外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics Understanding ideas课后检测练（含答案和解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics Understanding ideas课后检测练（含答案和解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-01-27 13:13:21 | ||
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Unit 4 Everyday economics——Understanding ideas
一、单句语法填空
1．We don't know ______ she will come to our party.
2．The reason _____ he felt worried was that the final exam was coming.
3．It is developing at _____ a speed that no one can imagine what it will be like in the future.
4．The couple experienced damage _____ their properties while renting out their house.
5．Sharing encourages us to reuse items，thus cutting _____on waste.
二、完形填空
Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would promote science, most are 1 to post the results of their own labours online.
Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository (库), and astronomers are accustomed to 2 images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the 3 , not the rule. Historically, scientists have 4 sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work, until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data, and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the 5 are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data 6 . Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to. “ 7 a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. ”Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products 8 and enable other researchers to discover and cite (引用)them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the 9 advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits including more connections with colleagues, improved 10 and increased citations. The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often—get noticed, and their work gets used. 11 , one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been 12 5700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of trees. “I’d much prefer to have my date used by the 13 number of people to as their own questions, ” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be 14 . ”
Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding 15 later on.
1. A. restricted B. reluctant
C. desperate D. generous
2. A. accessing B. processing
C. analyzing D. identifying
3. A. assumption B. mystery
C. exception D. phenomenon
4. A. longed for B. appealed to
C. focused on D. objected to
5. A. symptoms B. barriers
C. advantages D. consequences
6. A. controllable B. unique
C. reliable D. public
7. A. shift away from B. end up with
C. give rise to D. build
8. A. secret B. digitally C. ethically D. fairly
9. A. material B. individual
C. moral D. economic
10. A. visibility B. awareness
C. condition D. confidence
11. A. On the contrary B. As a result
C. For example D. After all
12. A. downloaded B. updated
C. optimized D. addressed
13. A. moderate B. maximum
C. average D. estimate
14. A. reversible B. profitable
C. reproducible D. recognizable
15. A. crisis B. confusion C. risk D. conflict
三、阅读填句
How to Start a Business
Unemployment rate is so high in present society that many young people are thinking about starting their own business. However, setting up on your own will by no means be easy. 1
Make a business plan.
If you decide to start a business, the first thing you must do is to draw up a realistic business plan—this is a working document that describes the business, its objectives, its financial forecasts and so on. 2
3
Once you have a detailed business plan and enough evidence to believe that your idea is viable(可行的), it is time to go and see the bank manager. It is important to shop around to find which bank offers the best deal and who you feel most comfortable with. Make sure what you’re getting is right for you and your business.
Develop a survival strategy.
4 One of the biggest stumbling blocks to people starting a business can be understanding all the legislation. That can be tax, employment, trade, health and safety or environment. It can be confusing if you have never run your own business.
Get yourself noticed.
In order to make your business a success, you must ensure that consumers know it exists. 5 For example, if you are running a local plumbing company, then delivering leaflets in your area would be the best option.
