【课后练习】Unit 6 Survival Period 2（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Survival
Period 2
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．What was his (react) to your advanced theory
2．(2020·浙江卷7月)The fight was getting and ,_and the bear was about to break into our camp.(fierce)
3．Now our (month) income is more than enough to live on.
4．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and (consume) habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.
5．But contrary to popular belief, research indicates that anger increases_____ (optimistic).
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词)
1．Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.
2． is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks.
3．In addition, I'm ready to give help no matter it is needed.
4．No matter I explain, I just can't get it across to her.
5． team wins on Friday will compete in the Olympic Games.
6．The new vaccine may rid the world one of its most terrifying diseases.
7．He reacted his father's influence by becoming an astronaut.
8．He is in control of the agency. I mean, the agency is in control of him.
9．They are not optimistic a settlement of the eleven year conflict.
10．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Since she'd found it too much to cope ,_she'd taken it out on other people.
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．我们承诺任何参加聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
We promise a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
2．无论何时我们去叔叔家，我们都会在他的花园里玩耍。
,_we would play in the garden.
3．无论你多么仔细地计划你的财务，没有人能预测什么时候会发生意想不到的事情。
,_no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.
4．It is not easy to rid yourself of your bad habit formed in childhood.
→It is not easy your bad habit formed in childhood.
5．他试图把车刹住，但车失去了控制。
①He tried to brake the car, but it ．
②He tried to brake the car, but it ．
③He tried to brake the car, but he ．
维度四　书法与写作
请临摹之后再利用课余时间背诵。
提醒：①每个字母圆润饱满，压线书写；②宜用0.5或0.7 mm中性笔。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Earth's forests are emptying. Half of their inhabitants (栖息动物) have disappeared in the last 40 years, according to a new report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).
The 6th mass extinction (大灭绝)
A growing body of evidence suggests that the Earth is in the middle of a mass extinction event—the sixth of its kind in the planet's history. More than 27% of species on the planet are dying out.
The reasons behind
Worldwide, humans have cleared 30% of all forest cover. According to the research, 60% of the threats (威胁) of forest animals result from the disappearance of forests. Hunting, too, is a major reason for the falling number of animal populations. More than half of the species that are in danger due to over hunting, according to the report, are African primates (灵长目动物), since they're hunted in the bushmeat trade. Climate change becomes another big danger to forest animals. Many forest species are struggling to adapt to rising temperatures and more extreme weather.
The recovery
“In order to change the decrease of forest biodiversity (生物多样性), it's urgent to handle the multiple pressures on forest species，” the reporter wrote. But with the right strategies, he said, “the recovery of forest species' populations is possible.”
1．Why is the Earth in the middle of a mass extinction event now
A．Because 30% of all forest cover has been cleared by human.
B．Because half of its populations have disappeared in the last 40 years.
C．Because many species on the Earth are in the danger of dying out.
D．Because extreme weather is killing more and more of its inhabitants.
2．What consequences may the disappearance of forests bring according to the passage
A．The soil of the Earth is in the 6th mass extinction.
B．The inhabitants are decreasing both in number and species.
C．African primates are at the risk of extinction.
D．More forest animals are cruelly hunted in the bushmeat trade.
3．How can the future of the forest species be pictured according to the reporter
A．Where there is smoke, there is fire.
B．Where there is a will, there is a way.
C．Where there is life, there is a ray of sunshine.
D．Where there is a solution, there is a silver lining.
B
In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet. A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment, in particular climate change. It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives. Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to make eco－friendly lifestyle choices than, let's say, 20 years ago. But one question has been on my mind a lot lately: is it better to buy new eco－friendly products or used traditionally produced goods
After doing some research, I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used. Let me try to explain.
A carbon footprint is made up of two parts, the primary footprint and the secondary footprint. The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the burning of fuels, including household energy consumption and transportation. The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use—those related to their production and breakdown.
Based on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint. Things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint” group, so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production. However, for the car and the other appliances (设备) that we need we can go with new, energy－saving models. I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory. So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy－saving models. The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the_footprint the product will make once it gets to you.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．What appliances to buy to save energy.
B．What a carbon footprint means in our life.
C．How to identify different carbon footprints.
D．How to make eco－friendly lifestyle choices.
5．What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint
A．It is related to our consumption of fuels.
B．It is made when we are buying the products.
C．It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.
D．It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.
6．Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author
A．Using second－hand textbooks.
B．Using old and expensive cars.
C．Buying new but cheap clothes.
D．Buying new wooden furniture.
