【课后练习】Unit 5 A delicate world Period 2（含答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 A delicate world
Period 2
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．I think it no good (do) too many things for children.
2．Although it isn't allowed to set off fireworks, people still think it necessary____ (celebrate) the Spring Festival warmly.
3．I find it interesting (learn) English.
4．I don't feel it difficult (understand) the Special English.
5．All these noises made it impossible for me (go) on with the work.
6．Do you consider it any good (try) again
维度二 固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词)
1．I think necessary for us to learn English well.
2．I used to feel it a terrible thing my mother should have to do the housework endlessly.
3．Our success depended on it every team member played their own part well.
4．We have made clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.
5．I would appreciate if you could give me a hand with my work tomorrow.
6．Why don't you bring it to his attention you're too ill to work on
7．I see to that she goes to school on time.
8．I hate it some one came in without knocking the door.
9．I can't answer for it he is honest.
10．Don't take for granted that your parents should do everything for you.
维度三 句型转换
1．Mike thinks that it is his duty to do something for the people in need of help.
→Mike for the people in need of help.
2．All the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. We owe it to Mrs. Lee.
→We in this kindergarten.
3．Many people think that it is important for students to learn a foreign language well.
→Many people a foreign language well.
4．I still believe that it is necessary that you should pay a visit to your school friends.
→I still a visit to your school friends.
5．You won't catch me doing that again. I have made it known to you.
→I _ you won't catch me doing that again.
维度四 书法与写作
请临摹之后再利用课余时间背诵。
提醒：①每个字母圆润饱满，压线书写；②宜用0.5或0.7 mm中性笔。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. It's hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121，000 particles each year.
Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body, as well as their impact on human health.
Hoping to fill in some of these gaps, a research team led by Kieran Cox, a PhD candidate at the University of Victoria, looked at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, among which are seafood, sugars, salts, honey, alcohol and water. The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation (吸入) using previously reported data on microplastic concentrations in the air and the Environmental Protection Agency's reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39，000 to 52，000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken into account, the range jumps to between 74，000 and 121，000 particles per year.
The authors of the study found that people who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90，000 microplastics each year, compared to 4，000 among those who only consume tap water. “This shows that small decisions, over the course of a year, really matter and have an impact，” Cox says. The new study, according to its authors, was the first to investigate “the accumulative human exposure” to microplastics. But in all likelihood, the research tells only a small part of the entire story. Collectively, the food and drink that the researchers analyzed represent 15 percent of Americans' caloric intake. The team could not account for food groups like fruits, vegetables and grains because there simply is not enough data on their microplastic content.
For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting down bottled water is a good place to start. But to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing and using so much plastic.
1．What makes it difficult to know microplastics commonly exist in the human body
A．The quality. B．The quantity.
C．The shape. D．The size.
2．How did Kieran Cox's team calculate the potential consumption of microplastics
A．By studying papers.
B．By comparing the impacts.
C．By analyzing the data.
D．By conducting experiments.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Drinking less plastic bottled water helps to take in fewer microplastics.
B．The study is among the earliest to investigate human exposure to microplastics.
C．Cox's team gained comprehensive information of microplastics taken in by humans.
D．People consume 74，000 to 121，000 particles of microplastics per year from food and drink.
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Potential Problems of Microplastics
B．Microplastics Coming from Various Sources
C．Microplastics Found Within Human Bodies
D．The Impact of Microplastics on Human Health
B
Captured (捕获的) carbon dioxide(CO2) could be used to extract(提炼) useful metals(金属) from recycled technology such as smartphone batteries rather than just being buried underground. The technique could help make it more economical to capture the greenhouse gas before it enters the atmosphere.
“If you also extract metals by filling CO2, you add value to a process that is known to be costly，” says Julien Leclaire at the University of Lyon, France.
CO2 is the main cause of modern climate change, so many people have attempted to develop technologies to capture it when it comes from power plants and other major sources. The gas can then be stored underground. The problem is that such carbon capture and storage (CCS) is expensive. “No one wants to pay the price for it，” says Leclaire.
