2022年中考二轮专题复习 形容词和副词课件（48张PPT)

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2022年中考英语二轮
专题复习
形容词和副词
知识导图
考点精讲
考点1常见的形容词和副词
1.初中阶段常见的形容词
情感情绪类
afraid（unafraid ）/frightened/scared 害怕的
angry/annoyed/mad 生气的
bored 无聊的 calm 冷静的
crazy/mad 疯狂的 disappointed 失望的
embarrassed尴尬的 excited 激动的
glad/happy/pleased高兴的
interested感兴趣的 lonely 孤独的 lucky 幸运的
moved感动的 nervous紧张的
proud 自豪的 relaxed 放松的 sad/upset 难过的，伤心的
satisfied 满意的 serious 严肃的;严重的
silent 不说话的，沉默的
sleepy 困倦的
sorry 遗憾的;抱歉的
surprised 吃惊的 tired 疲劳的 worried担心的
性格特征类
active 活跃的;积极的 attractive 有吸引力的
brave 勇敢的 careful 小心的
careless 粗心的
clever/smart 聪明的
creative 有创造力的 cruel 残忍的
cute 可爱的 energetic 精力充沛的
excellent 极好的;优秀的
foolish 愚蠢的 friendly 友好的
generous 慷慨的 gentle 温柔的
honest 诚实的 humorous 幽默的
kind 善良的 lazy 懒的
lovely 可爱的
outgoing 爱交际的;友好的;外向的
patient 有耐心的 polite有礼貌的
quiet 安静的（2021.41） shy 害羞的
strict严格的 stupid愚蠢的
wise（unwise）明智的（2012.48）
事物特征类
awful可怕的 comfortable舒服的
common 普遍的 complete 完全的
correct 正确的 dangerous危险的
different 不同的 difficult 困难的
easy 容易的;不费力的 empty空的
expensive昂贵的
fair公平的 fantastic迷人的
fresh新鲜的 general一般的
harmful 有害的 helpful有帮助的
important 重要的 national国家的
natural自然的 necessary必要的
noisy 吵闹的 perfect完美的
personal个人的 pleasant令人愉快的
popular流行的 possible可能的
private私人的 proper合适的
safe安全的 simple简单的
single单个的 smooth顺利的
social社会的 special 特殊的
strange奇怪的 sure肯定的;确信的
terrible可怕的
tiny微小的 traditional传统的
useful有用的 usual通常的
valuable有价值的
合成形容词类
easy-going 随和的
hard-working 工作努力的，辛勤的
kind-hearted 好心的 man-made 人造的
strong-willed 意志坚强的
warm-hearted 热心肠的
well-known 出名的;众所周知的
world-famous 举世闻名的
【易错点】以-ly结尾的形容词
许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但是有些以-ly结尾的单词不是副词，而是形容词。如：friendly友好的；lonely孤独的；lovely可爱的；lively生气勃勃的；daily日常的；likely可能的。
2.初中阶段常见的副词
程度副词
almost几乎;差不多 enough足够
even甚至
greatly非常，大大地，很 hardly几乎不 just 仅仅
much非常；很 nearly 几乎
only仅仅 pretty/quite/rather相当
right正好 so 如此
still仍然 straight 直接地
too太;也 very非常 well远远地
方式副词
bravely勇敢地 calmly冷静地 carefully小心地
politely有礼貌地 properly适当地
proudly自豪地 quickly迅速地
silently无声地 suddenly突然
wisely明智地
频度副词
again and again再三；反复
always总是 at times有时；间或
daily每天 ever曾经
every day每天 every month每月
every year每年 hardly ever几乎从不
never从不 often经常
once一次 seldom很少
sometimes有时 twice两次
usually通常 weekly每周
时间副词
ago以前 already已经
at once 立刻 before 以前
early早地 finally just now刚才 late晚;迟
later后来
now现在 once曾经
recently近来 soon很快
then 然后 today 今天
tomorrow 明天 whenever无论何时
yesterday昨天
地点副词
above在上边 abroad在国外
anywhere任何地方 away 在远处
behind 在后边 downstairs 在楼下
east向东 everywhere每个地方
here 在这儿 here and there到处
home（在）家里 inside在里面
north向北 outside在外面
over there 在那边 somewhere某个地方
south向南 there在那儿
upstairs在楼上 west向西
wherever无论哪里
连接副词
also也 besides此外;而且 anyway
however然而
instead而不是;代替
moreover 而且 otherwise否则
then于是;那么 therefore因此 yet然而
疑问副词
how怎样 how far多远
how long多长；多久 how often多久一次
how soon 多久 when何时
where在哪里 why为什么
拓展
副词连用顺序
程度副词+地点副词+方式副词+时间副词。
考点2形容词、副词的比较等级
1.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成
（1）规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单 音 节 词 和 部 分 双 音 节 词 一般在词尾加-er,-est high tall higher taller highest
tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的加-r,-st nice late nicer later nicest
