中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Helping those in need 教学设计
课题 Period 3 Grammar 单元 Unit 1 学科 英语 年级 八年级下
教材分析 Grammar板块主要介绍动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语这三种常见的用法
学习目标与核心素养 语言知识 掌握动词不定式的结构。掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。掌握不带to的动词不定式的用法。
语言技能 能够在具体语境中正确使用动词不定式。
情感态度 主动探究，善于发现语言的规律并能运用规律举一反三。
重点 掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。
难点 区别带to的动词不定式和不带to的动词不定式的用法。
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 Warm upShow sentences with infinitives and let students read them and find out some general rules about it Read the sentences with infinitives and find some rules To arouse the interest and lead them to get into the grammar
新课讲授 While-learningFind out more verbs with infinitives and check the answers of Part ASum up the rules about the usage of the structures :verb +object +infinitive Check the answer of Part BGive more sentences with infinitives which express purpose.Practice makes perfect.Present the task, and limit the time for students to finish the exercise.SummaryShow a ppt to guide the students to give sum up of the class Read some sentences with choose , hope , offer, want, decide and so on . then finish the exercise in Part ARead the sentences in part b and find out more verbs with objects and infinitives . Then finish the exercises in Part BFind out more sentences with infinitives Finish the exercise and check the answers.Be the judge and correct the mistakes.Go over the rules of the infinitives and take note To let students take part in the class actively and know the rules of the usage of infinitives Know more about the usage the sentence structure: verb+ object +infinitiveLearn about the usage of infinitive which can express the purposeHave the students to summarize the rules by themselves.To consolidate what they have learned in this class.
课堂小结 Give more exercises to consolidate the forms and usage of infinitives. Go over the different usages of Infinitives. To make students have a good habit of taking notes and have a general understanding of this class
板书 Unit 1 Grammar动词不定式的用法①构成：to do sth (do 代表动词原形)否定形式是not to do sth②动词不定式常在以下动词（短语）的后面作宾语：choose hope offer want decide learn plan wish③“疑问词+动词不定式”也可以作宾语④动词不定式常在以下动词（短语）的宾语后面作宾语补足语： advise encourage teach warn allow expect tell ask order want等。否定形式为not to do动词不定式在let，make，have 等使役动词后作宾补足语时，要省略to。⑤动词不定式可以作目的状语。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，常用短语in order to
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Helping those in need Period 3导学案
学生姓名 班级 序号
课题内容 Grammar
教材分析 Grammar板块主要介绍动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语这三种常见的用法
学习目标 与 核心素养 语言知识 掌握动词不定式的结构。 掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。 掌握不带to的动词不定式的用法。
语言技能 能够在具体语境中正确使用动词不定式。
情感态度 主动探究，善于发现语言的规律并能运用规律举一反三。
学习重点 掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。
学习难点 区别带to的动词不定式和不带to的动词不定式的用法。
温故知新
找出含有to do的动词搭配：
A: My parents and teachers always encourage me to help others who are in need. And now I’m a volunteer.
B: That’s so great! You can do it to help lots of people.
A: Yes, we’ve planned to visit the nursing home this weekend. Do you want to join us
B: I’d love to! Can you tell me what to do when we get there
A: The old people there always expect us to visit them. And we will help them to clean the room and have a walk with them. Sometimes, we teach them to sing songs and play games.
B: I’m in! It’s meaningful! I hope to be a volunteer like you. We must do everything we can to help those in need.
A: Great! Let’s work together to make others live more happily.
