【教案】Unit 3　Times change！ Period 3 外研版2019 选择性必修第二册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3　Times change！
Period 3　 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
词汇积累
①cafeteria [ k fI'tI ri ] n．[C]自助餐厅　
②run late 晚了
run early/on time早了/准时
③emoji [I'm d i] n．[C]绘文字，表情符号
④an attempt to do sth.做某事的尝试/企图
attempt n. & vt.试图，尝试
at the first attempt第一次尝试
attempt to do sth.试图做某事
⑤follow the trend of跟随……的潮流
trend n．[C]趋势，趋向
a downward/an upward trend in sth.……下滑/上升的趋势
⑥an integral component不可缺少的组成部分
integral ['IntIɡr l] adj.不可缺少的
component [k m'p n nt] n．[C]组成部分
a key/vital component重要的/至关重要的组成部分
⑦express oneself表达自己的思想感情
⑧symbol n．[C]符号，代号，记号
sign n．[C]符号，记号
symbolise vt.象征，是……的象征
symbolic adj.象征性的
⑨come in different categories
有不同的种类　
come vi.[熟词生义] 有(货)，可提供
come in...有……
category ['k tIɡ( )ri] n．[C]类别
⑩be limited to被限制在……
limit vt.限制，限定
expand upon 详述，充分叙述
the word of the year年度热词
the man/woman/of the year年度最优秀人物
pictograph ['pIkt ɡrɑ f]n.[C]象形图，图画文字
have advantages over比……有优势
emotional [I'm ( )n l]
adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的
emotion n．[C，U]情感，情绪
gesture ['d est ] n．[C，U]手势，姿势
facial expressions面部表情
facial adj.脸上的，面部的
a string of 一串……
separation n．[U，sing.]分开，分离；[C]离别
separate vt.& vi.(使)分离，分散
separate A from/and B把A与B分开
spread to蔓延至，扩散到
textspeak ['tekst spi k]n.[U]短信简写语
intention [In'ten ( )n]n.
[C，U]意图，目的
adaptation [ d p'teI ( )n] n．[C]改编
accessible [ k'sesIb( )l] adj.容易理解的，易懂的
take away拿走，带走，使消失
heart and soul精髓
soul [s l] n．[U]精神
have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的趋势
tendency ['tend nsi] n．[C]趋势，倾向
facilitate [f 'sIlIteIt] vt.促进，使便利
facilitation n．[U, sing.]简易化，简便化，促进
educator ['edj keIt ] n．[C]教育工作者，教育学家
pictorial[pIk't ri l]adj.图画的，照片的
Emojis：a new language
[1]While waiting outside the cafeteria① , I received the following message from my friend ：
[1]此处是时间状语从句“While I was waiting outside the cafeteria”的省略形式 。
It took me a minute before I realised what it meant. The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late② and would be there soon. Instead of replying with a simple “OK, don't rush”， I searched for emojis③ on my phone that would express the same message：
This was my attempt to④ follow the trend of⑤ communicating with emojis. Emojis are used everywhere, from text messages to emails, blogs and other social media networks. With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component⑥ of the language we use to express ourselves⑦.
The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”. Emojis are small symbols⑧ representing ideas, emotions or feelings. They come in different categories⑨， such as faces and people, plants and animals, and food and drink.
When first introduced in Japan in 1999 , emojis were limited to⑩ 176 simple designs.[2] Now there are more than 3, 000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate. Due to their popularity, the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
[2]本句是主从复合句。that在此引导限制性定语从句，先行词为more than 3，000 emojis；该从句中，in which引导限制性定语从句，先行词为way。
In today's world, emojis have become more and more popular. It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language.[3]People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.In fact, this is similar to the gestures we use when we speak. [4]With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can“see” your facial expression while reading your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words. For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a string of crying faces to express your sadness over your separation .
[3]本句是主从复合句。because在此引导原因状语从句，该从句中的are quick and easy to use是“be＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
[4]“With a．..added to a message or post”是with复合结构，宾补由过去分词短语充当，face与add之间为动宾关系。while reading your words是时间状语从句的省略形式。
The use of emojis has even spread to classical literature. A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with textspeak and emojis. The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers. Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays.
As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place. Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves. [5]But this makes others, especially educators, worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.[6]After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call？Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly. On that day, emojis [7] will have become a real pictorial“language”. But, for now, maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them.
