Unit2 Water
（培优提高卷）（教师版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择(共14分)
1．— Could you please tell me ________
— With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
if the scarf looked nice on me B．what’s the new product like
C．that this place is polluted D．how I can order a robot online
【标准答案】D
【详解详析】
句意：——请问你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人？——很乐意。请稍等。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，宾语从句必须是陈述语序，排除选项B；根据“Could you tell me”可知，此处应该是以if/whether或特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，不是以that引导的陈述句，排除选项C；此处could表语气委婉，不表过去时态，A选项不应该用一般过去时态。故选D。
2．—The product draws people's attention because of the ad.
—The ad ________ by me
A．create B．created C．is created D．was created
【标准答案】D
【详解详析】
句意：——这个产品因为广告而引起人们的注意。——这个广告是我做的。
考查被动语态。created创造，动词原形；created创造，creatd的过去式；is created被创造，用于主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时的被动语态的句子中；was created被创造，用于主语是第三人称单数的一般过去时的被动语态的句子中。结合选项可知，空格所在句的主语和creat之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，做广告是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
3．After the visitors arrived, the manager showed________ around the product exhibition room.
A．they B．their C．them D．themselves
【标准答案】C
【详解详析】
句意：参观者到达后，经理带他们参观了产品陈列室。
A. they他们（主格）；B. their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；C. them 他们（宾格）；D. themselves他们自己（反身代词），根据show sb around sp“带某人参观某地”，show是动词，后面要跟人称代词的宾格，故答案选C。
4．Jack’s car was broken and he had to make ________ way on foot.
A．he B．him C．himself D．his
【标准答案】D
【详解详析】
句意：杰克的车坏了，他不得不步行去。
考查代词辨析。he他；him他；himself他自己；his他的。make one’s way“前进”，故选D。
5．—Do you often use Baidu to search for information
—Yes. It’s one of ________ searching engines in China.
A．important B．more important C．the most important D．most important
【标准答案】C
【详解详析】
句意：——你经常使用百度来搜索信息吗？——是的。它是中国最重要的流行搜索引擎之一。
考查形容词的最高级。important重要的，形容词原级；more important更重要的，形容词比较级；the most important最重要的，形容词最高级；most important最重要的，形容词最高级，最高级前面一般需要加定冠词the。“one of the+最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，因此这里应填形容词的最高级形式，important是多音节词，其最高级需要在前面加most，且形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the，故选C。
6．—________ is the population of China
—It’s more than 1.4 billion.
A．How much B．How many C．What D．Which
【标准答案】C
【详解详析】
句意：——中国的人口是多少 ——超过14亿。
考查疑问词辨析。How much多少、多少钱；How many多少；What什么；Which哪一个。根据答语“It’s more than 1.4 billion.”可知此处询问的是中国的人口数量，“What is the population of … ”意为“……的人口是多少？”是固定句式，故选C。
7．________ volunteers will be needed for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．Two thousand of B．Two thousands of C．Thousand of D．Thousands of
【标准答案】D
【详解详析】
句意：2022年北京冬奥会将需要数千名志愿者。
考查数词辨析。表示确切的数量：用基数词+数词的单数形式：表示概数：用数词的复数形式+of，四个选项中只有D表述正确，故选D。
8．Speak loudly and clearly ________ everyone here can understand you.
A．because B．if C．when D．so that
【标准答案】D
【详解详析】
句意：大声讲清楚，让这里的每个人都能听懂你的话。
考查连词辨析。because因为；if如果；when当……时；so that以便于。“大声说”的目的是为了让每个人都能听懂，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选D。
9．What ________ if I ________ my homework tommorrow
A．will happen; don’t finish B．will happen; didn’t finish
C．happen; won’t finish D．happen; didn’t finish
【标准答案】A
【详解详析】
句意：明天如果我不能完成作业会发生什么？
考查动词时态。根据题干可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则。主句用一般将来时，即will+动词原形；从句要用一般现在时，从句主语是“I”，finish为实义动词，其否定式需要借助于助动词don’t；故选A。
10．—What will you do after you finish your schoolwork
—My parents ________ me to be a writer .
A．hopes B．expect C．make D．wants
【标准答案】B
【详解详析】
句意：——在你完成学业后将做什么？——我父母希望我成为作家。
考查动词辨析和主谓一致。hope希望；expect期待，期望；make让；wants想要。expect sb. to do sth.表示“期待某人做某事”，是固定短语，没有“hope sb. to do sth.”这一用法，排除A；根据题干“My parents…me to be a writer”，可知“make sb. do sth.让某人做某事”不合语境，可排除；主语parents是复数人称，动词不可用三单形式，可排除D。本句是说父母的期望，故选B。
11．Mr. Green ______ Beijing for vacation. He will be back next month.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．will go
【标准答案】A
【详解详析】
句意：格林先生去北京度假了。他下个月回来。
考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地；has been to曾经去过（某地）；has been in呆在某地；will go将去。根据“He will be back next month.”可知，格林先生去北京度假了，人还没回来，使用has gone to。故选A。
12．I saw some boys _________ in the river when I drew pictures in the park.
