(共40张PPT)
1. During the first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained.
typical adj. having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing 典型的，有代表性的
be typical of 是……的特点
typically adv. 典型地；通常
eg It’s a typical Italian café.
It was typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
【语境应用】
Jack is late again. It is _____ of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
D
2. Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.
pleasant adj. enjoyable or attractive and making you feel happy 令人愉快的；友好的
pleased adj. 快乐的，高兴的; 满意的
be pleased to do sth. 开心做某事
pleasing adj. 令人高兴的，满意的
pleasure n. 高兴；荣幸
eg The restaurant was large and pleasant.
那家餐厅宽敞舒适。
pleased, pleasant
pleased 由外部因素引发的人的高兴、愉快的情感。
be pleased at/with/about sth. 或+to do sth.
pleasant 指天气、旅行、消息、时间等令人感到高兴、愉快、舒适等，也指人或人的行为举止等友好的、文雅的、招人喜欢的。在句子中既可作定语也可作表语。
【语境应用】 用pleased/pleasant完成句子。
1) We’re _________ with what he has done.
2) The weather in our city is very _________.
3) Did you have a _________ holiday in London
4) _________ to see you again, Mr Zhang.
pleased
pleasant
pleasant
Pleased
3. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise...
arise vi. to stand up; to happen; if something arises from or out of a situation, event etc., it is caused or started by that situation etc.
起身；出现；由……引起
arise from/out of=result from 由……引起，产生
eg More problems like these are certain to arise.
The audience arose and remained standing.
We arose early on Christmas morning.
arouse one’s interest / sympathy 唤起某人的兴趣、同情心
rise, raise, arise, arouse
单词 词性/词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 起身；出现；由……引起 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 渐渐上升; 起立，起身 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出 raised raised raising
arouse vt. 唤起 aroused aroused arousing
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Can we begin discussing matters ___________ (由……引起) the last meeting
2) That morning I _________ (起床) early and went out to the road waiting for Mr Brown to pick me up.
arose
arising from
用arise, arouse, rise, raise的适当形式填空
1) The river has ________ by several meters.
2) He ________ his eyes from his work.
3) Smoke ________ from the chimney.
4) Her behavior ________ the suspicions of the police.
risen
raises
arises
arouses
4. …the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
massive adj. very large, solid, and heavy; unusually large, powerful, or damaging 巨大的；非常严重的
a massive amount of 大量的
mass n. 团；块；众多；群众
adj. 大规模的；民众的
a mass of/ masses of 大量的
eg The bell is massive, weighing over 40 tons.
那口钟非常大，有 40 多吨重。
Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
大量的书籍摊满了整个房间。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 他们有一座很大的房子。
They’ve got a massive house.
2) 突然，大量的岩石从山上掉落。
Suddenly a mass of rocks fell down the mountain.
3) 我有很多工作要做。
I’ve got a mass of work to do.
4) 六周后他因严重的心脏病发作去世。
He died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.
5. ...where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
breath n. the air that goes into/out of your lungs 呼吸的空气
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹
breathe vt.&vi. to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸
eg I’m too tired to breathe.
It’s good for people to breathe fresh air.
Please breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
Let’s hold our breath and see what will happen.
【拓展】breath短语
hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁
catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) When we climbed to the top of the building, we _________________ (上气不接下气)．
2) If you run very fast, you must _______________ (喘不过气来)．
3) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。
People living here breathe dirty air every day.
4) 山顶上的风景美得令人惊叹。
The view from the top will take your breath away.
were out of breath
lose your breath
6. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.
bound adj. travelling towards a particular; be very likely to do
准备前往(某地)；一定会
be bound for 准备前往/开往……
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
v. 跳动；弹回
n. 跳
eg The ship is bound for South America.
Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
The ball bounded from the wall.
With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 别向她撒谎。她一定会查明那件事的。
Don’t lie to her. She ______ ______ ______ find out about it.
2) 我准备前往上海，那是我的目的地。
I ______ ______ ______ Shanghai; that is my destination.
is bound to
am bound for
7. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they…
scenery n. the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests, deserts etc. 风景，景色
eg The best part of the trip was the fantastic scenery.
