2022年中考一轮复习教材知识梳理（人教版）八年级下册Units 7—8课件（56张PPT)

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2022年中考英语一轮复习
课本梳理
人教（新目标）版
八年级下册Units 7—8
5.include（v.）→___________（prep.）包括（某人/某物）在内★
→__________（过去式/过去分词）包括;包含★
6.keep（v.）→______（过去式/过去分词）保持;保留
→________（n.）饲养员;保管人★
3.laugh（v.）→__________（n.）笑;笑声★ ▲laugh ____嘲笑;取笑
高频考点导航
词汇拓展
deeply
tourist
laughter
at
achievement
including
included
kept
keeper
1.deep（adj.）→________（adv.）深深地★
2.tour（n.& v.）→________（n.）旅行者;观光者★
4.achieve（v.）→_____________（n.）成就;成绩
weight
7.weigh（v.）→_________（n.）重量;重
widely
8.wide（adj.）→_________（adv.）广泛地;普遍地 →________（n.）宽度
width
belonging
9.belong（v.）→___________（n.）所属物
protection
10.protect（v.）→___________（n.）保护;保卫★
success
11.succeed（v.）→_________（n.）成功★
natural
12.nature（n.）→_________（adj.）自然的;天生的;不做作的
awake
13.wake（v.）→________（adj.）醒着★
southern
14.south（n.& adj.）→__________（adj.）南方的
French
16.France（n.）→_________（n.& adj.）法语;法国（人）的;法语的
beautiful
17.beauty（n.）→__________（adj.）美丽的；美好的★
→____________（adv.）美好地；漂亮地
beautifully
Asian
15.Asia（n.）→________（n.& adj.）亚洲人;亚洲（人）的
重点短语
feel free（to do sth.）
1._______________________（可以）随便（做某事）
as far as I know
2.__________________就我所知
take in
3._________吸入;吞入（体内）
in the face of
4._______________面对（问题、困难等）
even though
5._____________即使;虽然
at birth
6._________出生时
up to
7.________到达（某数量、程度等）;至多有;不多于
walk into
8.___________走路时撞着
fall over
9.__________绊倒
or so
full of
hurry up
science fiction
country music
ever since
belong to
one another
introduce…to…
10.________大约
11._________满是……的;（有）大量的;（有）丰富的
12.__________赶快;急忙（做某事）
13._______________科幻小说（或影片等）
14._______________乡村音乐
15.____________自从
16.___________属于
17._____________互相
18.________________把……介绍给……
a
lot
bigger
重点句子
1.It’s ____ _____ ________ than the population of the US.它比美国的人口要多得多。
Feel
free
to
ask
2._______ ______ _____ ______ meanything on today’s Great Wall tour.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。
As
far
as
I
know
3._____ _____ _____ ____ ________,there are no other man-made objects _____ ______ _____ this.就我所知，再没有其他像它（长城）这样大的人造物体了。
as
big
as
most
dangerous
sports
mountain
4.One of the world’s _______ ___________ ________ is ___________ __________.世界上最危险的运动之一是登山。
climbing
5.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves _____ ______ ______ _____ ____________.主要的原因之一是因为他们想在面对困难时挑战自己。
in
the
face
of
difficulties
6.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up ________ _____ _________ our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。
trying
to
achieve
many
times
more
7.This elephant weighs ________ _______ _______ than this panda.这头大象比这只熊猫重许多倍。
die
from
illness
9.The babies often ______ _______ ________ and do not live very long.这些幼崽经常死于疾病并且活不长。
brings
us
back
to
10.However,country music ________ _____ _______ _____ the “good old days” when people were kind to each other and trusted ______ _________.然而，乡村音乐把我们带回到了“过去的好时光”，那时人们彼此友好，互相信任。
one
another
fewer
living
8.There are now ________ than 2,000 pandas ________ in the forests.如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2000只。
情景交际谈
论地理与自然
What is the highest mountain in the world
How long can pandas live
1.A:________________________________________（世界上最高的山是什么）
B:Qomolangma.It’s higher than any other mountain in the world.
2.A:__________________________（熊猫能活多久）
B:Pandas can live up to 20 to 30 years.
What are you listening to
4.A:_________________________（你正在听什么）,Alex The song sounds really good.
B:Hey,Dave!I’m listening to a band called “The Toms”.