A．swim B．to swim C．swimming D．to swimming
【标准答案】C
【详解详析】
句意：当我在公园里画画时，我看见一些男孩在河里游泳。
考查动词短语。see sb. do sth.“ 表示看到某人做某事了，强调已经完成的事情，或者表述客观事实”，see sb. doing sth.“表示看到某人正在做某事，强调正在进行、当前发生的事情”。由“when I drew pictures in the park”可知使用进行时态，补充说明一些男孩正在做什么，是现在分词作补语，故选C。
13．My sister used to watch TV at home after dinner. But now she is used to _________ for a walk.
A．go B．going C．goes D．went
【标准答案】B
【详解详析】
句意：我的妹妹过去常常饭后在家看电视。但是现在她习惯出去散步。
考查非谓语。be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。故选B。
14．Mr. Li doesn’t allow us _________ hats in class.
A．wear B．wore C．to wear D．wearing
【标准答案】C
【详解详析】
句意：李先生不允许我们在课上戴帽子。
考查非谓语动词。wear“戴”，allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，因此用to wear作宾补。故选C。
二、短文选词填空(共8分)
Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词, 每词只能填一次）
A．extra B．shelf C．platform D．depends E. similar
Take a walk through a supermarket. You will find many brands（品牌）of chocolate and a dozen kinds of yoghurt. Which ones should you buy
Well, the answer ___15___. You may have your favorites. If there is a brand you like more than other brands, you might be willing to pay ___16___ money for it. But when you don't like one brand over another, the right move is to shop for the best price. It means putting one item next to a(n) ___17___ item to see which gives you more for your money. This isn't always easy because of the way things are packaged. To find the best deal, check the unit price. Stores usually show the unit price on the ___18___. If they don't, you can calculate it yourself.
A．compare B．serious C．offer D．responsible E. choice
But unit price isn't the only thing to consider. Ask yourself how much you exactly need. Food waste is a ___19___ problem. According to a research, people throw away up to 40% of the food they buy. So, ask yourself: Do I actually need 8 pieces of bread If not, the smaller bag is the better ___20___.Also, brand names come at a cost. Sometimes, what you're paying for isn't just the product in the package. It's the brand name on the package. That's why many stores ___21___ their own products which are usually much cheaper. Last year, some supermarkets did a test. They invited people to try some brand-name cakes and ___22___ them with those made by the supermarkets. To their surprise, most people thought there was not any difference between them .
【标准答案】15．D
16．A
17．E
18．B
19．B
20．E
21．C
22．A
本文介绍了在超市里有很多品牌的巧克力和酸奶，我们应该选择哪一种牌子的。你可以选择你最喜欢的，或者看单价。
15．句意：答案要视情况而定。
此处主语the answer是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故选D。
16．句意：如果有一个品牌你比其他品牌更喜欢，你可能愿意为它支付额外的钱。
修饰名词money用形容词，结合句意，支付额外的钱，故选A。
17．句意：它的意思是在一个物品旁边放一个类似的物品，看看哪个给你更多的钱。
根据which gives you more for your money此处是两个物品比较，因此表示相似的，故选E。
18．句意：商店通常在货架上显示单价。
on the shelf在货架上，故选B。
19．句意：食物浪费是个严重的问题。
修饰名词problem用形容词，结合句意，浪费粮食是严重的问题，故选B。
20．句意：如果不是，小一点的袋子是更好的选择。
有形容词better修饰，用名词，故选E。
21．句意：这就是为什么许多商店提供他们自己的产品，通常更便宜。
此处表语从句缺少谓语，因此用动词，结合句意，商店提供产品，故选C。
22．句意：他们邀请人们品尝一些名牌蛋糕，并将它们与超市生产的蛋糕进行比较。
compare …with…将……与……进行比较。故选A。
【点睛】
根据前后文的语境，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选择正确的单词。例如小题4，句意：商店通常在货架上显示单价。on the shelf在货架上，故选B。
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10分)
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：
23．Grace gave the room a thorough_____this morning, (clean)
24．Bob is good at_____. He often makes more money than others, (busy)
25．The_____time I flew on a plane, I was really nervous, (one)
26．Everyone should learn to speak to others_____. (polite)
27．We will eat some of the fruits and_____the rest, (freezing)
28．She didn't sound_____ when I told her the news, (surprise)
29．Let's take the lift up to the restaurant on the_____floor, (twenty)
30．He felt rather_____lying in the sofa, (comfortably)
31．Make_____at home, everyone. (you)
32．I have stayed here for two_____. (month)
【标准答案】23．cleaning
24．business
25．first
26．politely
27．freeze
28．surprised
29．twenties
30．comfortable
31．yourselves
32．months
23．cleaning 句意：今天早上，格蕾丝把房间彻底打扫了一下。Give a thorough cleaning意为彻底打扫。冠词a修饰名词，故填cleaning。
24．business 根据下一句他比其他人挣到更多的钱可知，鲍勃擅长做生意。短语be good at擅长某事，介词at后跟名词作宾语。故填business。
25．first 句意：我第一次乘飞机飞行，我感到有点紧张。定冠词the 放在序数词前面，所以用one的序数词first。
26．politely 句意：大家应该学习对他人礼貌地讲话。修饰动词speak用副词，故填politely。
27．freeze 句意：我们要吃些水果，剩下的冻起来。根据and前的动词eat是动词原形，它连接对等的成分，可知后面用动词原形freeze。
28．surprised句意：当我告诉她这个消息时，她听起来并不吃惊。当描述人时，用动词的过去分词。第一句的主语是代词she，用过去分词修饰，故填surprised。
29．twenties句意：让我们乘电梯到20楼的饭馆。表示所在的楼层数用序数词，故填twenties。
30．comfortable句意：他躺在沙发上感到很舒服。系表结构中，用形容词作表语。故填comfortable。
31．yourselves句意：大家像在家一样随便吧。短语make oneself自主，随便。根据后面everyone人人可知是反身代词复数作宾语，故填yourselves。
32．months句意：我已经在这里待了两个月。根据空格前的two两个可知，用复数months。
四、句型转换(共14分)
Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
33．The new product consists of four main parts inside. (改为否定句)
The new product ________ ________ of four main parts inside.