动词不定式
1 动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形；否定式：not to+动词原形。
2 动词不定式在句中的作用：
（1）作主语。如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
（2）作表语。如：He seems to be very rich. 他似乎很有钱。
（3）作宾语。如：She promised to come. 她答应会来。
（4）作宾补。如：What do you want me to do 你想要我做什么？
（5）作定语。如：I have some homework to do. 我有一些作业要做。
（6）作状语。如：He came to borrow some money. 他来借钱。（表示目的）
Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。（表示原因）
3 习惯接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, expect, hope, learn, offer, plan, promise, want, wish, would like等。如：
She hopes to study in America in the future. 她希望将来去美国留学。
I want to buy a new camera. 我想买个新相机。
4 “疑问词+to do”结构，相当于相应的从句。如：
I don’t know what to do. = I don’t know what I should do. 我不知道该怎么办。
They are learning how to help disabled people. = They are learning how they can help disabled people. 他们正在学习如何帮助残疾人。
5 常用于"动词+宾语+to do"结构的动词有：advise, allow, ask, encourage, help, invite, order, teach, tell, want, wish等。如：
My parents don’t allow me to go out at night. 我爸妈不许我晚上外出。
The teacher told us to write down the words. 老师叫我们把这些单词写下来。
6 动词不定式省略“to”的情况：
（1）在let, make等使役动词后作宾语补足语时省略to。如：
Don’t let your child play with fire. 别让你的小孩玩火。
I can make the machine run. 我能让机器动起来。
（2）在动词help后作宾语或宾补时可以用to，也可以省略to。如：
Can you help (to) carry this heavy box 你可以帮忙搬这个重箱子吗？
I can help you (to) do the homework. 我可以帮你做作业。
（3）在see, hear等感官动词后作宾补时省略to。如：
I saw her enter the hospital. 我看见她进了这家医院。
We often hear her sing this song. 我们经常听到她唱这首歌。
注意：当以上几种动词用于被动语态时，to不可省略。如：
The machine was made to run quickly. 机器被弄得快速运转。
We were helped by the teacher to do the work. 我们在老师的帮助下做这项工作。
He was seen to fall from the tree. 有人看到他从树上掉下来。
【专题训练】
I. 根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s time for us _______ (have) supper．
2. Would you like ______ (go) shopping with me？
3. It took us half an hour _______ (work) out the problem．
4. We saw them________ (come) into the room just now．
5. They prefer ________ (stay) at home rather than go out．
6. Have you got anything _____ (say)
7. Have you decided which one ________ (choose)
8. Do you know when________ (start)
9. I am sorry．I forgot _____ (tell) you the news．
10. What he said made me _____ (feel) sorry．
II、按要求完成下列句子。
1. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early ____ ____ ____ ____ there in time.
2. He hopes that he can visit the Canton Tower.
He hopes ____ ____ the Canton Tower.
3. His father went to Beijing on holiday.
His father went to Beijing ____ ____ his holiday.
4. Mary’s brother decided that he would buy the T-shirt.
Mary’s brother decided ____ ____ the T-shirt.
【能力提升】
Ⅰ.语法巩固
( )1. Everyone hopes _______ a good life.
A. live B. to live C. living D. to living
( )2. They decided ______ to the cinema.
A. not to go B. to not go C. not going D. going not
( )3. Let your mother ____ what you have decided.
A. know B. to know C. knowing D. known
( )4. Our English teacher often asks us ____ English in the morning.
A. read B. reading C. to reading D. to read
( )5. Don’t make children _______ too much homework.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. did
( )6. We must work hard ____ a better life.
A. live B. living C. to living D. to live
Ⅱ. 用动词的适当的形式填空
Why not offer _______ (help) your mother with some housework
Would you like _________ (visit) the Science Museum
We’ll learn __________ (sing) a beautiful English song tomorrow.
Who made Tom _____ (do) so much work
His father went to Beijing _________ (spend)his holiday.
Grammar同步练习
一、单项选择。
1. Early on a sunny morning David and his donkeys stop at a river _______.
A. drink B. drinking C. drinks D. to drink
2. Today people use modern machines ______ at the sky.
A. look B. to look C. looking D. looked
3. Later, he came to Yan’an ______ music at a college.
A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach
4. And don’t forget ______ good care of Grandma.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes
5. It was time for the villagers ______ to market.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
6. Everyone hopes _______ a good life.
A. live B. to live C. living D. to living
7. Do you want _______ something for the disabled children
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
8. Let me ______ care of these little animals.
A. to take B. take C. taking D. took
9. I’ll show you _______.
A. what to do B. to do what C. how to do D. to do how
10. He advised me _______ a new computer.
A. not to buy B. not buy C. don’t buy D. didn’t bought
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。
1. The man wishes _________ (travel) around the world.
2. Would you like _________ (join) the Science Club
3. Please let me _________ (finish) the report first.
4. Why not _______ (help) your mother with some housework
5. You can ask Mary ___________ (organize) the party.
6. Nobody wants __________ (suffer) from this disease.
7. They decided _________ (pay) nothing for the terrible meal.
8. __________ (learn) English well, Jack reads English every morning.
