2022年中考英语时事阅读理解专题04 国家勋章和国家荣誉称号（word版 学生版+解析版）

时事热点冲刺2022年中考英语阅读理解（2期）
专题04国家勋章和国家荣誉称号
Passage 1 （2021-重庆市江津实验中学校九年级）
题意：介绍八位获得共和国勋章中的四位，分别是：于敏、孙家栋、袁隆平和屠呦呦。文章介绍他们 的重要研究成果及做出的重大贡献。
The people's Republic of China （PRC） celebrated its 70,h founding anniversary last year. Over the past decades （几十年），many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept. 17, in 2019. ahead of National Day on Oct. 1, eight people received the Medal of the Republic （共和国勋章）.
Here are four of the eight recipients （接受者）of the Medal of the Republic.
Yu Min 于敏，1926-2019Nuclear physicistOn June 17, 1967, China detonated （引爆）its first hydrogen bomb（氢弹）. It took only 32 months to go from its first atomic bomb（原子弹）to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist （核物理学家）,Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories and models he created were key to the successful test.
Sun Jiadong 孙家栋,1929—Aerospace engineerSun made great contributions towards developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer （总设计师）of both the Beidou navigation （导航）system and China's lunar exploration project.
c# d Ur * Yuan Longping 袁隆平,1930—“Father of hybrid rice”Yuan devoted himself to agricultural （农业的）education and research. He was the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain. His research on higher rice yields helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world.
Tu Youyou 屠呦呦，1930-ScientistTu is known fbr winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin （青蒿素）,a medicine that can be used to treat malaria （疟疾）.Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
1. When did the eight people receive the Medal of the Republic
Passage 2 （ 2021 浙江青田 九年级竞赛）
题意：主要介绍了四位国家勋章的获得者。
Honoring those who built China
The People's Republic of China （PRC） is celebrating its 70th founding anniversary this year. Over the past decades, many people have made great contributions to the counlry's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept 17, ahead of National Day on Oct 1, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree （主席令）to award national medals and honorary titles to 42 of these contributors, including both Chinese citizens and foreigners. Eight people received the Medal of the Republic, six foreigners received the Friendship Medals, and 28 people received the National Honorary Titles. Now let's learn about four recipients of lhe Medal of the Republic.
Shen Jilan, a farmer, is a lifelong lawmaker. In 1954, she became a deputy to the National People's Congress. Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs. She came up with the idea of equal pay fbr equal work between men and women. The idea was written into China's first constitution （宪法）in 1954. Sun Jiadong, an aerospace engineer, made great contributions toward developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer of both the Baidu navigation （导航）system and China's lunar exploration project
Zhang Fuqing was a soldier in the People'sLiberation Army during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero. In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote （偏远的）county in Hubei province and has been helping poor people there ever since. Tu Youyou, a scientist, is known fbr winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin, a medicine that can be used to treat malaria. Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
How many people received awards for their great contributions on Sept. 17
17. B. 28. C. 42. D. 70.
Only those who have can receive the national medals and honorary titles.
A. worked as lifelong lawmakers B. served in the army
C. lived in China for more than 50 years D. make great contributions
According to the material, the four people mentioned all received .
A. the Nobel Prize B. the Medal of the Republic
C. the Friendship Medals D. the National Honorary Titles
It can be seen from the material that .
malaria is a kind of illness
Sun Jiadong only designed the Baidu navigation system
Shen Jilan's 13 ideas were written into China's constitution
Zhang Fuqing was twice awarded the Medal of the Republic
The above material may probably be a（n） .
A. story B. poster C. report D. advertisement
Passage 3 （2021 广东顺德 三模）
题意：介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为代表的科学家、教育家、艺术家等对国家的建设和发展做出了巨大 贡献，他们被授予共和国奖章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉等称号，他们是时代的伟人，是民族的英雄。
National medals and honorary titles （荣誉称号）are usually awarded every five years. As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary （周年）of the founding of the People's Republic of China （PRC. ）, President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and national honorary titles. They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation's construction and development. Here are some of the people we'll know.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin （抗疟药物青蒿素）,is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovations （仓U新）in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu is not the only one who has given her life lo the country's development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope （FAST, 500 米 口径球面斑电望远镜）,the world's largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, "the people's scientist".
Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.
people won the Medal of the Republic according to the passage.
People of different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except .
doctors B. artists C. scientists D. foreigners
What do we know about Tu Youyou
She won a Nobel Prize in 2017.
She has saved millions of people around the world.
She is the only woman for the Medal of the Republic.
She has made traditional Chinese medicine enter all the countries.
The underlined word in the third paragraph “astronomy" means
气象学 B.天文学 C.地质学 D.军事学
The main purpose of the passage is .
to express thanks to national heroes
to describe how to get the national honorary titles
to lell readers what makes a good role model （榜样）
to introduce some of the people who won national awards
Passage 4 （2021-广东罗湖 二模）
题意：介绍四位共和国勋章获得者：申纪兰，孙家栋，袁隆平和居呦呦。
The People's Republic of China （PRC） celebrated its 70th founding anniversary in 2019. Over the past decades, many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On 17 September 2019. ahead of National Day on 1 October, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree （主席令）to award national medals and honorary titles to 42 of these contributors, including both Chinese citizens and foreigners. Now let's learn four recipients（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic.
Shen Jilan （1929—; Deputy to the NPC）
Shen, a farmer, is a lifelong lawmaker. In 1954, she became a deputy to the National People's Congress）全国人民代 表大会代表）.Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs. She came up with the idea of equal work between men and women. The idea was written into China's first constitution（宪丫去）in 1954.
Sun Jiadong （1929—; Aerospace engineer）
Sun made great contributions toward developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer of both the Beidou navigation（导航）system and China's lunar exploration project.
Yuan Longping （1930—; Father of hybrid rice）
Yuan devoted himself to agricultural education and research. He was the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain（杂交水稻品种）.His research on higher rice yields（产量）helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world.
Tu Youyou （1930—; Scientist）
Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered ariemisinin（青蒿素），a medicine that can be used to treat malaria（疟疾）.Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
Among all of them, who served at all 13 NPCs
Shen Jilan. B. Sun Jiadong. C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Ybuyou.
Who was the most important designer of the Beidou navigation system
Shen Jilan. B. Sun jiadong. C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Youyou.
Why did Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize in 2015
Because she gave the suggestion of equal pay fbr equal work between men and women.
Because she discovered a kind of medicine and saved a large number of people's lives.
Because her research on rice yields helped Chinese people not to be hungry any more.
Because she was a great scientist in satellite technology and space exploration.
Why were they awarded the Medal of the Republic
Because they are great scientists in China.
Because they are very kind to Chinese people.
Because they gave their lives to their motherland.
Because they made wonderful contributions to China's development.
Passage 5 （2020-山东泰山 二模）
题意：讲述了获得国家荣誉称号“人民科学家''的顾方舟的生平事迹，他因研制了骨髓灰质炎糖丸而获此殊
荣。
"I spent my whole life doing one thing", Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills （糖丸） ",Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2, 2019. Eight months later, he received a national honorary- title （荣誉称 号）"the People's Scientist" for his polio （脊髓灰质炎）research.
Gu Fangzhou, a famous medical scientist, was bom in June. 1926. Gu's family faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health.
In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed （使瘫痪）1.680 people, mostly children aged below seven. It spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. "At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine （疫苗）,"said Gu.
In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the " sugar - coated pill" vaccine in the early 1960s. It not only tasted better but was more affordable and easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one - month - old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. "If we don't believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it " said Gu.
Gradually, the sugar - coated polio vaccine was made available in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization （WHO） announced that China was already a polio - free country. "We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio," said Gu.叮hat's all we hoped for."
Which is the right order of the following events
Gu Fangzhou lost his father.
Gu Fangzhou went to university.
Gu Fangzhou became "the People's Scientist".
Gu Fangzhou developed the sugar — coated polio vaccine.