Have you read Little Women yet
谈论最近发生的事和经历
3.A:_______________________________（你曾经读过《小妇人》这本书吗）
B:Yes,I have read Little Women.
1.Facts about the world（有关世界的事实）
2.Literature and music（文学和音乐）
语法
1.大数的表达与朗读
2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
3.现在完成时Ⅰ（含already和yet）
话题
基础知识巩固
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. （2021·大庆）You will have to work hard if you want to _________（success）.
succeed
2. （2021·遂宁改编）—What’s the highest mountain in the world
—Qomolangma.It is 8848.86 ________（meter） high according to the latest report.
meters
3. （2021·成都改编）Yuan Longping spent his whole life doing research into rice and his __________________ （achieve） will be remembered by us all forever.
achievement（s）
Asian
4. （2021·成都改编）Zhang Hong,a Chinese,is the first ________（Asia） blind climber who has reached the top of Qomolangma.
5. （2021·枣庄改编）But when we went back to the foot of the mountain,we saw pandas running over to the keepers with ____________（excite） in the garden.
excitement
Tourists
6. （2021·连云港）__________（tour） must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.
beauty
7. （2021·宜昌改编）All in all,life is always full of ________（beautiful） as long as you watch carefully.
awake
8. （2021·鸡西改编）It was midnight,but he was still ________（wake） thinking about the teaching plan.
9. （2021·龙东地区）Many people come to the English corner,___________（include） some English speakers from the UK and the US.
including
10. （2021·达州改编）—Why do some whales have to _____________（protect）
—Because humans catch whales for meat,fat and oil.Some of them are endangered.
be protected
二、根据句意填单词（盲填）
1. （2021·新疆改编）We can achieve our dream as long as we don’t give up hope in the face _____ difficulties.
of
2. （2021·云南改编）After hearing the exciting news,she got so excited that her eyes were ______ of tears.
full
3. （2021·武威改编）Success belongs _____ the hard-working people in the end.
to
4. （2021·丹东改编）The teacher still spoke very loudly _______ though he had a sore throat.
even
the
5. （2021·泸州改编）—Fishing is one of ______ most popular activities among many people.
—Yes.But now it’s not allowed to fish in the Yangtze River as well as other rivers.
三、八下Unit 7 Section A 3a根据课文内容改编填空
one，place，force，include，risk
One of the most dangerous sports in the world is mountain climbing.And one of the most popular 1.________ for this is the Himalayas.The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.Of all the mountains,Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.It’s hard to climb Qomolangma because thick clouds cover the top.Even more serious difficulties 2._________ freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.
places
include
The 3.______ people to reach the top of Qomolangma were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary in 1953.The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while in 1975,the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei.
These extremely high 4._______ attract climbers from all over the world.They want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of them shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the 5.________ of nature.
first
risks
forces
一词多义
1. fan
（1） （2020·重庆B卷阅读）Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice,for China is praised as “the Fan Kingdom”._______
扇子
（2） （2021·大连阅读）Peter,a 10-year-old pupil,becomes a big fan of the bike bus._____________
狂热爱好者
2. land
（1） （2020·河南完形）A kitten suddenly came flying through the air,and landed right in front of her._______
降落
（2） （2021·云南阅读）The land is covered with snow and ice most of the year,too._______
陆地
3. mark
（1） （2021·临沂阅读）He believes marks of alien life may even be found here on Earth._______
迹象
（2） （2021·海南阅读）Have you done the necessary work to get good marks _______
分数
（3） （2021·常德阅读）They mark them on Monday and Tuesday,and then send them back._____________________
（给学生作业）打分
4. force
（1） （2021·安阳二模阅读A篇）An unexpected tragedy force them to reunite to fight against the oldest enemy—the Deviants._______
迫使
（2） They realized the force of her argument.___________
强大效力
5. line
（1） （2021·重庆A卷阅读）In the painting,the five oxen are in a line._____
行
（2） （2021·开封祥符区二模阅读B篇）The first subway line for Stockholm was opened in 1950._______
线路
（3） Crowds of people lined the streets to watch the race._______________
沿……形成行
【活学活用】
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
land,fan,mark,force,line
1. （2021·苏州改编）Football ______ are often called the “12th man” because of their influence on a team.
