外研版必修3 Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Introduction and Reading课件（60张ppt

(共60张PPT)
Module 5
Module 5
Great People and
Great Inventions
of Ancient China
1. To talk about philosophers and philosophies
2. To learn about three great philosophers in ancient China
3. To know about different ways of showing opinions
Can you name some of the famous people and great inventions that have come out of China
Say some quotations of Confucius in Chinese.
Confucius (551 BC~479 BC), born at Zouyi
(south-east of the present Qufu,
Shandong Province), whose given name wasQiu and courtesy name Zhongni, was the
founder of Confucianism.
Mencius (372 BC~289 BC), a great
thinker of the mid-Warring States Period,
was born at Zou (present Zoucheng,
Shandong Province). His given name was Ke and courtesy name
Ziyu. He was a successor of Confucius
and has been called the “Second Sage” after Confucius.
Mo Zi (470 BC~391BC) was a Chinese
philosopher.
According to tradition, Mo Zi was originally a follower of the teachings of Confucius,
until he became convinced that Confucianismlaid too much emphasis on a burdensome
code of rituals and too little on religious
teaching, at which time Mo Zi decided to go
his own way and finally evolved a doctrine of universal love that gave rise to a religious
movement called Mohism.
1. equal 　　
2. importance
3. philosophy
4. kindness
5. order
A. n. kind behaviour towards someone
B. n. 哲学
C. n. 秩序
D. adj. the same in size, number, amount, value etc as something else
E. n. the quality of being important
Match
6. principle
7. position
8. stress
9. resign
10. influential
F. n. 职位
G. n. a moral rule or belief about what is right and wrong, that influences how you behave
H. vt. the special attention or importance given to a particular idea, fact, or activity
I. adj. having a lot of influence and therefore changing the way people think and behave
J. vi. to officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization
Now use some of the words to complete the gaps. You may need to change the words in some way.
In ancient China, private teachers traveled from state to s____ explaining their p________. Confucius was the most important of the ancient Chinese p__________.
tate
hilosophy
equal importance look after philosopher philosophy ruler state teachings thinker treat war
hilosophers
Confucius’s t________ influenced society for more than 2,000 years. Other important t_______ included Mencius and Mozi.
eachings
hinkers
equal importance look after philosopher philosophy ruler state teachings thinker treat war
All three teachers believed in the i___________ of kindness and good government. Mencius’s ideas were very similar to those of Confucius, but some of Mozi’s t________ were very different.
mportance
eachings
For example, he hated the idea of w__ and believed that strong people should l________ weaker people.
ar
ook after
equal importance look after philosopher philosophy ruler state teachings thinker treat war
1. Man is born good. □
2. All human beings are equal. □
3. The family is important. We are members of a group. □
Read these sentences and tick the ideas that Confucius taught.
4. Treat others in the way you want to be
treated. □
5. People are more important than rulers. □
6. We should love all human beings. □
Say something more about Confucius, Mencius and Mozi.
Great People
Confucius
Confucius (/September 28, 551 BC – 479 BC) was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history.
孔子名丘, 字仲尼。春秋后期伟大的思想家、教育家, 儒家的创始人。鲁国人。提出了“仁”的思想, 是中国古代著名的思想家和教育家。
The family is important. We are members of a group.
Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
家天下。
己所不欲, 勿施于人。
Mencius (372–289 BC or 385–303 or 302 BC) was a Chinese philosopher who has often been described as the "second Sage", that is after only Confucius
himself.
孟子(前372—前289)名轲,战国中期鲁国邹人。受业于子思 (孔子之孙，名) 之门人,曾游历于宋、滕、魏、齐等国，阐述他的政治主张，还曾在齐为卿。晚年退而著书，传世有《孟子》七篇。是战国中期儒家的代表。
Mencius
People are more important than rulers.
Man is born good.
民为贵 君为轻。
人性本善。
Mozi (468 – ca. 391 BC), original name Mo Di (墨翟), was a Chinese philosopher
during the Hundred Schools of Thought period (early Warring States 战国period). A book named after him, the Mozi, contains material ascribed(归于) to him and his followers.