latest
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单 音 节 词 和 部 分 双 音 节 词 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er,-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest
fattest
hottest
续表
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单 音 节 词 和 部 分 双 音 节 词 以辅音字母加-y结尾的双音节词，变-y为i，再加 -er,-est happy easy early happier easier earlier happiest
easiest
earliest
续表
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
多音节词和部分双音 节词 在词前加more,most important careful comfortably more important, more careful, more comfortably most important, most careful, most comfortably
续表
（2）不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
ill/bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法
常用结构 例子
肯定 as+原级+as Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特的年龄一样大。
否定 not as/so+原级+as Jim doesn’t run as/so fast as Mike.吉姆没有迈克跑得快。
倍数 表达 倍数+as+原级+as Cats sleep twice as much as people.猫的睡眠时间比人的长一倍。/猫的睡眠时间是人的两倍。
（1）原级比较
（2）比较级
常用结构 意义
A…+比较级+than+B A比B更……
比较级+and+比较级 越来越……
the+比较级…，the+比较级… 越……，就越……
A…+倍数+比较级+than+B A比B……几倍
A…+the+比较级+of the two+可数名词复数 两者中A较/更……
A…+less+原级+than+B A不如B……；A没B……
Which/Who…+比较级，A or B A或B，哪一个/谁更……
如：Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。
He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误就越少。
This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。
Tom is the taller of the two boys.汤姆是两个男孩中较高的一个。
I think English is less difficult than physics.我认为英语没有物理难。
Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？地球和月球哪一个更大？
（3）最高级
常用结构 意义
the+最高级+比较范围 ……中最……
one of+the+最高级+复数名词+比较范围 ……中最……之一
the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+比较范围 ……中第……最……
Which/Who…the+最高级,A,B or C A，B和C哪一个/谁最……
【易错点】
（1）最高级常用于三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，比较范围常用in/of/among短语或从句来表示。
（2）比较级与最高级之间的转化
①
如：Tom is the tallest student in his class.
=Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other students in his class.
②“否定词+比较级”也可表示最高级含义。如：
—This is a moving film.I’ve never seen a better one before.这是一部感人的电影，我从没看过比它更好的。
—I can’t agree more.It’s really great.我完全同意。它真是太棒了。
（3）形容词最高级前一般要加the，但有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，前面不加the。如：
Kate is my best friend.凯特是我最好的朋友。
精选考题测评
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. （2021·盘锦）It is always pleasant to see children’s ________（sun） smiles.
sunny
2. （2021·盐城）Choose ________（wise） how you spend your spare time and with whom you spend it.
wisely
3. （2021·大庆）It is __________（polite） to speak when eating things.
impolite
4. （2021·大连）Put the books back on the shelf after reading,or Dad will be __________（happy）.
unhappy
5. （2021·永州）Nowadays,better medical care and cleaner water help people live ________（long）.
longer
6. （2021·龙东地区）Martin went out _________（angry） when he heard the news.
angrily
7. （2021·绥化）Yang Zhenning became ___________（interest） in science when he was a young boy.
interested
8. （2021·盘锦）In Gretel’s mind,Hansel was the _________（brave） person in the world.
bravest
earlier
10. （2021·扬州）The next morning he got up ________（early） than before to practice football.