[5]本句是主从复合句。“makes others，especially educators, worry...”属于“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由不带to的不定式短语充当。that在句中引导宾语从句。
[6]本句中包含“would rather do sth. than do sth.”结构，该结构表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。
[7]此处采用将来完成时表示在将来某个时间已经完成的动作。
表情符号：一门新语言？
在自助餐厅外等待时，我收到了朋友的如下信息：
我花了一分钟才明白它的意思。他用这些符号是要表达他要迟到了，不过很快就到那儿。我没有简单地回答说“好的，不着急”，而是在手机上搜索表示同样意思的表情符号：
我这也是追赶用表情符号交流的潮流。从短信到电子邮件，再到博客以及其他社交媒体网络，表情符号无处不在。随着社交媒体的迅速发展，表情符号正成为人们表达自己的思想感情的必要组成部分。
“emoji(表情符号)”一词源自日语，字面意思是“图片文字”。表情符号用来表示思想、情感或心情，它们有不同的类别，譬如脸和人物、植物和动物、食物和饮料。
1999年，日本首次推出表情符号，当时只有简简单单的176个图样。现在有超过3 000个表情符号详细描述了我们的交流方式。由于表情符号广受欢迎，牛津词典2015年的年度热词有史以来第一次收 录了非传统词的图画文字。
现在，表情符号越发受到欢迎，与书面语言相比，它似乎有明显的优势。人们喜欢表情符号，因为它们增强了情感的含义，使用起来既方便又快捷。实际上，这些符号与我们说话时使用的手势有异曲同工之妙。在信息或帖子中附加一个微笑或悲伤的脸部表情，读者阅读文字时就能“看到”你的面部表情。当人们找不到合适的词语时，也能通过表情符号来表达情感。比如，如果朋友要搬家到很远的地方去，你可以发一串哭脸，表达自己对分离的悲伤。
表情符号的使用甚至已经扩展到了古典文学领域。一个面向年轻读者的莎士比亚系列，选取威廉·莎士比亚广受欢迎的戏剧作品，然后用短信简写语和表情符号替代了一些词语。这些改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典名著。不过，也有人认为，这些新版本丧失了莎士比亚戏剧的精髓。
正如我们所看到的那样，表情符号大有随处可见的趋势。表情符号的使用者表示，这些符号有助于人们交流和表达自我。不过，这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心人们正在失去用书面语言，乃至口头语言进行正常交流的能力。毕竟，宁愿发送满是表情符号的信息也不愿打电话的人恐怕不在少数吧？也许有一天，人们会选择用图片交流，却忘记了如何正确书写。到那一天，表情符号将会成为真正的图画“语言”。但是目前我们享受使用这些符号的乐趣就行了。
Ⅰ.Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1 (Paras. 1－3)______　A．The development and influence of emojis.
Part 2 (Paras. 4－7)______ B．Opinions of different
people on the use of emojis.
Part 3 (Para. 8)______ C．Emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use in social media.
答案：CAB
Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
1．What's the main idea of the text
A．The origin and the development of the word “emoji”．
B．The problems and limitation with the use of emojis.
C．The introduction to the new language of emojis.
D．The advantages of emojis over written language.
2．How long did it take the author to understand the message in emojis from his friend
A．One minute. B．Two minutes.
C．Three minutes. D．Five minutes.
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text
A．Emojis are used everywhere，from text messages to emails and blogs.
B．There are more than 200 emojis when they are first introduced in Japan in 1999.
C．Emojis have obvious advantages over written language.
D．Emojis can express feelings when people cannot find the appropriate words.
4．What does the word “facilitate” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Help. B．Assist.
C．Convenient. D．Promote.
答案：1－4.CABD
Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．wait outside the cafeteria 在自助餐厅外等待
2．an integral component of the language
语言中不可或缺的一部分
3．different categories 不同的类别
4．be similar to the gestures we use when we speak
和我们说话时使用的手
势相似
5．heart and soul 精髓
6．facilitate the way in which we communicate
促进我们交流的方式
7．secondary source 次要来源
8．in the comics and earlier films
在连环漫画和早期电影中
9．change into his Superman costume
换上他的超人服装
Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．expand vt.& vi.使变大；增加；伸展→expansion n．扩张；扩大
2．emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→emotion n．感情；情绪
3．facial adj.脸上的，面部的→face n．脸
4．intention n．意图，目的→intend vt.计划；打算
5．adaptation n．改编；适应→adapt vt.使适应；改编
6．accessible adj.易懂的；可接近的；可进入的；可使用的→access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性
7．tendency n．趋势→tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看
8．educator n．教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育
9．urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动→urgent adj. 紧急的→urgency n. 紧急
10．convincing adj.有说服力的；令人信服的→convince vt.使确信，使信服→convinced adj.确信的，信服的
Ⅲ.重点短语·再现
根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．Instead of replying_with(以……回复) a simple “OK, don't rush”， I searched_for(寻找；搜索) emojis on my phone that would express the same message.
2．Due_to(由于) their popularity，the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for_the_first_time_ever(有史以来第一次), a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
3．For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a_string_of (一连串) crying faces to express your sadness over your separation.
4．Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart_and_soul(精髓) of Shakespeare's plays.