此次旅行最精彩之处就是那美妙的风景。
scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面 battle scenes
the opening scene
scenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
sight 视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观 The Great Wall is one of the
sights of the world.
view 指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色 The view from the top of the
mountain is breathtaking.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) get/have a good ______ of the city
2) in /out of _____ 视力范围内/看不见的范围
3) see the ______ 参观名胜
4) on the ______ 在现场
5) There is a happy ______ with children playing in the park.
6) Switzerland is famous for its watch-making and beautiful ______.
view
sight
sights
scene
scenery
scene
8. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests…
in addition: used to add another piece of information to what you have just said 除此之外
addition n. the act of adding something to something else 增添，添加 (介词短语做副词，单独作状语)
in addition to+名词/代词/动名词
eg This excellent book will be a welcome addition to the library of any student.
This garden has the best collection of native plants. In addition, it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.
【拓展】add短语
add ... to ... 往……加入……
add to 增加，加强
add up 加起来
add up to 总共有，（总起来看）说明
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) This music _________ our pleasure and makes us relaxed.
2) Do you believe that Lincoln’s education __________ no more than one year
3) Please ______ sugar and milk ______ your coffee. They will make it more delicious.
4) 除此之外，他还得付十美元。
He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.
5) 除了薪水之外，他还有五千美元的收入。
He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.
adds to
added up to
add to
9. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.
freeze vi.&vt. something becomes hard and solid because the temperature is very cold; to stop moving suddenly and stay completely still
结冰；(使)冻住；突然停止(freeze, froze, frozen)
freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的 n. 冰点
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
冷：cold凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷
暖：warm温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot酷热
eg The cold weather had frozen the ground.
I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.
How much longer do we have to wait for her I’m freezing.
Temperatures remained below freezing during the afternoon.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s _______ here. Can’t we shut a few windows
2) It was well below _______ when we left.
3) Water _______ when the temperature falls to zero.
freezing
freezing
freezes
10. However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country…
anticipate vt. to expect that something will happen and be ready for it; to think about something that is going to happen, especially something pleasant 预料；预见；期望
anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事
It is anticipated that 据预料……
anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼
in anticipation of sth. 期盼某事
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我们不希望出现任何问题。
We don’t anticipate any trouble.
2) 我没有料到要自己做饭！
I didn’t anticipate having to do the cooking myself!
3) Daniel热切地期待着她的到来。
Daniel was eagerly anticipating her arrival.
11. They went through two wheat-growing provinces…
go through: from one side of an area to the other 穿过；
成功；经历，经受；检查；完成；用完
eg The plan did not go through.
They have to go through a hole to reach there.
Most families went through a lot during the war.
He went through all the money his father gave him.
I went through the papers looking for Jane’s letter.
【拓展】go短语
go around 四处走动，流传
go by 过去，经过
go for 出去，去找，喜欢
go in for 从事，喜欢
go out 出去，熄灭，过时
go over 研究，复习
go up 上升，上涨；建造；攀爬
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) After months of efforts the work finally went through.
2) I always start the day by going through my mail.
3) He has gone through a lot since his father died.
4) We’ve gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.
我总是每天一早就查阅我的邮件。
经过数月的努力，这项工作终于完成了。
父亲过世后他受了很多苦。
我们用完了我上周买的所有信封。
1. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful
shops selling crafts and antiques.
【句意】
尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。
that引导的定语从句
v.-ing短语作定语
eg The man standing by the window is our teacher.
站在窗边的那个人是我们老师。
They lived in the house facing the south.
他们住在朝南的房子里。
despite prep. used to say that something happens or is true even though something else might have prevented it 尽管......
=in spite of 后接名词、代词或动名词，不接从句(what从句除外)；但可以用despite/ in spite of the fact that 引导从句
eg Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it.
尽管已反复保证了该产品的安全性，很多人还是不再购买。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) In spite of/ Despite _______ ________ ________ she was very angry, she didn’t lose her temper.
她尽管很生气，但是没有发脾气。
2) _______ _________ __________ the cold weather, everybody is here.
尽管天气很冷，但是大家还是都来了。
the fact that
In spite of
2. It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
It was not until… that…直到……才……
本句用了not…until…的强调句：It is/was not until… that+其它。
【句意】
上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
not…until的三种句型：正常语序、倒装、强调句型。
正常语序：
They didn’t finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto until 9:30 a.m.
倒装语序：
Not until 9:30 a.m. did they finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Not until recently ______ ______ _________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展和旅游有关的活动。
2) It wasn’t until then ______ people realized the actor had consumed quantities of wine.