34．The students are asked to write an English diary every day. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ are the students asked to write an English diary
35．We haven’t decided where we will have the party. (改为简单句)
We haven’t decided ________ ________ have the party.
36．Our journey to Canada last winter holidays was amazing. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ our journey to Canada last winter holidays was !
37．Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab. (改为被动语态)
We ________ ________ not to touch the chemicals in the lab.
38．We are going to say goodbye to him at the airport tomorrow. (保持句意基本不变)
We are going to ________ him ________ at the airport tomorrow.
39．is, to deal with, it, young students, difficult, for, the problem (连词成句)
__________________________________________________________________.
【标准答案】33． doesn’t consist
34． How often
35． where to
36． How amazing
37． were warned
38． see off
39．It is difficult for young students to deal with the problem.
33．句意：新产品里面是由四个主件构成吗？
原句是含有实意动词consist的一般现在时，主语the new product三单，借助于助动词does来否定，后加原形consist，故填：doesn’t consist。
34．句意：﹣学生们被要求每天写一篇英语日记。﹣学生们多长时间被要求写一篇英语日记？
考查划线部分提问，根据every day每天，可知，对频率提问用疑问词组how often多久一次，故填：How often。
35．句意：﹣我们还没有决定我们要在哪儿举行晚会。﹣我们还没有决定在哪儿举行晚会。
考查简单句，原句是宾语从句，可以用疑问词+不定式的简单句形式表达，疑问词用where哪，不定式to后用动词原形have，故填：where to
36．句意：﹣我们去年冬天去加拿大的旅行真是太棒了。﹣我们去年冬天去加拿大的旅程真是太棒了！
考查感叹句，感叹句可以用how+形容词+主语+谓语！或what a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。这里主语holidays，谓语was，因此用How，形容词用amazing。故填：How amazing。
37．句意：我们老师警告我们不要在实验室里接触化学品。
结合warn sb to do sth，主语we是warn的承受者，构成被动关系，结合时态用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语we，故were，故填：were warned．
38．句意：我们明天要在机场和他说再见。
本题主要考查固定短语“为……送行see off”，故填：see off。
39．句意：对于学生来说，处理这个问题太难了。
考查连词成句，原句是陈述句。用“it is + adj. for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事是怎样的。”形容词用difficult困难的，sb用students学生们，形容词young来修饰名词students，不定式to后用动词原形deal，deal with处理，the problem特指这个问题。故填：It is difficult for young students to deal with the problem。
【点睛】
感叹句的两种常见结构：
１，what引起的感叹句。what作为引导词（又称感叹词），有句中为形容词，充当定语，用来修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。它的结构形式一般有三种：
① What＋a／an＋形容词＋单数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！ What a good time they are having!
② What＋形容词＋复数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！ What beautiful flowers these are!
③ What＋形容词＋不可数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！ What fine weather it is today!
２，how引起的感叹句。how作为引导词（又称感叹词），在句中为副词，用来修饰后面的形容词或副词。它的结构形式通常也有三种：
①How ＋形容词（＋主语＋谓语）！ How beautiful Kate is!
② How ＋副词（＋主语＋谓语）！ How hard he works!
③ How ＋主语＋谓语（＋宾语） How time flies!
五、阅读单选(共10分)
Last week, my class took a field trip to the Cadbury Chocolate Factory in Toronto.
We were put into 10 groups and visited an old building. The guide first explained the history of Cadbury. Then, we got some ear buds (耳塞), disposable (一次性的) lab clothes and hairnets (发网). These protected our ears from the noise from machines and made sure we didn’t dirty their work area.
After preparation, we went upstairs and got into the chocolate-making area. The floor was filled with many machines. Each machine has a different job. The whole floor only has two people working because machines do most of the work.
The next station explained the history of chocolate-making. There was a picture of the factory 100 years ago. They had more than 1,000 people working there. The factory is very different now. It’s amazing how technology is changing our lives.
Later, we saw the chocolate-making process. We got a cocoa bean, some powdered (粉状的) chocolate and a final chocolate product (产品). I opened the cocoa bean and tasted it. It tasted bitter, kind of like dark chocolate. It is the raw material (原料) used to make chocolate. The powdered chocolate tasted good already. The final product tasted delicious. It is a mix of cocoa bean, milk and sugar.
Finally, we bought some chocolate at a shop in the factory. This field trip taught me how important technology is and I also learned about the chocolate industry.
40．Which of the following did the students not receive to protect their ears from the noise
A．hairnets B．disposable lab clothes C．ear buds D．masks
41．What is chocolate made of
① milk ②sugar ③cocoa beans ④fruit
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
42．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The visitors were put into five groups.