9. Who made the children_____ (laugh) so loudly
10 Our Chinese teacher always encourages us ________ (read) more books.
三、完成句子。
1. 我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。
We haven’t decided _____ _____ _____ our grandparents.
2. 参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。
____ _____ very educational for us ____ _______ Guangzhou Museum.
3. 从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
____ ______ about an hour _____ ______ to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.
4. 我希望妈妈让我自己做决定。
I wish my mother would _________ ________ _________ by myself.
5. 为了帮助莉莉，她每天放学都去看望莉莉。
_________ _________ Lily, she goes to visit Lily after school every day.
6. 妈妈叫我不要嘲笑残疾人。
Mum _________ _________ _________ _________ laugh at disabled people.
7. 我们必须学会怎样照顾自己。
We must _________ _________ _________ _________ care of ourselves.
8. 她为什么选择做这个模型呢？
Why does she _________ _________ _________ this model
四、语法填空。
Last month, I was in a strange town for visiting my friend. It was raining 1. ___________ (hard). My friend promised to meet me, but I couldn't contact him because my phone 2. ________ (die).
I 3. ___________ (stop) at a corner out of the train station and walked up to a mother and her little daughter.
“I’m sorry, but would you mind my using your phone Is it possible 4. _______ me to call my friend I want to tell 5. _______ (he) where I am.” She handed me her phone and then told me that I was lucky. That was because her phone was getting ready to be out of service. She didn't have enough money to pay the bill.
I was very 6. ___________ (thank). After finishing the call, I felt much 7. ___________ (good).
As I decided 8. ___________ (leave), I reached into my wallet, and pulled out a 100-yuan note, and then turned to leave quickly.
“Thank you, sir. But please take it back,” she said. “We
9. ______________ (not expect) to get anything in return. Welcome to our town.” 10. ___________ a warm and unforgettable experience I had!
参考答案：
课堂同步
对点专练：1. to have 2. to go 3. to work 4. come 5. to stay
6. to say 7. to choose 8. to start 9. to tell 10. feel
II：1. in order to get 2. to visit 3. to spend 4. to buy
巩固练习：
I: BAA DCD
II: 1 . to help 2. to visit 3. to sing 4. do 5. to spend
课后训练
一、DBDCC BCBAA
二、1. to travel 2. join 3. finish 4. help 5. to organize
6. to suffer 7. to pay 8. To learn 9. laugh 10. to read
三、1. when to visit 2.It is; to visit 3. It takes, to walk 4. let me decide
5. To help 6. tells/told me not to 7. learn how to take 8. choose to make
四、1. hard 2. died 3. stopped 4. him 5. for
6. thankful 7. better 8. to leave 9. don’t expect 10. What
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Unit 1 Helping those in need
Grammar
牛津深圳版（广州·沈阳通用）
八年级下
Lead in
hold a singing competition
…
hold an art festival
hold a food fair
hold a charity fair
What will you do if you want to raise money
I want to…
I hope to…
I plan to…
Warm-up
While - Learning
Read the following dialogue, pay attention to the phrase “to do”, and try to summarize how to use it.
A: My parents and teachers always encourage me to help others who are in need. And now I’m a volunteer.
B: That’s so great! You can do it to help lots of people.
A: Yes, we’ve planned to visit the nursing home this weekend. Do you want to join us
B: I’d love to! Can you tell me what to do when we get there
A: The old people there always expect us to visit them. And we will help them to clean the room and have a walk with them. Sometimes, we teach them to sing songs and play games.