A.①②④③ B.② ③④ C.②③①④ D.③①②④
The third paragraph mainly tells us .
how Gu Fangzhou's research was done
why Gu Fangzhou carried out his research
what difference Gu Fangzhou's research made
what difficulties Gu Fangzhou faced while doing his research
Who was lhe first person to try the polio vaccine in China
A. Gu Fangzhou's son. B. Gu Fangzhou's partner.
C. Gu Fangzhou's partner's kid. D. Gu Fangzhou himself.
The writer wrote the passage mainly to .
give facts about the polio vaccine
introduce a great medical scientist
report an important medical invention
describe the hard work of preventing polio
时事热点冲刺2022年中考英语阅读理解（2期）
专题04国家勋章和国家荣誉称号
Passage 1 （2021-重庆市江津实验中学校九年级）
题意：介绍八位获得共和国勋章中的四位，分别是：于敏、孙家栋、袁隆平和屠呦呦。文章介绍他们 的重要研究成果及做出的重大贡献。
The people's Republic of China （PRC） celebrated its 70,h founding anniversary last year. Over the past decades ,many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept. 17, in 2019. ahead of National Day on Oct. 1, eight people received the Medal of the Republic （共和国勋章）.
Here are four of the eight recipients （接受者）of the Medal of the Republic.
- Yu Min 于敏，1926-2019Nuclear physicistOn June 17, 1967, China detonated （弓| 爆）its first hydrogen bomb（氢弹）. It took only 32 months to go from its first atomic bomb（原子弹）to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist （核物理学家）,Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories and models he created were key to the successful test.
Sun Jiadong 孙家栋，1929—Aerospace engineerSun made great contributions towards developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer （总 设计师）of both the Beidou navigation （导航）system and China's lunar exploration project.
Yuan Longping 袁隆平，1930—“Father of hybrid rice',Yuan devoted himself to agricultural （农业的）education and research. He was the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain. His research on higher rice yields helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world.
Tu Youyou 屠呦呦，1930-ScienlistTu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin （青蒿素）,a medicine that can be used to treat malaria （疟疾）.Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
1. When did the eight people receive the Medal of the Republic
A. On Sept. 17, 2019 B. On Oct. 1,2019
C. On Sept. 17, 1949 D. On Oci.l, 1949
2. Who is called ''father of hybrid rice" by Chinese people
A. Yu Min B. Sun Jiadong C. Yuan Longping D. Tu Youyou
3. Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize in .
A. Physics B. Aerospace C. Literature D. Medicine
4. was dead in 2019.
A. Yu Min B. Sun Jiadong C. Yuan Longping D. Tu Youyou
【答案】
A 2. C 3. D 4. A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了八位获得共和国勋章中的四位，分别是：于敏、孙家栋、袁隆平和屠呦呦。
文章介绍了他们的重要硏究成果及做出的重大贡献。
I.细节理解题。根据第-段"On Sept. 17, in 2019.. .eight people received the Medal of the Republic,, 可知,2019 年9月17日，八人被授予共和国勋章.故选A.
细节理解题。根据第三个表格“Yuan Longping袁隆平，1930—...'Falher of hybrid rice”'可知，袁隆平被中 国人成为“杂交水稻之父"。故选C。
细节理解题。根据第四个表格"Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015." 可知，屠呦呦因获得诺贝尔医学奖而闻名。故选D。
细节理解题。根据第 个表格“YuMin于敏，192&2019”可知，于敏于2019年逝世。故选A。
Passage 2 （2021-浙江青田 九年级竞赛）
题意：主要介绍了四位国家勋章的获得者。
Honoring those who built China
The People's Republic of China （PRC） is celebrating its 70th founding anniversary this year. Over the past decades, many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On Sept 17, ahead of National Day on Oct 1, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree （主席令）to award national medals and honorary titles to 42 of these contributors, including both Chinese citizens and foreigners. Eight people received the Medal of the Republic, six foreigners received the Friendship Medals, and 28 people received the National Honorary Titles. Now let's learn about four recipients of the Medal of the Republic.
Shen Jilan, a farmer, is a lifelong lawmaker. In 1954, she became a deputy to the National People's Congress. Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs. She came up with the idea of equal pay fbr equal work between men and women. The idea was written into China's first constitution （宪法）in 1954. Sun Jiadong, an aerospace engineer, made great contributions toward developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer of both the Baidu navigation （导航）system and China's lunar exploration project.