To make CCS more appealing, Leclaire's team has found a use for the gas.
His team collected CO2 from a car gas, cooled it, then pumped it into a mix of chemicals. The CO2 combined with the mix to make many molecules (分子) of various shapes and sizes.
The team found that this process could sort out mixtures of metals, because one metal would dissolve (溶解) in the liquid while another would form a solid. In a series of experiments, they successfully separated three kinds of metals—all of which are used in batteries, smartphones and computers.
If the process can be widely used, it could be a more environmentally friendly way to recycle batteries and other electrical equipment, says Leclaire. This is normally done using highly reactive chemicals, which are potentially polluting. Replacing them with CO2 should lead to a much lower environmental pollution, he says.
Other researchers and companies are trying to change captured CO2 into useful materials like plastics, which are normally produced from petrol, but this is chemically difficult. Leclaire says his approach is more in line with how CO2 behaves naturally. “Instead of copying what we know how to do better and cheaper with oil, let's find things you can only do with CO2，” he says.
5．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Extracting useful metals from recycled technology is widely used now.
B．Useful metals in the atmosphere are used to make smartphone batteries.
C．Abandoned smartphone batteries may have been buried underground before.
D．The greenhouse gas CO2 could be cleaned up after entering the atmosphere.
6．Why are many people attempting to capture CO2
A．CO2 is the main cause of modern climate change.
B．CO2 can be used to recycle many resources.
C．Captured CO2 can be changed to useful gas.
D．CO2 is harmful to people's health.
7．What benefit could Leclaire's team's approach bring
A．It could end the use of plastics.
B．It could reduce environmental pollution.
C．It could make more metals available to humans.
D．It could help reduce the cost of battery production.
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Ways to Make Smartphone Batteries
B．The Reason for Capturing Greenhouse Gas
C．Collecting CO2 Is Starting to Make New Progress
D．Captured CO2 Could Be Used to Help Recycle Useful Metals
Ⅱ.七选五
Not only do smart phones provide unlimited access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask (doing two unrelated things at the same time). Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick improper time to text and lawmakers have stepped in. 1.________ In Hawaii, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.
2．________ So you need learn to self control. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.
Twenty states have bans on driving using a hand held phone while still allowing hands free calls. Yet hands free or hand held makes no difference. 3.________ The real problem is the switch (切换) of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.
People sense this and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident and think these measures reduce risks. 4.________ Everyone knows texting behind the wheel is dangerous, but listening to music or chatting with a passenger seems so undemanding as to be. Yet both measurably affect driving.
People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. 5.________ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention to how much—or how little—they are paying attention.
A．They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.
B．But legislation(法律)won't ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.
C．Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.
D．They damage driving process equivalently as far as external (外部的) dangers go.
E．However, texting while biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.
F．Forty eight states have banned texting while driving.
G．This confidence is especially understandable for very simple tasks.
Ⅲ.语法填空
As the coronavirus (冠状病毒) outbreak continues, many Americans are fearful of 1.____________ (use) public transportation. They also are looking for ways 2.____________(get) exercise without having to go to a gym, as well as ways to enjoy the outdoors. So, it may not be 3.____________ (surprise) that the pandemic (流行病) has led to a major increase in bicycle sales.
In the United States, bicycles at big stores like Walmart have sold out. And small bicycle stores cannot keep up 4.____________ demand for “family style” bicycles：the low cost, easy to ride models. The bicycle industry is seeing its biggest sales increase since the oil crisis of the 1970s, said Jay Townley, 5.____________ industry expert.“People...have panicked，” Townley said. He 6.____________ (compare) the sale of bicycles to the rush to buy products like toilet paper at the start of the pandemic.
The rise in bicycle sales is not happening just in the United States. Cities like Manila in the Philippines and Rome, Italy have created bicycle paths for the growing number of people 7.____________ want to avoid public transportation. In London, city 8.____________ (official) plan to ban cars from some central roads.
Bike shop owners in Manila say demand is even 9.____________(strong) than what they see at Christmas time. In Italy, the government's economic support plan included a 500 euro payment to help with the cost of a bicycle.
