2022年中考英语二轮专题复习 冠词课件（31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
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2022年中考英语二轮
专题复习
冠词
知识导图
考点精讲
考点1不定冠词
1.不定冠词a,an的区别
（1）a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。
（2）元/辅音字母≠元/辅音音素。常见的以元/辅音字母开头的单
词用a,an的情况：
字母 例子
Aa an actor,an apple,an artist
Ee an egg,an eight-year-old boy,an exciting job
易错点：a European country
Ii an idea,an interesting activity
Oo an old man,an orange dress
易错点：a one-year-old boy
Uu an umbrella,an unusual day
字母 例子
Uu 易错点：a UFO,a unit,a university,a useful book,a usual day
Hh a happy day,a hill
易错点：an honest boy,an honor,an hour
特殊记忆 26个英文字母中，前面用an的有：a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x（口诀：Mr.Li has one fox）。如：an “s” 等。
续表
2.不定冠词a/an的用法
用法 例子
用于第一次提及的人或物前，表示一个 There is a tree in front of my house.我的房前有一棵树。
指人或事物的某一种类，以区别其他种类 A bird can fly.鸟会飞。
泛指某人或某物 A woman called you just now.刚才有个女士给你打电话了。
用法 例子
用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一” I want to have a third try.我想再试一次。
用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 a knife and fork一副刀叉
用于表明比率、速度、价格等，有“每一”的意思，相当于every three times a week一周三次
用于某些固定搭配中 catch a cold患感冒；have a fun time玩得愉快/开心；make a living谋生；pay a visit to拜访；take a seat 坐下
续表
考点2定冠词
1.定冠词the的用法
用法 例子
用于单数可数名词前表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
用于世界上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe宇宙；the moon月亮
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door 你介意打开门吗？
用法 例子
用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前 He is the tallest of all the students.他是所有学生中最高的。
用在next,last,same,only等词前 the only child唯一的孩子；the last student最后一个学生
用于某些形容词和分词前，表示一类人 the rich有钱人；the wounded伤员
续表
用法 例子
用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens格林一家/夫妇
用于江河、湖海、山川、群岛等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Yellow River黄河；the Alps阿尔卑斯山；the Great Wall长城
用于乐器名称的名词前 play the violin拉小提琴
用于表示方位、地点、时间的名词前 in the west在西方；in the afternoon在下午
续表
2.用于某些固定搭配中
（1）the+整十年份的复数表示某年代。如:in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代。
（2）其他固定搭配：
all the time总是，一直；all the year round一年到头；at the same time 同时；by the way顺便问/说一句；in the end最后,终于；in the middle of在……的中间；in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；in the sky在天空中
【方法技巧】
定冠词用法口诀
特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独无二，序数最高级，普通专有名，习语及乐器。
考点3零冠词
1.零冠词的用法
用法 例子
名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格 My pen is much more expensive than yours.我的钢笔比你的贵多了。
物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等专有名词和不可数名词前 Peking University北京大学；Jack杰克
用法 例子
三餐、球类运动与棋类游戏前 have breakfast吃早餐；play football踢足球
星期、月份、季节、节日前 on Sunday在星期天；in March在三月；in spring在春天；on National Day在国庆节
称呼语或表示头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.林肯被选为美国的总统。
续表
用法 例子
表示交通方式的介词短语中 by train乘火车；by air乘飞机
复数名词表示一类人或事物时 Apples are sweet.苹果很甜。
具体的学科、各种语言前 English is one of the most important languages.英语是最重要的语言之一。
续表
2.用于某些固定搭配中
at home在家；in danger处于危险中;in trouble陷入困境；on business出差;on show展览;on time按时；day and night日日夜夜；face to face面对面；listen to music听音乐；watch TV看电视；on fire着火
【易错点】有无定冠词的区别：
（1）at the table在桌子旁 at table吃饭
（2）at the school在学校里 at school在上学
（3）by the sea在海边 by sea乘船
（4）go to the school到学校去 go to school去上学
（5）in the class在班里 in class在课堂上
（6）in the front of在……前面（范围内部）
in front of在……前面（范围外部）
（7）in the hospital在医院里 in hospital（因病）住院
（8）in the prison在监狱里（不一定是犯人）
in prison在坐牢
（9）on the earth在地球上 on earth究竟
【方法技巧】
零冠词用法口诀
下列情况不用冠，名词之前代词限；
复数名词表泛指，球类学科和三餐；
专有名词不可数，星期月份季节前；
交通手段和节日，习语称谓和头衔。
精选考题测评
一、用a，an，the或/填空
1. （2021·盘锦改编）Lucas usually has _____ egg and some milk for breakfast.