B: I’m in! It’s meaningful! I hope to be a volunteer like you. We must do everything we can to help those in need.
A: Great! Let’s work together to make others live more happily.
Lead-in
Can you conclude the structures of the following “to do” sentences
We’ve planned to visit the nursing home this weekend.
I hope to be a volunteer like you.
Can you tell me what to do when we get there
动词+ to do / 特殊疑问词+ to do
My parents and teachers always encourage me to help others who are in need.
The old people there always expect us to visit them.
We will help them to clean the room and have a walk with them.
We teach them to sing songs and play games.
You can do it to help lots of people.
We must do everything we can to help those in need.
Let’s work together to make others live more happily.
动词+ sb. + to do
to do 表目的
Can you say some verbs which have “ to do” after them
want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn, promise, remember, forget, would like/love
Infinitives
Grammar
Some verbs can have other verbs after them. We usually use to before the second verb. We call these second verbs infinitives.
1. We can use verbs +to + infinitives in sentences.
Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.
Cindy wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home.
Work out the rule
An infinitive is the (base/ -ing/ -ed) form of a verb.
We often use to + infinitive after these verbs:
choose hope offer want decide learn plan wish
Rules
A1 Mark and his mother visited Vivien. Mark is telling his friends about the plete his words with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
We (1) ________________(decide/meet) Vivien today. We (2)_____________(want/help) her in some way. When we arrived, Vivien was very happy.
She(3)_____________(begin/talk) to me about her school. She said, “I (4)__________(like/go) to school, but I don’t have any friends. I feel lonely.”
Mum gave her some advice. Then Mum asked me to give Vivien her present, but I (5)_____________ (forget/bring) it! Vivien said, “It’s OK. I (6)___________ (hope/see) you again soon.”
decided to meet
wanted to help
began to talk
like to go
forgot to bring
hope to see
Practice
Rules
2. We can use question words + to + infinitive after decide, know, learn and remember.
Do you know how to help disabled children
I remember what to do next.
王教授要去一所大学作演讲，去之前他向司机Tim确认一些信息。请选择方框中适当的疑问词完成对话。
Dr Wang: I don’t know where the university is, Tim.
Tim: Don’t worry. I know _____ to get there.
Dr Wang: And I’ve forgotten which room the lecture’s in.
Tim: No problem. I’m sure someone will show us _______ to go.
Dr Wang: I can’t remember what time I’ve got to start my lecture.
Tim: Don’t worry, sir. Look at the schedule. It’ll tell you ______ to begin.
Dr Wang: I’m so nervous. I’m afraid I might forget my speech!
Tim: Keep calm, sir. I’m sure you’ll remember ____ to say.
Dr Wang: After the lecture. I’ve got to see a person to ask for my lecture fee. But I don’t know his name.
Tim: It’s all right, sir. I know ____ to speak to.
how what when where who
how
where
when
what
who
Practice
We often use objects + to + infinitives after these verbs:
advise encourage teach warn
allow expect tell
ask order want
3. We can also use verbs + objects + to + infinitives in sentences.
Rules
Annie taught Tim to sing beautiful songs.
We want them to be happy.
We taught them to tell stories.
Translate the following sentences into English.
杰克想让我给他带些漫画书。
卡西建议他们打车。
爷爷让我把盐递给他。
妈妈提醒我晚饭不要迟到。
Jack wanted me to bring him some comic books.
Cathy advised them to take a taxi.
My grandpa asked me to pass him the salt.
My mum reminded me not to be late for dinner.
Things to remember
We can use not + to + infinitives after verbs.
Practice
Rules
*动词不定式在let，make，have 等使役动词后作宾语补足语时，要省略to。
I will let him go with us. 我会让他跟我们一起去。
I made her cry. 我把她弄哭了。
B Betty is visiting Cindy in the plete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Betty: Morning, Cindy. We’re organizing a painting competition for the children in hospital. We’ll (1)______ them ___________(ask/paint) pictures. Would you like to take part in the competition
Cindy: Yes, I’d love to. I want to paint a picture of the park near my home, but the doctor won’t (2)_________ me ___________(let/go) out. He (3)_________ me _________(want/stay) in hospital.
ask
let
go
wants
to stay
to paint
Practice
Betty: Do you (4)_______ me ___________(want/take) some photos of that park for you
Cindy: Yes. That would be very kind of you.