5．Where does Superman get_changed (换衣服) these days
6．And anyone who happens to leave their mobile phone at home will still have_no_use_for(不需要) a phone box.
Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．be to do结构
The signs he used were_to_say(是说) that he'd be running late and would be there soon.
2．状语从句的省略
When_first_introduced(当首次引入时) in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.
3．with复合结构
With_a_smiling_or_sad_face_added_to(通过给……添加笑脸或哭脸) a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words.
4．“would rather...than...”意为“宁愿……而不愿”
After all，how many of us today would_rather_send_a_message(宁愿发送一条信息) packed with emojis than(而不愿) make a telephone call
[词汇知识过关]
expand　vt.& vi.增加，(使)扩大
(教材P33)Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.
现在有超过3 000个表情符号详细描述了我们的交流方式。
(1)expand on/upon 详述；详细阐明
expand into 扩大成
(2)expansion n. 膨胀；扩张
①The narrow path in the village expanded into a wide road.
村里的狭窄小路拓宽成了一条大道。
②Metals expand when they are heated.
＝Metals undergo expansion when they are heated.
金属受热会膨胀。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Would you expand on/upon the matter a little further
(2)His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire.
[写美]——完成句子
(3)他没有详细阐述他的报告。
He didn't expand_greatly_on_his_statement．
(4)那位作者把他的短篇小说扩展为长篇小说。
The writer expanded_his_short_novel_into_a_long_one．
intention　n.意图，目的；企图，打算
(教材P33)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这些改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典名著。
(1)with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的；打算……
have no intention of doing sth. 无意做某事
(2)intend vt. 　打算；计划；想要；意指
intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth. (＝intended to have done sth.)
本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
(3)be intended for/to do sth. 旨在，预定……用途；
为……打算(或设计)的
①He queued up for a whole day, with the intention of getting a ticket to a jazz concert.
为了能买到一张爵士音乐会的门票，他排了一整天队。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something special.　但是当丹尼斯·威廉姆斯收到一封显然不是发给他的短信时，他做了与众不同的事。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)He wrote the letter with the intention(intend) of asking for some advice.
(2)(2018·北京卷)The university is known for its language and culture courses intended(intend) for international students.
(3)New Concept English is_intended(intend) for foreign students, which is known to us all.
[写美]——完成句子
(4)我不打算让你继续独自生活在这里。
I have_no_intention_of_allowing you to continue living here alone.
adaptation　n.改编；改编本；适应(性)
(教材P33)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这些改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典名著。
(1)make an adaptation to 适应……
(2)adapt v. 使适应；使适合；改编；改写
adapt (...) to (使……)适应于……
adapt (...) from 根据……改编(写)……
adapt...for 把……改编(写)成……；
为……改编(写)……
(3)adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的
①The expert is giving a lecture on the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions.
这位专家正在做关于沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应性的讲座。
②Farmers already adapt to variable weather by changing their planting schedules.
农民已经通过改变种植计划来适应多变的天气。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Successful businesses are highly adaptable(adapt) to economic change.
(2)It was a TV adaptation(adapt) of Chinese literature classic, The Dream of the Red Chamber, which was performed by a group of children aged 6 to 12.
(3)It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.
(4)The famous expert adapted his speech to_suit(suit) the interests of his audience.
[写美]——完成句子
(5)这部改编自小说的电影很受人们的欢迎。
The movie adapted_from_a_novel is well received by people.
tendency　n.倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向
(教材P33)As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.
正如我们所看到的那样，表情符号大有随处可见的趋势。
(1)have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
(2)tend vi. 往往，趋向
vt. 照看，护理；招待；照料
tend to do... 倾向于做……；
往往会做……
tend (to) sb. 照顾某人
①Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency to age more slowly than a man's.
有些人认为，女性的身体细胞比男性的衰老速度慢。
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
虽然我倾向于买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我对它们的理解。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Higher income parents tended to_have (have) children play with puzzles more frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.
(2)There is an increasing tendency(tend) for women to have children later in life.
(3)The doctors in this hospital are tending to the wounded.
[写美]——一句多译
他倾向于帮助那些有困难的学生。
(4)He tends_to_help_those_students who are in trouble.
(5)He has_a_tendency_to_help_those_students who are in trouble.
urgently　adv.紧急地；急迫地
(教材P35)And even if we could remember a number and needed to call it urgently, it would still be more convenient to borrow a mobile phone from someone else than walk around looking for a phone box.
即使我们记住一个号码，并且需要紧急打电话，从别人那里借手机还是比四处寻找电话亭要方便得多。
(1)urge v. 催促；极力主张；驱策
n. 强烈的欲望，冲动
urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sth. on/upon sb. 极力主张某人某事
urge that...(should) do... 主张……
It is urged that...(should) do... 人们坚决要求……
have an urge to do... 有做……的冲动
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的
in urgent need of 急需
(3)urgency n. 紧急(的事)
①Refugees there are in urgent need of food.