fans
2. （2021·常州改编）China’s Tianwen-1 ________ on Mars on May 15th,2021.Do you know what it looks like
landed
3. （2021·盘锦改编）Two teams reached the finishing ______ at the same time in the dragon boat race.
line
mark
4. I believe you will get a better _______ in the math exam.
5. I was ________ to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
forced
考点完全攻略
考点1 归纳population的用法
population是一个集合名词，意为“人口”。常见用法如下：
如：The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快。
It’s reported that over 40 percent of the world’s population uses/use social media.据报道世界上超过40%的人口使用社交媒体。
Which city has the smallest population,Beijing,Guiyang or Linyi 北京、贵阳和临沂，哪个城市的人口最少？
What’s the population of China =How large is the population of China 中国的人口是多少？
【活学活用】
1. （2021·滨州改编）—What’s ______ population of China
—It has ____ population of 1.4 billion.（盲填）
the
a
2. （2021·通辽）“三孩政策”有助于减轻人口老龄化的压力。
The three-child policy contributes to easing the __________ from the aging ____________.
pressure
population
3. 中国有着世界上最多的人口。
China has ______ _______________ ____________ in the world.
the
biggest/largest
population
考点2 归纳belong的用法
belong为不及物动词，意为“属于;归属”，常和介词to搭配，意为“属于”，后接名词或人称代词宾格，不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。belong to没有进行时态和被动语态。如：
Diaoyu Islands belong to China.钓鱼岛属于中国。
【活学活用】
4. （2021·牡丹江）The new car is Jenny’s.（改为同义句）
The new car _________ _____ Jenny.
belongs
to
5. （2021·西宁）机会属于那些有充分准备的人。
Chances _________ _____ those people who are well prepared.
belong
to
考点3 归纳protect的用法
protect为及物动词，意为“保护，防护”，后接名词或代词作宾语。其名词形式为protection，用作不可数名词，意为“保护;保卫”。protect的常见用法有：protect sb./sth.against/from （doing） sth.保护、防护某人/某物免受……的伤害。如：
It is my duty to protect my sisters.保护姐妹是我的责任。
Many stars try to protect their children from being known by the public.很多明星尽力保护他们的孩子不被公众知道。
拓展
“阻止某人做某事；阻止某事发生”的结构还有：stop/prevent sb.（from） doing sth.；keep sb.from doing sth.。如：
The heavy rain kept us from arriving on time. 大雨使我们无法准时到达。
【活学活用】
6. What should we do to protect ourselves _________ the flood （盲填）
against
7. We should try our best to protect these animals from _________（get） hurt by humans.
getting
考点4 辨析achieve与come true
辨析 意义及用法 例句
achieve 及物动词，意为“（通过努力）实现；取得；获取；达到（梦想、成绩、成功、目的等）”，主语一般是人。 She has achieved her dream.她实现了她的梦想。
come true 不及物动词短语，意为“实现”，主语是物，指“梦想、蓝图、计划”等。也可放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。 He makes his dreams come true．他使他的梦想实现了。
一言辨异
To make our dreams come true,we should set goals and then try our best to achieve them. 为了让梦想成为现实，我们应该设定目标，然后努力去实现它们。
拓展
realize作及物动词，意为“实现”时，可与achieve互换。
【活学活用】
8. （2021·烟台改编）能否实现梦想取决于你的努力程度。
Whether your dream can _______ ______ or not depends on how hard you work.
come
true
9. （2021·黄石改编）这三年里你们取得了多么大的进步啊！
_______ great progress you have __________ in the past three years!
What
achieved
考点5 辨析include与including
辨析 意义及用法
include 动词，意为“包括;包含”，后面可接名词或动名词。
including 介词，意为“包括;包含”，位于所说明的名词或代词之前。
如：Our duties include sending and receiving letters.我们的职责包括收发信件。
There are forty people in the hall,including the teacher.包括老师在内，大厅里共有40人。
【活学活用】
10. This classic __________（include） six parts in total,and the fourth one is the most wonderful.
includes
11. （2021·天水）We’ve got 3-day holiday ___________（include） New Year’s Day.
including
考点6 归纳succeed的用法
succeed意为“实现目标；成功”，为不及物动词。常见用法有：succeed in （doing） sth.成功（做）某事。如：
I believe our plan will succeed.我相信我们的计划会成功的。
He succeeded in saving the boy’s life.他成功地挽救了那个男孩的生命。
拓展
succeed的名词形式为success，意为“成功”；形容词形式为successful，意为“获得成功的，有成就的”；副词形式为successfully，意为“成功地”。
【活学活用】
succeed,success,successful,successfully
12. （2021·达州改编）If you want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan,hard work is the key to _________.
success
13. （2021·抚顺改编）Learn wisely,and you will be a ___________ learner.
successful
14. （2021·十堰改编）—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting.