A. So it is really important to make a business plan.
B. The tips below may help you to start a business.
C. A bank would not consider lending money unless you show a detailed business plan.
D. Be sure to attract much attention.
E. Choosing how to advertise depends on the type of the business.
F. Get access to finance.
G. Make sure you are running your business correctly by the law.
答案和解析
一、单句语法填空
1.whether
2.why
3.such
4.to
5.down
二、完形填空
1.B。restricted限制的; reluctant不情愿的; desperate绝望的; generous慷慨的。根据前一句可知, 尽管许多研究者都同意, 但是他们大多数还是不愿意将自己的劳动成果公布在网上。故选B。
2.A。accessing接近, 使用; processing处理; analyzing分析; identifying确认。分析句子可知, 本句讲述天文学家可以直接使用这个望远镜观测的图像。故选A。
3.C。assumption假设; mystery谜; exception例外; phenomenon现象。根据本句not the rule可知, 这些情况都是例外。故选C。
4.D。longed for渴望; appealed to呼吁, 吸引; focused on关注; objected to反对。根据后文可知, 列举了很多科学家反对分享的原因。故选D。
5.B。symptoms症状; barriers障碍; advantages优势; consequences结果。根据后文可知, 期刊和资助机构正在鼓励科学家公开数据, 故障碍在消失。故选B。
6.D。controllable可控制的; unique唯一的; reliable可靠的; public公开的。根据文章可知, 此处指公开自己的数据。故选D。
7.A。shift away from转变; end up with以……结束; give rise to引起; build创建。根据文章可知, 研究的文化在发生改变。故选A。
8.B。secret秘密的; digitally数字地; ethically道德地; fairly相当。根据文章可知, 越来越多的研究成果以数字版本出版。故选B。
9.C。material材料; individual个人; moral道德的; economic经济的。根据文章可知, 本句主要讲述呼吁公开研究数据的道德原因。故选C。
10.A。visibility可见度; awareness意识; condition条件; confidence信心。分享文章可知, 本句讲述公开数据对个人的好处。故选A。
11.C。On the contrary相反; As a result因此; For example比如; After all毕竟。根据后文可知, 本句是前一句的举例说明。故选C。
12.A。downloaded下载; updated更新; optimized优化; addressed做演讲。根据文章可知, 本句讲述最受欢迎的数据下载次数。故选A。
13.B。moderate温和的; maximum最大的; average平均的; estimate估计。根据文章可知, 作者希望自己的数据能够帮助更多的人。故选B。
14.C。reversible可逆的; profitable可盈利的; reproducible可再生的; recognizable可认出的。公开数据和代码结果能让你的科学研究衍生。故选C。
15.B。crisis危机; confusion混淆; risk风险; conflict冲突。根据本句可知, 公布研究数据有助于让科研者更有条理, 经受训练以避免之后的困惑。故选B。
三、阅读填句
1. B。本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文中的建议。故选B项。
2. C。根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知下文肯定要说创业计划的重要性, C项“如果没有详细的创业计划, 银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意。故选C项。
3. F。根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知是要 “获得资金支援”。 故选F项。
4. G。根据下文“can be understanding all the legislation”可知G项“确保你是依法经营”符合题意。故选G项。
5. E。根据小标题可知, 这个段落是讲如何把自己宣传出去, 让消费者知道你的公司的存在。空后举了一个具体事例进行说明, 故选E项。
一、单句语法填空
1．We don't know ______ she will come to our party.
2．The reason _____ he felt worried was that the final exam was coming.
3．It is developing at _____ a speed that no one can imagine what it will be like in the future.
4．The couple experienced damage _____ their properties while renting out their house.
5．Sharing encourages us to reuse items，thus cutting _____on waste.
二、完形填空
Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would promote science, most are 1 to post the results of their own labours online.
Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository (库), and astronomers are accustomed to 2 images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the 3 , not the rule. Historically, scientists have 4 sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work, until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data, and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the 5 are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data 6 . Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to. “ 7 a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. ”Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products 8 and enable other researchers to discover and cite (引用)them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the 9 advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits including more connections with colleagues, improved 10 and increased citations. The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often—get noticed, and their work gets used. 11 , one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been 12 5700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of trees. “I’d much prefer to have my date used by the 13 number of people to as their own questions, ” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be 14 . ”
Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding 15 later on.
1. A. restricted B. reluctant
C. desperate D. generous
2. A. accessing B. processing
C. analyzing D. identifying
3. A. assumption B. mystery
C. exception D. phenomenon
4. A. longed for B. appealed to
C. focused on D. objected to
5. A. symptoms B. barriers
C. advantages D. consequences
6. A. controllable B. unique
C. reliable D. public
7. A. shift away from B. end up with
C. give rise to D. build
8. A. secret B. digitally C. ethically D. fairly
9. A. material B. individual
C. moral D. economic
10. A. visibility B. awareness
C. condition D. confidence
11. A. On the contrary B. As a result
C. For example D. After all
12. A. downloaded B. updated
C. optimized D. addressed
13. A. moderate B. maximum
C. average D. estimate
14. A. reversible B. profitable
C. reproducible D. recognizable
15. A. crisis B. confusion C. risk D. conflict
三、阅读填句
How to Start a Business
Unemployment rate is so high in present society that many young people are thinking about starting their own business. However, setting up on your own will by no means be easy. 1
Make a business plan.