Of course, you can only buy a bicycle if you can find a bicycle. In the U．S., the shortages now mean 10.____________ may take many months to get one.
参考答案与解析
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1.doing
2.to_celebrate
3.to_learn
4.to_understand
5.to_go
6.trying
维度二 固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1.it
2.that
3.that
4.it
5.it
6.that
7.it
8.when
9.that
10.it
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.thinks_it__his_duty_to_do_something
2.owe_it_to_Mrs._Lee_that_all_the_children_are_well_taken_care_of
3.think_it_important_for_students_to_learn
4.believe_it_necessary_for_you_to_pay
5.have_made_it_known__to_you_that
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。
1.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，微塑料颗粒的长度在50到500微米之间，有多种来源，包括可以分解成越来越小的碎片的较大塑料，因此，关于这些物质在人体的普遍存在还有很多未知之处。由此可知，微塑料颗粒的大小让我们很难知道它们普遍存在于人体中。故选D。
2.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics...via food and drink ranges from 39，000 to 52，000 particles.”可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组还利用先前报告的空气中微塑性物质浓度数据和环境保护署报告的呼吸速率，评估了吸入过程中微塑料的潜在消耗量，根据这些数据，研究人员计算出，我们通过食品和饮料每年消耗的微塑料颗粒从39 000到52 000不等。由此可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组是通过分析数据来计算微塑料的潜在消耗量的。故选C。
3.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The authors of the study found...who only consume tap water.”可知，这项研究的作者发现，那些只喝塑料瓶装水的人每年会摄入90 000个微塑料颗粒，而那些只喝自来水的人每年摄入4 000个微塑料颗粒。由此可知，少喝塑料瓶装水有助于减少微塑料的摄入。故选A。
4.C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在，在人类身上也发现这些微小的碎片并不奇怪，而一项新的研究表明，美国人每年消耗的微塑料颗粒多达12.1万个。由此可知，本文主要介绍的是研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。故选C。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了法国里昂大学的朱利安·勒克莱尔和他的团队发现了捕捉到的二氧化碳的一个用处——区分金属混合物，这使得回收电池和其他电器设备更环保，大大降低环境污染。
5.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Captured carbon dioxide(CO2)...being buried underground. ”可知，捕获的二氧化碳可以从回收技术中提炼有用的金属，比如智能手机电池，而不仅仅是把电池埋在地下。由此可知，废弃的智能手机电池以前可能被埋在地下。故选C。
6.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CO2 is the main cause of...other major sources.”可知，二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因，所以很多人都试图开发技术来捕捉来自发电厂和其他主要来源的二氧化碳。由此可知，很多人试图捕获二氧化碳，因为二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因。故选A。
7.B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This is normally done...lower environmental pollution, he says.”可知，这通常是使用高度活性的化学物质，这是潜在的污染他说，用二氧化碳取代它们应该会大大降低环境污染。由此可知，勒克莱尔团队的方法可以减少环境污染。故选B。
8.D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了法国里昂大学的朱利安·勒克莱尔和他的团队发现了捕捉到的二氧化碳的一个用处——区分金属混合物，这使得回收电池和其他电器设备更环保，大大降低环境污染。因此本文的最佳标题是选项D“捕获的二氧化碳可以用来帮助回收有用的金属”。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开车时一心多用的危害是很大的。
1．F 解析：根据下文“In Hawaii, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.”可知，在夏威夷，过马路时发短信，甚至看手机都是违法的，而在荷兰，他们禁止骑车时发短信。由此可知，空白处应该会提到禁止在驾车或骑车时使用手机的情况。选项F“Forty eight states have banned texting while driving.(四十八个州禁止开车时发短信)”符合文意。故选F。