B．The visitors saw a picture of the factory from more than 1000 years ago.
C．There once were more than 1,000 people working in the factory.
D．The whole factory had only two machines working when they visited.
43．What can we infer (推断) from the text
A．There are only two workers working in the factory.
B．The writer lives in Toronto.
C．Coco bean has the same taste as chocolate.
D．Machines do a lot of work instead of the workers.
44．Which is probably the best title for the story
A．I love chocolate.
B．The process of making chocolate.
C．My field trip to the Cadbury Chocolate Factory.
D．Chocolate is one of the most delicious foods in the world.
【标准答案】40．D
41．A
42．C
43．D
44．C
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者的班级去多伦多的吉百利巧克力工厂实地考察的经历。
40．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Then, we got some……made sure we didn’t dirty their work area”可知，我们得到了一些耳塞，一次性的实验服和发网，这些保护我们的耳朵免受机器的噪音，推知学生们没有收到面具来保护他们的耳朵免受噪音的伤害，故选D。
41．
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“It is a mix of cocoa bean, milk and sugar”可知，巧克力是由可可豆、牛奶和糖做的，故选A。
42．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“There was a picture of the factory 100 years ago. They had more than 1,000 people working there”可知，曾经有1000多人在工厂里工作，故选C。
43．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The whole floor only has two people working because machines do most of the work”可推知，机器代替工人做很多工作，故选D。
44．
最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“Last week, my class took a field trip to the Cadbury Chocolate Factory in Toronto”可知，文章介绍了作者的班级去多伦多的吉百利巧克力工厂实地考察的经历，所以C项“我去吉百利巧克力工厂实地考察”最符合文章标题，故选C。
六、完型填空(共12分)
Shops have all kinds of tricks to get you in their doors, or on their websites, and spending. They are like traps to catch you, the buyer. If you know what those traps are, you can avoid falling into them.
Loss leaders（亏本促销商品）
Step one is to get you into the shop. The__45__that they do this is by advertising a product that you need at a crazy low price. The price might even be below cost. They___46___lose money when you buy that milk or those disapers, but you come in for that. Once in the shop you are sure to get the other things that you want and need, aren’t you Those are called loss leaders.
The expensive one makes yours seem reasonable
You’re looking for a quality jacket. The one you want costs more than you __47__,but right next to it is a very expensive one. Suddenly yours seems pretty reasonable. You decide to buy it__48__ some people are spending even more money on jackets. You’ve been caught out! The placing of differently-priced items like this is done on purpose.
They give you a place to rest
You are tried from shopping and are thinking of going home. But then you see a bench, or a place to get a cheap coffee or cake. You take a break and then you are__49__ to shop again. That is just what is likely to happen. Some shops even provide creches where parents can leave their children in order to shop more easily.
That“99”really __50__ people to buy
You probably don’t believe that just because something is priced $9.99 instead of $10 you’ll buy it. But studies have proven that it is true. It is called the “left-digit effect”. Be aware of that when you shop.
Avoid these traps so that you won’t spend too much.
45．
A．plan B．aim C．way D．idea
46．
A．actually B．mainly C．widely D．already
47．
A．complain B．expect C．prepare D．select
48．
A．though B．when C．until D．because
49．
A．lucky B．free C．responsible D．ready
50．
A．orders B．encourages C．disturbs D．warns
【标准答案】45．C
46．A
47．B
48．D
49．D
50．B
商店有各种各样的促销方式，鼓励着消费者们走进他们的大门，或者在网站上消费。如果我们了解了这些陷阱，就可以避免掉进去。这篇短文就介绍了一些商店常用的销售陷阱。
45．句意：他们这样做的方式是通过以极低的价格为你需要的产品做广告。plan计划；aim目的，目标；way方式；idea想法。上句话Step one is to get you into the shop提到第一步是先让你进入商店，这句话介绍的是怎样让你进来，故应选C。
46．句意：当你买那种牛奶或尿布时，他们实际上赔钱，但是你是为之而来的。actually事实上，实际上；mainly主要地；widely广泛地；already已经。根据上句话The price might even be below cost可知，商品的价格甚至比成本还要低，所以事实上他们是赔钱的。故应选A。
47．句意：你想要比你预期的更贵，但是挨着它的是一个相当贵的。complain抱怨；expect期待；预期；prepare 准备；select选择。根据下文but right next to it is a very expensive one. Suddenly yours seems pretty reasonable可知，这里说这件夹克衫比你的预期价格更贵，故应选B。
48．句意：于是你决定买下来，因为人们花费更多的钱买夹克衫。though 尽管；when当…时候；until直到…时候；because因为。根据句意可知，这里表示你决定买那件比较贵的夹克衫的原因，故应选D。
49．句意：你休息一下，然后准备再一次购物。lucky幸运的；free空闲的，自由的；responsible负责的；ready准备好的。根据上下文But then you see a bench, or a place to get a cheap coffee or cake. You take a break and then you are 5 to shop again可知，你休息了一会儿之后，再继续购物。be ready to do sth.准备好做某事。故应选D。
50．句意：99这个数字真的鼓励人们去买。orders 命令；encourages鼓励；disturbs打扰；warns警告。根据文意But studies have proven that it is true. It is called the “left-digit effect”可知，这叫“左数效应”，99这个价格鼓励着人们去买东西。故应选B。
【点睛】
这篇短文介绍了一些商店在销售产品时常用的促销方式。文章是总分总的结构，第一段点明主题；第二段到第五段介绍了四种销售技巧；最后一段是简单的总结。中间四段都有明显的主题句，可以帮助我们快速了解段意。题型是完形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性加强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据上下文的提示作答，注意辨析四个选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第1小题，考查名词辨析，plan计划；aim目的，目标；way方式；idea想法。上句话Step one is to get you into the shop提到第一步是先让你进入商店，这句话介绍的是怎样让你进来，故应选C。再如第4小题，考查连词辨析，though 尽管；when当…时候；until直到…时候；because因为。根据句意可知，这里表示你决定买那件比较贵的夹克衫的原因，故应选D。
七、短文汉语提示填空(共14分)
We may think today that Donald Trump invented the term, but “fake news” has been around for a while. In the early 19th century, small regional and local papers made their product known and i___51___ their sales with a lot of made-up news articles. The Central Park Zoo Escape, reported on November 9, 1874, is one such event.