直到那是人们才意识到那个演员喝了许多酒。
did they encourage
that(共35张PPT)
Unit 4
UNIT 4
JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
Can you replace “journey” with another word
Travel, trip, tour, etc.
What does “journey” often imply
“Journey” often implies a longer trip, perhaps to multiple destinations, or with a greater sense of unknown.
What do you think “vast land” means Where does the phrase “vast land” remind you of
An extremely large area of ground. Xinjiang, Gansu, etc.
Travel far enough, you meet yourself.
——David Mitchell
When and where was this photo taken How would you like to describe the picture How do you feel about the picture
If you took a rail journey like this, what do you think you would see and experience
Have you ever taken a long rail journey What was it like How might the rail journey in the photo be different or similar
What has travelling brought to you
What do you expect to experience in a place far away from home
How do you understand the quote
How would you translate the quote into Chinese
Travel far enough, you meet yourself.
——David Mitchell
在一段足够远的旅行中，你会遇到（内心的）自己。
To read about a rail journey across Canada
To learn to draw the two girls journey route
To learn to use discourse markers to show relationships
To think about the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of transportation
What do you know about rail journeys
Where have you travelled by rail And what have you seen in your journey
What do you know of Canada What do you think you will
see if you go on a rail
journey across Canada
Rail journeys used to take a long time — people often took them because they were cheaper than flying. However, now with high speed rail, they are much shorter, but also more expensive.
Enjoy a video about the rail journey in Canada.
Seeing the True North via Rail:
Vancouver and the Heart of Canada
Can you circle the key words of this title
How do you understand the title
1. What is the text mainly about
A. The whole trip in Canada.
B. The cousins’ feelings during the trip.
C. What they have seen and done during the trip from Vancouver to Toronto.
Skim the text and answer the following questions.
2. The passage is written in the order of ________ and _________.
time
place
C
1. Who are the main characters
2. Where did they go How did they go there What did they see or do
3. How was their journey like
Read the passage quickly, and answer the questions:
1. What type of writing is this passage
A. Argumentative writing
B. Narrative writing
C. Expository writing
D. Advertising writing
B
2. In which part of a newspaper may we find this passage
A. Entertainment B. Travel
C. Education D. Health
B
3. Which of the following shows the right route of the two girls’ travel
A. Vancouver Jasper Winnipeg Edmonton Ontario Toronto
B. Vancouver Jasper Winnipeg Ontario Edmonton Toronto
C. Vancouver Jasper Edmonton Winnipeg Ontario Toronto
D. Vancouver Jasper Ontario Winnipeg Edmonton Toronto
C
本文是一篇游记，以时间和空间的顺序记述了Li Daiyu和Liu Qian两姐妹乘坐火车自西向东横跨加拿大的旅程经历，包括她们沿途所看到的自然美景、野生动物等，她们对加拿大美丽的自然风光和丰富的自然资源发出赞叹。加拿大是一个幅员辽阔的国家，乘坐长途火车旅行能够深度体验加拿大不同地区的自然风光和人文风情。旅游是一种重要的文化体验形式，游记的形式便于将自然风光和人文风情的介绍融入个人的旅行经历和情感体验之中。
Discourse markers are also known as “linking words”. They are used to show relationships between ideas. Relationships can range from adding something(e.g., also, besides, additionally), to showing contrast(e.g., however, on the other hand), to explaining a reason(e.g., because, since), or to showing a result(e.g., therefore, as a result). Without them, the connections between sentences and paragraphs would be less obvious.
Use discourse markers(语篇标记词) to show relationships
Read the article again and underline the discourse markers (or linking words).
Contrast
Rather than表明Li Daiyu和Liu Qian先乘飞机飞往温哥华，然后搭乘火车游览加拿大，而非一直乘飞机。
Order of events
通过使用Before, During, Later与时序相关的话语标记语，清晰地呈现出两位主人公开启火车之旅前的游览活动。
Adding
In addition to将旅途中所见的景物自然地衔接在一起。
Reason
Since起着引出原因的作用。
Contrast
Concluding
Time
More examples of discourse markers:
Adding: also, beside, additionally, moreover
Contrast: however, on the other hand, while, by contrast
Reason: since, as, because
Result: therefore, as a result, consequently, accordingly
Emphasis: indeed, above all
Order of events: first, second, next
Time: as soon as, meanwhile
Giving examples: for example, such as
Comparing: similarly, likewise
Concluding: to conclude, in summary
1. however A. to add something
2. since B. to show contrast
3. when C. to explain a reason
4. in addition D. to show an end point in time to
5. in fact E. to show time
6. later F. to emphasise
7. eventually G. to describe the order of events
Match each of these discourse markers with the correct purpose.