Zhang Fuqing was a soldier in the People'sLiberation Army during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero. In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote （偏远的）county in Hubei province and has been helping poor people there ever since. Tu Youyou, a scientist, is known fbr winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin, a medicine that can be used to treat malaria. Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
How many people received awards fbr their great contributions on Sept. 17
17. B. 28. C. 42. D. 70.
Only those who have can receive the national medals and honorary titles.
A. worked as lifelong lawmakers B. served in the amiy
C. lived in China fbr more than 50 years D. make great contributions
According io the material, the four people mentioned all received .
A. the Nobel Prize B. the Medal of the Republic
C. the Friendship Medals D. the National Honorary Titles
It can be seen from the material that .
malaria is a kind of illness
Sun Jiadong only designed the Baidu navigation system
Shen Jilan's 13 ideas were written into China's constitution
Zhang Fuqing was twice awarded the Medal of the Republic
The above material may probably be a(n) .
A. story B. poster C. report D. advertisement
【答案】
C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C
【分析】
本文主要向我们介绍了四位国家勋章的获得者
细节理解题。根据“On Sept 17, ahead of National Day on Oct 1, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree (主席令)to award national medals and honorary titles to 42 of these contributors''可知，9 月 17 日，中国国家主席习近平签署一项主席令，授予国家勋章和荣誉称号给42位页献者，故选C。
推理判断题。根据"Over the past decades, many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow througli their hard work.”可知，获得国家勋章和荣誉称号的人都为国家的发展做 出了巨大的贡献，通过他们的辛勤劳动帮助国家发展牡大。故选D。
细节理解题。根据“Now let's learn about four recipients of the Medal of the Republic."可知，文章介绍的四 个人都获得了国家勋章。故选B”
推理判断题。根据..a medicine that can be used to treat malaria. Her finding has saved the lives of millions.''
可知，屠呦呦从中医理论中得到启发，发现了青蒿素，是一种可以用来治病的药，她的发现挽救了数百万 人的生命。所以推测malaria （疟疾）是 种疾病。故选A。
推理判断题°本文主要向我们介绍了四位国家勋章的获得者。所以推测本文最有可能在报道中看到。故 选C。
Passage 3 （2021*广东顺德 三模）
题意：介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为代表的科学家、教育家、艺术家等对国家的建设和发展做出了巨大 贡献，他们被授予共和国奖章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉等称号，他们是时代的伟人，是民族的英雄。
National medals and honorary titles （荣誉称号）are usually awarded every five years. As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary （周年）of the founding of the People's Republic of China （PRC. ）, President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and national honorary titles. They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation's construction and development. Here are some of the people we'll know.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin （抗疟药物青蒿素）,is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovations （仓0新）in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the country's development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope （FAST, 500 米 口径球面斑电望远镜）,the world's largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contribulions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, “the people's scientist".
Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.
people won the Medal of the Republic according to the passage.
5 B. 6 C. 8 D. 42
People of different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except .
doctors B. artists C. scientists D. foreigners
What do we know about Tu Youyou
She won a Nobel Prize in 2017.
She has saved millions of people around the world.
She is the only woman for the Medal of the Republic.
She has made （radiiional Chinese medicine enter all the countries.
The underlined word in the third paragraph "astronomy" means
气象学 B.天文学 C.地质学 D.军事学
The main purpose of the passage is .