2．B 解析：根据下文“So you need learn to self control. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.”可知，你需要学会自我控制，而了解大脑是如何进行多任务处理的，以及为什么我们觉得多任务处理如此吸引人，将有助于你意识到掏出手机的危险。由此可知，空白处讲述要想避免一心多用，不能只靠法律的约束。选项B“But legislation won't ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.(但是立法不会禁止所有不明智的一心多用的情况)”符合文意。故选B。
3．D 解析：根据上文“Twenty states have bans on driving using a hand held phone while still allowing hands free calls. Yet hands free or hand held makes no difference.”可知，二十个州已经禁止开车时使用手持电话，但仍然允许免提通话， 但无论是免提还是手提都没什么区别。由此可知，空白处讲述的是免提电话也会对驾驶造成危害。选项D“They damage driving process equivalently as far as external dangers go.(它们对驾驶过程的破坏和外部危险一样大)”符合题意。故选D。
4．G 解析：根据上文“People sense this and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident and think these measures reduce risks.”可知，人们在打电话的时候会减慢车速，增加跟车距离，但他们过于自信，认为这些措施可以降低风险。由此可知，空白处要陈述的是这个自信是建立在什么事情上的。选项G“This confidence is especially understandable for very simple tasks.(对于非常简单的任务，这种自信尤其容易理解)”符合文意。故选G。
5．A 解析：根据上文“People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits.”可知，人们一心多用仅仅是因为他们看不到其中的害处，而是看到了利益。由此可知，空白处讲述的是一心多用给人们带来了哪些好处。选项A“They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.(他们一心多用是为了效率，为了打发无聊，或者为了跟上社交媒体的步伐)”符合文意。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受新冠病毒的影响，许多人想通过购买自行车来避免乘坐交通工具，从而导致了自行车销量暴增，各国政府部门也做出了相应的对策。
1．using 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冠状病毒的持续爆发，许多美国人害怕使用公共交通工具。空前的of是介词，所以此处应填use的动词 ing形式作宾语。故填using。
2．to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也在寻找不用去健身房就能锻炼身体的方法，以及享受户外活动的方法。way意为“方式、方法”时，后面接动词不定式作定语；后文的ways to enjoy也可以判断出此处应填不定式形式。故填to get。
3．surprising 解析：考查形容词。句意：因此，这一流行病导致自行车销量大幅增长也就不足为奇了。分析句子成分可知，该句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；又从句作主语，指的是“一件事”，所以主句的表语应填“令人惊讶的”。故填surprising。
4．with 解析：考查介词。句意：小型自行车商店也无法满足人们对“家庭式”自行车的需求。固定短语keep up with 意为“赶得上”。故填with。
5．an 解析：考查不定冠词。句意：一位自行车行业的专家杰·汤利表示，这是自20世纪70年代石油危机以来，自行车行业销量增幅最大的一次。分析句子成分可知，______ industry expert为Jay Townley的同位语，杰·汤利是一位行业专家，故应填不定冠词，又因为industry的第一个音节是元音，故填an。
6．compared 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：他将自行车的销售比作这个病流行之初人们争相购买卫生纸等产品。根据前面的Townley said.可知，此处应该用compare的一般过去时形式。故填compared。
7．who/that 解析：考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：菲律宾的马尼拉和意大利的罗马等城市已经为越来越多不想乘坐公共交通的人修建了自行车道。分析句子成分可知，“______ want to avoid public transportation”是定语从句，其先行词为people，先行词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
8．officials 解析：考查名词。句意：在伦敦，市政官员计划在一些中心道路上禁止汽车通行。分析句子成分可知，该空需填入名词作主语，根据提示，official作名词，意为“官员”，是可数名词，后面的plan用了原形，所以此处official应该为复数形式。故填officials。
9．stronger 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：马尼拉的自行车店主说，需求甚至比他们在圣诞节看到的还要强劲。根据空前的even和空后的than可知，此处应该填strong的比较级形式。故填stronger。
10．it 解析：考查代词。句意：在美国，目前的短缺意味着可能需要好几个月才能买到一辆。分析句子成分可知，“______ may take many months to get one(获得一辆自行车可能需要几个月)”是宾语从句，作mean的宾语。通过分析句意可知，在这个从句中真正的主语是to get one，而该空只是形式宾语。这个宾语从句的引导词that在从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义，是可以省略的。故填it。
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Unit 5 A delicate world
Period 2
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．I think it no good (do) too many things for children.