Mozi
墨翟(公元前468—376),人们尊称墨子。他是战国初年的鲁国人,大约生于公元前468年,死于公元前376年。
All human beings are equal.
We should love all human beings.
众生平等。
兼爱。
Match the words with the definitions.
order (n) bring up found (v) principle belief
an idea that influences the way you behave __________
principle
2. to start an organization or philosophy ________
3. the feeling that something is true and exists ______
found
belief
4. when people obey laws and rules and do not cause trouble _______
5. to look after children until they are adults _________
order
bring up
order (n) bring up found (v) principle belief
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
What's the main idea of the passage
A. Teachings of ancient Chinese thinkers.
B. Three great philosophers of ancient China.
C. Interesting stories about the three philosophers.
D. The history of ancient Chinese philosophy.
B
Match the information from the three boxes.
Confucius
Mencius
Mozi
A. 476BC – 390 BC
B. 551BC – 479 BC
C. 372BC – 289 BC
a. He was brought up by his
mother.
b. He became famous for his
unusual clothes and behaviour.
c. He is the philosopher whose
influence has been the greatest.
Confucius
―B ― c
Mencius
―C ― a
Mozi
― A― b
1. What is the main idea of Confucius according to the passage
A. Kindness, duty and order in society are
very important.
B. Governments are more important than
its people.
C. All men are created equal.
D. All men are born good.
A
Scan the text to find specific information and choose the best answer.
2. What was the possible relationship between Confucius and Mencius
A. Teacher and student.
B. Mencius was the follower of
Confucius's ideas.
C. They all worked for the same state.
D. Nothing related at all.
B
3. In Mencius's opinion, which was the most important, the government, the ruler or the people
A. The government.
B. The ruler.
C. The people.
D. Not mentioned.
C
4. In which way was Mozi's idea the same as that of Confucius
A. Men should be kind.
B. Men were born equal.
C. Government should be more
emphasized than its people.
D. People were more important than the
government.
C
5. ______ believed that all men were equal.
A. Mozi　　　 B. Confucius
C. Mencius D. Philosophers
A
1. The Chinese people ___ for over 2,000 years.
A. followed Confucius’s teachings
B. influenced Confucius
A
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
2. Mencius believed that people are ______ important than rulers.
A. less B. more
3. Mohism began ______.
A. in 476 BC B. by Mozi
B
B
4. Mozi did not agree with ______.
A. kindness B. war
5. Mencius had important government positions, ______.
A. but Mozi did not B. and so did Mozi
B
A
Paragraph 1 Introduction about __________
_______ – 479BC
greatest influence
(more than 2,000years)
importance of ________, ____ and _____ in society
Confucius
551BC
kindness
duty
order
Fill in the chart with proper information according to the passage.
Paragraph 2 Introduction about ________
He was born in ______ BC and brought up by ______ ______.
at an important _______ in the ___________ first and later _________.
Mencius
372
his mother
position
government
resigned
Paragraph 2 Introduction about Mencius
The Book of ________.
Man was _____.
______ were more important than ______.
hate the ________ ________.
Mencius
kind
People
rulers
cruel government
Paragraph 3 Introduction about _____
_______ – 390 BC
___________ was most important.
All man are _______.
love all ______ ______ and look
after the weak.
hate the idea of _______.
Mozi
476 BC
Government
equal
human beings
war
Find the correct information for each of the philosophers.
A. He hated the state when it treated people badly.
B. He was famous for his unusual clothes and behavior.
C. His ideas have influenced Chinese society for more than 2,000 years.
D. He believed that man was good if the government was kind.
E. He tried to find a state where people would follow his teachings.
F. He stressed the importance of order in society.
G. He came from a very poor family.
H. His father died when he was young.
Confucius
Confucius
Mencius
Mencius
Mencius
Mozi
Mozi
Mozi
1. States were often at peace with each other in ancient China.
2. Confucius’ ideas have the greatest influence on China.
3. Mencius resigned from the government, because the first ruler didn’t respect him.
T
F
war
F
follow his advice
Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
4. Mencius spent all his life preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius.
5. Mozi’s beliefs were the same as those of Confucius.
6. Mencius is the oldest among the three.
F
F
F
his last years
similar to
Confucius
Below is the summary of the text with some contents missing. Choose the right content from the box to make the summary complete.