to express thanks to national heroes
to describe how to get the national honorary titles
to tell readers what makes a good role model （榜样）
to introduce some of （he people who won national awards
【答案】
C 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻类阅读，主要介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为代表的科学家、教育家、艺术家等对国家的建设 和发展做出了巨大页献，他们被授予共和国奖章、友谊勋章和国家荣誉等称号，他们是时代的伟人，是民 族的英雄
细节理解题。根据第-.段 “Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the
Republic''可知，-共有八人获得了共和国勛章。故选Co
细节理解题。根据第一段"They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people.^uj知，文中提到了科学家、立法者、教育家、艺术家、劳模 和6位非华裔人士，唯独没有提到医生。故选A。
细节理解题。根据第二段4'She has saved millions of lives worldwide '可知，屠呦呦拯救了全世界数百万 人的生命。故选B。
词句猜测題。根据第三段"Nan Rendong.. .Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope （FAST, 500 米 口径球面斑电望远镜）,the world's largest radio telescope.”可知，南仁东领导研制「世界上最大的射电望远镜, 故他对中国天文学作J'巨大的页献，故划线部分astronomy意为“天文学”。故选B。
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.”可知，本文介绍了为中国的建设和发展做出了巨大贡献的科学家、教育家等时代的伟人，意在表达 对这些民族英雄的感谢。故选A。
Passage 4 （2021-广东罗湖 二模）
题意：介绍四位共和国勋章获得者：申纪兰，孙家栋，袁隆平和屠呦呦。
The People's Republic of China （PRC） celebrated its 70th founding anniversary in 2019. Over the past decades, many people have made great contributions to the country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On 17 September 2019, ahead of National Day on 1 October. Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree （主席令）to award national medals and honorary lilies to 42 of these contributors, including both Chinese citizens and foreigners. Now let's learn four recipients（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic.
Shen Jilan （1929—; Deputy to the NPC）
Shen, a farmer, is a lifelong lawmaker. In 1954, she became a deputy to the National People's Congress（全国人民代 表大会代表）.Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs. She came up with the idea of equal work between men and women. The idea was written into China's first constitution（宪，去）in 1954.
Sun Jiadong （1929—; Aerospace engineer）
Sun made great contributions toward developing Chinese satellite technology and space exploration. He was chief designer of both the Beidou navigation（导航）system and China's lunar exploration project.
Yuan Longping （1930—; Father of hybrid rice）
Yuan devoted himself to agricultural education and research. He was the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain（杂交水稻品种）.His research on higher rice yields（产量）helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world.
Tu Youyou （1930—; Scientist）
Tu is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin（青蒿素），a medicine that can be used to treat malaria（疟疾）.Her finding has saved the lives of millions.
Among all of them, who served at all 13 NPCs
A. Shen Jilan. B. Sun Jiadong. C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Youyou.
Who was the most important designer of the Beidou navigation system
Why did Tu Youyou win （he Nobel Prize in 2015
Because she gave the suggestion of equal pay fbr equal work between men and women.
Because she discovered a kind of medicine and saved a large number of people's lives.
Because her research on rice yields helped Chinese people not to be hungry any more.
Because she was a great scientist in satellite technology and space exploration.
Why were they awarded the Medal of the Republic
Because they are great scientists in China.
Because they are very kind to Chinese people.
Because they gave their lives to their motherland.
Because they made wonderful contributions to China's development.
【答案】
A 16. B 17. B 18. D
【分析】
本文介绍了四位共和国勋章获得者：申纪兰，孙家栋，袁隆平和屠呦呦。
细节题。根据表格-（Shen Jilan （1929一; Deputy （o （he NPC））第 2 句**Since then, she has served at all 13 NPCs ”可知“申纪％是全国人民代表大会代表已经十三届了。"故选A。
细节题。根据表格二（Sun Jiadong （1929—; Aerospace engineer））第 2 句“He was chief designer of both the Beidou navigation（导航）system and China's lunar exploration project."可知“孙家栋是北斗导航系统最重要的设 计者”；故选B。
细节题。根据表格四第 2 句“She got inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine theories and discovered artemisinin（青蒿素），a medicine that can be used to treat malaria（疟疾）.He「finding has saved the lives of millions.”可知“屠呦呦在2015年获得诺贝尔奖是因为她发现了一种药，救了很多人的命。"故选B
细节题。根据第 I 段第 2 和 3 句"Over the past decades, many people have made great conlributions to （he country's development, helping it grow through their hard work. On 17 September 2019, ahead of National Day on
1 October, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree （主席令）to award national medals and honorary titles to 42 of these contributors, including both Chinese citizens and foreigners/' 可知他们被授予共和国 勋章是因为他们为中国的发展做出了卓越的贡献。故选D。
Passage 5 （2020-山东泰山 二模）
题意：讲述了获得国家荣誉称号“人民科学家''的顾方舟的生平事迹，他因研制了骨髓灰质炎糖丸而获此殊
荣。
"I spent my whole life doing one thing", Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills （糖丸） ",Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2, 2019. Eight months later, he received a national honorary- title （荣誉称 号）"the People's Scientist" for his polio （脊髓灰质炎）research.