The front page of the New York Herald that day reported that v___52___ animals had escaped from the Central Park Zoo. A rhino had fallen into a sewer（下水道） and a lion had been seen walking slowly through a church. The article said that, while the police and National Guard were doing what they could, twenty-seven people had already died and many others had been injured. Readers were scared and armed men were seen in the streets, preparing to p___53___ their loved ones and property by battling the wild animals of the zoo. In their upset, they clearly hadn’t read to the end of the article: the l___54___ line stated that ‘the whole story given above is a pure lie’!
But why was it done The article was the creation of a reporter named Joseph Clarke. Working alongside his editor, Clarke wanted to highlight the dangerous conditions at the zoo by showing the readers what could happen, not what a___55___ had. They had no idea of the fear it would cause. The paper never apologized for the upset to New Yorkers. I___56___, they ran a short statement requesting that safety conditions at the zoo should be improved.
The l___57___ to learn Always read right to the end!
The whole story given above is not a pure lie!
【标准答案】51．increased
52．various
53．protect
54．last
55．actually/already
56．Instead
57．lesson
这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍纽约先驱报发布报道说动物园的动物跑出来了，人们没有看到新闻的最后一行以为新闻是真的而陷入恐慌。作者告诫读者永远要记得读到最后。
51．
句意:在19世纪早期，小的地方报纸通过很多编造的新闻文章来让他们的产品出名和增加销量。
根据and可知此处用动词的过去式与made形成并列，根据首字母和“their sales”可知此处用动词increased表示“增加销量”。故答案为increased。
52．
句意：纽约先驱报的头版报道多种动物从中央公园的动物园跑了。
名词animals前面缺形容词修饰，根据“A rhino…and a lion”可知不止一种动物，此处根据首字母可知用形容词various表示“多种的”。故答案为various。
53．
句意：读者害怕了，武装人员可在大街上看到，准备着通过与动物园的野兽搏斗来保护他们所爱的人和财物。
此处用的是prepare to do表示“准备好做某事”；根据“their loved ones and property by battling the wild animals of the zoo”及首字母提示可知用动词原形protect表示“保护”。故答案为protect。
54．
句意：令他们沮丧的是，他们很明显没有读到文章最后，最后一行写着：上面整个故事是个谎言。
名词line前面用形容词修饰，根据“read to the end of the article”及首字母提示可知此处用形容词last表示“最后的”。故答案为last。
55．
句意：和他的编辑一起，克拉克想要通过显示可能发生的事而不是实际或已经发生的事来给读者强调动物园的危险状况。
had后面省略了happened，动词前副词修饰；根据前文可知报道是一个谎言，事情没有真实的发生或已经发生，根据首字母提示此处用副词already表示“已经”或者actually表示“真实地”。故答案为actually/already。
56．
句意：取而代之，他们发布了一个简短的说明要求改进动物园的安全状况。
根据“never apologized for the upset to New Yorkers”可知他们没有道歉而是采用了另一种方法取而代之，用instead表示“代替，取而代之”。故答案为Instead。
57．
句意：得到的教训是？
根据“learn”和“Always read right to the end”可知此处讲的是给读者的教训，用名词lesson。故答案为lesson。
八、阅读回答问题(共15分)
(本题15分)Our world is shaped by design
Nearly everything you use in daily life requires thoughtful design.
A book cover that interests you to read, an app that keeps you exercising, a search engine （引擎）that is easy to use ... these all require good design. Good design makes our lives easier and better. But what makes good design
Fortune magazine recently listed the 100 greatest designs of modern times. The list shows a clear change in design philosophy（理念）over the past decades（数十年）, according to Fortune.
In the 1950s, design mostly meant the aesthetics （美学） of a product, such as the sleek（造型优美的）design of a sports car. But today, the focus is on how it can solve problems and change society in a positive way.
One example is Google Search. No.3 on the list, the search engine is seen as a great design not because its pages look pretty, but because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box. Its value lies in bringing knowledge and information to everyone.
The top design, Apple’s iPhone, was not chosen because of its physical appearance. People were more impressed（印象深刻的）by how the iPhone has made life easier for its users.