2．Although it isn't allowed to set off fireworks, people still think it necessary____ (celebrate) the Spring Festival warmly.
3．I find it interesting (learn) English.
4．I don't feel it difficult (understand) the Special English.
5．All these noises made it impossible for me (go) on with the work.
6．Do you consider it any good (try) again
维度二 固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词)
1．I think necessary for us to learn English well.
2．I used to feel it a terrible thing my mother should have to do the housework endlessly.
3．Our success depended on it every team member played their own part well.
4．We have made clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.
5．I would appreciate if you could give me a hand with my work tomorrow.
6．Why don't you bring it to his attention you're too ill to work on
7．I see to that she goes to school on time.
8．I hate it some one came in without knocking the door.
9．I can't answer for it he is honest.
10．Don't take for granted that your parents should do everything for you.
维度三 句型转换
1．Mike thinks that it is his duty to do something for the people in need of help.
→Mike for the people in need of help.
2．All the children are well taken care of in this kindergarten. We owe it to Mrs. Lee.
→We in this kindergarten.
3．Many people think that it is important for students to learn a foreign language well.
→Many people a foreign language well.
4．I still believe that it is necessary that you should pay a visit to your school friends.
→I still a visit to your school friends.
5．You won't catch me doing that again. I have made it known to you.
→I _ you won't catch me doing that again.
维度四 书法与写作
请临摹之后再利用课余时间背诵。
提醒：①每个字母圆润饱满，压线书写；②宜用0.5或0.7 mm中性笔。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. It's hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that Americans are consuming as many as 121，000 particles each year.
Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body, as well as their impact on human health.
Hoping to fill in some of these gaps, a research team led by Kieran Cox, a PhD candidate at the University of Victoria, looked at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, among which are seafood, sugars, salts, honey, alcohol and water. The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation (吸入) using previously reported data on microplastic concentrations in the air and the Environmental Protection Agency's reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39，000 to 52，000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken into account, the range jumps to between 74，000 and 121，000 particles per year.
The authors of the study found that people who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90，000 microplastics each year, compared to 4，000 among those who only consume tap water. “This shows that small decisions, over the course of a year, really matter and have an impact，” Cox says. The new study, according to its authors, was the first to investigate “the accumulative human exposure” to microplastics. But in all likelihood, the research tells only a small part of the entire story. Collectively, the food and drink that the researchers analyzed represent 15 percent of Americans' caloric intake. The team could not account for food groups like fruits, vegetables and grains because there simply is not enough data on their microplastic content.
For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting down bottled water is a good place to start. But to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing and using so much plastic.
1．What makes it difficult to know microplastics commonly exist in the human body
A．The quality. B．The quantity.
C．The shape. D．The size.
2．How did Kieran Cox's team calculate the potential consumption of microplastics
A．By studying papers.
B．By comparing the impacts.
C．By analyzing the data.
D．By conducting experiments.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Drinking less plastic bottled water helps to take in fewer microplastics.
B．The study is among the earliest to investigate human exposure to microplastics.
C．Cox's team gained comprehensive information of microplastics taken in by humans.
D．People consume 74，000 to 121，000 particles of microplastics per year from food and drink.
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Potential Problems of Microplastics
B．Microplastics Coming from Various Sources
C．Microplastics Found Within Human Bodies
D．The Impact of Microplastics on Human Health
B
Captured (捕获的) carbon dioxide(CO2) could be used to extract(提炼) useful metals(金属) from recycled technology such as smartphone batteries rather than just being buried underground. The technique could help make it more economical to capture the greenhouse gas before it enters the atmosphere.
“If you also extract metals by filling CO2, you add value to a process that is known to be costly，” says Julien Leclaire at the University of Lyon, France.
CO2 is the main cause of modern climate change, so many people have attempted to develop technologies to capture it when it comes from power plants and other major sources. The gas can then be stored underground. The problem is that such carbon capture and storage (CCS) is expensive. “No one wants to pay the price for it，” says Leclaire.