—Don’t worry.I will support you,even if you don’t _________.
succeed
15. （2021·恩施州）China’s first Mars rover,Zhurong（“祝融号”火星车）,reached Mars _____________ on May 15th,2021.
successfully
考点7归纳weigh的用法
如：He weighed the fish.他称了这条鱼。
How much does your dog weigh 你的狗多重
My mother is trying to lose weight.我妈妈正在设法减肥。
【活学活用】
weigh,weight
16. Our computer _________ 5 pounds and costs about $2,000.
weighs
17. Larry has put on too much _________ because of his unbalanced diet.
weight
18. （2020·常州）Surprisingly,my 12-year-old daughter is worried about her _________（weigh）.
weight
综合能力提升
一、语篇填空
第一节
（全球幸福指数最高的国家——芬兰）
main,challenge,but,four,happy,follow,drop,country,able,this
Who doesn’t need some happy news these days On March 20,2021,the United Nation’s International Day of Happiness,the results of the 2021 World Happiness Report were announced.
For the 1.________ year in a row,Finland has been named the happiest country in the world.Iceland has come in second, 2.________ by Denmark,Switzerland and the Netherlands.While the United States moved up from 18th to 14th place,the United Kingdom 3.__________ from 13th to 18th.
followed
dropped
fourth
Of the 149 4.__________ listed in the report,Afghanistan has once again been ranked the most unhappy.Those at the bottom of the list were 5._________ underdeveloped（不发达的） countries.Issues such as political and military conflicts are widespread in 6._______ nations.
countries
mainly
these
Started in 2012,the World Happiness Report is an annual（年度的） survey conducted by the UN to rank global 7.___________ in countries around the world.Typically,the ranking is based on data from the Gallup World Poll（盖洛普世界民意调查）.8.______ this year it was a bit different.Since the researchers were 9.________ to do face-to-face interviews in a number of countries,they focused on the relationship between well-being and COVID-19 in order to rank the countries.
happiness
But
unable
“This has been a very 10.____________ year.But the early data also shows some positive signs in feelings of social connection,”says Professor Lara Aknin of Simon Fraser University.
challenging
第二节
（纽约哈德逊河上浮起一座世外桃源）
The “Little Island”,a new public park in New York City,is now open to the public.It offers a piece of brand-new（崭新的） land above the Hudson River.
The land is like a leaf floating on water.It rises 11._____ falls as the river’s water level changes.It is held up by 280 piles 12.____________ were made to look like tulips（郁金香）.Instead of hiding these piles,the designer wanted to make them one of the highlights of the park.The park looks beautiful 13._______ more than 350 different kinds of flowers,trees,grasses and shrubs（灌木） in it.
Performances and events will 14._____ held on the island six days a week.Most of them will be free or cost little money to attend.
The “Little Island” is sure 15._____ bring people back outside to enjoy the city’s public spaces again!
be
to
or
that/which
with
A:Hello,this is Bill.1.___________________________________________
B:This is Jack speaking.
A:Jack,what are you doing at home
B:I’m reading a book called The Power of Habit.It is a meaningful book.I suggest you read it in your spare time.
二、补全对话（2021·安阳一模）
May I speak to Jack/Could I speak to Jack/…
A:Oh,sounds great.2.____________________________？
B:No,I borrowed it from our school library.By the way,what are you doing
A:3._________________________________________.You know I have kept a dog for one month.
B:Why do you like keeping a dog In my opinion,caring for pets can be expensive and troublesome.
I’m feeding/walking/playing with my dog/…
Did you buy it/Is it yours/…
A:4.___________________________________________.Would you like to come to my home and play with it tomorrow You are sure to like it.
B:5.________________________________.I can’t wait to do that!
Sure/Of course/Yes,I’d love to/…
Dogs are cute/Dogs can bring us much fun/…