9. （2021·扬州）My parents and I had a ___________（wonder） journey to Hainan.
wonderful
二、从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其适当形式填空
create, young, close, danger, heavy,
successful, wise, good, careful, help
1. （2021·南通）Marie Curie’s success in the discovery of radium is _________ connected with her hard work.
closely
2. （2021·温州）John thinks The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is ____________________ novel among Mark Twain’s works.
the most successful
3. （2021·本溪改编）Our teacher often warns us it’s ___________ to leave much personal information on the Internet.
dangerous
4.（2021·吉林改编）Kelly,don’t go out,please.It’s raining _________.
heavily
5. （2021·东营改编）Life isn’t always perfect,but it’s up to you to make your life ________.
better
6. （2021·云南改编）—I think it is a good way to study English by watching English movies.
—I agree.I find it _________ to improve my listening.
helpful
7. （2021·株洲改编）Xiao Yun,the __________ child was just born. His two elder sisters are at school.
youngest
8. （2021·扬州改编）I can’t believe you made the life-like cat out of paper. How _________ you are!
creative
9. （2021·大庆改编）The _______________ you drive,the safer you are.
more carefully
10. （2021·襄阳改编）—Does your sister spend her money ________
—Yes,of course.She knows what to buy and what not to buy.
wisely
三、语篇训练
A（2021·成都改编）
We all like honest people,but not all people are honest with us. So it must be . .1. . that there is a day to ask everybody to be honest. M.Hirsh Goldberg,a writer,started Honesty Day. He chose the . .2. . day of April as Honesty Day because the first day is April Fool’s Day.
Be honest.That’s all you have to do on Honesty Day.On this day, anyone can ask you any question and you should give a . .3. . answer. Every Honesty Day,Mr.Goldberg gives prizes to . .4. . groups and people to praise them.
Mr.Goldberg wrote a book on telling lies.He said . .5. . everyone tells lies.That is why he set up Honesty Day.
1. ( )A. bad B. hard C. happy D. great
D
2. ( )A. last B. first C. second D. third
A
3. ( )A. complete B. true C. quick D. different
B
4. ( )A. special B. dishonest C. honest D. clever
C
5. ( )A. actually B. finally C. gradually D. exactly
A
B（2021·广安改编）
down, enough, about, similar, serious
Justin is an 18-year-old student.He is thinking about how to spend his money during the summer vacation.He has saved 6.________ 300 dollars already.He plans to buy himself a computer with his money,but he also wants to go for a trip with his friends.He can’t do both because he doesn’t have 7._________ money.What should Justin do
about
enough
We are often in these 8._________ situations.You want to see a concert on Saturday,but it is also your mother’s birthday and you do not want to let her 9.________.In this case,you don’t have enough time to go to both places.You must make a decision.You must think about what should be done first.You should consider 10.__________.
down
seriously
similar
C（2021·省实验模拟改编）
small, sudden, secret, unlucky, seldom, great,
terrible, careful, healthy, surprise
A little boy almost thought of himself as the 11.___________ child because he was born with a lame（瘸的） leg.He 12._________ played with his classmates and always lowered his head without a word.
unluckiest
seldom
One spring,the boy’s father gave each child a 13._______ tree to plant.“Whoever grows the best tree will get a favorite gift,”he said to them.Seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees happily,a 14._________ idea hit his mind:he hoped the tree he planted would die soon.So he never cared about it.
terrible
small
A few days later,he was 15.__________ to find it not only didn’t die,but grew some fresh leaves,and it looked greener and 16.__________ than the others.He got a favorite gift and was told by his father that from the tree he planted,he would become a 17._______ botanist（植物学家）.One night,looking at the bright moonlight outside the window,he 18.__________ remembered what his teacher once said,most plants grew at night.Why not go to see the lovely tree When he came to the garden,he found his father was watering his tree 19.__________.
suddenly
carefully
surprised
healthier
great
At that time,he understood:his father has 20._________ taken good care of his small tree!He returned to his room with tears running out.
Many years passed.The little boy didn’t become a botanist,but he was known as a great president of the United States.His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
secretly