To make CCS more appealing, Leclaire's team has found a use for the gas.
His team collected CO2 from a car gas, cooled it, then pumped it into a mix of chemicals. The CO2 combined with the mix to make many molecules (分子) of various shapes and sizes.
The team found that this process could sort out mixtures of metals, because one metal would dissolve (溶解) in the liquid while another would form a solid. In a series of experiments, they successfully separated three kinds of metals—all of which are used in batteries, smartphones and computers.
If the process can be widely used, it could be a more environmentally friendly way to recycle batteries and other electrical equipment, says Leclaire. This is normally done using highly reactive chemicals, which are potentially polluting. Replacing them with CO2 should lead to a much lower environmental pollution, he says.
Other researchers and companies are trying to change captured CO2 into useful materials like plastics, which are normally produced from petrol, but this is chemically difficult. Leclaire says his approach is more in line with how CO2 behaves naturally. “Instead of copying what we know how to do better and cheaper with oil, let's find things you can only do with CO2，” he says.
5．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Extracting useful metals from recycled technology is widely used now.
B．Useful metals in the atmosphere are used to make smartphone batteries.
C．Abandoned smartphone batteries may have been buried underground before.
D．The greenhouse gas CO2 could be cleaned up after entering the atmosphere.
6．Why are many people attempting to capture CO2
A．CO2 is the main cause of modern climate change.
B．CO2 can be used to recycle many resources.
C．Captured CO2 can be changed to useful gas.
D．CO2 is harmful to people's health.
7．What benefit could Leclaire's team's approach bring
A．It could end the use of plastics.
B．It could reduce environmental pollution.
C．It could make more metals available to humans.
D．It could help reduce the cost of battery production.
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Ways to Make Smartphone Batteries
B．The Reason for Capturing Greenhouse Gas
C．Collecting CO2 Is Starting to Make New Progress
D．Captured CO2 Could Be Used to Help Recycle Useful Metals
Ⅱ.七选五
Not only do smart phones provide unlimited access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask (doing two unrelated things at the same time). Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick improper time to text and lawmakers have stepped in. 1.________ In Hawaii, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.
2．________ So you need learn to self control. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.
Twenty states have bans on driving using a hand held phone while still allowing hands free calls. Yet hands free or hand held makes no difference. 3.________ The real problem is the switch (切换) of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.
People sense this and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident and think these measures reduce risks. 4.________ Everyone knows texting behind the wheel is dangerous, but listening to music or chatting with a passenger seems so undemanding as to be. Yet both measurably affect driving.
People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. 5.________ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention to how much—or how little—they are paying attention.
A．They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.
B．But legislation(法律)won't ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.
C．Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.
D．They damage driving process equivalently as far as external (外部的) dangers go.
E．However, texting while biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.
F．Forty eight states have banned texting while driving.
G．This confidence is especially understandable for very simple tasks.
Ⅲ.语法填空
As the coronavirus (冠状病毒) outbreak continues, many Americans are fearful of 1.____________ (use) public transportation. They also are looking for ways 2.____________(get) exercise without having to go to a gym, as well as ways to enjoy the outdoors. So, it may not be 3.____________ (surprise) that the pandemic (流行病) has led to a major increase in bicycle sales.
In the United States, bicycles at big stores like Walmart have sold out. And small bicycle stores cannot keep up 4.____________ demand for “family style” bicycles：the low cost, easy to ride models. The bicycle industry is seeing its biggest sales increase since the oil crisis of the 1970s, said Jay Townley, 5.____________ industry expert.“People...have panicked，” Townley said. He 6.____________ (compare) the sale of bicycles to the rush to buy products like toilet paper at the start of the pandemic.
The rise in bicycle sales is not happening just in the United States. Cities like Manila in the Philippines and Rome, Italy have created bicycle paths for the growing number of people 7.____________ want to avoid public transportation. In London, city 8.____________ (official) plan to ban cars from some central roads.
Bike shop owners in Manila say demand is even 9.____________(strong) than what they see at Christmas time. In Italy, the government's economic support plan included a 500 euro payment to help with the cost of a bicycle.