“The iPhone is a flexible（灵活的）...design that becomes whatever each user wants it to be,” said Kathleen Brandenburg, a world famous designer. In Apple’s App Store, people from all walks of life can create their own apps for different purposes. By providing a platform（平台）for people to be creative, the iPhone provides users with great possibilities.
The Chinese app WeChat is also on the list. It offers many kinds of functions（功能）, including messaging, video calling and online payment. It’s a “one-stop shop that makes our life much easier,” Fortune wrote.
根据上文内容，用英语回答问题。
58．(3分)According to Fortune, what did design mostly mean in the 1950s
________________________
59．(3分)Why is Google Search engine a great design
________________________
60．(3分)Why is Apple’s iPhone Top 1 design
________________________
61．(3分)How does the iPhone provide users with great possibilities
________________________
62．(3分)According to the passage, what functions can WeChat offer
________________________
【标准答案】58．The aesthetics of a product.
59．Because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box.
60．Because it makes users’ lives easier.
61．By providing a platform for people to be creative.
62．Messaging, video calling and online payment.
本文以实际的例子告诉人们什么是好的设计。
58．
根据“In the 1950s, design mostly meant the aesthetics （美学） of a product, such as the sleek（造型优美的）design of a sports car”可知，在20世纪50年代，设计主要是指产品的美学，故填The aesthetics of a product.
59．
根据“No.3 on the list, the search engine is seen as a great design not because its pages look pretty, but because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box”可知，排名第三的搜索引擎被认为是一个伟大的设计，不是因为它的页面看起来很漂亮，而是因为它以一种聪明的方式组织了大量的信息，让人们只需要在一个简单的框中输入就可以找到他们想要的任何东西。故填Because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box.
60．
根据“The top design, Apple’s iPhone, was not chosen because of its physical appearance. People were more impressed（印象深刻的）by how the iPhone has made life easier for its users”可知，苹果iPhone的设计排名第一是因为它让用户的生活变得更轻松。故填Because it makes users’ lives easier.
61．
根据“By providing a platform（平台）for people to be creative, the iPhone provides users with great possibilities”可知，通过为人们提供一个创新的平台，iPhone为用户提供了巨大的可能性。故填By providing a platform for people to be creative.
62．
根据“The Chinese app WeChat is also on the list. It offers many kinds of functions（功能）, including messaging, video calling and online payment”可知，微信能够提供多种功能，包括短信，视频通话和在线支付，故填Messaging, video calling and online payment.
九、材料作文(共23分)
63．(本题23分)相信在每位同学的成长过程中，都能感受到我们的国家发生着巨大的变化。你是否注意到你的家庭包括你的家人也慢慢地发生着改变？学校英语广播站正在征集稿件。请以“The Changes in My Family”为题，结合以下要点，写出你在成长过程中，你的家庭和家人发生的变化。
要点包括:1.家庭的变化(如吃穿住行等)。2.家人的变化(如外貌性格等)。
要求: 1.80-120词，开头已经给出，不计入词数。2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称
The Changes in My Family
Our country has experienced great changes through the years. I also see some changes in my own family.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【标准答案】例文：
The Changes in My Family
Our country has experienced great changes through the years. I also see some changes in my own family.
A few years ago, my family lived in a small apartment with only two rooms. I had to live in a room with my grandmother. The roads around the apartment were narrow and dirty. But now, my family lives in a tall building with four rooms. I have my own bedroom. There are many flowers and trees in the community. The environment is very beautiful. The roads are much wider and there are many trees on each side of the roads. The neighbors are also friendly. In the past, my parents could only take the bus to work. Now they have their own car. In the past, my father always had a lot of time to play with me, but now he always works and has little time to accompany me. In the past, I could only wear my sister’s old clothes. Now I can buy my favorite clothes at any time.
Our life is getting better and better. I hope our life will become better in the future.
【详解详析】
1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，写出随着国家发生的巨大的变化，自己的家庭发生的变化情况，比如家庭的变化以及家人的变化等，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要与已给出的开头融合起来，本文应该用第一人称、第三人称来介绍内容；时态采用一般现在时和一般过去时相结合；在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。Unit2 Water
（培优提高卷）（学生版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择(共14分)
1．— Could you please tell me ________
— With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
if the scarf looked nice on me B．what’s the new product like
C．that this place is polluted D．how I can order a robot online
2．—The product draws people's attention because of the ad.
—The ad ________ by me
A．create B．created C．is created D．was created
3．After the visitors arrived, the manager showed________ around the product exhibition room.
A．they B．their C．them D．themselves
4．Jack’s car was broken and he had to make ________ way on foot.
A．he B．him C．himself D．his
5．—Do you often use Baidu to search for information
—Yes. It’s one of ________ searching engines in China.
A．important B．more important C．the most important D．most important
6．—________ is the population of China
—It’s more than 1.4 billion.
A．How much B．How many C．What D．Which
7．________ volunteers will be needed for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．Two thousand of B．Two thousands of C．Thousand of D．Thousands of
8．Speak loudly and clearly ________ everyone here can understand you.
A．because B．if C．when D．so that
9．What ________ if I ________ my homework tommorrow
A．will happen; don’t finish B．will happen; didn’t finish
C．happen; won’t finish D．happen; didn’t finish
10．—What will you do after you finish your schoolwork
—My parents ________ me to be a writer .