an
2. （2021·黄石改编）France is ____ European country,and I visited the country three years ago.
a
3. （2021·南通改编）My family have ____ breakfast together every day.This helps us start ____ day well.
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a
4. （2021·湘潭改编）Zhang Guimei is _____ unusual teacher.She set up the first free girls’ high school in 2008.
an
the
5. （2021·成都改编）Everyone needs to know _____ importance of rubbish sorting（分类）.
a
6. （2021·重庆A卷改编）Taking the train is ____ good way to see the world.
an
7. （2021·玉林改编）—Tina,you’re too careless.You missed _____ “n” in _____ word “Internet” again.
—Sorry,Ms.Gao.I will be more careful next time.
the
8. （2021·郴州改编）—We have worked for a long time.
—Yeah,let’s go out for a walk.It is ____ useful way to relax.
a
9. （2020·吉林改编）Many more people have realized saving ______ earth begins with small things.
the
10. （2020·哈尔滨改编）—Candy,I have a toothache.What should I do
—You’d better see a dentist and get _____ X-ray.
an
the
11. China is ______ biggest country in Asia.
a
12. Don’t make up ____ story.I have already known the truth.
an
13. There are sixty minutes in _____ hour.
/
14. We must protect the animals in ____ danger.
15. After she passed the entrance examination,she finally became ____ university student.
the
16. Many volunteers often come to the countryside to help ______ poor.
A
17. _____ good neighbor is better than a brother far away.
a
18. Leo is _____ honest boy.He never tells a lie.
an
19. September,______ ninth month of a year,usually means the start of a new school year in our country.
the
20. Kate is not ______ only child in her family,because ____ new baby is on the way.
the
a
二、语篇训练
根据语篇要求,填入适当的冠词。
A（2021·自贡改编）
Do you often run outdoors to keep healthy Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up 1.______ earth Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.Plogging（跑步捡垃圾）,2.____ new way to exercise,began in Sweden. 3.______ name “plogging” comes from two words—the Swedish word “plocka”,which means “to pick up”,and the word “jogging”,which means “to run slowly”.4._____ Swedish man called Erik started the
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movement.He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work each day. He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more.So,he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at 5.______ same time.To his joy,more and more people followed him and soon plogging became popular.
the
B
Look at the picture!It’s 6._____ exciting moment.A fox is in the fight with a very scared marmot（土拨鼠）.This picture was taken by Chinese photographer Bao Yongqing.It won him Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2019,one of 7.______ most famous photography awards in the world.The judges said that the photo was about “a powerful
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moment of humor and horror”.This is 8.______ first time for a Chinese photographer to win the award.Bao took this photo in China’s Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.He waited two or three hours before the perfect moment finally came.And another photographer,Fan Shangzhen, also won 9._____ award.This is the award of “Animals in Their Environment”.He took 10.____ picture of a group of antelopes in the snow, making their way to a warmer place.
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C（2021·长沙改编）
Henry is 11._____ American businessman.One day,when he was sailing（航行） on a boat near San Francisco,he was carried out into 12.______ sea by a strong wind.Luckily,he was discovered and picked up by 13.____ London-bound（开往伦敦的） ship.So he landed in London by 14.____ accident.Alone and hungry,he walked on the streets of the city.Unexpectedly,he was called into a big house.There two rich brothers,Oliver and Roderick,gave him 15.____ letter and
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a
told him not to open it until two o’clock of the day.Henry didn’t know it was a million-pound（百万英镑） bank note.He left 16.______ big house and went into 17.____ cheap restaurant to get something to eat.Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why Because he was in rags（衣衫褴褛） and looked dirty.Then,to everyone’s surprise,he handed 18.______ owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal.On seeing 19.______ note,all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’s 20.______ most unbelievable story in the world
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