A. He hated war.
B. His philosophy was called Mohism.
C. His last years were spent writing The Book of Mencius.
D. Confucius (551 BC—479 BC) stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order.
Ancient China was a time of war and great philosophers. 1. ________ Born in 372 BC, Mencius was brought up by his mother after his father died.
D
A. He hated war.
B. His philosophy was called Mohism.
C. His last years were spent writing The Book of Mencius.
D. Confucius (551 BC—479 BC) stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order.
Quitting an important job because the ruler did not follow his advice, he travelled from state to state teaching Confucius’s ideas, eventually becoming an adviser to another ruler. 2. ________ He believed that if governments were kind to people they would be good because people were good. Mozi (476 BC—390 BC),
C
A. He hated war.
B. His philosophy was called Mohism.
C. His last years were spent writing The Book of Mencius.
D. Confucius (551 BC—479 BC) stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order.
whose unusual clothes and behaviour made him famous, came from a poor family. 3. ________ He believed all people were equal and that they should love each other and care for the weak. 4. ________
B
A
Find the words and phrases in the passage that match these definitions.
1. gave a lot of importance to __________
2. job __________
3. doing what he suggested
_________________________
stressed
position
following someone’s advice
4. tell your employer that you are going to leave your job ________
5. someone who gives advice __________
6. having a lot of influence ____________
influential
adviser
resign
1. What have you learnt from this passage
2. What is the contemporary value of the three philosophers’ ideas
3. Compare Mencius with Mozi, telling the similarities and differences.
4. What should we do to love all human beings
Para. 1:
be at war with
it is/was a time when
stress the importance of
be influenced by
2. 是一段……的时间
3. 强调……的重要性
4. 受……影响
1. 与……交战
be similar to
bring up
travel from state to state
an adviser to the ruler
take/follow one’s advice
Para. 2:
1. 与……相似
2. 养育；抚养
3. 听从某人建议
4. 周游列国
5. 统治者的军师, 谋士
be born in
be famous for
in some ways
as a result
look after
1. 出生于
Para. 3:
2. 因…… 而闻名
3. 在某些方面/某种程度上
4. 结果
5. 照顾, 照料
I. 根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式 （每空一词）。
1. They've got a long way to go before they achieve e________ pay for men and women.
2. People were aware of the __________ (重要性) of working with nature.
3. He applied for the ________ (职位) of assistant manager.
equal
importance
position
4. She wanted to work for a bigger and more ________ (有影响的) newspaper.
5. He r________ from the company last week in order to take a more challenging job.
6. The report has ________ (强调) that students' math skills need to improve.
7. Stick to your p________ and tell him you won't do it.
8. The old people were keeping the girl out of ________ (善良).
influential
resigned
stressed
principles
kindness
II. 用适当的介词填空。
1. If she thought he was right, she would agree ________ him.
2. They had been ________ war for five years, and there was still no sign of victory.
3. Her ideas are quite similar ________ mine.
4. He was born ________ a small village in northern Spain.
5. Research shows that most young smokers are influenced ________ their friends.
with
at
to
in
by
III. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略形式）。
1. American English ________ ________ ________ (与……不同) British English.
2. Lucy ________ ________ ________ (被……抚养) by her grandparents and educated at the local school.
3. Don't worry, I'll ________ ________ (照顾) the kids tomorrow.
is different
from
was brought up
look after
4. ________ ________ ________ _____________ (听从你的医生的建议) and you will be better soon.
5. When he was young, he ________ ________ ________ (对……产生了兴趣) making things.
Follow your doctor's
advice / suggestions
became
interested in
Retell the story of Mencius according to Paragraph 2.