那里的难民急需食品。
②He had an urge to open a shop of his own.
他很想自己开一家店。
③The UN has urged them to honor the peace treaty.
联合国已敦促他们尊重这项和平条约。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)I have an urge to_help(help) people out when they're in trouble.
(2)I have urged on/upon him the need for extreme secrecy.
(3)It is strongly urged that the library (should)_be_kept (keep) open during the vacation.
[写美]——句型转换
(4)Our teachers urge us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
→Our teachers urge that_we_(should)_study_hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
convincing　adj.有说服力的，使人信服的
(教材P35)What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing
作者给出了什么支持论点来证明这一点是令人信服的？
(1)convince vt. 使确信；使相信；使信服；
说服；劝说
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
(2)convinced adj. 确信的；深信的
be convinced of/that... 相信……
①His speech was so convincing that everyone present believed what he said.　他的演讲很令人信服，以至于在场的所有人都相信他所说的话。
②(2020·天津卷)He convinced the police department to allow him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
他说服警察局允许他在当地两个公园里设置聊天长椅。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)His mother has been trying to convince him to_see(see) a doctor.
(2)This last argument is the most convincing(convince) to me.
(3)Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
[写美]——句式升级
(4)(普通表达)He was convinced of its truth, and he felt pleased.
(高级表达)Convinced_of_its_truth,_he felt pleased.(形容词短语作状语)
[经典句式过关]
状语从句的省略
(教材P33)When first introduced in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.
1999年，日本首次推出表情符号，当时只有简简单单的176个图样。
状语从句的省略的两种情形：
(1)当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，这时可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略；
(2) 如果从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词，这时也可以将it和be动词一起省略。
①There are some health problems that, when not treated in time, can become bigger ones later on.
有这样一些问题，如果不及时处理，日后会变成更大的问题。
②The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.
然后垃圾将被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China's approach to protecting its environment while feeding(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.”
(2)If admitted(admit), I will do all I can to do the work well.
[写美]——句式升级
(3)(普通表达)While I was walking in the street, I met with one of my elderly friends.
(高级表达)While_walking_in_the_street,_I met with one of my elderly friends.
(4)(普通表达)If he is chosen, Mr. Brown will turn out to be an excellent manager.
(高级表达)If_chosen,_Mr. Brown will turn out to be an excellent manager.
with复合结构
(教材P33)With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can“see”your facial expression while reading your words.
在信息或帖子中附加一个微笑或悲伤的脸部表情，读者阅读文字时就能“看到”你的面部表情。
“with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：
(1)with＋宾语＋doing (表示主动或正在进行的动作)
(2)with＋宾语＋done (表示被动或已完成的动作)
(3)with＋宾语＋to do (表示将来的动作)
(4)with＋宾语＋adj.
(5)with＋宾语＋adv.
(6)with＋宾语＋介词短语
①The man sat in the chair, with his hands tied behind his back by the tiresome kidnapper.
这个人坐在椅子上，双手被这个可恶的绑匪绑在了背后。
②With so many problems in his mind, he couldn't sleep well.　有这么多问题在心头，他睡不好觉。
③The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.　这对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园里散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)I can't go out with all these dishes to_wash(wash).
(2)The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the light on．
(3)He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring(stare) at him.
[写美]——句式升级
(4)(普通表达)The teacher stood there and one of his fingers pointed at the painting.
(高级表达)The teacher stood there with_one_of_his_fingers_pointing_
at_the_painting．(with复合结构)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．I am convinced(相信) that the young man is an honest and considerate man.
2．(2018·浙江卷6月)Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency(紧急情况) to do my school work immediately.
3．The writer is expanding(拓展) the story of the money and a few jars into a novel.
4．Have you heard of her intention(打算) to start an investment banking firm
5．The only components(组成部分) required, though, are a 5′× 5′sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container.
6．That is why I recommend another category(类别) of books: literary books.
7．The new airport will facilitate(促进) the development of tourism.
8．There is no point in buying a costume(化装服) if you're not even going to wear it out.
9．Experience is what matters—age is of secondary(次要的) importance.
10．Laughter is fantastic medicine for the soul(灵魂). Seek out people who is humorous and make you laugh.
Ⅱ.选词填空
adapt to, be intended to, in urgent need of, be convinced of, due to
1．The people in the earthquake stricken area are in_urgent_need_of food, medicine and shelters.
2．The girl has a strong desire to adapt_to social life after graduating from university.
3．The coast road is closed due_to bad weather.
4．I am_convinced_of your ability for that job, so just go and apply for it.
5．A spokeswoman said that the advert was aimed at young men and was_intended_to be humorous.
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