Betty: I’ll go there this weekend. Then I’ll bring the photos to you next week and (5)___________ you ___________(teach/paint).
Cindy: Thanks for your help.
teach
to paint
want
to take
4. We can use verbs +to + infinitives to express purpose.
Cindy used a brush to paint a picture of a park.
They went to the hospital to help the sick children.
Rules
Infinitives of purpose
动词不定式作目的状语
C Use the information in the reports on page 3 to answer these questions. Use the correct infinitives in your answers.
Why did the three teenagers offer to do some voluntary work during the school holidays
They offered to do some voluntary work _______
children in need.
2. Why did Betty go to the children’s hospital
She went to the hospital ___________ a painting
competition for the children there.
3. Why did Betty go to the park near Cindy’s home
She went there ______________ some photos.
to help
to take
to organize
Practice
4.Why did Mark and his mother teach Vivien to tell stories
They taught Vivien to tell stories __________ her express her feelings.
5. Why did Annie teach disabled children to sing
She taught them to sing ___________ them joy and peace.
to help
to bring
1. It’s time for us _______ (have) supper．
2. Would you like ______ (go) shopping with me？
3. It took us half an hour _______ (work) out the problem．
4. We saw them________ (come) into the room just now．
5. They prefer ________ (stay) at home rather than go out．
to have
to go
to work
come
对点专练
I. 根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
to stay
6. Have you got anything _____ (say)
7. Have you decided which one ________ (choose)
8. Do you know when________ (start)
9. I am sorry．I forgot _____ (tell) you the news．
10. What he said made me _____ (feel) sorry．
to say
to choose
to start
to tell
feel
对点专练
1. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early ____ ____ ____ ____ there in time.
2. He hopes that he can visit the Canton Tower.
He hopes ____ ____ the Canton Tower.
3. His father went to Beijing on holiday.
His father went to Beijing ____ ____ his holiday.
4. Mary’s brother decided that he would buy the T-shirt.
Mary’s brother decided ____ ____ the T-shirt.
in order to get
to visit
to spend
to buy
II、按要求完成下列句子。
对点专练
动词不定式的用法
①构成：to do sth (do 代表动词原形)
否定形式是not to do sth
②动词不定式常在以下动词（短语）的后面作宾语：choose hope offer want decide learn plan wish
③“疑问词+动词不定式”也可以作宾语
Summary
④动词不定式常在以下动词（短语）的宾语后面作宾
语补足语： advise encourage teach warn allow expect tell ask order want等。否定形式为not to do动词不定式在let，make，have 等使役动词后作宾补足语时，要省略to。
⑤动词不定式可以作目的状语。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，常用短语in order to
Summary
Ⅰ.语法巩固
( )1. Everyone hopes _______ a good life.
A. live B. to live
C. living D. to living
( )2. They decided ______ to the cinema.
A. not to go B. to not go
C. not going D. going not
B
A
Practice
( )3. Let your mother ____ what you have decided.
A. know B. to know
C. knowing D. known
( )4. Our English teacher often asks us ____ English in the morning.
A. read B. reading
C. to reading D. to read
A
D
Practice
( )5. Don’t make children _______ too much homework.
A. doing B. to do
C. do D. did
( )6. We must work hard ____ a better life.
A. live B. living
C. to living D. to live
C
D
Practice
Ⅱ. 用动词的适当的形式填空
Why not offer _______ (help) your mother with some housework
Would you like _________ (visit) the Science Museum
We’ll learn __________ (sing) a beautiful English song tomorrow.
Who made Tom _____ (do) so much work
His father went to Beijing _________ (spend)his holiday.
to spend
to help
to sing
to visit
do
Practice
复习Grammar笔记，背固定搭配。
完成导学卷的《课后练习》。
Homework
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