【课后练习】Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Period 2（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4　Breaking boundaries
Period 2
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．It is necessary (use) a short wave radio to pick up the programmes.
2．When asked for his views about the initiative, Philip said he found it very interesting and (reward).
3．There are many children from (minor) groups in that school.
4．The sky and the sea here made a (harmony) picture.
5．I feel it is a waste of time (discuss) the thing with him.
6．(福建卷)Official fight starters get things going by (cast) tomatoes at the crowd.
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式)
1． is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity.
2．It is kind you to help us handle this tough problem in your spare time.
3．I find it is of great importance us to learn English well.
4．The school rewarded him a prize for excellence in his studies.
5．(2019·天津卷) “He won't brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn't matter he's doing or where he is; he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day.
6．It is suggested that we (get) everything ready by tonight.
7．When children grow up, their ideas will be out of harmony their parents'.
8．In general，boys are very much the minority at the dancing class.
维度三　完成句子/句型转换
1．这个地区曾有个小镇，在那里所有的生命似乎都能与周围的环境和谐共处。
There was once a town in this district where all life seemed ．
2．I happened to have no money with me.
→ .
3．You are kind to send me a nice present.
→ .
4．A completely new situation is likely to arise when the school leaving age is raised to 16.
→ .
5．Body language is said to account for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
→ .
维度四　书法与写作
请临摹之后再利用课余时间背诵。
提醒：①每个字母圆润饱满，压线书写；②宜用0.5或0.7 mm中性笔。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At the age of seven, while his friends were spending their pocket money on unimportant things like candy and toys, Jose was busy saving money for more necessary things. To try to get his peers to do the same, the youngster from Peru came up with the new idea of an eco bank, which allows kids of all ages to become economically independent and financially intelligent—while also helping the environment.
Founded in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids. Possible members have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal. Once accepted, all_bank_partners are required to bank at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis. The waste is sold to local recycling companies. The funds received are placed in the individual's account where they collect until his/her savings goal is reached. The account holder can then take out his/her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger goal.
The youngster's determination paid off, and by 2013, the Bartselana Student Bank had over 200 members. Things have only improved since. Today, the eco bank is proud of ten educational centers. They are designed to teach over 3，000 teenagers to become economically independent, invest(投资) wisely, and help the environment. Now the Bartselana Student Bank began accepting applications from kids all across Peru. Not surprisingly, Jose's efforts have earned the youngster several national and international awards, which won him about $ 5，500.
“Jose's eco bank is a brilliant way of linking economy and climate effect, both in thought and practice. The system clearly shows that the planet's common resources are limited and that we must recycle the products we no longer use，” a judge said. “It creates viewpoint of consumption(消费). This way caring about the environment becomes an investment, a system that gives children both economic independence and power to influence the climate. The potential impact is amazing.”
1．In which aspect does Jose stand out from other kids
A．He did better at studies.
B．He didn't like candy and toys.
C．He managed his pocket money more wisely.
D．He came from a wealthy family background.
2．What does the underlined phrase“all bank partners” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Local recycling companies.
B．The kids bringing in recyclables.
C．The bank staff working in the bank.
D．The customers saving money.
3．What does the author mainly want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 3
A.Jose's pioneering efforts were richly rewarded.
B．Jose helped 3，000 teenagers pay off their debts.
C．Jose contributed to the environmental protection.
D．Jose's idea helped him win a prize worth $5，500.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Kids in Peru Are Changing Their Consumption Habits
B．Peru Kids Learned to Become Economically Independent
C．Jose's Idea is Raising Viewpoints of Environmental Protection
D．A Peru Eco Bank Teaches Kids About Finance and Recycling
B
French poet Victor Hugo (1802－1885) once said, “To learn to read is to light a fire; every syllable that is spelt out is a spark.”
Today, when we read books, road signs and posters, it's probably hard to imagine that only half a century ago, about 40 percent of the world's adults were still illiterate, according to data from UNESCO. This means that two out of every five adults could neither read nor write in the 1960s. In other words, the “sparks” that now light up our world failed to do the same for theirs.
In response to this situation, UNESCO decided to name Sept. 8 as International Literacy (读写能力) Day, starting from 1967. Every year, the day is celebrated to stress the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made, which itself is huge—in 2020, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while the youth literacy rate was as high as 91 percent, according to UNESCO.
This raises a question: If the mission to promote literacy has basically been accomplished, why do we still celebrate this day
The truth is that the definition of “literacy” keeps changing. For example, the theme for 2007 and 2008 International Literacy Day was “Literacy and health”， which targeted people's ignorance of diseases like HIV and malaria (疟疾). For 2017, the emphasis was placed on “Literacy in a digital world”， because not knowing anything about the Internet in today's world is just like lacking basic reading abilities in the 1960s—it's the “new illiteracy”．
The focus for this year's International Literacy Day is “Literacy and skills development”. But the skills in question are not job specific skills, such as those required to be an electrician or a chef. Instead, the focus will be on “transferable skills”—communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, and creativity, to name a few. These are the things that allow us to do our job well—any job.