Brief introduction about the trip
who
why
where
what
how
feeling
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian
To visit their cousins
Canada
They took a trip across Canada by rail and saw breathtaking scenery.
First flew, and then took the train.
Read the text and fill the blanks.
Exciting
Fill the blanks according to the text.
Day Place Transportation
1
2
3
4
5-7
Vancouver bay
Vancouver forest
Lake Louise
Jasper
by boat
on foot
by train, by taxi
by coach
by air
China-Vancouver
Jasper- Edmonton- Canadian Prairie- Winnipeg- Ontario- Lake Huron- Toronto
by train
1. Li Daiyu and her cousin chose to take the train to cross Canada
from west to east. ( )
2. They could see more beautiful scenery if they travelled by plane. ( )
3. Edmonton is home to many shopping malls because it is the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas drilling industry. ( )
4. It is common for people to see some wild animals in the Canadian Rockies. ( )
5. The trip from Vancouver to Toronto took the girls a week. ( )
Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
T
F
F
T
F
Time Place Information
Before starting out often rains; a harbour; beautiful mountains looking out over the city; a forest just a short distance away
The next morning the Canadian Rockies
Vancouver
blue water of Lake Louise; spectacular mountain peaks and forests; different creatures such as deer, mountain goats, grizzly bears, and eagles
Complete the table below with information from the article.
Time Place Information
After they left Jasper centre of Canada’s huge oil and gas industry; cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃; home to one of the largest shopping malls in North America
After they left Edmonton the Canadian Prairie
After another day a land of forests, lakes, and rolling hills; four Great Lakes on its southern border; capital is Toronto
Edmonton
an open country; two wheat-growing provinces; a bunch of farms that covered a very large area
Ontario
Complete the girls' travel route in Canada.
bay
antiques
hike
spectacular
coach
drilling
wheat-growing
four
Put the following sentences in the right order to form the summary of the text.
A. After spending a couple of days enjoying a boat ride and hiking in a forest, they took the early train to Lake Louise and a coach through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper, where they saw mountain goats, a grizzly bear and an eagle.
B. After four days, they'd finally reached Ontario's capital, Toronto.
C. Heading southeast across the Canadian Prairie, they were amazed to see such an open country and large areas of farmland.
D. From Jasper they caught the train for Toronto, stopping at Edmonton, capital of Alberta and centre of Canada's oil and gas drilling industry, whose freezing winters make it home to many indoor shopping malls.
E. To visit their cousins in Halifax, Li Daiyu and Liu Qian flew to Vancouver and then took the train to the Atlantic coast.
F. After passing through Winnipeg and the red, gold and orange forests of Ontario, announcing the arrival of autumn, they could see Lake Huron, one of the four Great Lakes on Ontario's southern border.
Discuss the questions in groups.
Would you be interested in taking the same trip as Li Daiyu and Liu Qian Why or why not
I would love to take such a journey. It seems so wonderful and relaxing, and I would get to see so many beautiful sites.
2. How is a rail journey different from other forms of travel, such as by plane or car
A rail journey is different from a car journey in that with a car journey, if you see something interesting, you can stop and take a look. A journey by plane will get you to your destination much faster than a trip by train or car. However, usually you cannot see much interesting from a plane window, and a plane gives much less space and fewer opportunities to get up and walk around than on a train.
Transportation Advantage Disadvantage Suitable for
by bus cheap slow short-distance trip, especially trips within towns/cities
by airplane quick expensive long journeys between big cities
by cruise ship relaxing with nice accommodation and meals slow trips between coastal cities
What are some advantages of a rail journey
What are some gains you would have from travelling by rail
rather than
all the way
start out
take sb.'s breath away
a bunch of
pull back the curtain
而不是
一路上；自始至终
出发；启程
令人惊叹
一束；一串
拉开窗帘
Retell the reading passage according to the following words:
Before starting out,… During the first day,… The next day,…Later,… The next morning,… From Jasper,… From Edmonton, … After another day, … When they woke up the next morning,… All in all,…
