Unit 9 I like music that i can dance to Section B 定语从句的用法 课件（共24张PPT）

(共24张PPT)
定语从句的用法
The Attributive Clause
定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。
什么是定语？
通常由形容词，代词(多为形容词性物主代词），数词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。
a kind teacher
a book on the sofa
I have somet to finish.
the fallen leaves
the girl who is very lovely
形容词作定语
介词短语作定语
动词不定式作定语
分词作定语
定语从句
注意：单个词作定语一般放在名词或代词前，短语或句子作定语放在名词或代词后。
Which one is Conan
The boy is Conan.
Lead –in
Which one is COnan
The boy _______________________ is Conan .
who is wearing glasses
定语从句
定语从句
概念:在句子中作定语的句子叫定语从句或
修饰名词或代词的句子，叫做定语从句.
(Attributive clause)
Conan is a boy who is smart.
句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫做定语从句
结构： 先行词 + 引导词（关系词） + 句子
Conan is a boy who is smart.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, who, whom, whose, that
where, when，why
关系词紧跟先行词
是人就用Who, 宾语可用Whom；
非人用Which, that 都可以；
时间when,地点where,原因why,谁的whose。
关系词的作用： (1) 引导定语从句
(2) 在从句中作一成分
(3) 代替先行词在从句中的位置
关系词的选择
关系代词的用法:
先
行
词
是
人
关系代词:
who
whom
whose
that
which
先行词是物
引导定语从句的关系代词
指人
作主语
作宾语
作定语
指物
既指人
也指物
who
that
that
which
that
作表语
that
that
that
关系代词的指代关系
whom
who
that
whose
that
which
whose
that
whose
关系代词作宾语可省略
whose指物时, 可以与 of which 调换
引导定语从句关系代词的用法：
1)A plane is a machine that/which can fly.
2)The noodles that/which I cooked were delicious.
3)Let’s ask the man that/who is playing soccer over there.
4)The boy whom/who/that we met yesterday is Jim’s brother.
(主语)
(宾语)
(主语)
(宾语)
指人whom/who/that都可作宾语，whom为最好选择
5)That’s the man whose house was burned down.
(定语)
3. The house __________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.
1. The earthquake___________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2. We don’t know the number of people __________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.
that / which
that / who
which /that
6. Harry is the boy ______ mother is our maths teacher .
4. A house __________ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake.
5. Luckily none of the people ______________ I know were killed in the earthquake .
which / that
who/whom/that
whose
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下,只能用that不用which
(1)先行词是不定代词all, no, none,everyone, something, much, little等
或被不定代词所修饰
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
a. This is the first book (that) he has read.
b. She is the most beautiful girl (that) I have ever seen.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
The old car is the only thing (that) he owned.
This is the same book (that) I lent you yesterday.
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
the same…that…同一 the same…as…同样
(4) 先行词中指人又指物
(5) 若主句中有疑问代词which ,what
a. Who is the man that is standing there
b. Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
c. what that is on the table belongs to you
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting？
补充:若主句中有疑问代词who(指人)用that引导
(6) 关系代词在定语从句作表语时
She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the university.
(7)在there be 句型中
There is a book that is on the table.
There is a girl who is my sister.
there be 句型中, 先行词是人, 关系代词用who, 是物用that.
(8)句中有两个定语从句时，第一个的关系代词已用了who 或
which, 第二个定语从句的关系代词用that.
Our English teacher is the man who is talking with the girl that is in red.
指人时，一定要用“who”的：
①先行词为 those等不定代词
Anyone who doesn’t study hard will not pass the exam.
②主句为“There be” 句型
There’s a student who is from Beijing.
③人称代词：he, me, we等
He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
④非限制性定语从句中用who不用that
Tom’s brother, who lives in London, is an engineer.
⑤ 先行词后有一个较长的句子成分
I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.
关系副词 when, where, why的用法
关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which，在从句中作状语
When = in/at/on/…+which;
Where = in/at/on/…+which;
Why = for /…+which
作状语：关系副词
when 时间 where 地点 why 原因
1. This is the factory ______ he works.
2. I don’t know the reason _________ he was late.
3. I still remember the day _______ I met him.
where
why
when
= in which
= for which
=on which
关系代词和关系副词如何区别？
1.取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系副词或介词+关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。　
2.要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。
1）This is the city where I stayed last year.
2）I‘ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.　
3）I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.　
1.I’ll never forget the days ____________we spent together in Paris.
2.I’ll remember the days ________we stayed together.
3.This is the factory ____________we visited
last year.
4.This is the house _________Lincoln once lived.
that\which
when
that\which
where
vt.
vi.
vt.
vi.
during which
in which
Have a try
指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is my father.
( )
2.The girl (whom) we met is Lily. ( )
3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tim.
( )
4.I like the dress (which) you bought yesterday.
( )
主语
宾语
定语
宾语
填空题
1、 I have a friend ________ likes listening to pop music.
who/that
3、The boy______ leg broke in a match is my best friend.
2、Yesterday Linda was wearing the new dress ______
I gave her.
which/that
whose
4、My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old.
5、The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother.
which/that
whom
6、Lily is reading a book __________ is too difficult for her.
which/that
Thank you