A．hopes B．expect C．make D．wants
11．Mr. Green ______ Beijing for vacation. He will be back next month.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．will go
12．I saw some boys _________ in the river when I drew pictures in the park.
A．swim B．to swim C．swimming D．to swimming
13．My sister used to watch TV at home after dinner. But now she is used to _________ for a walk.
A．go B．going C．goes D．went
14．Mr. Li doesn’t allow us _________ hats in class.
A．wear B．wore C．to wear D．wearing
二、短文选词填空(共8分)
Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词, 每词只能填一次）
A．extra B．shelf C．platform D．depends E. similar
Take a walk through a supermarket. You will find many brands（品牌）of chocolate and a dozen kinds of yoghurt. Which ones should you buy
Well, the answer ___15___. You may have your favorites. If there is a brand you like more than other brands, you might be willing to pay ___16___ money for it. But when you don't like one brand over another, the right move is to shop for the best price. It means putting one item next to a(n) ___17___ item to see which gives you more for your money. This isn't always easy because of the way things are packaged. To find the best deal, check the unit price. Stores usually show the unit price on the ___18___. If they don't, you can calculate it yourself.
A．compare B．serious C．offer D．responsible E. choice
But unit price isn't the only thing to consider. Ask yourself how much you exactly need. Food waste is a ___19___ problem. According to a research, people throw away up to 40% of the food they buy. So, ask yourself: Do I actually need 8 pieces of bread If not, the smaller bag is the better ___20___.Also, brand names come at a cost. Sometimes, what you're paying for isn't just the product in the package. It's the brand name on the package. That's why many stores ___21___ their own products which are usually much cheaper. Last year, some supermarkets did a test. They invited people to try some brand-name cakes and ___22___ them with those made by the supermarkets. To their surprise, most people thought there was not any difference between them .
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10分)
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：
23．Grace gave the room a thorough_____this morning, (clean)
24．Bob is good at_____. He often makes more money than others, (busy)
25．The_____time I flew on a plane, I was really nervous, (one)
26．Everyone should learn to speak to others_____. (polite)
27．We will eat some of the fruits and_____the rest, (freezing)
28．She didn't sound_____ when I told her the news, (surprise)
29．Let's take the lift up to the restaurant on the_____floor, (twenty)
30．He felt rather_____lying in the sofa, (comfortably)
31．Make_____at home, everyone. (you)
32．I have stayed here for two_____. (month)
四、句型转换(共14分)
Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
33．The new product consists of four main parts inside. (改为否定句)
The new product ________ ________ of four main parts inside.
34．The students are asked to write an English diary every day. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ are the students asked to write an English diary
35．We haven’t decided where we will have the party. (改为简单句)
We haven’t decided ________ ________ have the party.
36．Our journey to Canada last winter holidays was amazing. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ our journey to Canada last winter holidays was !
37．Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab. (改为被动语态)
We ________ ________ not to touch the chemicals in the lab.
38．We are going to say goodbye to him at the airport tomorrow. (保持句意基本不变)
We are going to ________ him ________ at the airport tomorrow.
39．is, to deal with, it, young students, difficult, for, the problem (连词成句)
__________________________________________________________________.
五、阅读单选(共10分)
Last week, my class took a field trip to the Cadbury Chocolate Factory in Toronto.
We were put into 10 groups and visited an old building. The guide first explained the history of Cadbury. Then, we got some ear buds (耳塞), disposable (一次性的) lab clothes and hairnets (发网). These protected our ears from the noise from machines and made sure we didn’t dirty their work area.
After preparation, we went upstairs and got into the chocolate-making area. The floor was filled with many machines. Each machine has a different job. The whole floor only has two people working because machines do most of the work.
The next station explained the history of chocolate-making. There was a picture of the factory 100 years ago. They had more than 1,000 people working there. The factory is very different now. It’s amazing how technology is changing our lives.
Later, we saw the chocolate-making process. We got a cocoa bean, some powdered (粉状的) chocolate and a final chocolate product (产品). I opened the cocoa bean and tasted it. It tasted bitter, kind of like dark chocolate. It is the raw material (原料) used to make chocolate. The powdered chocolate tasted good already. The final product tasted delicious. It is a mix of cocoa bean, milk and sugar.
Finally, we bought some chocolate at a shop in the factory. This field trip taught me how important technology is and I also learned about the chocolate industry.
40．Which of the following did the students not receive to protect their ears from the noise
A．hairnets B．disposable lab clothes C．ear buds D．masks
41．What is chocolate made of
① milk ②sugar ③cocoa beans ④fruit
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
42．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The visitors were put into five groups.
B．The visitors saw a picture of the factory from more than 1000 years ago.
C．There once were more than 1,000 people working in the factory.
D．The whole factory had only two machines working when they visited.
43．What can we infer (推断) from the text
A．There are only two workers working in the factory.
B．The writer lives in Toronto.
C．Coco bean has the same taste as chocolate.
D．Machines do a lot of work instead of the workers.
44．Which is probably the best title for the story
A．I love chocolate.
B．The process of making chocolate.
C．My field trip to the Cadbury Chocolate Factory.
D．Chocolate is one of the most delicious foods in the world.