Gu Fangzhou, a famous medical scientist, was bom in June. 1926. Gu's family faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health.
In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed （使瘫痪）1.680 people, mostly children aged below seven. It spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. "At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine （疫苗）,"said Gu.
In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the " sugar - coated pill" vaccine in the early 1960s. It not only tasted better but was more affordable and easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one - month - old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. "If we don't believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it " said Gu.
Gradually, the sugar - coated polio vaccine was made available in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization （WHO） announced that China was already a polio - free country. "We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio," said Gu.叮hat's all we hoped for."
Which is the right order of the following events
Gu Fangzhou lost his father.
Gu Fangzhou went to university.
Gu Fangzhou became "the People's Scientist".
Gu Fangzhou developed the sugar - coaled polio vaccine.
①②④③ B.② ③④ C.②③①④ D.③ ②④
The third paragraph mainly tells us .
how Gu Fangzhou's research was done
why Gu Fangzhou carried out his research
what difference Gu Fangzhou's research made
what difficulties Gu Fangzhou faced while doing his research
Who was the first person to try the polio vaccine in China
A. Gu Fangzhou's son. B. Gu Fangzhou's partner.
C. Gu Fangzhou's partner's kid. D. Gu Fangzhou himself.
The writer wrote the passage mainly to .
give facts about the polio vaccine
introduce a great medical scientist
report an important medical invention
describe the hard work of preventing polio
【答案】
A 20. B 21. D 22. B
【分析】
本文是-篇记叙文。文章主要讲述r获得国家荣誉称号“人民科学家'‘的顾方舟的生平事迹，他因研制了骨髓 灰质炎糖丸而获此殊荣。
19,篇章结构题。根据文中第二段"Gu's family faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father *可知由 于顾方舟的父亲突然去世，顾家面临一个困难期。根据文中第二段第三句“He studied hard and finally entered Peking University as a medical student in 1944."可知父亲去世后，他努力学习，最终1944年考进北京大学。 根据文中第四段“he developed the " sugar - coated pill" vaccine in the early 1960s."可知 20 世纪 60 年代早期, 他开发了"糖衣丸"疫苗。根据文中第一段“Eight months later, he received a national honorary- title （荣誉称号） "the People's Scientist" for his polio （脊髓灰质炎）research."可知在2019年他获得了国家荣誉称号 人民科
学家.根据时间发展顺序，结合题干所列举的并件，所以正确顺序应是①②④③。故选A-
段落大意题。通读第三段，可知本段中心句"Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. "At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine （疫苗），"said Gu."可知当时由于爆发小儿麻痹症，导致很多 儿童瘫痪，当时顾方舟被要求领导小儿麻痹症研究，他认为阻止小儿麻痹症唯一方法是发明疫苗。也就是 说这一段主要讲述顾方舟为什么进行小儿麻痹症研究。故选B。
细节理解题。根据文中第四段 “In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine..."可知为了测试疫 苗，顾先生亲自尝试了疫苗。故选D。
主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了著名的医学科学家顾方舟因研制了骨髓灰质炎糖丸而获 得国家荣誉称号“人民的科学家''这一伟大事迹。故选B。
A.
On Sept. 17, 2019
B. On Oct. 1,2019
C.
On Sept. 17, 1949
D. On Oct.l, 1949
2.
Who is called "father of hybrid rice,, by Chinese people
A.
Yu Min
B. Sun Jiadong
C. Yuan Longping
D.
Tu Youyou
3.
Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize in
A.
Physics
B. Aerospace
C. Literature
D.
Medicine
4.
was dead in 2019.
A. Yu Min
B. Sun Jiadong
C. Yuan Longping
D. Tu Youyou
A. 5
B. 6
C. 8
D. 42
A. Shen Jilan.
B. Sun jiadong.
C. Yuan Longping. D. Tu Ybuyou.