5．Why did UNESCO set up International Literacy Day originally
A．To encourage the young people to read more.
B．To help people read books, road signs and posters.
C．To increase literacy rate from 40 percent to 86 percent.
D．To improve people's literacy by stressing its importance.
6．How does the author show the progress in literacy
A．By using figures. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questions. D．By comparing the details.
7．What will be focused on for this year's International Literacy Day
A．Job specific skills. B．Skills of a chef.
C．Thinking critically. D．Making electricians.
8．What is the best title for the text
A．Achievements in Literacy
B．International Literacy Day
C．The Development of UNESCO
D．The Reasons to Promote Literacy
Ⅱ.七选五
What is it about homework that wears families out Even new grade schoolers, who love doing it at first, often lose their enthusiasm and start delaying. And after a long day, you just want your kid to settle down so you can get dinner on the table or start the bedtime routine. 1.________
Do It as Early as Possible: Best for Everyone
On days when there are no afternoon activities, give your child a time frame—say, between 3 p．m. and 5 p．m.—to get down to business. This gives her some control over her schedule, some kids need a longer break after school, and others need to start right away to keep the motivate going. 2.________ This way, the homework can get done before your kid's too tired.
3．________
From kindergarten on, kids need a list of three or four classmates they can call on when they forget an assignment. The study friends can read your child the spelling words over the phone, or his mom can take a picture of the worksheet and text it to you.
Build Confidence: Best for the Scared
When kids don't get something right away, they may feel like they're not smart enough and start to shut down. You can sit down and figure out the first problem together. That only can help her remember how to do the rest. 4.________ Another strategy: Have your child show you similar problems he worked on in class. That may jog his memory so he can retrace the steps. 5.________
A．Make a Call List: Convenient for Making Friends
B．Create a Call List: Best for Forgetters
C．Plus, it helps you see what he's already learned.
D．The only rule is that 5 o'clock is the latest time to start.
E．Then continue to praise：“You did a great job on that one! Try the next one now.”
F．Here are some successful strategies to help your kids manage their homework load.
G．After scanning it for a minute, say “Aha! Look how well you wrote your letters in this part！”
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Ocean Cleanup has been trying out a system for 1.____________ (remove) plastic from the sea. After running into several 2.____________ (problem), the group has got the system up and working.
The Ocean Cleanup system is 3.____________ floating barrier. It uses a giant screen that hangs below the water's surface. The screen traps pieces of plastic as they float by.Sea lives can swim safely underneath. The barrier didn't work well when it was drawn out to sea last year.It floated at the same speed 4.____________ the plastic it was meant to catch. Since then, an underwater parachute (降落伞) 5.____________ (add). This slows down the barrier so it can catch the faster moving plastics. Other fixes were made to prevent plastic from flowing over the top of the barrier.
The system is being used in an area of the Pacific Ocean 6.____________ (know) as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch now. Some 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic have collected there. The pollution 7.____________ (harm) sea lives and also gets into the food chain. 8.____________ is reported that half of the trash will have been cleaned up by 2025.
The next challenge is to make the barrier bigger and stronger, so it can gather plastic for a year, after 9.____________ a ship will carry the trash away. It is 10.____________ (actual) not easy.
参考答案与解析
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1.to_use
2.rewarding
3.minority
4.harmonious
5.discussing
6.casting
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式)
1.It
2.of
3.for
4.with
5.what
6.(should)_get
7.with
8.in
维度三　完成句子/句型转换
1.to_live_in_harmony_with_its_surroundings
2.It_happened_that_I_had_no_money_with_me
3.It_is_kind_of_you_to_send_me_a_nice_present
4.It_is_likely_that_a_completely_new_situation_will_arise_when_the_school_leaving_age_is_raised_to_16
5.It_is_said_that_body_language_accounts_for_55_per_cent_of_a_first_impression_while_what_you_say_just_7_per_cent
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了约瑟创立了一家秘鲁生态银行，向孩子们教授金融和循环利用的故事。