Of course, you can only buy a bicycle if you can find a bicycle. In the U．S., the shortages now mean 10.____________ may take many months to get one.
参考答案与解析
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1.doing
2.to_celebrate
3.to_learn
4.to_understand
5.to_go
6.trying
维度二 固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1.it
2.that
3.that
4.it
5.it
6.that
7.it
8.when
9.that
10.it
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1.thinks_it__his_duty_to_do_something
2.owe_it_to_Mrs._Lee_that_all_the_children_are_well_taken_care_of
3.think_it_important_for_students_to_learn
4.believe_it_necessary_for_you_to_pay
5.have_made_it_known__to_you_that
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。
1.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，微塑料颗粒的长度在50到500微米之间，有多种来源，包括可以分解成越来越小的碎片的较大塑料，因此，关于这些物质在人体的普遍存在还有很多未知之处。由此可知，微塑料颗粒的大小让我们很难知道它们普遍存在于人体中。故选D。
2.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics...via food and drink ranges from 39，000 to 52，000 particles.”可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组还利用先前报告的空气中微塑性物质浓度数据和环境保护署报告的呼吸速率，评估了吸入过程中微塑料的潜在消耗量，根据这些数据，研究人员计算出，我们通过食品和饮料每年消耗的微塑料颗粒从39 000到52 000不等。由此可知，基兰·考克斯的研究小组是通过分析数据来计算微塑料的潜在消耗量的。故选C。
3.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The authors of the study found...who only consume tap water.”可知，这项研究的作者发现，那些只喝塑料瓶装水的人每年会摄入90 000个微塑料颗粒，而那些只喝自来水的人每年摄入4 000个微塑料颗粒。由此可知，少喝塑料瓶装水有助于减少微塑料的摄入。故选A。
4.C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在，在人类身上也发现这些微小的碎片并不奇怪，而一项新的研究表明，美国人每年消耗的微塑料颗粒多达12.1万个。由此可知，本文主要介绍的是研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。故选C。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了法国里昂大学的朱利安·勒克莱尔和他的团队发现了捕捉到的二氧化碳的一个用处——区分金属混合物，这使得回收电池和其他电器设备更环保，大大降低环境污染。
5.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Captured carbon dioxide(CO2)...being buried underground. ”可知，捕获的二氧化碳可以从回收技术中提炼有用的金属，比如智能手机电池，而不仅仅是把电池埋在地下。由此可知，废弃的智能手机电池以前可能被埋在地下。故选C。
6.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CO2 is the main cause of...other major sources.”可知，二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因，所以很多人都试图开发技术来捕捉来自发电厂和其他主要来源的二氧化碳。由此可知，很多人试图捕获二氧化碳，因为二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因。故选A。
7.B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This is normally done...lower environmental pollution, he says.”可知，这通常是使用高度活性的化学物质，这是潜在的污染他说，用二氧化碳取代它们应该会大大降低环境污染。由此可知，勒克莱尔团队的方法可以减少环境污染。故选B。
8.D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了法国里昂大学的朱利安·勒克莱尔和他的团队发现了捕捉到的二氧化碳的一个用处——区分金属混合物，这使得回收电池和其他电器设备更环保，大大降低环境污染。因此本文的最佳标题是选项D“捕获的二氧化碳可以用来帮助回收有用的金属”。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开车时一心多用的危害是很大的。
1．F 解析：根据下文“In Hawaii, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.”可知，在夏威夷，过马路时发短信，甚至看手机都是违法的，而在荷兰，他们禁止骑车时发短信。由此可知，空白处应该会提到禁止在驾车或骑车时使用手机的情况。选项F“Forty eight states have banned texting while driving.(四十八个州禁止开车时发短信)”符合文意。故选F。