If you decide to start a business, the first thing you must do is to draw up a realistic business plan—this is a working document that describes the business, its objectives, its financial forecasts and so on. 2
3
Once you have a detailed business plan and enough evidence to believe that your idea is viable(可行的), it is time to go and see the bank manager. It is important to shop around to find which bank offers the best deal and who you feel most comfortable with. Make sure what you’re getting is right for you and your business.
Develop a survival strategy.
4 One of the biggest stumbling blocks to people starting a business can be understanding all the legislation. That can be tax, employment, trade, health and safety or environment. It can be confusing if you have never run your own business.
Get yourself noticed.
In order to make your business a success, you must ensure that consumers know it exists. 5 For example, if you are running a local plumbing company, then delivering leaflets in your area would be the best option.
A. So it is really important to make a business plan.
B. The tips below may help you to start a business.
C. A bank would not consider lending money unless you show a detailed business plan.
D. Be sure to attract much attention.
E. Choosing how to advertise depends on the type of the business.
F. Get access to finance.
G. Make sure you are running your business correctly by the law.
答案和解析
一、单句语法填空
1.whether
2.why
3.such
4.to
5.down
二、完形填空
1.B。restricted限制的; reluctant不情愿的; desperate绝望的; generous慷慨的。根据前一句可知, 尽管许多研究者都同意, 但是他们大多数还是不愿意将自己的劳动成果公布在网上。故选B。
2.A。accessing接近, 使用; processing处理; analyzing分析; identifying确认。分析句子可知, 本句讲述天文学家可以直接使用这个望远镜观测的图像。故选A。
3.C。assumption假设; mystery谜; exception例外; phenomenon现象。根据本句not the rule可知, 这些情况都是例外。故选C。
4.D。longed for渴望; appealed to呼吁, 吸引; focused on关注; objected to反对。根据后文可知, 列举了很多科学家反对分享的原因。故选D。
5.B。symptoms症状; barriers障碍; advantages优势; consequences结果。根据后文可知, 期刊和资助机构正在鼓励科学家公开数据, 故障碍在消失。故选B。
6.D。controllable可控制的; unique唯一的; reliable可靠的; public公开的。根据文章可知, 此处指公开自己的数据。故选D。
7.A。shift away from转变; end up with以……结束; give rise to引起; build创建。根据文章可知, 研究的文化在发生改变。故选A。
8.B。secret秘密的; digitally数字地; ethically道德地; fairly相当。根据文章可知, 越来越多的研究成果以数字版本出版。故选B。
9.C。material材料; individual个人; moral道德的; economic经济的。根据文章可知, 本句主要讲述呼吁公开研究数据的道德原因。故选C。
10.A。visibility可见度; awareness意识; condition条件; confidence信心。分享文章可知, 本句讲述公开数据对个人的好处。故选A。
11.C。On the contrary相反; As a result因此; For example比如; After all毕竟。根据后文可知, 本句是前一句的举例说明。故选C。
12.A。downloaded下载; updated更新; optimized优化; addressed做演讲。根据文章可知, 本句讲述最受欢迎的数据下载次数。故选A。
13.B。moderate温和的; maximum最大的; average平均的; estimate估计。根据文章可知, 作者希望自己的数据能够帮助更多的人。故选B。
14.C。reversible可逆的; profitable可盈利的; reproducible可再生的; recognizable可认出的。公开数据和代码结果能让你的科学研究衍生。故选C。
15.B。crisis危机; confusion混淆; risk风险; conflict冲突。根据本句可知, 公布研究数据有助于让科研者更有条理, 经受训练以避免之后的困惑。故选B。
三、阅读填句
1. B。本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文中的建议。故选B项。
2. C。根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知下文肯定要说创业计划的重要性, C项“如果没有详细的创业计划, 银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意。故选C项。
3. F。根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知是要 “获得资金支援”。 故选F项。
4. G。根据下文“can be understanding all the legislation”可知G项“确保你是依法经营”符合题意。故选G项。
5. E。根据小标题可知, 这个段落是讲如何把自己宣传出去, 让消费者知道你的公司的存在。空后举了一个具体事例进行说明, 故选E项。