics.
- I'm afraid I don't think so.
A) useful B) more useful C) most useful D) the most useful
5. The music in the supermarket sounded so ________ that I wanted to leave at once.
A. clearly B. loudly C. sadly D. noisy
6. Most children feel _______ when they work in groups than on their own.
A. most confident B. more confident
C. more confidently D. most confidently
7. The cake you made tastes so ________. Would you please tell me how you made it
A) nicer B) very nice C) nice D) nicely
8.The IPHONE 6 + costs too much. I would like to buy a _______one.
A cheap B cheaper C cheapest D the cheapest
9.The secretary says all the e-mails should be ________checked before they are send to others.
A care B careful C careless D carefully
10.Those dishes made of fresh organic vegetables taste very _____.
A) nicely B) well C) delicious D) awful
11.Nowadays square dance has become one of ____ exercises for the Chinese grandmas.
A) popular B) more popular C) most popular D) the most popular
12.The music in Voice of China sounds very ________. I enjoy it very much.
A) well B) beautiful C) wonderfully D) boring
13. My brother can work out problems ________than any other student in his class.
A) quickly B) quick C) more quickly D) quicker
14.With the yellow wall papers, kitty bedroom is a little _________ than Cindy.
A. bright B. brighter C. brightest D. the brightest
15.On snow days, a driver must drive as_________ as possible.
A careless B careful C carelessly D carefully
16. Nowadays even the flats in small towns are much ________ than they used to be.
A. expensive B. more expensive
C. most expensive D. the most expensive
17. In the talent show, I performed well and Ann did even __________.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
18.The little girl tried to speak as ________ as the lady in the popular TV show.
A) gently B) more gently C) most gently D) the most gently