六、完型填空(共12分)
Shops have all kinds of tricks to get you in their doors, or on their websites, and spending. They are like traps to catch you, the buyer. If you know what those traps are, you can avoid falling into them.
Loss leaders（亏本促销商品）
Step one is to get you into the shop. The__45__that they do this is by advertising a product that you need at a crazy low price. The price might even be below cost. They___46___lose money when you buy that milk or those disapers, but you come in for that. Once in the shop you are sure to get the other things that you want and need, aren’t you Those are called loss leaders.
The expensive one makes yours seem reasonable
You’re looking for a quality jacket. The one you want costs more than you __47__,but right next to it is a very expensive one. Suddenly yours seems pretty reasonable. You decide to buy it__48__ some people are spending even more money on jackets. You’ve been caught out! The placing of differently-priced items like this is done on purpose.
They give you a place to rest
You are tried from shopping and are thinking of going home. But then you see a bench, or a place to get a cheap coffee or cake. You take a break and then you are__49__ to shop again. That is just what is likely to happen. Some shops even provide creches where parents can leave their children in order to shop more easily.
That“99”really __50__ people to buy
You probably don’t believe that just because something is priced $9.99 instead of $10 you’ll buy it. But studies have proven that it is true. It is called the “left-digit effect”. Be aware of that when you shop.
Avoid these traps so that you won’t spend too much.
45．
A．plan B．aim C．way D．idea
46．
A．actually B．mainly C．widely D．already
47．
A．complain B．expect C．prepare D．select
48．
A．though B．when C．until D．because
49．
A．lucky B．free C．responsible D．ready
50．
A．orders B．encourages C．disturbs D．warns
七、短文汉语提示填空(共14分)
We may think today that Donald Trump invented the term, but “fake news” has been around for a while. In the early 19th century, small regional and local papers made their product known and i___51___ their sales with a lot of made-up news articles. The Central Park Zoo Escape, reported on November 9, 1874, is one such event.
The front page of the New York Herald that day reported that v___52___ animals had escaped from the Central Park Zoo. A rhino had fallen into a sewer（下水道） and a lion had been seen walking slowly through a church. The article said that, while the police and National Guard were doing what they could, twenty-seven people had already died and many others had been injured. Readers were scared and armed men were seen in the streets, preparing to p___53___ their loved ones and property by battling the wild animals of the zoo. In their upset, they clearly hadn’t read to the end of the article: the l___54___ line stated that ‘the whole story given above is a pure lie’!
But why was it done The article was the creation of a reporter named Joseph Clarke. Working alongside his editor, Clarke wanted to highlight the dangerous conditions at the zoo by showing the readers what could happen, not what a___55___ had. They had no idea of the fear it would cause. The paper never apologized for the upset to New Yorkers. I___56___, they ran a short statement requesting that safety conditions at the zoo should be improved.
The l___57___ to learn Always read right to the end!
The whole story given above is not a pure lie!
八、阅读回答问题(共15分)
(本题15分)Our world is shaped by design
Nearly everything you use in daily life requires thoughtful design.
A book cover that interests you to read, an app that keeps you exercising, a search engine （引擎）that is easy to use ... these all require good design. Good design makes our lives easier and better. But what makes good design
Fortune magazine recently listed the 100 greatest designs of modern times. The list shows a clear change in design philosophy（理念）over the past decades（数十年）, according to Fortune.
In the 1950s, design mostly meant the aesthetics （美学） of a product, such as the sleek（造型优美的）design of a sports car. But today, the focus is on how it can solve problems and change society in a positive way.
One example is Google Search. No.3 on the list, the search engine is seen as a great design not because its pages look pretty, but because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box. Its value lies in bringing knowledge and information to everyone.
The top design, Apple’s iPhone, was not chosen because of its physical appearance. People were more impressed（印象深刻的）by how the iPhone has made life easier for its users.
“The iPhone is a flexible（灵活的）...design that becomes whatever each user wants it to be,” said Kathleen Brandenburg, a world famous designer. In Apple’s App Store, people from all walks of life can create their own apps for different purposes. By providing a platform（平台）for people to be creative, the iPhone provides users with great possibilities.
The Chinese app WeChat is also on the list. It offers many kinds of functions（功能）, including messaging, video calling and online payment. It’s a “one-stop shop that makes our life much easier,” Fortune wrote.
根据上文内容，用英语回答问题。
58．(3分)According to Fortune, what did design mostly mean in the 1950s
________________________
59．(3分)Why is Google Search engine a great design
________________________
60．(3分)Why is Apple’s iPhone Top 1 design
________________________
61．(3分)How does the iPhone provide users with great possibilities
________________________
62．(3分)According to the passage, what functions can WeChat offer
________________________
九、材料作文(共23分)
63．(本题23分)相信在每位同学的成长过程中，都能感受到我们的国家发生着巨大的变化。你是否注意到你的家庭包括你的家人也慢慢地发生着改变？学校英语广播站正在征集稿件。请以“The Changes in My Family”为题，结合以下要点，写出你在成长过程中，你的家庭和家人发生的变化。
要点包括:1.家庭的变化(如吃穿住行等)。2.家人的变化(如外貌性格等)。
要求: 1.80-120词，开头已经给出，不计入词数。2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称
The Changes in My Family
Our country has experienced great changes through the years. I also see some changes in my own family.
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