1.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At the age of seven, while his friends were spending their pocket money on unimportant things like candy and toys, Jose was busy saving money for more necessary things.”可知，约瑟比其他孩子突出的点在于可以更明智的管理零花钱。故选C。
2.B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Founded in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids.”及“Once accepted, all bank partners are required to bank at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis.”可知，“all bank partners”指的是带来可回收垃圾的儿童。故选B。
3.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The youngster's determination paid off, and by 2013, the Bartselana Student Bank had over 200 members.”和“Not surprisingly, Jose's efforts have earned the youngster several national and international awards, which won him about $ 5，500.”可知，第三段主要通过事例讲述了约瑟的努力所得到的回报。故选A。
4.D　解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Founded in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids.”及最后一段中的“This way caring about the environment becomes an investment, a system that gives children both economic independence and power to influence the climate.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了秘鲁的一家生态银行向孩子们教授金融和循环利用的故事。故选D。
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织为扫除文盲设立的国际扫盲日，以及取得的成绩，并讨论了国际扫盲日继续存在的巨大意义。
5.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In response to this situation...the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made”可知，联合国教科文组织在1967年设立国际扫盲日是为了强调识字能力的重要性来提升人们的识字能力。故选D。
6.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Every year, the day is celebrated to stress the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made...91 percent, according to UNESCO.”可知，作者通过使用数字向我们展示人们读写能力的进步。故选A。
7.C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Instead, the focus will be on ‘transferable skills’—communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, and creativity, to name a few.”可知，批判性思考将是今年国际扫盲日的重点关注方面。故选C。
8.B　解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段中的“UNESCO decided to name Sept. 8...that has been made”并结合全文理解可知，文章讨论了联合国教科文组织为扫除文盲设立的国际扫盲日，以及取得的成绩，并讨论了国际扫盲日继续存在的巨大意义。因此B项International Literacy Day (国际扫盲日)具有高度概括性，适合作本文标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。父母在陪孩子完成作业的过程中经常筋疲力尽。文章提供了一些策略，帮助父母应对孩子写作业过程中各种问题。
1．F　解析：根据下文的小标题“Do It as Early as Possible: Best for Everyone”、“Build Confidence: Best for the Scared”和具体内容可知，下文是作者提出的各种建议，由此可知，该空总领下文，F选项(这儿有些帮助你的孩子解决作业负担的成功的策略)符合语境。故选F。
2．D　解析：上文“On days when there are no afternoon activities, give your child a time frame—say, between 3 p．m. and 5 p．m.—to get down to business.”建议家长规定好孩子开始写作业的时间。该空应对应上文提到给孩子规定开始写作业的时间。D选项( 5 点是开始写作业的最晚时间)符合语境。故选D。
3．B　解析：设空出为本段小标题。根据该段“From kindergarten on...text it to you.”可知，该段介绍的是孩子容易忘了作业，父母可以打电话问他的同学等方法。故B选项(创建一个电话列表：最适合遗忘者)符合语境，可以作为小标题。故选B。
4．E　解析：根据空前“When kids don't get something right away...help her remember how to do the rest.”可知，当孩子们不能马上明白某样东西时，他们会感觉自己不够聪明，然后开始停止学习。家长可以坐下来和孩子一起解决第一个问题。那可以帮助她记得如何解决剩下的。此处承接上文，继续陈述这种方法；再结合小标题“Build confidence：Best for the Scared”可知，E选项(继续表扬孩子：“你这道题做得很棒，继续下一个”。)符合语境。故选E。
5．C　解析：根据空前“Another strategy: Have your child show you similar problems he worked on in class. That may jog his memory so he can retrace the steps.”可知，建议家长让孩子做一遍在课堂上做过的题目，这样他就能想起做题的步骤来了。该空承接上文，可以继续介绍这么做的好处。结合选项，C选项(而且你还能知道他在学校学了些什么)符合语境。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种清理河流塑料垃圾的装置。
1．removing　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Ocean Cleanup正在尝试一个将塑料从海里除去的系统。介词for后用动词 ing形式作宾语。故填removing。
2．problems　解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：在碰到几个问题后，小组已经启动了这个系统。several意为“几个”，其后应用可数名词复数。故填problems。
3．a　解析：考查冠词。句意：Ocean Cleanup系统是一个漂浮的屏障。barrier在文中首次出现，所以是泛指，且是可数名词。故填a。
4．as　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：它和要捕捉的塑料的速度相同。the same as...意为“和……相同”，为固定搭配。故填as。
5．has been added　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：从那时起，一个水下降落伞就被加上了。根据Since then可知，句子用现在完成时，动词add和主语parachute构成被动关系。故填has been added。
6．known　解析：考查过去分词。句意：这个系统正在被用在太平洋一片被叫作大太平洋垃圾袋的区域里。know与逻辑主语area构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
7．harms　解析：考查谓语动词。句意：污染对海洋生物有害，也会进入食物链。动词harm意为“对……有害”，与主语pollution构成主动关系，根据gets可知，时态为一般现在时，且主语为单数，所以谓语动词用单数。故填harms。
8．It　解析：考查it作形式主语。句意：据报道到2025年一半的垃圾将会被清理干净。that引导的从句是整个句子的主语，所以用it作形式主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
9．which　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：下一个挑战是把屏障做得更大更强，这样它收集垃圾的时间可以持续一年，在这之后一艘船会把垃圾带走。在非限制性定语从句中，代指前面一整句话且定语从句中缺少主语时，关系代词用which。故填which。
10．actually　解析：考查副词。句意：这真的不容易。修饰形容词easy应用副词。故填actually。
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