2．B 解析：根据下文“So you need learn to self control. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.”可知，你需要学会自我控制，而了解大脑是如何进行多任务处理的，以及为什么我们觉得多任务处理如此吸引人，将有助于你意识到掏出手机的危险。由此可知，空白处讲述要想避免一心多用，不能只靠法律的约束。选项B“But legislation won't ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.(但是立法不会禁止所有不明智的一心多用的情况)”符合文意。故选B。
3．D 解析：根据上文“Twenty states have bans on driving using a hand held phone while still allowing hands free calls. Yet hands free or hand held makes no difference.”可知，二十个州已经禁止开车时使用手持电话，但仍然允许免提通话， 但无论是免提还是手提都没什么区别。由此可知，空白处讲述的是免提电话也会对驾驶造成危害。选项D“They damage driving process equivalently as far as external dangers go.(它们对驾驶过程的破坏和外部危险一样大)”符合题意。故选D。
4．G 解析：根据上文“People sense this and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident and think these measures reduce risks.”可知，人们在打电话的时候会减慢车速，增加跟车距离，但他们过于自信，认为这些措施可以降低风险。由此可知，空白处要陈述的是这个自信是建立在什么事情上的。选项G“This confidence is especially understandable for very simple tasks.(对于非常简单的任务，这种自信尤其容易理解)”符合文意。故选G。
5．A 解析：根据上文“People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits.”可知，人们一心多用仅仅是因为他们看不到其中的害处，而是看到了利益。由此可知，空白处讲述的是一心多用给人们带来了哪些好处。选项A“They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.(他们一心多用是为了效率，为了打发无聊，或者为了跟上社交媒体的步伐)”符合文意。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受新冠病毒的影响，许多人想通过购买自行车来避免乘坐交通工具，从而导致了自行车销量暴增，各国政府部门也做出了相应的对策。
1．using 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冠状病毒的持续爆发，许多美国人害怕使用公共交通工具。空前的of是介词，所以此处应填use的动词 ing形式作宾语。故填using。
2．to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也在寻找不用去健身房就能锻炼身体的方法，以及享受户外活动的方法。way意为“方式、方法”时，后面接动词不定式作定语；后文的ways to enjoy也可以判断出此处应填不定式形式。故填to get。
3．surprising 解析：考查形容词。句意：因此，这一流行病导致自行车销量大幅增长也就不足为奇了。分析句子成分可知，该句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；又从句作主语，指的是“一件事”，所以主句的表语应填“令人惊讶的”。故填surprising。
4．with 解析：考查介词。句意：小型自行车商店也无法满足人们对“家庭式”自行车的需求。固定短语keep up with 意为“赶得上”。故填with。
5．an 解析：考查不定冠词。句意：一位自行车行业的专家杰·汤利表示，这是自20世纪70年代石油危机以来，自行车行业销量增幅最大的一次。分析句子成分可知，______ industry expert为Jay Townley的同位语，杰·汤利是一位行业专家，故应填不定冠词，又因为industry的第一个音节是元音，故填an。
6．compared 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：他将自行车的销售比作这个病流行之初人们争相购买卫生纸等产品。根据前面的Townley said.可知，此处应该用compare的一般过去时形式。故填compared。
7．who/that 解析：考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：菲律宾的马尼拉和意大利的罗马等城市已经为越来越多不想乘坐公共交通的人修建了自行车道。分析句子成分可知，“______ want to avoid public transportation”是定语从句，其先行词为people，先行词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
8．officials 解析：考查名词。句意：在伦敦，市政官员计划在一些中心道路上禁止汽车通行。分析句子成分可知，该空需填入名词作主语，根据提示，official作名词，意为“官员”，是可数名词，后面的plan用了原形，所以此处official应该为复数形式。故填officials。
9．stronger 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：马尼拉的自行车店主说，需求甚至比他们在圣诞节看到的还要强劲。根据空前的even和空后的than可知，此处应该填strong的比较级形式。故填stronger。
10．it 解析：考查代词。句意：在美国，目前的短缺意味着可能需要好几个月才能买到一辆。分析句子成分可知，“______ may take many months to get one(获得一辆自行车可能需要几个月)”是宾语从句，作mean的宾语。通过分析句意可知，在这个从句中真正的主语是to get one，而该空只是形式宾语。这个宾语从句的引导词that在从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义，是可以省略的。故填it。
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