7．“The footprint” underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in ________．
A．using the product B．recycling the product
C．making the product D．transporting the product
Ⅱ.七选五
A huge earthquake hit Haiti, causing the deaths of over a hundred thousand people and millions of dollars' worth of damage. 1.________ On this occasion, funds were raised with amazing speed—within a week of the quake, the American Red Cross had raised $22 million. The reason People were donating via their mobile phones.
2．________ Gone are the days when people donated door by door. In today's world of computers, smartphones, tablets, and smartwatches, charities can now reach more people than ever before.
Social media in particular has had a great impact on charity. 3.________ This enables charities to raise money extremely quickly, as in Haiti. And the quicker aid can be delivered, the more lives can be saved. Individual fundraising has also benefited. Most people are now so well connected through sites like Facebook that asking people to contribute to your chosen cause is easier than ever.
New, innovative ways of donating are being thought up all the time. For example, if you want to support a good cause and keep fit at the same time, you can use an app called Charity Miles. 4.________ For every kilometer you cover, the app's sponsors will make a donation to a charity of your choice. There's also Snapdonate, which allows users to donate simply by taking a photo of a charity's logo with their smartphone. The app recognizes the logo and allows users to immediately make a donation through their phones. This cuts out the need for entering payment details on charity websites, and makes the process of donating small amounts to multiple charities much simpler.
Apps like these are growing in number, and that can only be a good thing. 5.________
A．People were eager to aid others in trouble.
B．The app can track the distance you run or cycle.
C．News of disasters spreads quickly around the world.
D．Charity helps to refresh the development of social media.
E．Technological advances have changed how charities work.
F．The international community jumped into action to provide aid.
G．In future, we could support our chosen cause more easily and more often.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Do you really want to be happy Everyone says yes, but do you know the approach 1.____________ happiness is giving to others Some of us may feel that if we give too much, our generosity will 2.____________(take) advantage of by others. However, people who see your good intentions as weakness are in the 3.____________(minor).
Danny Thomas said, “Success in life has 4.____________ to do with what you gain in life or accomplish for yourself. It's what you do for others.” So why not start with you and me right now
You can donate anything without 5.____________(seek) reward. This is good for you and those 6.____________ receive your acts of 7.____________(kind). Every time you give, you will receive—even if you are not looking for a reward. You will find your donations won't make you poor. As a result of this, you will see most people, naturally, pay you back.
You should also take the time to be polite to all of the people 8.____________(perform) services for you. Once you do, you would be surprised at how many of them will go out of their way to give you good service. If you establish sincerity and trust 9.____________ you go, you will be loved by your fellow man. As Mohammed said, “A person's true wealth is the good he or she 10.____________(do) in the world.”
参考答案与解析
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
reaction
fiercer fiercer
monthly
consumption
Optimism
维度二　固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入一个适当的单词)
whoever
Whatever
when
how
Whichever
of
against
the
about
With
维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
whoever_attends_the_party
Whenever/No_matter_when_we_went_to_my_uncle's_house
No_matter_how/However_carefully_you_plan_your_finances
for_you_to_get_rid_of
①was_beyond_control②was_out_of_control③lost_control_of_it
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界野生动物基金会的最新报告显示大量森林物种正面临灭绝的危险并分析了原因。
1.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，地球正处于大灭绝事件之中是因为地球上很多物种都面临灭绝的危险。故选C。
2.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Worldwide, humans have cleared 30% of all forest cover. According to the research, 60% of the threats ( 威 胁 ) of forest animals result from the disappearance of forests.”可知，森林的消失是野生动物生存的巨大威胁，也就是说它们的数量和种类会因森林的消失而大大减少。故选B。
3.D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，对于森林物种的明天，记者认为，只要采取正确的策略，恢复森林物种的数量就是可能的。即哪里有解决办法，哪里就有一线希望。故选D。
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过研究和对比新型环保产品和旧的传统产品在碳足迹方面的影响，从而说明该如何选择更环保的生活方式。
4.D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要通过研究和对比新型环保产品和旧的传统产品在碳足迹方面的影响，从而说明该如何选择更环保的生活方式。故选D。
5.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，第二种足迹是表示我们使用的产品在整个生命周期中间接排放的二氧化碳，这些是和它们的生产和排放有关的。由此可知，第二种碳足迹虽然不是我们直接产生的，但也是我们使用的产品释放出来的，也是要归结到我们身上的。故选D。
6.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Things like dishes...the added production.”可知，盘子、衣服和家具这样的物品属于“第二类型的足迹”，所以是越少越好，我们应该注重寻找旧的物品来避免额外的生产。二手书是可以二次使用的物品，符合题意。故选A。
7.A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线部分所在句可知，主要的问题是这些投入在制造新产品时的能源，以及这种额外的碳是否值得它到你手里以后所产生的碳足迹。由此可知，the footprint指的是“产品使用过程中产生的二氧化碳”。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
【解题导语】　文章主要介绍了海地地震后的慈善事业的发展和变化。
1．F　解析：下文“On this occasion, funds were raised with amazing speed—within a week of the quake(在这个时候，地震发生的一周内，基金以很快的速度被筹集起来)”是震后采取的措施的结果。F项“The international community jumped into action to provide aid.(国际社会迅速采取措施提供援助)”说明了震后采取的措施。故选F。
2．E　解析：下文“Gone are the days when people donated door by door.(人们挨家挨户捐赠的日子一去不复返了)”说明捐助的方式发生改变。E项“Technological advances have changed how charities work.(技术的进步已经改变了慈善机构工作的方式)”是本段的中心句，是对本段的概括，与下文内容一致。故选E。
3．C　解析：上文“Social media in particular has had a great impact on charity.(尤其是社交媒体也对慈善机构有巨大的影响)”指出社交媒体影响着慈善机构。下文“This enables charities to raise money extremely quickly, as in Haiti.(即使在海地，这也使慈善机构迅速筹集大量的资金)”C项“News of disasters spreads quickly around the world.(灾难的新闻迅速传到全世界)”说明社交媒体对慈善机构的影响大，使集资更快，承上启下。故选C。
4．B　解析：上文“For example, if you want to support a good cause and keep fit at the same time, you can use an app called Charity Miles.(例如，如果你既想支持慈善事业又想保持健康，你可以使用叫作“慈善万里行”的软件)”介绍了“慈善万里行”的软件。B项“The app can track the distance you run or cycle.(这个软件可以追踪你跑步或者骑车的距离)”具体介绍“慈善万里行”软件，其中The app与上文一致。故选B。
5．G　解析：上文“Apps like these are growing in number, and that can only be a good thing.(像这样的软件正在大量发展中，并且那真是一件好事情)”说明支持慈善事业的软件在不断发展中。G项“In future, we could support our chosen cause more easily and more often.(将来我们可以更容易、更频繁的支持我们所选择的慈善事业)”是根据软件发展的情况，对将来的设想。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们通往快乐的途径是给予他人，一个人真正的财富是他或她在世界上所做的好事。
1．to　解析：考查介词。句意：你真的想快乐吗？每个人都说是的，但是你知道通往快乐的途径是给予他人吗？句中涉及固定短语the approach to意为“……的方法、去往……的路径”，句中指通往快乐的途径。故填to。
2．be taken　解析：考查动词的语态。句意：我们中的一些人可能会觉得，如果我们付出太多，我们的慷慨会被别人利用。句中涉及固定短语take advantage of意为“利用”，句子主语generosity和take advantage of之间为被动关系，即慷慨被利用，结合句中will可知，句子应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be taken。
3．minority　解析：考查固定短语。句意：然而，把你的好意看作软弱的人占少数。句中涉及固定短语be in the minority意为“占少数”。故填minority。
4．nothing　解析：考查代词。句意：丹尼·托马斯说：“人生的成功与你在生活中所获得的或为自己所取得的成就无关。成功是你为别人做的事。”由此可知，空格所在句表达的是“人生的成功与你在生活中所获得的或为自己所取得的成就无关”， have nothing to do with意为“与……无关”。故填nothing。
5．seeking　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以捐出任何东西而不寻求奖励。句中without意为“没有”，介词后接动词 ing形式作宾语。故填seeking。
6．who　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这对你和那些接受你善行的人都是好的。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为those，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
7．kindness　解析：考查名词。句意同上。句中acts of ________为名词所有格，应用名词kindness，意为“善良、善意”，为不可数名词。故填kindness。
8．performing　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你也应该花时间对所有为你服务的人保持礼貌。句中有谓语动词take且句中无连词，应用perform的非谓语动词形式， people与perform之间为逻辑上的主动关系，即人执行服务的动作，应用现在分词，作定语修饰people。故填performing。
9．wherever　解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你走到哪里，只要你建立起真诚和信任，你就会被你的同伴所喜爱。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为让步状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用wherever引导从句，意为“无论在哪里”。故填wherever。
10．does　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：正如穆罕默德所说：“一个人真正的财富是他或她在世界上所做的好事。”根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语he or she为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填does。
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